Flat pressing type lining structure of high-pressure hydraulic tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flat pressing type lining structure of a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel, belongs to the technical field of tunnel lining design, and can solve the problem that surrounding rock is unstable due to the fact that an existing lining structure is prone to structural damage under the action of high pressure. The lining structure comprises an elastic supporting layer and a lining layer, wherein the elastic supporting layer is arranged along the inner wall of the tunnel by a circle; the lining layer is arranged on the inner side of the elastic supporting layer, and a water conveying channel is formed in the inner side of the lining layer; the flexible water storage layer is arranged between the elastic supporting layer and the lining layer, communicates with the water conveying channel and is used for containing water penetrating through the side wall of the lining layer. The utility model is used for building the high-pressure hydraulic tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a flat-pressure lining structure for a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel, belonging to the technical field of tunnel lining design. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy projects, high-pressure hydraulic tunnels are one of the common water conveyance structures. The inner wall is usually provided with a lining of a certain thickness. The lining can make the inner surface of the tunnel smooth and flat, thereby reducing the roughness of the waterway and reducing the head loss. When the tunnel is operating normally, the lining bears the internal water pressure and transmits part of the pressure to the external surrounding rock; when the tunnel is emptied, the lining bears the external surrounding rock pressure and external water pressure.

[0003] At present, there are two commonly used lining structures in high-pressure hydraulic tunnels, namely steel plate lining and reinforced concrete lining. When using steel plate lining, in order to ensure that the lining structure is not damaged by internal and external pressures, its thickness should be increased, which leads to a significant increase in construction costs. When using reinforced concrete lining, because concrete will crack under the action of large internal water pressure, water will penetrate into the surrounding rock through the cracks and be discharged outward through the surrounding rock, which can reduce the internal water pressure. This makes the reinforced concrete lining have a certain pressure regulating effect, but it has high requirements on the permeability and strength of the surrounding rock, so its scope of application is limited. At the same time, the infiltration of internal water will cause the steel bars in the reinforced concrete lining to rust, affecting the durability of the lining structure. When the infiltration of internal water is large, it is very easy to cause hydraulic fracturing of the surrounding rock, which seriously threatens the safe operation of the water conservancy project. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model provides a flat-pressure lining structure for a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel, which can solve the problem that the existing lining structure is prone to structural damage under high pressure and is prone to causing surrounding rock instability.

[0005] The utility model provides a flat-pressure lining structure for a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel, the lining structure comprising:

[0006] An elastic supporting layer is arranged around the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0007] A lining layer is arranged on the inner side of the elastic supporting layer, and a water conveyance channel is formed on the inner side of the lining layer;

[0008] The flexible water storage layer is arranged between the elastic support layer and the lining layer and is communicated with the water conveyance channel, and is used for accommodating water passing through the side wall of the lining layer.

[0009] Optionally, the lining structure further comprises:

[0010] The drainage layer is arranged between the elastic support layer and the inner wall of the tunnel, and is used to discharge the water seeping from the surrounding rock of the tunnel out of the tunnel.

[0011] Optionally, the flexible water storage layer comprises:

[0012] A plurality of flexible water storage members, each of which is disposed between the elastic support layer and the lining layer and has a water storage chamber formed therein;

[0013] A plurality of water diversion pipes are all provided on the lining layer and arranged along the circumferential direction and axial direction of the lining layer; and both ends of the water diversion pipes are respectively communicated with the water storage chamber and the water delivery channel.

[0014] Optionally, the flexible water storage member comprises:

[0015] The water storage bag is formed by two layers of waterproof materials stacked together;

[0016] The retractable bracket is arranged between two stacked layers of waterproof materials and connected to the waterproof materials, and is used to support the water storage bag.

[0017] Optionally, the drainage layer comprises:

[0018] A waterproof material is arranged between the elastic supporting layer and the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0019] The water-permeable hose is arranged between the waterproof material and the inner wall of the tunnel, and a plurality of through water-permeable holes are arranged on the hose wall, and the end portion thereof is communicated with the outside of the tunnel.

[0020] Optionally, the drainage layer further comprises:

[0021] The water-permeable material is filled between the waterproof material and the inner wall of the tunnel and wraps the water-permeable hose.

[0022] Optionally, the retractable bracket is in a wave shape or a broken line shape.

[0023] Optionally, the sum of the areas occupied by the multiple water diversion pipes on the inner wall of the lining layer is less than half of the area of ​​the inner wall of the lining layer.

[0024] Optionally, the lining structure further comprises:

[0025] The supporting layer is arranged along the inner wall of the tunnel; and the drainage layer is arranged on the supporting layer.

[0026] At the same time, the utility model provides a construction method of a flat-pressure lining structure for a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel based on any one of the above, the method comprising:

[0027] S1. A support layer, a drainage layer, an elastic support layer, a flexible water storage layer and a reinforced concrete lining layer are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0028] S2. When the concrete strength of the reinforced concrete lining layer reaches a preset strength, a preset pressure is provided to the flexible water storage layer until the concrete strength of the reinforced concrete lining layer reaches a standard strength, and then the flexible water storage layer is depressurized; the preset strength is less than the standard strength.

[0029] The beneficial effects that the utility model can produce include:

[0030] The utility model arranges a flexible water storage layer connected to the water conveyance channel on the outside of the lining layer, and utilizes the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the lining layer to make water flow between the water conveyance channel and the flexible water storage layer, so as to realize automatic adjustment and balance of the internal and external pressures of the lining layer, effectively avoid structural damage of the lining layer under the action of high internal water pressure, and at the same time avoid water seepage into the surrounding rock and affect the stability of the surrounding rock, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the high-pressure hydraulic tunnel.

[0031] The utility model provides a certain deformation space for the flexible water storage layer by arranging an elastic support layer, so that the flexible water storage layer has a certain pressure adjustment range. In this way, by selecting elastic support layers with different compression characteristics, the flexible water storage layer can obtain different pressure adjustment ranges; at the same time, the elastic support layer can also play a buffering role in the deformation process of the flexible water storage layer, avoiding excessive damage to the flexible water storage layer.

[0032] The utility model provides a retractable bracket, which can, on the one hand, support the water storage bag, so that the water storage bag can be quickly installed in place during the construction process, and the water storage bag can be quickly deformed with the change of water pressure during operation; on the other hand, the deformation of the water storage bag can be controlled by utilizing the expansion and contraction amount of the retractable bracket, so as to control the pressure adjustment range, effectively preventing the water storage bag from being excessively deformed due to excessive water storage, and avoiding damage to the water storage bag due to excessive deformation.

[0033] The utility model can effectively prevent water in the surrounding rock from penetrating into the elastic support layer by arranging the drainage layer, while exerting the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, thereby preventing water from corroding and damaging the structure of the elastic support layer and affecting the durability of the elastic support layer.

[0034] The utility model applies continuous pre-pressure to the outer wall of the reinforced concrete lining layer during the construction process, so that the concrete is always in a compressed state before the construction is completed, thereby ensuring that the concrete is in a compressed state or is only subjected to a small tensile stress during the operation of the tunnel. This not only enables the concrete to have better structural performance, but also reduces the amount of steel bars used and saves construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flat pressure lining structure for a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 The embodiment of the utility model provides Figure 1 A-direction cross-sectional view;

[0037] Figure 3 The embodiment of the utility model provides Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a retractable bracket provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the drainage elevation of the surrounding rock surface provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 6 The embodiment of the utility model provides Figure 5 C-section diagram;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of an elastic support layer in a non-vertical tunnel provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Support layer; 2. Drainage layer; 21. Waterproof material; 22. Permeable material; 23. Nails; 24. Permeable hose; 3. Elastic support layer; 31. Compressible material; 4. Flexible water storage layer; 41. Water diversion pipe; 42. Water storage bag; 43. Retractable bracket; 44. Soluble glue; 5. Lining layer; 51. Steel bars; 6. Water transfer channel; 7. Excavation surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0045] The utility model provides a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel flat pressure type lining structure, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the lining structure comprises:

[0046] An elastic supporting layer 3 is arranged along the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0047] A lining layer 5 is arranged on the inner side of the elastic support layer 3, and a water conveyance channel 6 is formed on the inner side of the lining layer 5;

[0048] The flexible water storage layer 4 is arranged between the elastic supporting layer 3 and the lining layer 5 and is communicated with the water conveying channel 6 to accommodate water passing through the side wall of the lining layer 5 .

[0049] By arranging a flexible water storage layer 4 connected to the water conveyance channel 6 on the outside of the lining layer 5, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the lining layer 5 can be used to make water flow between the water conveyance channel 6 and the flexible water storage layer 4, thereby realizing real-time automatic adjustment and balance of the internal and external pressures of the lining layer 5, effectively avoiding structural damage of the lining layer 5 under the action of high internal water pressure, and at the same time avoiding water in the water conveyance channel 6 from infiltrating into the surrounding rock and affecting the stability of the surrounding rock, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the high-pressure hydraulic tunnel.

[0050] Specifically, the lining layer 5 is cylindrical in shape; the material of the lining layer 5 is reinforced concrete; and the thickness of the lining layer 5 is 30 cm to 80 cm.

[0051] In this embodiment, the lining layer 5 is a cylindrical structure, made of reinforced concrete, and has a thickness of 40 cm. For example, the steel bars 51 in the lining layer 5 may be HRB400, with a diameter of 22 mm, an arrangement spacing of 20 cm, and a concrete grade of C30.

[0052] Specifically, the flexible water storage layer 4 may include:

[0053] A plurality of flexible water storage members are arranged between the elastic support layer 3 and the lining layer 5, and a water storage chamber is formed therein;

[0054] A plurality of water diversion pipes 41 are all provided on the lining layer 5 and arranged along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the lining layer 5 ; two ends of each water diversion pipe 41 are respectively connected with the water storage chamber and the water delivery channel 6 .

[0055] Specifically, the flexible water storage member may include:

[0056] The water storage bag 42 is formed by enclosing two layers of waterproof material 21 stacked together; a plurality of water storage bags 42 are arranged around the outer wall of the lining layer 5 .

[0057] The present invention does not limit the specific shape of the water storage bag 42 .

[0058] Preferably, the water storage bag 42 in this embodiment is in the shape of a ring. The ring-shaped water storage bag 42 can be integrally mounted on the lining layer 5. After storing water, uniform pressure can be applied to the outer wall of the lining layer 5 to prevent the lining layer 5 from being affected by uneven force and affecting the stability of the structure.

[0059] Specifically, the lining layer 5 is usually arranged in sections. To facilitate the construction of the water storage bag 42 and to facilitate the repair or replacement of the water storage bag 42 when it is damaged, the length of the annular water storage bag 42 along the axial direction of the tunnel can be set to match the segment length of the lining layer 5. When a water storage bag 42 is damaged, only the corresponding segment structure on the lining layer 5 can be constructed to complete the repair or replacement of the damaged water storage bag 42, which can avoid the repair or replacement process causing significant damage to the lining layer 5 and affecting the stability of the lining layer 5.

[0060] Specifically, the lining layer 5 in this embodiment is a reinforced concrete lining layer, and the length of the annular water storage bag 42 along the axial direction of the tunnel matches the length of the concrete compartments of the reinforced concrete lining layer along the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0061] Specifically, the flexible water storage member may also include:

[0062] The retractable bracket 43 is disposed between two stacked layers of waterproof material 21 and connected to the waterproof material 21 to support the water storage bag 42 .

[0063] By providing a retractable bracket 43, on the one hand, the water storage bag 42 can be supported, so that the water storage bag 42 can be quickly installed in place during the construction process, and the water storage bag 42 can be quickly deformed with the change of water pressure during operation; on the other hand, the deformation of the water storage bag 42 can be controlled by utilizing the expansion and contraction amount of the retractable bracket 43, thereby controlling the pressure adjustment range; at the same time, the retractable bracket 43 can prevent the water storage bag 42 from being excessively deformed due to excessive water storage, thereby preventing the water storage bag 42 from being damaged due to excessive pressure and excessive deformation.

[0064] Specifically, the material of the retractable bracket 43 may be steel wire, and its shape may be wavy or broken line, which shape can enable the retractable bracket 43 to have a spring-like retractable function.

[0065] The utility model does not limit the setting direction of the retractable bracket 43. For example, the retractable bracket 43 can be set to be retracted along the radial direction of the tunnel, can be set to be retracted along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, or can be set to be retracted along the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0066] Specifically, the water storage bag 42 in this embodiment is formed by enclosing and splicing two layers of waterproof materials 21 stacked together, and the retractable bracket 43 is arranged between the two layers of waterproof materials 21. Figure 4 As shown, a wavy or broken-line steel wire is arranged between the two layers of waterproof material 21 , and the steel wire is connected to the waterproof material 21 , and can drive the waterproof material 21 to stretch or shrink when being pulled or compressed.

[0067] The utility model does not limit the specific types of the waterproof material 21 and the steel wire. For example, the waterproof material 21 can be a polyethylene geomembrane, and its thickness can be 2 mm; the steel wire can be HPB300, and its diameter can be 5 mm; the shape of the steel wire can be a broken line, and the broken line angle can be 60°; the number of steel wires can be multiple, and the spacing between them can be 15 cm; the waterproof material 21 and the steel wire can be connected by jump welding.

[0068] Specifically, in order to prevent the waterproof material 21 of the water storage bag 42 from shifting during assembly and the construction of the lining layer 5, in this embodiment, when assembling the water storage bag 42, the two layers of waterproof material 21 in the inner cavity of the water storage bag 42 can be bonded by soluble glue 44, such as Figure 3 As shown, there can be multiple bonding points, which are spaced and evenly distributed. After the lining structure is constructed, water is injected into the water storage bag 42 to dissolve the soluble glue 44, thereby releasing the bonding between the two layers of waterproof material 21.

[0069] Specifically, multiple water pipes 41 are evenly arranged along the circumferential and axial directions of the lining layer 5, which is conducive to the rapid and uniform flow of water between the water delivery channel 6 and the water storage bag 42 under pressure, thereby achieving a rapid balance of internal and external pressures. Especially when the tunnel is a non-vertical tunnel, even if the water does not fill the water delivery channel 6, the water can still flow into the water storage bag 42 through the water pipes 41 located below the tunnel, so that the internal and external pressures are balanced, achieving the purpose of real-time pressure regulation.

[0070] At the same time, the sum of the areas occupied by the multiple water pipes 41 on the inner wall of the lining layer 5 is less than half of the inner wall area of ​​the lining layer 5. This can ensure that the internal and external pressures of the lining layer 5 are quickly and evenly adjusted, and can also prevent the lining layer 5 from having too many openings, which may affect its structural stability and durability.

[0071] Specifically, the length of the water diversion pipe 41 can match the thickness of the lining layer 5, and the diameter of the water diversion pipe 41 can be determined according to the specific project. In this embodiment, the diameter of the water diversion pipe 41 is 5 cm to 10 cm.

[0072] Specifically, the elastic support layer 3 is a compressible material 31 with a certain thickness, whose compression modulus can be 1MPa-10MPa, and whose thickness can be determined according to the specific project. In this embodiment, the thickness of the compressible material 31 is 10cm-30cm.

[0073] By setting the elastic support layer 3, the compression characteristics of the elastic support layer 3 can be used to provide a certain deformation space for the flexible water storage layer 4, so that the flexible water storage layer 4 has a certain pressure adjustment range. Therefore, by selecting elastic support layers 3 with different compression characteristics, the flexible water storage layer 4 can obtain different pressure adjustment ranges. For example, if a harder elastic support layer 3 is selected, due to its lower elasticity, a smaller deformation space can be provided for the flexible water storage layer 4 when the pressure is lower, so that the pressure adjustment range of the flexible water storage layer 4 is also smaller; if a softer elastic support layer 3 is selected, due to its higher elasticity, a larger deformation space can be provided for the flexible water storage layer 4 when the pressure is lower, so that the pressure adjustment range of the flexible water storage layer 4 is also larger. In addition, the response time of the elastic support layer 3 of different materials to the pressure is also different, so that the time required for the lining layer 5 to achieve internal and external flat pressure is also different, so the flat pressure time can be adjusted by selecting elastic support layers 3 with different compression characteristics. In practice, the material of the elastic support layer 3 can be determined according to the specific pressure regulation requirements in the project.

[0074] At the same time, the elastic support layer 3 can also play a buffering and decelerating role in the deformation process of the flexible water storage layer 4, making the deformation process of the flexible water storage layer 4 more stable and avoiding excessive damage of the flexible water storage layer 4 due to excessive deformation.

[0075] Preferably, if Figure 7 As shown, when the tunnel is a non-vertical tunnel, the bottom thickness of the elastic support layer 3 can be greater than its top thickness and thickness on both sides, so that when the lining layer 5 is installed in place, the gravity of the lining layer 5 will compress the bottom of the elastic support layer 3, and the bottom thickness of the compressed elastic support layer 3 can match its top thickness and thickness on both sides, so that the thickness distribution of the elastic support layer 3 is uniform, and the lining layer 5 can be coaxially arranged with the elastic support layer 3, so that the pressure inside and outside the lining layer 5 can be evenly transmitted, which is beneficial to the stable operation of the lining layer 5.

[0076] The utility model does not limit the specific material and setting parameters of the elastic support layer 3. For example, the material of the elastic support layer 3 can be polyurethane cork, and the compression mold can be 2MPa; when the tunnel is a non-vertical tunnel, the thickness of the elastic support layer 3 within the range of 60° along the circumferential direction on both sides of the lowest point on the cross section is 24cm, and the thickness of the remaining parts is 20cm.

[0077] Specifically, the lining structure may also include:

[0078] The drainage layer 2 is arranged between the elastic supporting layer 3 and the inner wall of the tunnel, and is used to discharge the water seeping from the surrounding rock of the tunnel out of the tunnel.

[0079] By providing the drainage layer 2 , while exerting the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, the water in the surrounding rock can be effectively prevented from penetrating into the elastic support layer 3 , thereby preventing water from corroding and damaging the structure of the elastic support layer 3 and affecting the durability of the elastic support layer 3 .

[0080] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the drainage layer 2 may include:

[0081] Waterproof material 21, arranged between the elastic support layer 3 and the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0082] The water-permeable hose 24 is arranged between the waterproof material 21 and the inner wall of the tunnel, and has a plurality of water-permeable holes on its wall, and its end is connected to the outside of the tunnel. Water seeping from the surrounding rock flows into the water-permeable hose 24 through the water-permeable holes, and is discharged out of the tunnel through the water-permeable hose 24.

[0083] Specifically, after the end of the permeable hose 24 is led out of the tunnel nearby, it can be connected to the inspection hole, drainage corridor, factory water collection well, etc. through the drainage main.

[0084] Specifically, there is at least one water-permeable hose 24. In this embodiment, two water-permeable hoses 24 are provided. The two water-permeable hoses 24 can serve as backup for each other. When one water-permeable hose 24 is blocked or damaged, the other water-permeable hose 24 can continue to drain water.

[0085] Preferably, when the tunnel is a non-vertical tunnel, the permeable hose 24 can be arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the tunnel, which is conducive to collecting water seeping from the surrounding rock.

[0086] Specifically, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the drainage layer 2 may also include:

[0087] The water-permeable material 22 is filled between the waterproof material 21 and the inner wall of the tunnel, and wraps the water-permeable hose 24 .

[0088] On the one hand, the permeable material 22 has a diversion function, which can guide the water seeping out of the surrounding rock to flow into the permeable hose 24; on the other hand, it can isolate the permeable hose 24 from the surrounding rock of the tunnel and filter the water seeping out of the surrounding rock to prevent the mud and sand particles carried in the water from clogging the permeable holes of the permeable hose 24; at the same time, the permeable material 22 is flexible and can fill the potholes on the inner wall of the tunnel, making the inner wall of the tunnel smoother, which is conducive to the installation of structures such as the elastic support layer 3.

[0089] Specifically, the length of the permeable material 22 and the waterproof material 21 along the circumferential direction of the tunnel should be greater than the circumference of the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the permeable material 22 and the waterproof material 21 can adapt to the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock and the elastic support layer 3 under the action of the internal water pressure, and avoid the permeable material 22 and the waterproof material 21 from being damaged due to excessive tension.

[0090] Specifically, the length of the water-permeable material 22 and the waterproof material 21 along the circumferential direction of the tunnel is greater than or equal to 1.03 times to 1.1 times the circumference of the inner wall of the tunnel, and for example, may be 1.05 times.

[0091] Specifically, the tensile strength of the water-permeable material 22 is greater than or equal to 30 MPa, and the permeability coefficient is greater than or equal to 1×10 - 2 cm / s; the tensile strength of the waterproof material 21 is greater than or equal to 30MPa, and the permeability coefficient is greater than or equal to 1×10 -11 cm / s.

[0092] The specific materials of the water-permeable material 22 and the waterproof material 21 can be determined according to the actual project. For example, the water-permeable material 22 can be a needle-punched non-woven geotextile with a thickness of 1 mm; the waterproof material 21 can be a polyethylene geomembrane with a thickness of 2 mm.

[0093] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the water-permeable material 22 can be fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel by nailing 23.

[0094] In this embodiment, multiple rows of nails 23 are arranged, and the row spacing can be 1-3m.

[0095] Specifically, a hot-melt pad is provided at one end of each nail 23 away from the tip, and the waterproof material 21 is connected to the hot-melt pad by welding.

[0096] During installation, the water-permeable material 22 is first fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel by using a plurality of nails 23, and then the waterproof material 21 is fixedly connected to the hot-melt pads on the nails 23 by welding.

[0097] Specifically, the nail 23 can be a steel nail, the length can be 25 cm to 35 cm, and the diameter of the hot-melt pad can be 50 mm to 70 mm.

[0098] Specifically, the lining structure may also include:

[0099] Support layer 1, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it is arranged along the inner wall of the tunnel; the drainage layer 2 is arranged on the supporting layer 1.

[0100] Specifically, the material of the supporting layer 1 is concrete.

[0101] Specifically, the concrete thickness of the support layer 1 may be 10 cm to 20 cm, and the concrete grade may be C15, C20 or C25. During construction, a certain thickness of concrete may be sprayed on the excavation surface 7 after the tunnel is excavated.

[0102] Another embodiment of the utility model provides a construction method based on any of the above-mentioned flat-pressure lining structures of a high-pressure hydraulic tunnel, the method comprising:

[0103] S1. A support layer 1, a drainage layer 2, an elastic support layer 3, a flexible water storage layer 4 and a reinforced concrete lining layer are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0104] S2. When the concrete strength of the reinforced concrete lining layer reaches a preset strength, a preset pressure is provided to the flexible water storage layer 4 until the concrete strength of the concrete lining layer reaches a standard strength, and then the flexible water storage layer 4 is depressurized; the preset strength is less than the standard strength.

[0105] By providing a preset pressure to the flexible water storage layer 4 during the construction process, the stress state of the concrete can be effectively controlled, so that the reinforced concrete lining layer is always in a compressive state before the construction is completed, thereby ensuring that the reinforced concrete lining layer is in a compressive state or only subjected to a small tensile stress during the operation of the tunnel. Since the compressive properties of concrete are better than its tensile properties, this can enable the concrete to have better structural properties. At the same time, it can also reduce the amount of steel bars 51 used to enhance the performance of concrete, which is beneficial to saving construction costs.

[0106] In this embodiment, the above construction method may specifically include:

[0107] 1. After the tunnel is excavated, a certain thickness of concrete is sprayed on the excavation surface 7 of the surrounding rock to form a supporting layer 1.

[0108] 2. Use multiple nails 23 to fix the permeable material 22 on the supporting layer 1; then set a permeable hose 24 on the permeable material 22, and make the permeable material 22 wrap the permeable hose 24; then weld the waterproof material 21 to the hot-melt pads at the ends of the multiple nails 23 to form a drainage layer 2.

[0109] 3. Paste a compressible material 31 with a certain thickness onto the waterproof material 21 of the drainage layer 2 to form an elastic supporting layer 3.

[0110] 4. The water storage bag 42 assembled with the soluble glue 44 is arranged inside the elastic support layer 3, and one end of the water guide pipe 41 is connected to the water storage bag 42 to form a flexible water storage layer 4.

[0111] 5. Tie steel bars 51 on the inner side of the flexible water storage layer 4 and pour concrete to form a reinforced concrete lining layer.

[0112] 6. When the concrete strength of the reinforced concrete lining layer reaches 70% of the standard strength, water is injected into the water storage bag 42 through the water pipe 41 located at the top of the tunnel. The soluble gel 44 dissolves in water, and the dissolved water is discharged through other water pipes 41. The water injection process lasts about 5 minutes.

[0113] 7. Connect one water pipe 41 to the pressure supply device, and temporarily close the openings of the other water pipes 41; then turn on the pressure supply device, and gradually provide a certain air pressure or water pressure to the water storage bag 42 until the preset pressure is reached and the preset pressure is maintained, so as to achieve continuous pre-pressure on the outer wall of the reinforced concrete lining layer; maintain the preset pressure until the concrete strength reaches the standard strength, and then slowly release the pressure step by step. In this embodiment, the preset pressure should be less than or equal to 1MPa.

[0114] Through the above method, the stress state of the reinforced concrete lining layer can be effectively controlled, which is beneficial to improving the structural performance of the reinforced concrete lining layer.

[0115] The above are only a few embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Although the present application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technician familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, using the technical content disclosed above to make slight changes or modifications are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A flat pressure lining structure for a high pressure hydraulic tunnel, characterized in that: The lining structure comprises: An elastic supporting layer is arranged around the inner wall of the tunnel; A lining layer is arranged on the inner side of the elastic supporting layer, and a water conveyance channel is formed on the inner side of the lining layer; The flexible water storage layer is arranged between the elastic support layer and the lining layer and is communicated with the water conveyance channel, and is used for accommodating water passing through the side wall of the lining layer.

2. The lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lining structure further comprises: The drainage layer is arranged between the elastic support layer and the inner wall of the tunnel, and is used to drain the water seeping from the surrounding rock of the tunnel out of the tunnel.

3. The lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible water storage layer comprises: A plurality of flexible water storage members, each of which is disposed between the elastic support layer and the lining layer and has a water storage chamber formed therein; A plurality of water diversion pipes are all arranged on the lining layer, and two ends of the water diversion pipes are respectively communicated with the water storage chamber and the water delivery channel.

4. The lining structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flexible water storage member comprises: The water storage bag is formed by two layers of waterproof materials stacked together; The retractable bracket is arranged between two stacked layers of waterproof materials and connected to the waterproof materials, and is used to support the water storage bag.

5. The lining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage layer comprises: A waterproof material is arranged between the elastic supporting layer and the inner wall of the tunnel; The water-permeable hose is arranged between the waterproof material and the inner wall of the tunnel, and a plurality of through water-permeable holes are arranged on the hose wall, and the end portion thereof is communicated with the outside of the tunnel.

6. The lining structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drainage layer also includes: The water-permeable material is filled between the waterproof material and the inner wall of the tunnel and wraps the water-permeable hose.

7. The lining structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shape of the retractable bracket is wave-shaped or broken-line-shaped.

8. The lining structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The total area occupied by the multiple water diversion pipes on the inner wall of the lining layer is less than half of the inner wall area of ​​the lining layer.

9. The lining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lining structure further comprises: The supporting layer is arranged along the inner wall of the tunnel; and the drainage layer is arranged on the supporting layer.

Images