Differential mechanism, power assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of differential mechanisms, aims to solve the technical problem that some known differential mechanisms are not high in operation reliability, and provides a differential mechanism, a power assembly and a vehicle. The differential mechanism comprises a shell, a mounting piece, a plurality of connecting shafts and a plurality of first gears. The shell defines an accommodating cavity. The mounting part is arranged in the accommodating cavity, a communicating hole and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the mounting part, the communicating hole is used for introducing lubricating oil, and the mounting holes are communicated with the communicating hole. The connecting shafts comprise first parts and second parts, the first parts are contained in the mounting holes, the second parts are located on the outer sides of the mounting pieces, one ends of the second parts are connected with the first parts, the other ends of the second parts are connected to the shell, and the second parts are rotationally sleeved with the first gears respectively. Oil guide holes are formed in the multiple connecting shafts, inlets of the oil guide holes communicate with the communicating hole, and outlets of the oil guide holes communicate with the lubricating gaps between the connecting shafts and the first gear. The differential mechanism has the beneficial effect that the operation reliability of the differential mechanism is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of differentials, and more particularly, to differentials, powertrains, and vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Some known differentials are configured with a spider shaft and two bevel gears. The two bevel gears are sleeved at both ends of the spider shaft, and both bevel gears are engaged with the transmission gears of the two half shafts. When the vehicle is accelerating rapidly and the inter-wheel differential between the left and right wheels is large, the relative rotational speed difference between the bevel gear and the spider shaft member is large, resulting in excessive frictional force between the bevel gear and the spider shaft, which is prone to overheating and sintering between the bevel gear and the spider shaft, and further causing dangerous problems such as the failure of the vehicle's transmission system. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The present application provides a differential, a powertrain, and a vehicle to solve the technical problem that the friction surface pressure between the spider shaft and the bevel gear of some known differentials is prone to be excessive.

[0004] The present application provides a differential, including a housing, a mounting member, a plurality of connecting shafts, and a plurality of first gears. The housing defines a receiving cavity. The mounting member is disposed in the receiving cavity. The mounting member is provided with a communication hole that penetrates the mounting member along a preset direction. The communication hole is used for introducing lubricating oil. The communication hole has a first center line that is parallel to the preset direction. The mounting member is further provided with a plurality of mounting holes that are distributed around the first center line. The plurality of mounting holes are all communicated with the communication hole. The plurality of mounting holes respectively have second center lines. The plurality of second center lines are coplanar, and the intersection of the plurality of second center lines is on the first center line. The first center line is perpendicular to the second center line. Each of the plurality of connecting shafts includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is received in the mounting hole. The second portion is located outside the mounting member. One end of the second portion is connected to the first portion, and the other end of the second portion is connected to the housing. The plurality of first gears are respectively rotatably sleeved on the plurality of second portions. Each of the plurality of connecting shafts is provided with an oil guiding hole. The inlet of the oil guiding hole is communicated with the communication hole, and the outlet of the oil guiding hole is located on the side surface of the second portion. The oil guiding hole is used for guiding the lubricating oil in the communication hole to flow into the space between the connecting shaft and the first gear.

[0005] When the differential of the present application is working, the housing rotates around the first center line, and the mounting member is fixedly connected to the housing through multiple connecting shafts, so that the mounting member rotates around the first center line at the same time, so that the lubricating oil in the connecting hole is thrown into the oil guide hole under the action of centrifugal force. After a certain amount of lubricating oil accumulates in the oil guide hole, under the action of the backlog of lubricating oil and the centrifugal force on the lubricating oil itself, the lubricating oil will be forced to be discharged from the outlet of the oil guide hole to between the connecting shaft and the first gear, forming a lubricating oil film between the connecting shaft and the first gear to force lubrication between the connecting shaft and the first gear. When the relative speed difference between the first gear and the connecting shaft is large, the lubricating oil film can reduce the friction between the two, thereby reducing the heat caused by the high relative speed difference, so that the connecting shaft and the first gear maintain normal rotational cooperation, avoid sintering problems between the connecting shaft and the first gear, and improve the reliability of the differential. In addition, the lubricating oil film can also conduct the friction heat between the connecting shaft and the first gear to the outside of the connecting shaft and the first gear in time to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0006] In addition, the mounting member of the present application is detachably connected to the plurality of connecting shafts, so that the assembly of the connecting shafts, the first gear and the mounting member in the housing is more convenient, which improves the convenience of assembly and disassembly of the differential, and is conducive to improving assembly efficiency and facilitating disassembly and maintenance.

[0007] In one possible implementation:

[0008] The differential also includes an oil guide pipe, the length direction of which is parallel to a preset direction, and the oil guide pipe includes an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end which are spaced apart, the oil inlet end is located outside the mounting member and is used to receive lubricating oil, the oil outlet end extends into the connecting hole, and along the preset direction, the center point of the end face of the oil outlet end corresponds to the inlet of the oil guide hole along the radial direction of the connecting hole, and the oil outlet end is used to transport lubricating oil to the oil guide hole.

[0009] In one possible implementation:

[0010] The mounting member comprises a mounting seat and an oil retaining flange, the mounting seat is provided with the connecting hole and a plurality of the mounting holes, at least one end of the mounting seat along the preset direction is provided with the oil retaining flange, and the oil retaining flange is convexly arranged on the hole surface of the connecting hole.

[0011] In one possible implementation:

[0012] The housing has a plurality of connection holes, which are respectively connected to the plurality of mounting holes, and the plurality of second parts extend into the plurality of connection holes. The differential also includes a plurality of fasteners, which respectively fix the plurality of second parts to the housing.

[0013] In one possible implementation:​​

[0014] The housing further defines a plurality of first fastening holes which extend along a preset direction and are respectively communicated with the plurality of connecting holes. A second fastening hole is defined in each of the plurality of second portions, and the plurality of second fastening holes are respectively communicated with the plurality of first fastening holes. Each fastener is received in one of the first fastening holes and the corresponding second fastening hole.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner:

[0016] The oil guiding hole includes a first hole section and a second hole section. The first hole section extends along the first center line from the end face of the first portion, and the second hole section penetrates from the side surface of the connecting shaft to communicate with the first hole section. The open end of the first hole section is configured as the inlet, and the open end of the second hole section is configured as the outlet.

[0017] The present application further provides a power assembly, including the aforementioned differential, driving mechanism and half shaft. The driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the differential. One end of the half shaft extends into the differential and is in transmission connection with the plurality of first gears of the differential.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner:

[0019] The differential further includes a second gear which is located in the receiving cavity and is arranged on one side of the mounting member along a preset direction. The second gear meshes with the plurality of first gears of the differential at the same time. The length direction of the half shaft is parallel to the preset direction. One end of the half shaft extends into the receiving cavity of the differential and is connected to the second gear. An oil inlet hole is defined in the half shaft, and the oil inlet hole is communicated with the communication hole and is used for delivering lubricating oil into the communication hole.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner:

[0021] The length direction of the oil inlet hole is parallel to the preset direction. The half shaft further defines a through hole which penetrates the outer surface of the half shaft and the hole surface of the oil inlet hole along the radial direction of the half shaft. The driving mechanism includes a driving shaft which defines a socket hole. The half shaft is received in the socket hole, and an oil inlet chamber is formed between the hole surface of the socket hole and the half shaft. The driving shaft further defines a through hole which penetrates the outer peripheral surface of the driving shaft and the hole surface of the socket hole along the radial direction of the driving shaft, and the through hole is communicated with the oil inlet chamber. The oil inlet chamber is communicated with the oil inlet hole through the through hole.

[0022] The present application further provides a vehicle, including the aforementioned differential and / or power assembly. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following accompanying drawings only show some embodiments of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application from another perspective.

[0026] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of a differential according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 For Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at V-V in

[0028] Figure 5 For Figure 4 Local enlarged structural schematic diagram at VI in

[0029] Figure 6 Exploded structural schematic diagram of a differential according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 7 For Figure 4 Local enlarged structural schematic diagram at VII in

[0031] Figure 8 For Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at IX-IX in

[0032] Figure 9 Local exploded structural schematic diagram of a differential according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 10 Partial cross-sectional view of a powertrain according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Main element symbol description:

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is considered to be "disposed on" another element, it can be directly disposed on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit this application. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0041] Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0042] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides a vehicle 1000, and the vehicle 1000 is a hybrid vehicle.

[0043] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 , the vehicle 1000 includes a chassis 200 and a body 400 connected to the chassis 200. Among them, the chassis 200 includes a powertrain 500, a drive shaft 201, two front wheels 202, two rear wheels 203, two front-wheel half shafts 300a and two rear-wheel half shafts 300b.

[0044] Among them, see Figure 2, the powertrain 500 includes an engine 501, a drive motor 502, a front axle differential 100a, and a rear axle differential 100b. The engine 501 can be a common internal combustion engine, which can convert the chemical energy of fuel (such as gasoline) into kinetic energy output. The drive motor 502 and the engine 501 together constitute the hybrid powertrain 500. The drive motor 502 includes a drive shaft 503. The drive shaft 503 can be connected to the front axle differential 100a and / or the rear axle differential 100b. For example, the output shaft of the drive motor 502 is connected to the front axle differential 100a, and the front axle differential 100a is connected to the two front wheels 202 through two front wheel half shafts 300a. At the same time, the output side of the powertrain 500 is also connected to the rear axle differential 100b through a drive shaft 201, and the rear axle differential 100b is connected to the two rear wheels 203 through two rear wheel half shafts 300b. In this way, the powertrain 500 can drive the front wheels 202 and the rear wheels 203 to rotate, realizing the driving of the vehicle 1000.

[0045] In this embodiment, the differential 100 is described by taking the front axle differential 100a directly connected to the drive shaft 503 as an example. Obviously, in other embodiments, the differential 100 can also be configured as the rear axle differential 100b indirectly connected to the drive shaft 503. In addition, the specific connection structures of the front axle differential 100a, the drive shaft 201, and the rear axle differential 100b can refer to the existing relevant structures, which will not be elaborated here.

[0046] See in conjunction with Figures 3 to 5 , the differential 100 includes a housing 10, a mounting member 20, a plurality of connecting shafts 30, and a plurality of first gears 40. The housing 10 defines a receiving cavity Q1. The mounting member 20 is disposed in the receiving cavity Q1. The mounting member 20 is provided with a communication hole K1. The communication hole K1 penetrates through the mounting member 20 along a preset direction X. The communication hole K1 is used for introducing lubricating oil. The communication hole K1 has a first center line L1, and the first center line L1 is parallel to the preset direction X. Among them, the preset direction X can be set as the width direction of the vehicle 1000. The mounting member 20 is also provided with a plurality of mounting holes K2 (seen in Figure 5) Multiple mounting holes K2 are distributed around the first center line L1. The multiple mounting holes K2 are all communicated with the communication hole K1. The multiple mounting holes K2 respectively have second center lines L2. The multiple second center lines L2 are coplanar, and the intersection points of the multiple second center lines L2 are on the first center line L1. The first center line L1 is perpendicular to the second center line L2. The multiple connecting shafts 30 each include a first portion 31 and a second portion 32. The first portion 31 is received in the mounting hole K2, and the second portion 32 is located outside the mounting member 20. One end of the second portion 32 is connected to the first portion 31, and the other end of the second portion 32 is connected to the housing 10. The multiple first gears 40 are respectively rotatably sleeved on the multiple second portions 32. A lubrication gap G is formed between the first gear 40 and the second portion 32, and the size of the lubrication gap G can be adjusted according to actual requirements. The multiple connecting shafts 30 are each provided with an oil guiding hole K3. The inlet K31 of the oil guiding hole K3 is communicated with the communication hole K1, and the outlet K32 of the oil guiding hole K3 is located on the side surface of the second portion 32. The oil guiding hole K3 is used to guide the lubricating oil in the communication hole K1 into the lubrication gap G.

[0047] When the vehicle 1000 is traveling smoothly, the power of the power assembly 500 is transmitted to the housing 10, so that the housing 10 rotates around the first center line L1, and is sequentially transmitted to the half shaft 300 and the wheels through the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40. The wheel resistances on both sides of the vehicle 1000 are relatively close, and the first gear 40 revolves around the first center line L1. When the vehicle 1000 is turning, a large resistance is generated between the wheels and the ground, causing the first gear 40 to rotate self, and two additional acting forces in opposite directions will be generated on the two wheels, slowing down the speed of the inner wheel and increasing the speed of the outer wheel, realizing the difference in the speeds of the two wheels.

[0048] When there are large differences in the road surface conditions of the left and right wheels, or when the starting torque rise slope of the electric drive system is large and the speed rises rapidly, a large inter-wheel differential is likely to occur, resulting in a large relative speed difference between the first gear 40 and the connecting shaft 30.

[0049] In this embodiment, when the differential 100 is working, the housing 10 rotates around the first center line L1. The mounting member 20 is fixedly connected to the housing 10 through a plurality of connecting shafts 30, so that the mounting member 20 rotates around the first center line L1 at the same time. Thus, the lubricating oil in the communication hole K1 is thrown into the oil guiding hole K3 under the action of centrifugal force. After a certain amount of lubricating oil accumulates in the oil guiding hole K3, under the backlog of the lubricating oil volume and the centrifugal force acting on the lubricating oil itself, the lubricating oil will be forced out from the outlet K32 of the oil guiding hole K3 to between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40, forming a lubricating oil film between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40 to perform forced lubrication between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40. When the relative rotational speed difference between the first gear 40 and the connecting shaft 30 is relatively large, the lubricating oil film can reduce the friction force between the two, thereby reducing the heat generated by the high relative rotational speed difference, keeping the normal rotational fit between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40, avoiding the sintering problem between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40, and improving the service reliability of the differential 100. Moreover, the lubricating oil film can also conduct the frictional heat between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40 to the outside of the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40 in time to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0050] At the same time, the communication hole K1 is communicated with a plurality of mounting holes K2, so that the lubricating oil can be simultaneously introduced into the oil guiding holes K3 of a plurality of connecting shafts 30, taking into account the lubrication requirements of a plurality of first gears 40. On this basis, by increasing the number of the first gears 40, the load borne by a single first gear 40 can be reduced, and the friction surface pressure between each first gear 40 and the connecting shaft 30 can be further reduced, improving the tolerance of the differential 100 to high speed difference working conditions.

[0051] For the above reasons, the vehicle 1000 can travel in complex driving environments such as split roads (i.e., the adhesion coefficients of the roads of the left and right wheels are different), and when the vehicle 1000 is trapped, the vehicle 1000 can also achieve the function of getting out of trouble by increasing the inter-wheel differential of the two wheels, thereby improving the driving stability and the ability to get out of trouble of the vehicle 1000 on split roads.

[0052] Moreover, the mounting member 20 and the plurality of connecting shafts 30 in this embodiment are detachably connected, making the assembly of the connecting shaft 30, the first gear 40 and the mounting member 20 in the housing 10 more convenient, improving the disassembly and assembly convenience of the differential 100, and being beneficial to improving the assembly efficiency and facilitating disassembly and maintenance.

[0053] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6, the housing 10 includes a first end plate 11, a second end plate 12, and a plurality of connecting blocks 13. The first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 are spaced apart along a preset direction X. The mounting member 20 is disposed between the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12. The plurality of connecting blocks 13 are wound around the outer periphery of the mounting member 20. The plurality of connecting blocks 13 all extend along the preset direction X. Both ends of the plurality of connecting blocks 13 are respectively connected to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and enclose a receiving cavity Q1. The first end plate 11, the second end plate 12, and the plurality of connecting blocks 13 are configured as an integrally formed structure. In this way, the overall strength of the housing 10 can be improved, and the operating stability and reliability of the differential 100 can be improved. At the same time, the mounting member 20, the plurality of connecting shafts 30, and the plurality of first gears 40 can all be inserted into the receiving cavity Q1 from the space between two adjacent connecting blocks 13, improving the disassembly and assembly convenience of the differential 100.

[0054] In some embodiments, the housing 10 is an integrally formed structure. When the differential 100 is working, the part of the housing 10 corresponding to the mounting member 20 along the preset direction X is subjected to relatively large forces from the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40. If the housing 10 is a split structure, it is necessary to increase the strength of the material of the housing 10 so that the housing 10 can meet the working strength requirements. For the integrally formed housing 10 in this embodiment, the housing 10 can also meet the strength requirements by using a material with slightly lower strength or being configured as a structure with a slightly thinner thickness. In this way, the weight and volume of the housing 10 can be further reduced, the applicable range of the differential 100 can be increased, and the production cost of the differential 100 can be reduced.

[0055] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the housing 10 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes K6. The plurality of connecting holes K6 are respectively communicated with the plurality of mounting holes K2. The plurality of second portions 32 respectively extend into the plurality of connecting holes K6. The differential 100 further includes a plurality of fasteners 60. The plurality of fasteners 60 respectively fix the plurality of second portions 32 to the housing 10. In this way, it is convenient for the fasteners 60 to fix the second portions 32 to the housing 10 at the connecting holes K6. At the same time, during the assembly process of the differential 100, the mounting member 20 can also be first installed in the receiving cavity Q1, and then the connecting shaft 30 can be passed through the connecting hole K6 from the outside of the housing 10 and extend into the mounting hole K2 to realize the installation of the connecting shaft 30 and the mounting member 20, further improving the disassembly and assembly convenience of the differential 100.

[0056] In some embodiments, the number of the connecting blocks 13 is the same as the number of the connecting shafts 30. Each of the plurality of connecting blocks 13 is provided with a connecting hole K6.

[0057] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7, the housing 10 is further provided with a plurality of first fastening holes K7, the plurality of first fastening holes K7 extend along a preset direction X, and the plurality of first fastening holes K7 communicate with the plurality of connection holes K6 respectively. Each of the plurality of second parts 32 is provided with a second fastening hole K8, the plurality of second fastening holes K8 communicate with the plurality of first fastening holes K7 respectively, and each fastener 60 is received in one first fastening hole K7 and its corresponding second fastening hole K8. In this way, the second part 32 can be fixed to the housing 10 through the fastener 60.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first fastening hole K7 and the second fastening hole K8 are both provided with internal threads, the fastener 60 is provided with external threads, and the fastener 60 is threadedly connected to the first fastening hole K7 and the second fastening hole K8. In other embodiments, the fastener 60 and the first fastening hole K7, the second fastening hole K8 can also be fixed by pin connection or spline connection.

[0059] In some embodiments, the number of the first fastening holes K7, the number of the second fastening holes K8 and the number of the connecting shafts 30 are the same. The plurality of first fastening holes K7 are respectively opened in the plurality of connecting blocks 13.

[0060] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 , an avoidance groove C1 is opened at the connection between the second end plate 12 and the connecting block 13 (which can also be seen in Figure 9 ), the avoidance groove C1 extends along the preset direction X, the first fastening hole K7 is opened on the bottom surface of the avoidance groove C1, and extends along the preset direction X towards the first end plate 11 to communicate with the connection hole K6.

[0061] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , the oil guiding hole K3 includes a first hole section K33 and a second hole section K34. The first hole section K33 extends along the axis of the connecting shaft 30 from the end surface of the first part 31, the second hole section K34 penetrates from the side surface of the connecting shaft 30 to communicate with the first hole section K33, the open end of the first hole section K33 is configured as an inlet K31, and the open end of the second hole section K34 is configured as an outlet K32. In this way, the first hole section K33 can be formed by machining from the end surface of the first part 31, and the second hole section K34 can be formed by machining from the side surface of the second part 32, making the machining of the oil guiding hole K3 relatively simple.

[0062] In other embodiments, the shape of the oil guiding hole K3 can also be configured as a curved shape. The forming method of the connecting shaft 30 can be formed by various methods such as machining and 3D printing.

[0063] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 8 , the aperture of the first hole section K33 is larger than the aperture of the second hole section K34. In this way, it is beneficial for the lubricating oil to be fed into the first hole section K33 from the communication hole K1. At the same time, the overall strength of the connecting shaft 30 is ensured, so that it can stably support the first gear 40.

[0064] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 8 , a plurality of second hole segments K34 may be provided. The plurality of second hole segments K34 may be distributed along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the first hole segment K33, so that the lubricating oil is evenly discharged between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40, improving the lubrication uniformity between the first gear 40 and the connecting shaft 30. Among them, two second hole segments K34 are located on the radial two sides of the first hole segment K33, and the center lines of the two second hole segments K34 coincide.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first hole segment K33 is provided with an outwardly expanding portion at the inlet K31 for guiding the lubricating oil into the oil guiding hole K3.

[0066] In some embodiments, please refer to again Figure 4 , the differential 100 further includes two second gears 50. The two second gears 50 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the mounting member 20 along the preset direction X. One of the two second gears 50 meshes with the regions of the plurality of first gears 40 on the side close to the first end plate 11 at the same time, and the other of the two second gears 50 meshes with the regions of the plurality of first gears 40 on the side close to the second end plate 12 at the same time. One of the second gears 50 is used to connect to one half shaft 300. The other second gear 50 is used to connect to the other half shaft 300. In this way, the two second gears 50 respectively drive the two half shafts 300 to rotate around the first center line L1, and then realize the simultaneous rotation of the two front wheels or the simultaneous rotation of the two rear wheels. In addition, when the vehicle 1000 turns, the two wheels simultaneously apply driving forces to both sides of each first gear 40 through their respective corresponding second gears 50, and then make the first gear 40 rotate around the second center line L2 of the connecting shaft 30, thereby adjusting the rotational speeds of the two wheels so that the two wheels rotate at different speeds, and then realizing the turning of the vehicle 1000.

[0067] In some embodiments, the number of connecting shafts 30 is the same as the number of first gears 40, and both are three.

[0068] In other embodiments, the number of connecting shafts 30 and the number of first gears 40 may also be set to four or more.

[0069] In some embodiments, the two second gears 50 and the plurality of first gears 40 are all bevel gears.

[0070] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4, the first end plate 11 is provided with a first mounting hole K9 penetrating along a preset direction X. The second end plate 12 is provided with a second mounting hole K10 penetrating along the preset direction X. The second gear 50 includes a connecting portion 51 and a gear portion 52. The connecting portion 51 is connected to the gear portion 52 and coaxially arranged, and can be configured as an integrally formed structure. The outer peripheral surface of the connecting portion 51 is a smooth surface. The connecting portion 51 of one of the two second gears 50 is received in the first mounting hole K9, and the gear portion 52 connected to the connecting portion 51 abuts against the first end plate 11. The connecting portion 51 of the other of the two second gears 50 is received in the second mounting hole K10, and the gear portion 52 connected to the connecting portion 51 abuts against the second end plate 12. In this way, the two second gears 50 are stably supported between the first end plate 11 or the second end plate 12 and the plurality of first gears 40 in the housing 10 along the preset direction X.

[0071] In other embodiments, the connecting portion 51 and the gear portion 52 can also be configured as a split structure.

[0072] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 , both of the two second gears 50 are provided with spline holes K4 penetrating along the preset direction X. The half shaft 300 of the vehicle 1000 (such as the front half shaft 300a or the rear half shaft 300b) is received in the spline hole K4 and is spline-connected to the second gear 50. In other embodiments, the half shaft 300 and the second gear 50 can also be connected by other connection methods such as pin connection and screw connection.

[0073] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 , the differential 100 further includes a plurality of first gaskets 81. The number of the first gaskets 81, the number of the connecting shafts 30, and the number of the first gears 40 are the same. The first gasket 81 is located between the first gear 40 and the housing 10. The first gasket 81 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the housing 10. For example, referring to Figure 7 , the first gasket 81 is fixed to the inner side surface of the connecting block 13. The inner side surface of the connecting block 13 is configured as an arc-shaped surface protruding radially outward along the communication hole K1. A plugging space C2 is defined between one end of the first gear 40 close to the housing 10 and the second portion 32 of the connecting shaft 30. The first gasket 81 includes a fitting piece 811 and a fitting ring 812. The fitting piece 811 is provided with a fitting hole K11, the second portion 32 passes through the fitting hole K11, and the fitting piece 811 is clamped between the first gear 40 and the connecting block 13. The fitting ring 812 is connected to the edge of the fitting piece 811 close to the fitting hole K11 and extends into the plugging space C2.

[0074] In some embodiments, an oil storage groove may be formed on the surface of the fitting piece 811 facing the first gear 40. The oil storage groove can store lubricating oil to achieve lubrication between the first gear 40 and the first gasket 81. Multiple oil storage grooves may be provided, and their shapes may be constructed in various shapes such as spiral, curved, annular, and linear extending along the radial direction of the connecting shaft 30.

[0075] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 , the differential 100 further includes two second gaskets 82. One second gasket 82 is clamped between one gear portion 52 and its corresponding first end plate 11, and the other second gasket 82 is clamped between the other gear portion 52 and its corresponding second end plate 12. The second gasket 82 can reduce the frictional force between the second gear 50 and the housing 10.

[0076] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 , the length direction of the half shaft 300 is parallel to the preset direction X. One end of the half shaft 300 extends into the receiving cavity Q1 of the differential 100 and is connected to the second gear 50. The half shaft 300 is provided with an oil inlet hole 301, and the oil inlet hole 301 communicates with the communication hole K1 and is used to convey lubricating oil into the communication hole K1.

[0077] In this way, the lubricating oil can be fed into the communication hole K1 through the oil inlet hole 301 of the half shaft 300. In other embodiments, the lubricating oil can also be conveyed into the communication hole K1 by providing an oil inlet passage in the housing 10.

[0078] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 , the differential 100 further includes an oil guide pipe 70. The length direction of the oil guide pipe 70 is parallel to the preset direction X. The oil guide pipe 70 includes an oil inlet end 71 and an oil discharge end 72 which are spaced apart. The oil inlet end 71 is located outside the mounting member 20 and is used to receive lubricating oil. The oil inlet end 71 is installed in the oil inlet hole 301. The oil discharge end 72 extends into the communication hole K1. Along the preset direction X, the center point of the end face of the oil discharge end 72 corresponds to the inlet K31 of the oil guide hole K3 along the radial direction of the communication hole K1. The oil discharge end 72 is used to convey lubricating oil into the oil guide hole K3. By additionally providing the oil guide pipe 70, the lubricating oil can be better guided into the communication hole K1, and the lubricating oil can be thrown into the oil guide hole K3 under the action of centrifugal force during the rotation of the housing 10, improving the oil feeding efficiency and reducing the possibility of the lubricating oil being thrown out of the communication hole K1. In addition, compared with the method of extending the half shaft 300 into the communication hole K1 in the prior art, the differential 100 of this embodiment does not need to modify the existing half shaft 300, which can reduce the modification cost.

[0079] In some embodiments, the plane where the oil discharge end 72 is located substantially coincides with the plane where the multiple second center lines L2 are located. In this way, the oil feeding efficiency is further improved.

[0080] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 , a stepped groove C3 is provided in the oil inlet hole 301 at the end of the half shaft 300. The oil inlet end 71 of the oil guide pipe 70 abuts against the bottom surface of the stepped groove C3, and the side surface of the oil guide pipe 70 fits with the side surface of the stepped groove C3. Thus, it is convenient to realize the sealed connection between the oil guide pipe 70 and the half shaft 300.

[0081] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 , the mounting member 20 includes a mounting seat 21 and an oil retaining flange 22. The mounting seat 21 is provided with a communication hole K1 and a plurality of mounting holes K2. At least one end of the mounting seat 21 along the preset direction X is provided with an oil retaining flange 22, and the oil retaining flange 22 protrudes from the hole surface of the communication hole K1.

[0082] After the lubricating oil enters the communication hole K1, when the housing 10 rotates, a centrifugal force is applied to the lubricating oil in the communication hole K1 to cause the lubricating oil to be thrown into the oil guiding hole K3. During the operation of the differential 100, some of the lubricating oil thrown onto the hole surface of the communication hole K1 may flow axially into the receiving cavity Q1 from the communication hole K1. After the oil retaining flange 22 is additionally provided, some of the lubricating oil will be blocked by the oil retaining flange 22 and can further flow back into the oil guiding hole K3. Thus, the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is improved, and it is ensured that most of the lubricating oil fed into the communication hole K1 can enter the oil guiding hole K3 to improve the lubrication efficiency between the connecting shaft 30 and the first gear 40.

[0083] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 , the mounting seat 21 is provided with an oil retaining flange 22 on the side close to the half shaft 300 provided with the oil inlet hole 301 along the preset direction X. The mounting seat 21 is not provided with an oil retaining flange 22 on the side close to the other half shaft 300 along the preset direction X. In some embodiments, the mounting seat 21 is provided with oil retaining flanges 22 on both sides along the preset direction X.

[0084] In some embodiments, in the radial cross-section of the communication hole K1, along the radial direction of the communication hole K1, the hole surface of the communication hole K1 is located inside the outer peripheral surface of the mounting seat 21. Thus, the loss amount of the lubricating oil from the gap between the communication hole K1 and the mounting seat 21 can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the lubricating oil is improved.

[0085] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 10 , the powertrain 500 further includes a housing and a transmission mechanism 504. The housing defines a chamber Q2. The differential 100 and the transmission mechanism 504 are both received in the chamber Q2. The housing is generally in a hemispherical structure, and the axis of the housing coincides with the axis of the communication hole K1.

[0086] Referring to Figure 10, the transmission mechanism 504 includes a sun gear 5041, a ring gear 5042, a plurality of planet gears 5043, and a plurality of reduction shafts 5044.

[0087] The outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 5042 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing. The ring gear 5042 and the housing can be fixedly connected through a tooth engagement structure. The inner peripheral surface of the ring gear 5042 is provided with internal teeth in a ring shape.

[0088] The sun gear 5041 is disposed in the chamber Q2, and the sun gear 5041 is connected to one end of the output shaft close to the differential 100. The axis of the sun gear 5041 coincides with the axis of the communication hole K1. The sun gear 5041 and the output shaft are coaxially arranged. In some embodiments, the sun gear 5041 can be configured as a tooth ring on the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft and integrally formed with the output shaft.

[0089] The axes of the plurality of reduction shafts 5044 are all parallel to the axis of the communication hole K1. The plurality of reduction shafts 5044 are distributed around the mounting member 20 and are spaced apart from the mounting member 20. One end of the reduction shaft 5044 is connected to the first end plate 11, and the other end of the reduction shaft 5044 is connected to the second end plate 12.

[0090] The number of planet gears 5043 is the same as the number of reduction shafts 5044. Each planet gear 5043 is rotatably sleeved on a reduction shaft 5044. The axes of the plurality of planet gears 5043 are all parallel to the axis of the communication hole K1. The plurality of planet gears 5043 are distributed around the sun gear 5041. The planet gear 5043 includes a first tooth portion 50431 and a second tooth portion 50432. The first tooth portion 50431 and the second tooth portion 50432 are connected and spaced apart along the preset direction X. The first tooth portions 50431 of the plurality of planet gears 5043 are all meshed with the sun gear 5041. The second tooth portions 50432 of the plurality of planet gears 5043 are all meshed with the internal teeth of the ring gear 5042.

[0091] In this way, by driving the sun gear 5041 to rotate through the driving motor 502, the plurality of planet gears 5043 can be driven to rotate around their rotation axis L1, and then the plurality of reduction shafts 5044 can be driven to rotate, so that the housing 10 rotates relative to the housing around the rotation axis L1, and the plurality of first gears 40 are driven to rotate around the rotation axis L1. Then, the two second gears 50 are driven to rotate around the rotation axis L1 through the plurality of first gears 40, so as to transmit the power output by the driving motor 502 to the two half shafts 300 (such as the front wheel half shaft 300a or the rear wheel half shaft 300b) connected to the two second gears 50.

[0092] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 10, the transmission mechanism 504 further includes a plurality of bearings 5045. A bearing 5045 is provided between the first tooth portion 50431 and the corresponding reduction shaft 5044. A bearing 5045 is provided between the second tooth portion 50432 and the corresponding reduction shaft 5044. The bearing 5045 can reduce the friction between the planet gear 5043 and the reduction shaft 5044, improve the rotation accuracy of the planet gear 5043, improve the transmission accuracy of the transmission mechanism 504, and reduce the energy transmission loss.

[0093] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 10 , the length direction of the oil inlet hole 301 is parallel to the preset direction X. The half shaft 300 is further provided with a through hole 302, and the through hole 302 penetrates through the outer surface of the half shaft 300 and the hole surface of the oil inlet hole 301 along the radial direction of the half shaft 300. The driving mechanism includes a driving shaft 503, the driving shaft 503 defines a socket hole 5031, the half shaft 300 is received in the socket hole 5031, and an oil inlet chamber Q3 is constructed between the hole surface of the socket hole 5031 and the half shaft 300. The driving shaft 503 is further provided with a through hole 5032, and the through hole 5032 penetrates through the outer peripheral surface of the driving shaft 503 and the hole surface of the socket hole 5031 along the radial direction of the driving shaft 503, and the through hole 5032 communicates with the oil inlet chamber Q3, and the oil inlet chamber Q3 communicates with the oil inlet hole 301 through the through hole 5032.

[0094] In this way, during the process of the driving motor 502 driving the driving shaft 503 to rotate, the lubricating oil can be pumped from the outside of the driving shaft 503 into the through hole 5032 under the action of the oil pump, and reach the oil inlet chamber Q3, and then flow into the oil inlet hole 301 through the through hole 302, realizing the delivery of the lubricating oil from the outside into the differential 100. In this embodiment, by coaxially arranging the driving shaft 503 and the half shaft 300, it is convenient to deliver the lubricating oil from the driving motor 502 into the half shaft 300, and it will not affect the rotation of the half shaft 300, ensuring the reliable driving of the vehicle 1000.

[0095] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of through holes 5032. The plurality of through holes 5032 are arranged in an array along the preset direction X and the circumferential direction of the driving shaft 503 on the shaft wall of the driving shaft 503. In this way, the delivery efficiency of the lubricating oil can be improved.

[0096] In some embodiments, the penetration direction of the through hole 5032 is perpendicular or obliquely intersects with the preset direction X.

[0097] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 10 , the power assembly 500 further includes a plug 700. The plug 700 is located at one end of the driving shaft 503 away from the differential 100. The plug 700 is used to block the socket hole 5031 to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing out from one end of the driving shaft 503 away from the differential 100.

[0098] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A differential, characterized in that: include: a housing, wherein the housing defines a receiving cavity; A mounting member, the mounting member is arranged in the receiving cavity, the mounting member is provided with a connecting hole, the connecting hole penetrates the mounting member along a preset direction, the connecting hole is used to introduce lubricating oil, the connecting hole has a first center line, the first center line is parallel to the preset direction, the mounting member is further provided with a plurality of mounting holes, the plurality of mounting holes are distributed around the first center line, the plurality of mounting holes are all connected with the connecting hole, the plurality of mounting holes respectively have a second center line, the plurality of second center lines are coplanar, and the intersection of the plurality of second center lines is on the first center line, and the first center line is perpendicular to the second center line; A plurality of connecting shafts and a plurality of first gears, wherein each of the plurality of connecting shafts comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is received in the mounting hole, the second portion is located outside the mounting member, one end of the second portion is connected to the first portion, and the other end of the second portion is connected to the housing, and the plurality of first gears are rotatably sleeved on the plurality of second portions; Multiple connecting shafts are provided with oil guide holes, the inlets of the oil guide holes are connected to the connecting holes, the outlets of the oil guide holes are located on the side of the second part, and the oil guide holes are used to guide the lubricating oil in the connecting holes to flow into the lubrication gap between the connecting shaft and the first gear.

2. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential also includes an oil guide pipe, the length direction of which is parallel to a preset direction, the oil guide pipe including an oil inlet end and an oil discharge end spaced apart from each other, the oil inlet end being located outside the mounting member and used for receiving lubricating oil, the oil discharge end extending into the connecting hole, along the preset direction, the center point of the end face of the oil discharge end corresponds to the inlet of the oil guide hole along the radial direction of the connecting hole, and the oil discharge end is used for conveying lubricating oil into the oil guide hole.

3. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting member includes a mounting seat and an oil-blocking flange, the mounting seat is provided with the connecting hole and a plurality of the mounting holes, at least one end of the mounting seat along a preset direction is provided with the oil-blocking flange, and the oil-blocking flange is protruding from the hole surface of the connecting hole.

4. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell has a plurality of connection holes, the plurality of connection holes are respectively connected to the plurality of mounting holes, and the plurality of second parts extend into the plurality of connection holes respectively; The differential further includes a plurality of fasteners, and the plurality of fasteners respectively fix the plurality of second parts to the housing.

5. The differential according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell further has a plurality of first fastening holes, the plurality of first fastening holes extend along a preset direction, and the plurality of first fastening holes are respectively connected to the plurality of connecting holes; The second parts are each provided with a second fastening hole, the second fastening holes are respectively connected to the first fastening holes, and each of the fasteners is received in one of the first fastening holes and the second fastening hole corresponding thereto.

6. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil guide hole includes a first hole segment and a second hole segment, the first hole segment extends from the end surface of the first part along the first center line, the second hole segment penetrates from the side surface of the connecting shaft to connect with the first hole segment, the open mouth of the first hole segment is configured as the inlet, and the open mouth of the second hole segment is configured as the outlet.

7. A powertrain, characterized in that: include: A differential as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6; A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the differential; A half shaft, one end of which extends into the differential and is drivingly connected to the plurality of first gears of the differential.

8. The powertrain according to claim 7, characterized in that: The differential further includes a second gear, the second gear is located in the receiving cavity and is arranged on one side of the mounting member along a preset direction, and the second gear is meshed with the plurality of first gears of the differential at the same time; The powertrain also includes a half shaft, the length direction of the half shaft is parallel to the preset direction, one end of the half shaft extends into the receiving cavity of the differential and is connected to the second gear, the half shaft is provided with an oil inlet hole, the oil inlet hole is connected to the connecting hole, and is used to transport lubricating oil to the connecting hole.

9. The power assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length direction of the oil inlet hole is parallel to the preset direction; The half shaft is also provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates the outer surface of the half shaft and the hole surface of the oil inlet hole along the radial direction of the half shaft; The driving mechanism includes a driving shaft, which defines a socket hole. The half shaft is accommodated in the socket hole. An oil inlet chamber is constructed between the hole surface of the socket hole and the half shaft. The driving shaft also has a through hole, which passes through the outer peripheral surface of the driving shaft and the hole surface of the socket hole in a radial direction of the driving shaft. The through hole is connected to the oil inlet chamber, and the oil inlet chamber is connected to the oil inlet hole through the through hole.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: A differential as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 and / or a powertrain as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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