Scraper type reticulated peanut shelling roller and peanut sheller

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a scraper type reticulated peanut shelling roller and a peanut sheller. The shelling roller comprises a rolling shaft, two shaft discs; a plurality of reticulated scraper blade assemblies; the reticulate pattern scraper blade assembly comprises mounting plates fixedly mounted with the radial adjusting assembly, a scraper blade fixedly arranged between the two mounting plates, and a concave-convex reticulate pattern structure arranged on the outer side surface of the scraper blade; the scraping plate protrudes out of the edge of the shaft disc, and the outer side face of the scraping plate is matched with the concave grid and is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane. According to the peanut shelling roller, the scrapers in the reticulate pattern scraper assembly are not horizontally installed, damage to peanut kernels is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the scrapers are provided with the uneven reticulate pattern structures, the friction force borne by peanut pods is increased, and compared with a roller mechanism in the prior art, the peanut shelling roller has the advantages that the structure is simple, and operation is convenient. The peanut huller can ensure the hulling efficiency of peanut pods and lower damage rate of peanut kernels, and is simple in structure and convenient to mount and dismount.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a scraping type reticulated peanut shelling drum and a peanut shelling machine. Background Technique

[0002] Peanut shelling is an indispensable step in the processes of agricultural product processing and seed cultivation. In the prior art, a drum with spiral blades is mostly used in cooperation with a concave screen arranged outside the drum to realize the peanut shelling operation. However, in the existing shelling process, due to the large gap between the spiral blades and the concave screen, a large number of unshelled peanuts will appear, and at the same time, many peanut grains are damaged during the shelling process.

[0003] In the later stage, in the improvement of the key components of the peanut shelling machinery on the market, the spiral blades are changed into scrapers, and the motor operates to drive the shelling drum to rotate through belt transmission, so that the shelling scrapers strike the peanut pods. Although it can effectively reduce the damage of peanuts to a certain extent, it reduces the peanut shelling efficiency, and one type of drum can only be applicable to one type of concave screen or peanut shelling machine, without wide applicability. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of low shelling efficiency and lack of wide applicability in the prior art, and provide a scraping type reticulated peanut shelling drum and a peanut shelling machine that can not only ensure the peanut shelling efficiency but also ensure a low peanut breakage rate.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0006] As a first aspect, a scraping type reticulated peanut shelling drum includes:

[0007] A roller shaft;

[0008] Two shaft discs, which are sleeved at both ends of the roller shaft, are coaxially arranged with the roller shaft, and rotate along with the roller shaft;

[0009] A plurality of reticulated scraper assemblies, which are installed between the two shaft discs through a radial adjustment assembly, and the plurality of reticulated scraper assemblies are evenly distributed between the two shaft discs;

[0010] The reticulated scraper assembly includes a mounting plate installed with the radial adjustment assembly and a scraper fixedly arranged between the two mounting plates; the scraper protrudes from the edge of the shaft disc, and the outer side surface of the scraper is inclined relative to the horizontal plane and cooperates with the concave screen.

[0011] Further, the inclination angle of the outer side surface of the scraper relative to the horizontal plane is 15°.

[0012] ≤ a ≤ 35°.

[0013] Further, the hulling drum includes four groups of the reticulated scraping plate assemblies.

[0014] Further, the radial adjustment assembly includes an adjustment long hole opened along the radial direction of the shaft disc and an adjustment plate fixed on the adjustment long hole by a fastening screw;

[0015] During use, adjust the distance of the adjustment plate relative to the adjustment long hole to adjust the working radius of the scraping plate.

[0016] Further, it further includes an angle adjustment module for adjusting the inclination angle of the outer side surface of the scraping plate. The angle adjustment module includes two circular fixing holes opened on the adjustment plate, a circular docking hole opened on the mounting plate, and an arc-shaped adjustment hole;

[0017] During installation, adjust the connection position of the circular docking hole and the arc-shaped adjustment hole to adjust the inclination angle of the scraping plate.

[0018] Further, the arc-shaped bending angle of the arc-shaped adjustment hole is 20°.

[0019] Further, the reticulated scraping plate assembly further includes a reticulation installed on the outer side surface of the scraping plate.

[0020] As a second aspect, a peanut hulling machine includes a frame, a concave screen installed on the frame, and a scraping plate type reticulated peanut hulling drum as described above that is rotatably installed on the frame and cooperates with the concave screen.

[0021] Further, the peanut hulling machine further includes a fan assembly for separating peanut grains and peanut shells.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the scraping plate type reticulated peanut hulling drum and the peanut hulling machine of the present utility model are:

[0023] The peanut shelling drum of the present utility model performs peanut shelling work by means of a plurality of reticulated scraper assemblies arranged between two axle discs in cooperation with a concave screen. The outer side surface of the scraper in the reticulated scraper assembly is not horizontally installed and is set at a certain inclination angle relative to the horizontal plane, reducing the impact of the scraper on the outer shell of peanut pods during the rotation of the drum, thereby effectively reducing the damage to peanut grains. At the same time, an uneven concavo-convex reticulated structure is provided on the scraper, which can increase the friction force received by peanut pods, increase the extrusion force and rubbing force between the scraper and the concave screen, and can better break the outer shell of peanut pods to achieve the separation of peanut grains and the shell. Compared with the drum mechanism in the prior art, the peanut shelling drum of the present utility model can not only ensure the shelling efficiency of peanut pods but also ensure a lower peanut grain breakage rate, and has a simple structure and is convenient for installation and disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the drum structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is the front view of the drum of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the left view of

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged view of part A in

[0029] Figure 5 It is the exploded view of the angle adjustment module of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 6 It is the partial exploded view of the radial adjustment assembly of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] Figure 7 It is the detailed view of the concavo-convex reticulated structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1, roller shaft; 2, axle disc; 3, reticulated scraper assembly, 31, mounting plate, 32, scraper, 33, concavo-convex reticulated structure; 4, angle adjustment module, 41, circular fixing hole, 42, circular docking hole, 43, arc adjustment hole; 5, radial adjustment assembly, 51, adjustment long hole, 52, adjustment plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The present utility model will now be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present utility model in a schematic manner, so they only show the components related to the present utility model.

[0034] As Figures 1 - 7 shown in a specific embodiment of a scraper 32 type reticulated peanut shelling drum of the present utility model, it includes: a roller shaft 1, two shaft discs 2, and a number of reticulated scraper assemblies 3. Specifically, the two shaft discs 2 are sleeved at both ends of the roller shaft 1, are coaxially arranged with the roller shaft 1, and rotate with the roller shaft 1. A number of reticulated scraper assemblies 3 are installed between the two shaft discs 2 through a radial adjustment assembly 5, and a number of reticulated scraper assemblies 3 are evenly distributed between the two shaft discs 2. In this embodiment, the shelling drum includes four groups of reticulated scraper assemblies 3. Among them, the reticulated scraper assembly 3 includes a mounting plate 31 installed with the radial adjustment assembly 5, a scraper 32 fixedly arranged between the two mounting plates 31, and a concave-convex reticulated structure 33 arranged on the outer side surface of the scraper 32; the scraper 32 protrudes from the edge of the shaft disc 2, the outer side surface of the scraper 32 cooperates with the concave plate sieve, and the outer side surface of the scraper 32 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane. It should be understood that the horizontal plane mentioned in this embodiment is based on the horizontal plane when the drum is placed horizontally.

[0035] The peanut shelling drum of this embodiment performs the shelling work on peanuts by means of a plurality of reticulated scraper assemblies 3 arranged between the two shaft discs 2 in cooperation with the concave plate sieve, and the outer side surface of the scraper 32 in the reticulated scraper assembly 3 is not horizontally installed, and is set at a certain inclination angle relative to the horizontal plane, reducing the impact of the scraper 32 on the outer shell of the peanut pods during the rotation of the drum, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the peanut grains. At the same time, a concave-convex reticulated structure 33 is arranged on the scraper 32, which can increase the friction force received by the peanut pods, increase the extrusion force and rubbing force between the scraper 32 and the concave plate sieve, and can better break the outer shell of the peanut pods to achieve the separation of the peanut kernels and the outer shell. Compared with the drum mechanism in the prior art, the peanut shelling drum of the present utility model can not only ensure the shelling efficiency of the peanut pods but also ensure a lower peanut grain breakage rate, and has a simple structure and is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0036] It needs to be further limited that, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the outer side surface of the scraper 32 relative to the horizontal plane is 15°≤a≤35°. During use, specifically adjust the inclination angle according to the size of the peanut pods, the difference in peanut varieties, and the requirements for cooperation with the concave plate sieve. The design of the adjustable inclination angle of the scraper 32 adjusts the impact force of the scraper 32 on the outer shell of the peanut pods, reduces the peanut grain breakage rate, and at the same time can increase the contact area between the scraper 32 and the peanut pods, increasing the shelling efficiency.

[0037] As an implementation manner, asFigure 7 As shown, the concave-convex reticular structure 33 adopts uniformly distributed grid-like patterns that intersect obliquely at 45°. Of course, the concave-convex reticular structure 33 can also adopt other structures that can increase friction. Here, only a relatively preferred structure is shown.

[0038] As a specific implementation manner, in this embodiment, the length of the scraping plate 32 is 370 mm, the width is 40 mm, and the thickness of the scraping plate 32 is 8 mm. Among them, the undulation of the concave-convex reticular structure 33 has a thickness change of 0.8 mm.

[0039] As Figure 6 shown, the radial adjustment assembly 5 in this embodiment includes an adjustment long hole 51 radially opened on the shaft disc 2 and an adjustment plate 52 fixed on the adjustment long hole 51 by fastening screws. During use, the distance of the adjustment plate 52 relative to the adjustment long hole 51 is adjusted to adjust the working radius of the scraping plate 32.

[0040] Specifically, two fastening holes are provided on the adjustment plate 52. The scraping plate 32 relies on the adjustment plate 52 to adjust its position on the diameter of the wheel disc. After adjusting to the appropriate position, the adjustment plate 52 is fastened to the shaft disc 2 by using fastening screws. By changing the distance between the scraping plate 32 and the rotation axis of the roller shaft 1, the working diameter of the drum is changed. The setting of the radial adjustment assembly 5 in this embodiment enables the drum to be applicable to concave screens of different sizes, that is, it can be applicable to peanut shellers with different size requirements, making the drum of this embodiment have a wide range of practical applications.

[0041] This embodiment further includes an angle adjustment module 4 for adjusting the inclination angle of the outer side surface of the scraping plate 32. The angle adjustment module 4 includes two circular fixing holes 41 opened on the adjustment plate 52, a circular docking hole 42 opened on the mounting plate 31, and an arc-shaped adjustment hole 43. During installation, by adjusting the connection position between the circular docking hole 42 and the arc-shaped adjustment hole 43, the inclination angle of the scraping plate 32 is adjusted. Among them, the arc-shaped bending angle of the arc-shaped adjustment hole 43 is 20°. This embodiment cleverly adopts the setting of the arc-shaped adjustment hole 43 to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the outer side surface of the scraping plate 32, with a simple structure and high reliability.

[0042] The shaft discs 2 on both sides of the roller shaft 1 in this embodiment are welded to the roller shaft 1, and four adjustment long holes 51 are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the shaft disc 2 for connecting with the adjustment plate 52 through screws, and at the same time, the working radius of the drum is adjusted.

[0043] It should be understood that the peanut shelling machine using the above-mentioned scraper 32-type reticulated peanut shelling drum is also within the protection scope of the present utility model. Specifically, the peanut shelling machine includes a frame, a concave screen installed on the frame, the above-mentioned scraper 32-type reticulated peanut shelling drum rotatably installed on the frame and cooperating with the concave screen, and a fan assembly for separating peanut kernels and peanut shells. The frame, concave screen, and fan assembly in this embodiment can all adopt structures that can be purchased on the market or can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art. The specific structures of the frame, concave screen, and fan assembly will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0044] The specific usage method of the peanut shelling machine in this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] Peanut pods enter the peanut shelling drum through the feeding port. The scraper 32-type reticulated peanut shelling drum in this embodiment rotates. The peanut pods are squeezed, rubbed, and struck between the scraper 32 and the concave screen to break the outer shell. And during the extrusion with the concave screen, the peanut kernels are separated from the pods. The separated peanut kernels and the broken outer shells are separated and discharged through the fan assembly and the concave screen. That is, the peanut kernels fall directly into the discharge bin through the gaps between the concave screens, and the peanut shells are discharged from another outlet through the fan assembly, achieving the separation of peanut kernels and the outer shell.

[0046] In the actual use process of the peanut shelling machine in this embodiment, the working diameter of the above-mentioned scraper 32-type reticulated peanut shelling drum can be adjusted according to specific usage requirements, and the inclination angle of the scraper 32 in the drum can also be adjusted, so as to ensure the shelling efficiency of the peanut shelling machine and less damage to peanut kernels, overcoming the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to take into account both the shelling efficiency of peanuts and the low peanut breakage rate at the same time.

[0047] It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. Obvious changes or variations derived from the spirit of the present utility model are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum, characterized in that: include: Roller (1); Two shaft discs (2), the two shaft discs (2) being inserted through the two ends of the roller (1), being coaxially arranged with the roller (1), and rotating along with the roller (1); A plurality of anilox scraper assemblies (3) are installed between the two shaft discs (2) via a radial adjustment assembly (5), and the plurality of anilox scraper assemblies (3) are evenly distributed between the two shaft discs (2); The anilox scraper assembly (3) comprises a mounting plate (31) mounted on the radial adjustment assembly (5), a scraper (32) fixedly arranged between the two mounting plates (31), and a concave-convex anilox structure (33) arranged on the outer side of the scraper (32); the scraper (32) protrudes from the edge of the shaft disc (2), the outer side of the scraper (32) cooperates with the concave plate screen, and the outer side of the scraper (32) is arranged to be inclined relative to a horizontal plane.

2. The scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the outer side surface of the scraper (32) relative to the horizontal plane is 15°≤a≤35°.

3. The scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shelling drum comprises four groups of anilox scraper assemblies (3).

4. The scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial adjustment component (5) comprises an adjustment long hole (51) radially opened on the shaft disc (2) and an adjustment plate (52) fixed to the adjustment long hole (51) by means of a fastening screw; When in use, the distance between the adjustment plate (52) and the adjustment slot (51) is adjusted to adjust the operating radius of the scraper (32).

5. The scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an angle adjustment module (4) for adjusting the inclination angle of the outer side surface of the scraper (32), the angle adjustment module (4) comprising two circular fixing holes (41) formed on the adjustment plate (52), a circular docking hole (42) and an arc-shaped adjustment hole (43) formed on the mounting plate (31); During installation, the inclination angle of the scraper (32) is adjusted by adjusting the connection position of the circular docking hole (42) and the arc-shaped adjustment hole (43).

6. The scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc-shaped bending angle of the arc-shaped adjustment hole (43) is 20°.

7. The scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave-convex mesh structure (33) adopts grid-like patterns that are evenly distributed and intersected at an angle of 45 degrees.

8. A peanut shelling machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, a concave plate screen mounted on the frame, and a scraper-type reticulated peanut shelling drum as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is rotatably mounted on the frame and cooperates with the concave plate screen.

9. A peanut shelling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a fan assembly for separating peanut kernels and peanut shells.

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