Insulating medium structure capable of reducing reflection loss and electric connector
By setting pits and through holes on the insulating medium layer and adjusting the characteristic impedance, the problem of large reflection loss in high-speed and high-frequency signal transmission of vehicle-mounted Ethernet connectors is solved, and stable transmission of signals in the order of 10Gbit/s is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421759646.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-24
AI Technical Summary
When the transmission rate of existing vehicle-mounted Ethernet connectors increases to the order of 10Gbit/s and the basic frequency increases by more than 4GHz, the reflection loss is large and cannot meet the high-speed and high-frequency signal transmission requirements.
The insulating dielectric layer is provided with pits and through holes to adjust the characteristic impedance and thereby reduce reflection loss.
By adjusting the characteristic impedance of the insulating dielectric layer, the reflection loss is reduced, so that the connector can meet the signal transmission requirements when the transmission rate is increased to the order of 10Gbit/s and the basic frequency is increased by more than 4GHz.
Smart Images
Figure CN222896906U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reducing reflection loss of an electric connector, in particular to an insulating medium structure and an electric connector for reducing reflection loss. Background Art
[0002] Automotive electrical connectors are key components for in-vehicle signal transmission and are widely used in in-vehicle imaging systems, detection systems, and assisted driving systems. With the rapid development of electrification, intelligence, networking, and sharing of automobiles, in-vehicle communications are becoming increasingly frequent. How to reduce the return loss of high-speed links, ensure distortion-free signal transmission, and ensure driving safety has become a challenge and development direction for in-vehicle Ethernet and other types of electrical connectors.
[0003] The in-vehicle Ethernet connectors on the market are currently divided into wiring harness plug connectors, wiring harness socket connectors, and PCB board-end connectors. Their basic structure is composed of a sheath, a shielding shell, an insulating medium, and an internal signal terminal. The insulating medium is installed inside the shielding shell to isolate the shielding layer and the internal signal terminal, and at the same time plays a role in adjusting the characteristic impedance. The signal terminal is located in the center of the insulating medium and together with the outer shielding layer forms a signal transmission loop. During signal transmission, the connector and the signal link in which it is located will experience a certain amount of signal energy reflection (Return Loss), and the reflection loss (Return Loss) will increase with the increase of the signal frequency, as shown in the attached figure of the specification. Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. Although the basic structural frameworks of various signal connectors on the market are similar, there are great differences in the signal integrity design solutions inside the connectors. In the previous low-speed vehicle-mounted signal transmission below 1Gbit / s, the signal integrity solutions of various signal connectors can meet the transmission requirements of low-speed signals. However, as the vehicle-mounted signal transmission rate increases to the order of 10Gbit / s and the basic frequency increases to more than 4GHz, the reflection loss is large, and the connectors on the market basically cannot meet the above high-speed and high-frequency signal transmission requirements. Therefore, how to reduce the reflection loss so that the connector can meet the signal transmission requirements when the transmission rate is increased to the order of 10Gbit / s and the basic frequency is increased to more than 4GHz is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the utility model proposes an insulating medium structure and an electrical connector for reducing reflection loss, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the reflection loss in the signal transmission process of the connector is large, making the connector unable to meet the signal transmission requirements when the transmission rate is increased to the order of 10Gbit / s and the basic frequency is increased to above 4GHz.
[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows: an insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss comprises an insulating medium layer for sleeved on a terminal, wherein the insulating medium layer is provided with pits for adjusting characteristic impedance.
[0006] Preferably, at least two pits are arranged on the insulating dielectric layer, and the at least two pits are arranged along the length direction of the insulating dielectric layer.
[0007] Preferably, the insulating dielectric layer is provided with a through hole.
[0008] Preferably, at least two pits are arranged along the width direction of the insulating dielectric layer, and the through hole is located between two adjacent pits in the width direction.
[0009] Preferably, at least two terminals are inserted into the insulating medium layer.
[0010] An electrical connector comprises a sheath, a shielding shell, a terminal and the above-mentioned insulating medium structure, wherein the insulating medium structure is sleeved on the terminal, the sheath is engaged with the shielding shell, a socket is provided on the shielding shell, the terminal sleeved with the insulating medium structure is matched with the socket, and the shielding shell is provided with a stop structure for fixing the terminal position.
[0011] Preferably, the stopping structure comprises a fixing plate and a fixing groove on the shielding shell, the fixing plate and the fixing groove are interference fit, and the direction in which the fixing plate is inserted into the fixing groove is perpendicular to the direction in which the terminal is inserted into the shielding shell.
[0012] Preferably, the terminal includes a first inner signal terminal and a second inner signal terminal, the insulating medium structure includes a first insulating medium structure and a second insulating medium structure, the first insulating medium structure is sleeved on the outside of the first inner signal terminal, and the second insulating medium structure is sleeved on the outside of the second inner signal terminal.
[0013] Preferably, the fixing plate is a plate with a shielding function; the fixing plate includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate, the first fixing plate is matched with the first inner signal terminal stopper, and the second fixing plate is matched with the second inner signal terminal stopper.
[0014] Preferably, the first insulating medium structure and the first inner signal terminal are sleeved to form a whole which is located at the upper part of the shielding shell, and the second insulating medium structure and the second inner signal terminal are sleeved to form a whole which is located at the lower part of the shielding shell.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model intervenes in the insulating dielectric layer according to the characteristic impedance changes at different positions of the connector, so as to achieve the purpose of balancing the characteristic impedance of the connector, thereby reducing reflection loss and improving the signal integrity of the entire transmission link. The specific intervention measure is to set pits on the insulating dielectric layer. The setting of the pits reduces the amount of insulating dielectric filling at this location, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the characteristic impedance and reducing reflection loss. The reflection loss is reduced, so that the connector can meet the signal transmission requirements when the transmission rate is increased to the order of 10Gbit / s and the basic frequency is increased to more than 4GHz. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical connector of the present utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the electrical connector of the present utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the insulating medium structure of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Flipped stereogram.
[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the electrical connector of the present utility model.
[0022] Figure 6 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connector with an existing insulating medium structure.
[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of characteristic impedance of existing insulating medium structure.
[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of return loss of existing insulating medium structure.
[0025] Fig. 9 This is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connector with an insulating medium structure according to the utility model.
[0026] Fig.10 It is a characteristic impedance schematic diagram of the insulating medium structure of the utility model.
[0027] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss of the insulating medium structure of the utility model.
[0028] In the figure, 1 is an insulating medium layer, 2 is a sheath, 3 is a shielding shell, 4 is a first insulating medium structure, 5 is a first inner signal terminal, 6 is a first fixing plate, 7 is a second fixing plate, 8 is a second inner signal terminal, 9 is a second insulating medium structure, 10 is a pit, 11 is a through hole, 12 is a fixing plate, 13 is a fixing groove, and 14 is a jack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0030] Embodiment 1, an insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, it includes an insulating dielectric layer 1 for sleeved on the terminal, and a pit 10 for adjusting the characteristic impedance is provided on the insulating dielectric layer 1. The utility model intervenes the insulating dielectric layer 1 according to the characteristic impedance changes at different positions of the connector, such as Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the purpose of balancing the characteristic impedance of the connector is achieved, thereby reducing reflection loss and improving the signal integrity of the entire transmission link. The specific intervention measure is to set a pit 10 on the insulating medium layer 1. The setting of the pit 10 reduces the amount of insulating medium filling at this location, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the characteristic impedance and reducing reflection loss. The reflection loss is reduced, so that the connector can meet the signal transmission requirements when the transmission rate is increased to the order of 10Gbit / s and the basic frequency is increased to more than 4GHz. This solves the technical problem that the reflection loss in the signal transmission process of the connector in the prior art is large, which makes the connector unable to meet the signal transmission requirements when the transmission rate is increased to the order of 10Gbit / s and the basic frequency is increased to more than 4GHz.
[0031] Embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1, an insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, at least two pits 10 are provided on the insulating dielectric layer 1, and at least two pits 10 are provided along the length direction of the insulating dielectric layer 1. The specific number of the pits 10 can be set according to actual needs. Preferably, the pits 10 are arranged in sequence along the terminal insertion direction, the bottom contour A of the pits 10 is concentric with the outer contour B of the insulating medium 9, and the pits 10 are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the insulating dielectric structure.
[0032] Embodiment 3, based on embodiment 2, an insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the insulating medium layer 1 is provided with a through hole 11. The through hole 11 is also provided to reduce the amount of insulating medium filling at the position where the through hole 11 is provided, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the characteristic impedance and reducing the reflection loss. The reflection loss is reduced, so that the connector can meet the signal transmission requirements when the transmission rate is increased to the order of 10Gbit / s and the basic frequency is increased to more than 4GHz.
[0033] Embodiment 4, based on embodiment 3, an insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, at least two pits 10 are arranged along the width direction of the insulating dielectric layer 1, and the through hole 11 is located between two adjacent pits 10 in the width direction. That is, the pits 10 arranged in the width direction are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the insulating dielectric structure, and the through holes 11 are located on the center line of the insulating dielectric structure. The through holes 11 are arranged in sequence along the terminal insertion direction, wherein the direction in which the through holes 11 penetrate the insulating dielectric layer 1 is perpendicular to the terminal insertion direction.
[0034] Embodiment 5, based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, an insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, at least two terminals are inserted into the insulating dielectric layer 1. Preferably, two terminals are inserted into one insulating dielectric structure, and the two terminals are symmetrically arranged along the midline of the insulating dielectric structure, and one terminal corresponds to the pit 10 on one side of the insulating dielectric layer 1, and the pit 10 on one side adjusts the characteristic impedance of one terminal and reduces the reflection loss.
[0035] When implementing Example 5, the impedance changes at different locations on the electrical connector are first detected, such as Fig.10 As shown, according to the characteristic impedance change of the corresponding position, a pit 10 and a through hole 11 are set at the position corresponding to the point on the insulating dielectric layer 1, so as to form an insulating dielectric structure that adjusts the characteristic impedance and reduces the reflection loss.
[0036] Embodiment 6, based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, an electrical connector, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, it includes a sheath 2, a shielding shell 3, a terminal and the above-mentioned insulating medium structure, the insulating medium structure is sleeved on the terminal, the sheath 2 is engaged with the shielding shell 3, a plug hole 14 is provided on the shielding shell 3, the terminal sleeved with the insulating medium structure is matched with the plug hole 14, and a stop structure for fixing the terminal position is provided on the shielding shell 3. The terminal sleeved with the insulating medium structure is plugged and matched with the plug hole 14, and the stop structure is provided to prevent the terminal sleeved with the insulating medium structure from retreating after the terminal sleeved with the insulating medium structure is inserted into the plug hole 14.
[0037] The sheath 2 is plugged into the shielding shell 3 and is fixed by snapping after being plugged into the shielding shell 3. An elastic protrusion can be provided on the outside of the shielding shell 3, and a fixing hole can be provided in the sheath 2. The shielding shell 3 can be fixed in the sheath 2 by snapping the elastic protrusion into the fixing hole.
[0038] Embodiment 7, based on embodiment 6, an electrical connector, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the blocking structure includes a fixing plate 12, a fixing groove 13 on the shielding shell 3, the fixing plate 12 and the fixing groove 13 are interference fit, and the direction in which the fixing plate 12 is inserted into the fixing groove 13 is perpendicular to the direction in which the terminal is inserted into the shielding shell 3. That is, when the terminal with the insulating medium structure is inserted into the jack 14, the fixing plate 12 is inserted into the fixing groove 13, and the fixing plate 12 blocks the terminal with the insulating medium structure from retreating; and because the fixing plate 12 and the fixing groove 13 are interference fit, after the fixing plate 12 is inserted into the fixing groove 13, in the absence of external force, the fixing plate 12 is not easy to fall off from the fixing groove 13, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire device during use.
[0039] Embodiment 8, based on embodiment 7, an electrical connector, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the terminal includes a first inner signal terminal 5 and a second inner signal terminal 8, and the insulating medium structure includes a first insulating medium structure 4 and a second insulating medium structure 9. The first insulating medium structure 4 is sleeved on the outside of the first inner signal terminal 5, and the second insulating medium structure 9 is sleeved on the outside of the second inner signal terminal 8. The terminal includes a first inner signal terminal 5 and a second inner signal terminal 8. The difference between the first inner signal terminal 5 and the second inner signal terminal 8 is that the lengths of the first inner signal terminal 5 and the second inner signal terminal 8 are different. The lengths can be selected according to the actual needs of the electrical connector, but the first inner signal terminal 5 and the second inner signal terminal 8 have the same function, both of which are used as Ethernet signal transmission paths; the insulating medium structure includes a first insulating medium structure 4 and a second insulating medium structure 9. The difference between the first insulating medium structure 4 and the second insulating medium structure 9 is that the lengths of the first insulating medium structure 4 and the second insulating medium structure 9 are different. The lengths of the first insulating medium structure 4 and the second insulating medium structure 9 can be selected according to the lengths of the terminals. However, the first insulating medium structure 4 and the second insulating medium structure 9 have similar structures and the same functions, both of which are used to isolate the shielding layer and the inner signal terminal and adjust the characteristic impedance.
[0040] The lengths of the first inner signal terminal 5 and the second inner signal terminal 8 are different because the port of the electrical connector is a matrix type, which causes differences in the lengths of the terminals in each signal path. In order to adapt to the matrix port, the terminals are divided into two signal terminals, namely the first inner signal terminal 5 and the second inner signal terminal 8. The present application is not limited to the use of terminals of two lengths. When the port of the electrical connector needs to use three or more signal terminals, the terminals can be divided into three or more signal terminals.
[0041] Embodiment 9, based on embodiment 8, an electrical connector, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the fixing plate 12 is a plate with a shielding function; the fixing plate 12 includes a first fixing plate 6 and a second fixing plate 7, the first fixing plate 6 is matched with the first inner signal terminal 5, and the second fixing plate 7 is matched with the second inner signal terminal 8. That is, the first fixing plate 6 blocks the first inner signal terminal 5 with the first insulating medium structure 4 from retracting, and the second fixing plate 7 blocks the second inner signal terminal 8 with the second insulating medium structure 9 from retracting.
[0042] Embodiment 10, based on embodiment 9, an electrical connector, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the whole formed by the sleeve connection of the first insulating medium structure 4 and the first inner signal terminal 5 is located at the upper part of the shielding shell 3, and the whole formed by the sleeve connection of the second insulating medium structure 9 and the second inner signal terminal 8 is located at the lower part of the shielding shell 3. The length of the whole formed by the sleeve connection of the first insulating medium structure 4 and the first inner signal terminal 5 is greater than the length of the whole formed by the sleeve connection of the second insulating medium structure 9 and the second inner signal terminal 8. The whole formed by the sleeve connection of the first insulating medium structure 4 and the first inner signal terminal 5 is arranged at the upper part of the shielding shell 3, and the whole formed by the sleeve connection of the second insulating medium structure 9 and the second inner signal terminal 8 is arranged at the lower part of the shielding shell 3. Such a layout is conducive to reducing the volume of the shielding shell 3, which is conducive to reducing the volume of the electrical connector and promoting the miniaturization of the electrical connector.
[0043] When implementing Example 10, the number of the first insulating medium structure 4 and the second insulating medium structure 9 is selected according to the actual needs of the electrical connector, the first insulating medium structure 4 corresponds to the first internal signal terminal 5 one-to-one, and the second insulating medium structure 9 corresponds to the second internal signal terminal 8 one-to-one. The first insulating medium structure 4 and the first internal signal terminal 5 are sleeved to form a whole that is inserted into the upper part of the shielding shell 3, and the second insulating medium structure 9 and the second internal signal terminal 8 are sleeved to form another whole that is inserted into the lower part of the shielding shell 3, and then the first fixing plate 6 and the second fixing plate 7 are respectively inserted correspondingly to form the electrical connector of the present application.
[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss, comprising an insulating medium layer (1) for sleeved on a terminal, characterized in that: The insulating dielectric layer (1) is provided with a pit (10) for adjusting the characteristic impedance.
2. The insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two pits (10) are arranged on the insulating medium layer (1), and the at least two pits (10) are arranged along the length direction of the insulating medium layer (1).
3. The insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulating dielectric layer (1) is provided with a through hole (11).
4. The insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least two pits (10) are arranged along the width direction of the insulating dielectric layer (1), and the through hole (11) is located between two adjacent pits (10) in the width direction.
5. The insulating medium structure for reducing reflection loss according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: At least two terminals are inserted into the insulating medium layer (1).
6. An electrical connector, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sheath (2), a shielding shell (3), a terminal and an insulating medium structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the insulating medium structure is sleeved on the terminal, the sheath (2) and the shielding shell (3) are engaged and snap-fitted, the shielding shell (3) is provided with a plug hole (14), the terminal sleeved with the insulating medium structure is matched with the plug hole (14), and the shielding shell (3) is provided with a stop structure for fixing the terminal position.
7. The electrical connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blocking structure comprises a fixing plate (12) and a fixing groove (13) on the shielding shell (3); the fixing plate (12) and the fixing groove (13) are interference fit; and the direction in which the fixing plate (12) is inserted into the fixing groove (13) is perpendicular to the direction in which the terminal is inserted into the shielding shell (3).
8. The electrical connector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The terminal comprises a first inner signal terminal (5) and a second inner signal terminal (8), and the insulating medium structure comprises a first insulating medium structure (4) and a second insulating medium structure (9), wherein the first insulating medium structure (4) is sleeved on the outside of the first inner signal terminal (5), and the second insulating medium structure (9) is sleeved on the outside of the second inner signal terminal (8).
9. The electrical connector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing plate (12) is a plate having a shielding function; the fixing plate (12) comprises a first fixing plate (6) and a second fixing plate (7); the first fixing plate (6) is in stop-matching engagement with the first inner signal terminal (5), and the second fixing plate (7) is in stop-matching engagement with the second inner signal terminal (8).
10. The electrical connector according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first insulating medium structure (4) and the first inner signal terminal (5) are sleeved to form a whole which is located at the upper part of the shielding shell (3), and the second insulating medium structure (9) and the second inner signal terminal (8) are sleeved to form a whole which is located at the lower part of the shielding shell (3).