Screw rod mounting structure applied to machine tool
By designing a screw mounting structure for fixed and floating bearings in the machine tool, the vibration problem caused by heat during high-speed movement is solved, and the accuracy and service life are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421339497.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-12
AI Technical Summary
In machine tools, the screw rods are deformed due to heat during high-speed movement, causing vibration, and reducing processing accuracy.
A screw mounting structure is designed, including a fixed bearing and a floating bearing. The floating bearing is fixed at one end of the screw away from the motor and does not limit it in axial direction, allowing axial displacement caused by heating during high-speed rotation.
Through the axial displacement of the floating bearing, the vibration of the screw is reduced, the processing accuracy is improved, and the service life is extended.
Smart Images
Figure CN222890940U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a screw rod installation structure used in machine tools. Background Art
[0002] Machine tools refer to machines used to manufacture machines, also known as machine tools or machine tools, and are usually referred to as machine tools. They are generally divided into metal cutting machine tools, forging machine tools, and woodworking machine tools. There are many methods for processing mechanical parts in modern machinery manufacturing: in addition to cutting, there are also casting, forging, welding, stamping, extrusion, etc. However, all parts with high precision requirements and fine surface roughness requirements generally need to be finally processed on machine tools by cutting methods. Machine tools play a major role in the construction of national economic modernization.
[0003] Machine tools need to be equipped with screws and bearings. Usually, when the screw is moving at high speed, it will deform due to heat, which will cause vibration and reduce the processing accuracy.
[0004] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is necessary to design a screw installation structure for use in machine tools to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a screw installation structure for use in a machine tool.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the technical solution provided by the utility model is: a screw installation structure used in a machine tool, comprising a motor, a screw, a fixed bearing, a floating bearing, a fixed bearing seat and a floating bearing seat, wherein the fixed bearing is sleeved on one end of the screw and fixedly mounted in the fixed bearing seat, and the floating bearing is fixedly mounted on one end of the screw and sleeved in the floating bearing seat; the output shaft of the motor and one end of the screw close to the fixed bearing are transmission-connected; when the screw generates heat due to high-speed rotation and axial stretching occurs, the floating bearing moves axially outward in the floating bearing seat with the screw to protect the screw.
[0007] The preferred technical solution is that the output shaft of the motor and the screw rod are connected via a coupling.
[0008] The preferred technical solution is: one end of the screw rod on which the floating bearing is installed is constructed as a step column structure and includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section, the small diameter section is arranged close to the end, a bearing spacer and the floating bearing are sequentially sleeved on the small diameter section, a bearing pressure cover is provided at the end of the small diameter section, and the bearing pressure cover locks the floating bearing on the screw rod.
[0009] A preferred technical solution is: the floating bearing seat is sleeved on the outer ring of the floating bearing, and a space is reserved at the end of the floating bearing seat for the bearing cover to move axially outward.
[0010] The preferred technical solution is that the bearing cover and the end of the screw rod are detachably fixedly connected by a locking bolt.
[0011] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0012] The screw rod installation structure used in machine tools provided by the utility model fixes a floating bearing on the end of the screw rod away from the motor, and configures a floating bearing installation seat for the floating bearing which does not axially limit the floating bearing, so that when the screw rod is stretched and deformed due to heat generated by high-speed rotation, the floating bearing can be axially displaced together with the screw rod, and continue to form radial limitations on the screw rod, thereby reducing vibration, improving precision and extending service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the screw rod installation structure involved in the utility model.
[0014] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the screw rod installation structure involved in the utility model.
[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.
[0017] See also Figure 1-Figure 3. It should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", and "overhanging" do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0018] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, it can be an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection, it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0019] According to an overall technical concept of the utility model, a screw installation structure for use in a machine tool is provided, comprising a motor 1, a screw 2, a fixed bearing 3, a floating bearing 4, a fixed bearing seat 5 and a floating bearing seat 6, wherein the fixed bearing 3 is sleeved on one end of the screw 2 and fixedly arranged in the fixed bearing seat 5 (specifically, one end of the screw 2 is inserted into the inner ring of the fixed bearing 3, and the outer ring of the fixed bearing 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed bearing seat 5), and the floating bearing 4 is fixedly arranged on the other end of the screw 2 and sleeved in the floating bearing seat 6 (specifically, the inner ring of the floating bearing 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the screw 2, and the outer ring of the floating bearing 4 is axially slidably connected to the floating bearing seat 6); the output shaft of the motor 1 is transmission-connected to one end of the screw 2 close to the fixed bearing 5; when the screw 2 is heated due to high-speed rotation and axial stretching occurs, the floating bearing 4 moves axially outward in the floating bearing seat 6 with the screw 2 to protect the screw 2.
[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the illustrated embodiment, the output shaft of the motor 1 and the screw rod 2 are connected via a coupling, and the coupling is used to realize the transmission between the motor 1 and the screw rod 2.
[0021] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in the embodiment shown in the figure, one end of the screw rod 2 where the floating bearing 6 is installed is constituted as a stepped column structure and includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section, the small diameter section is arranged near the end, the small diameter section is sequentially sleeved with a bearing spacer 7 and a floating bearing 4, the end of the small diameter section is provided with a bearing gland 8, and the bearing gland 8 locks the floating bearing 4 on the screw rod 2. The above structure is only one way to realize the fixed sleeve of the floating bearing 4 on the screw rod 2, and other ways to fix the floating bearing 4 on the screw rod 2 also fall within the protection scope of this application.
[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the illustrated embodiment, the floating bearing seat sleeve 6 is arranged on the outer ring of the floating bearing 4, and a space 61 is reserved at the end of the floating bearing seat 6 for the bearing cover 8 to move axially outward; that is, it is equivalent to not forming an axial limit on the screw rod 2, which can facilitate its axial outward movement due to stretching caused by heat when rotating at high speed.
[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the illustrated embodiment, the bearing cover 8 and the end of the screw rod 2 are detachably fixedly connected via locking bolts to facilitate replacement and maintenance of the floating bearing 4.
[0024] In addition, it should be noted that there are various types of bearings, and different types of bearings can be replaced as needed in actual use, for example:
[0025] Option 1:
[0026] The fixed bearing 3 adopts three angular contact ball bearings, and the floating bearing 4 adopts a cylindrical roller bearing and a ball screw bearing.
[0027] Option 2:
[0028] The fixed bearing 3 uses two tapered roller bearings. Note that they need to be installed back to back. The floating bearing 4 uses a cylindrical roller bearing and a tapered roller bearing.
[0029] Therefore, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0030] The screw rod installation structure used in machine tools provided by the utility model fixes a floating bearing on the end of the screw rod away from the motor, and configures a floating bearing installation seat for the floating bearing which does not axially limit the floating bearing, so that when the screw rod is stretched and deformed due to heat generated by high-speed rotation, the floating bearing can be axially displaced together with the screw rod, and continue to form radial limitations on the screw rod, thereby reducing vibration, improving precision and extending service life.
[0031] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or alter the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A screw rod installation structure used in a machine tool, characterized in that: It includes a motor, a screw, a fixed bearing, a floating bearing, a fixed bearing seat and a floating bearing seat. The fixed bearing is sleeved on one end of the screw and fixed in the fixed bearing seat, and the floating bearing is fixed on one end of the screw and sleeved in the floating bearing seat. The output shaft of the motor is transmission-connected to one end of the screw close to the fixed bearing. When the screw is heated due to high-speed rotation and axial stretching occurs, the floating bearing moves axially outward in the floating bearing seat with the screw to protect the screw.
2. The screw rod installation structure used in a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the motor and the lead screw are connected via a coupling.
3. The screw rod installation structure used in a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the screw rod on which the floating bearing is mounted is constituted as a stepped column structure and includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section. The small diameter section is arranged close to the end portion, and a bearing spacer and the floating bearing are sequentially sleeved on the small diameter section. A bearing pressure cover is provided at the end portion of the small diameter section, and the bearing pressure cover locks the floating bearing onto the screw rod.
4. The screw rod installation structure used in a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The floating bearing seat is sleeved on the outer ring of the floating bearing, and a space is reserved at the end of the floating bearing seat for the bearing cover to move axially outward.
5. The screw rod installation structure used in a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bearing gland and the end of the screw rod are detachably fixedly connected via a locking bolt.