Pneumatic shear apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a pneumatic shear apparatus. The pneumatic shearing instrument comprises a machine table, a shearing assembly, a pneumatic pressure applying assembly, an adjusting mechanism and a horizontal driving assembly, and the shearing assembly comprises an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box which are stacked on the machine table up and down and can be mutually staggered in the transverse direction; the air pressure pressing assembly comprises a pressing frame in sliding connection with the machine table and a pneumatic pressing device and a pressure transmission plate which are arranged on the pressing frame, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting assembly and an adjusting plate, the adjusting assembly is connected with the lower shear box, the adjusting plate is arranged in the lower shear box in a height-adjustable mode, and the pressure transmission plate is located above the adjusting plate. A space used for containing a to-be-sheared piece is formed between the pressure transmission plate and the adjusting plate, and the horizontal driving assembly is arranged on the machine table and is in driving connection with the lower shearing box, so that the shearing assemblies can be staggered mutually. According to the shear apparatus, the shear surface of the to-be-sheared part can be changed in the shear assembly, and the problem that the soil shear test efficiency of the shear apparatus in the prior art is relatively low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and particularly relates to a pneumatic shear instrument. Background Art

[0002] Soil is the most common and important component in nature. Studying the properties of soil can help better understand the soil and reduce engineering hazards. Among the properties of soil, the shear strength is an important one. The shear strength refers to the ultimate strength of the soil to resist shear failure. The direct shear test is one of the earliest developed test methods for measuring the shear strength of soil. The equipment used in this method is simple, inexpensive, and easy to operate, so it is widely used at home and abroad. Currently, the common shear instruments used to conduct shear tests to obtain the shear strength of soil include a single-hand manual direct shear instrument, an electric four-link direct shear instrument, a full-automatic strain-controlled direct shear instrument, and an electric servo full-automatic direct shear instrument. Among them, the single-hand manual direct shear instrument and the electric four-link direct shear instrument require manual application of weights to press the specimen. In this process, applying weights is time-consuming and laborious, and there is a safety hazard of dropping, and the efficiency is not high enough. The structure of the full-automatic strain-controlled direct shear instrument is complex and occupies a large area. Although the electric servo full-automatic direct shear instrument avoids manual operation of pressing, each test can only be carried out on one specimen. If a group of tests need to be completed, multiple specimens need to be prepared, and the test efficiency is low.

[0003] As can be seen from the above, there is a problem of low efficiency of the soil shear test of the shear instrument in the prior art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a pneumatic shear instrument to solve the problem of low efficiency of the soil shear test of the shear instrument in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a pneumatic shear instrument, including: a machine table; a shear assembly, the shear assembly includes an upper shear box and a lower shear box which are stacked on the machine table and can move laterally relative to each other; a pneumatic pressure application assembly, the pneumatic pressure application assembly includes a pressure application frame, a pneumatic pressure application device, and a pressure transmission plate. The pressure application frame is arranged on the machine table and is slidably connected to the machine table. The pneumatic pressure application device is arranged on the pressure application frame. The pneumatic pressure application device is drivingly connected to the pressure transmission plate. At least a part of the pressure transmission plate can extend into the shear assembly to apply a vertical load to the specimen to be sheared located in the shear assembly. The pressure transmission plate is located above the machine table; an adjustment mechanism, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment plate, the height of the adjustment plate is adjustable and is arranged in the lower shear box, and the pressure transmission plate is located above the adjustment plate. A space for accommodating the specimen to be sheared is formed between the pressure transmission plate and the adjustment plate; a horizontal driving assembly, the horizontal driving assembly is arranged on the machine table and is drivingly connected to at least one of the upper shear box and the lower shear box to enable them to move laterally relative to each other.

[0006] Further, the pneumatic shearer further includes: a limiting mechanism disposed on the machine table, one of the upper shear box and the lower shear box is drivingly connected to the horizontal driving assembly, and the other of the upper shear box and the lower shear box is abutted against the limiting mechanism.

[0007] Further, the adjusting mechanism further includes an adjusting component drivingly connected to the bottom of the adjusting plate, and the upper surface of the adjusting plate is used to support the workpiece to be sheared, so that the pressure transfer plate and the adjusting plate respectively abut against the top surface and the bottom surface of the workpiece to be sheared.

[0008] Further, the pneumatic shearer further includes: a first slide rail disposed on the machine table, and the bottom end of the pressurizing frame is slidably connected to the first slide rail; a second slide rail located between the lower shear box and the machine table, and the lower shear box is slidably connected to the second slide rail.

[0009] Further, the pneumatic shearer further includes a pneumatic part and a transmission part, the pneumatic part is disposed on the pressurizing frame, and the transmission part passes through an avoidance hole on the pressurizing frame and is drivingly connected to the pressure transfer plate.

[0010] Further, the pneumatic shearer further includes a detector disposed on the pneumatic part for detecting the magnitude of the pressure applied by the pneumatic part.

[0011] Further, the adjusting mechanism further includes a supporting component, at least a part of the supporting component is located below the machine table, and the supporting component is connected to the lower shear box.

[0012] Further, the machine table is provided with a sliding hole, and the supporting component includes: a supporting plate, and the adjusting component is disposed on the supporting plate; a connecting rod detachably connected to the supporting plate, and the connecting rod passes through the sliding hole and is detachably connected to the lower shear box.

[0013] Further, the limiting mechanism includes a shear stress sensor and a fastener, the fastener is disposed on the machine table, and the fastener, the shear stress sensor and the upper shear box are sequentially connected.

[0014] Further, the pneumatic shearer further includes a partition board, which has two types: water-proof and water-permeable, and the partition board is disposed between the pushing structure and the workpiece to be sheared and between the workpiece to be sheared and the adjusting plate.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of the present utility model, the pneumatic shearer includes a machine table, a shearing assembly, a pneumatic pressing assembly, an adjusting mechanism, and a horizontal driving assembly. The shearing assembly includes an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box that are stacked on the machine table and can be displaced relative to each other horizontally. The pneumatic pressing assembly includes a pressing frame, a pneumatic pressing device, and a pressure transmitting plate. The pressing frame is arranged on the machine table and is slidably connected to the machine table. The pneumatic pressing device is arranged on the pressing frame, and the pneumatic pressing device is drivingly connected to the pressure transmitting plate. At least a part of the pressure transmitting plate can extend into the shearing assembly to apply a vertical load to the workpiece to be sheared located in the shearing assembly. The pressure transmitting plate is located above the machine table. The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting plate, and the height of the adjusting plate is adjustable and is arranged in the lower shearing box, and the pressure transmitting plate is located above the adjusting plate. A space for accommodating the workpiece to be sheared is formed between the pressure transmitting plate and the adjusting plate. The horizontal driving assembly is arranged on the machine table and is drivingly connected to at least one of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box so that the two can be displaced relative to each other. By placing the workpiece to be sheared into the shearing assembly arranged on the machine table, the adjusting plate of the adjusting mechanism supports the bottom of the sample, the pneumatic pressing device drives the pressure transmitting plate to apply a vertical load to the workpiece to be sheared, and the horizontal driving assembly is used to drive the lower shearing box and the upper shearing box to be displaced and reset, completing one shear of the workpiece to be sheared. During this process, the pressing frame moves on the machine table along with the upper shearing box. Subsequently, the adjusting mechanism drives the adjusting plate to move downward, so that the multiple shear surfaces of the workpiece to be sheared are flush with the boundary between the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, realizing the transformation of the shear surface of the workpiece to be sheared in the shearing assembly, and multiple shear data can be obtained, improving the shear test efficiency of the shearer and solving the problem of low soil shear test efficiency of the shearer in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic shearer from an angle in a specific embodiment of the present utility model; and

[0018] Figure 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of the accommodation of the workpiece to be sheared and the shear surface of the workpiece to be sheared in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic shearer from another angle in a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Among them, the above-mentioned accompanying drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0021] 10. Machine; 20. Shearing assembly; 21. Upper shearing box; 22. Lower shearing box; 221. Box body; 222. Pedestal; 223. Connecting hole; 30. Pneumatic pressing assembly; 31. Pressing frame; 32. Pneumatic pressing device; 321. Pneumatic part; 322. Transmission part; 33. Pressure transmission plate; 40. Adjusting mechanism; 41. Adjusting plate; 42. Adjusting component; 43. Supporting assembly; 431. Supporting plate; 432. Connecting rod; 50. Horizontal driving assembly; 60. Limiting mechanism; 61. Shearing stress sensor; 62. Fastener; 70. First slide rail; 80. Second slide rail; 90. Detection piece; 200. Piece to be sheared. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0023] It should be pointed out that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the orientation terms such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" are usually in reference to the directions shown in the drawings, or in reference to the vertical, perpendicular or gravitational directions of the components themselves; similarly, for the convenience of understanding and description, "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contours of the respective components themselves, but the above orientation terms are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] In order to solve the problem of low efficiency of soil shear tests of shearing instruments in the prior art, the present invention provides a pneumatic shearing instrument.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, the pneumatic shearer includes a machine table 10, a shear assembly 20, a pneumatic pressing assembly 30, an adjusting mechanism 40, and a horizontal driving assembly 50. The shear assembly 20 includes an upper shear box 21 and a lower shear box 22 that are stacked vertically on the machine table 10 and can be displaced relative to each other horizontally. The pneumatic pressing assembly 30 includes a pressing frame 31, a pneumatic pressing device 32, and a pressure transmission plate 33. The pressing frame 31 is disposed on the machine table 10 and is slidably connected to the machine table 10. The pneumatic pressing device 32 is disposed on the pressing frame 31. The pneumatic pressing device 32 is drivingly connected to the pressure transmission plate 33. At least a part of the pressure transmission plate 33 can extend into the shear assembly 20 to apply a vertical load to a workpiece 200 to be sheared located in the shear assembly 20. The pressure transmission plate 33 is located above the machine table 10. The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting plate 41. The height of the adjusting plate 41 is adjustable and is disposed in the lower shear box 22. The pressure transmission plate 33 is located above the adjusting plate 41. A space for accommodating the workpiece 200 to be sheared is formed between the pressure transmission plate 33 and the adjusting plate 41. The horizontal driving assembly 50 is disposed on the machine table 10 and is drivingly connected to at least one of the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22 to enable the two to be displaced relative to each other.

[0028] By placing the workpiece 200 to be sheared into the shear assembly 20 disposed on the machine table 10, the pressure transmission plate 33 above the machine table 10 extends downward into the upper shear box 21, and the adjusting plate 41 of the adjusting mechanism 40 extends upward into the set position of the lower shear box 22, so that the surface of the workpiece 200 to be sheared is set at the boundary between the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22. The pneumatic pressing device 32 drives the pressure transmission plate 33 to apply a vertical load to the workpiece 200 to be sheared and maintains the stability of the applied load. The horizontal driving assembly 50 is used to drive the lower shear box 22 to be displaced and reset relative to the upper shear box 21. During this process, the pressing frame 31 moves on the machine table 10 along with the upper shear box 21 to complete one shear of the workpiece 200 to be sheared. After the shear assembly 20 is reset, the adjusting mechanism 40 adjusts the adjusting plate 41 to move downward, so that the multiple shear surfaces of the workpiece 200 to be sheared are flush with the boundary between the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22, realizing the transformation of the shear surface of the workpiece 200 to be sheared within the shear assembly 20, enabling the acquisition of multiple shear data, and improving the shear test efficiency of the shearer.

[0029] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the pneumatic shearer further includes a limiting mechanism 60. The limiting mechanism 60 is disposed on the machine table 10. One of the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22 is drivingly connected to the horizontal driving assembly 50, and the other of the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22 is abutted against the limiting mechanism 60.

[0030] Specifically, the limiting mechanism 60 abuts against the upper shearing box 21, the horizontal driving assembly 50 is drivingly connected to the lower shearing box 22, the horizontal driving assembly 50 drives the lower shearing box 22 to move on the machine table 10. Since the upper shearing box 21 is limited by the limiting mechanism 60, the upper shearing box 21 is displaced from the lower shearing box 22, and the workpiece 200 to be sheared located in the shearing assembly 20 is sheared.

[0031] In another embodiment (not shown) of the present application, the limiting mechanism 60 abuts against the lower shearing box 22, and the horizontal driving assembly 50 abuts against the upper shearing box 21.

[0032] In another embodiment (not shown) of the present application, there are multiple shearing assemblies 20 of the pneumatic shearing instrument, and the multiple shearing assemblies 20 are arranged at intervals on the machine table 10. Correspondingly, the pneumatic pressing assembly 30, the adjusting mechanism 40 and the horizontal driving assembly 50 form a supporting group, and there are multiple supporting groups. The multiple supporting groups are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple shearing assemblies 20, so as to realize the shearing test of multiple different workpieces 200 at the same time, and finally realize double-linkage and four-linkage, achieving the effect of accelerating the test efficiency.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the adjusting mechanism 40 further includes an adjusting component 42. The adjusting component 42 is drivingly connected to the bottom of the adjusting plate 41. The upper surface of the adjusting plate 41 is used to support the workpiece 200 to be sheared, so that the pressure transfer plate 33 and the adjusting plate 41 respectively abut against the top surface and the bottom surface of the workpiece 200 to be sheared.

[0034] Specifically, the adjusting component 42 is an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an oil cylinder. The adjusting component 42 further includes an adjusting rod, and the adjusting plate 41 is driven to move in the up and down direction by the telescopic movement of the adjusting rod.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, the pneumatic shearing instrument further includes a first slide rail 70 and a second slide rail 80. The first slide rail 70 is arranged on the machine table 10, and the bottom end of the pressing frame 31 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 70. The second slide rail 80 is located between the lower shearing box 22 and the machine table 10, and the lower shearing box 22 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 80.

[0036] Specifically, there are multiple first slide rails 70 and multiple second slide rails 80. The multiple first slide rails 70 are parallel to the multiple second slide rails 80. Through holes are formed in the machine table 10, and the adjusting rod passes through the through holes to drive the adjusting plate 41. The multiple second slide rails 80 are arranged on both sides of the through holes, facilitating the movement of the lower shearing box 22 on the machine table 10. The multiple first slide rails 70 are arranged on both sides of the multiple second slide rails 80, and both ends of the pressing frame 31 are respectively connected to the multiple first slide rails 70, so as to drive the pressing frame 31 to slide along the first slide rail 70 when the upper shearing box 21 moves.

[0037] As Figure 1 andFigure 3 As shown in the figure, the pneumatic pressing device 32 includes a pneumatic part 321 which is arranged on the pressing frame 31. The transmission part 322 passes through the avoidance hole on the pressing frame 31 and is drivingly connected to the pressure transmission plate 33.

[0038] Specifically, the pneumatic part 321 is a two-way cylinder, and the transmission part 322 is a transmission rod. The transmission rod passes through the avoidance hole on the pressing frame 31 and is connected to the pressure transmission plate 33, so as to apply a vertical load to the workpiece 200 to be sheared.

[0039] In this embodiment, the pressure transmission plate 33 is adapted to the top surface of the workpiece 200 to be sheared. In this embodiment, the pressure transmission plate 33 is provided with a groove, and the transmission part 322 is provided with a protrusion adapted to the groove. Optionally, the pressure transmission plate 33 is provided with a threaded hole, the transmission part 322 is provided with an external thread, and the transmission part 322 is threadedly connected to the pressure transmission plate 33.

[0040] In another embodiment (not shown) of the present application, a hydraulic driving member or an electric cylinder driving member is arranged on the pressing frame 31, and the pressure transmission plate 33 is driven by the hydraulic driving member or the electric cylinder driving member to apply pressure to the workpiece 200 to be sheared.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, the pneumatic shearer further includes a detector 90 which is arranged on the pneumatic part 321 and is used for detecting the magnitude of the pressure applied by the pneumatic part 321.

[0042] Specifically, the detector 90 is a vertical pressure sensor, and the value of the pressure applied by the pneumatic part 321 to the workpiece 200 to be sheared is detected by the vertical pressure sensor. Optionally, the pneumatic shearer further includes a controller which is electrically connected to the detector 90, so as to facilitate automatically controlling the pressure applied by the pneumatic pressing device.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, the adjusting mechanism 40 further includes a supporting assembly 43, at least a part of the supporting assembly 43 is located below the machine table 10, and the supporting assembly 43 is connected to the lower shear box 22.

[0044] Specifically, the lower shear box 22 is detachably connected to the top of the supporting assembly 43. The adjusting plate 41 is arranged in the lower shear box 22. When the lower shear box 22 is driven by the horizontal driving assembly 50 to move, the lower shear box 22 drives the supporting assembly 43 to move, and at the same time, the adjusting plate 41 also moves, thereby driving the adjusting assembly 42 to move.

[0045] As Figure 1 shown, the machine table 10 is provided with a sliding hole. The supporting assembly 43 includes a supporting plate 431 and a connecting rod 432, and the adjusting assembly 42 is arranged on the supporting plate 431. The connecting rod 432 is detachably connected to the supporting plate 431, and the connecting rod 432 passes through the sliding hole and is detachably connected to the lower shear box 22.

[0046] Specifically, the lower shearing box 22 includes a box body 221 and a pedestal 222. The box body 221 is arranged on the pedestal 222. The size of the pedestal 222 is larger than that of the box body 221. A connecting structure for connecting with the horizontal driving component 50 is arranged on the pedestal 222. The pedestal 222 is slidably connected with the second slide rail 80, and the movement of the pedestal 222 drives the movement of the box body 221.

[0047] Furthermore, one end of the supporting plate 431 and the connecting rod 432 are connected by a nut. The other end of the connecting rod 432 is provided with a threaded hole. A connecting hole 223 is provided on the pedestal 222. A bolt passes through the connecting hole 223 and is connected with the threaded hole on the connecting rod 432, so as to connect the pedestal 222 and the connecting rod 432. When the pedestal 222 moves, it drives the connecting rod 432 to move in the notch on the machine table 10, and finally drives the adjusting component 42 to move along with the lower shearing box 22.

[0048] As Figure 3 shown, the limiting mechanism 60 includes a shear stress sensor 61 and a fastener 62. The fastener 62 is arranged on the machine table 10, and the fastener 62, the shear stress sensor 61 and the upper shearing box 21 are connected in sequence.

[0049] Specifically, the fastener 62 is an adjusting bolt, which is used to adjust the distance between the shear stress sensor 61 and the upper shearing box 21.

[0050] In this embodiment, the pneumatic shearer further includes a partition board, which is arranged between the pressure transmitting plate 33 and the test piece to be sheared 200 and between the test piece to be sheared 200 and the adjusting plate 41.

[0051] Specifically, the partition board is a water-proof board or a water-permeable board. According to whether the test piece to be sheared 200 is allowed to drain water during the test process, a water-proof board or a water-permeable board is reasonably selected to be placed between the pressure transmitting plate 33 and the test piece to be sheared 200 and between the adjusting plate 41 and the test piece to be sheared 200.

[0052] The steps of using the present application for soil tests can be summarized as follows: Step 1: Adjust the position of the test piece to be sheared 200 in the depth direction of the shearing component 20, so that a part of the test piece to be sheared 200 is correspondingly accommodated in the upper shearing box 21 and another part of the test piece to be sheared 200 is correspondingly accommodated in the lower shearing box 22; Step 2: Apply a preset pressure to the test piece to be sheared 200 placed in the shearing component 20; Step 3: Along the shearing direction perpendicular to the depth direction of the shearing component 20, move the upper shearing box 21 and the lower shearing box 22 out of position, and detect the data information of the shearing force on the test piece to be sheared 200 at this time; Step 4: Move the upper shearing box 21 and the lower shearing box 22 in the reverse direction to reset; Step 5: Repeat Step 1 to Step 4 until N groups of data information of the shearing force are collected.

[0053] Specifically, the adjusting plate 41 of the adjusting mechanism 40 is arranged in the lower shearing box 22, and the workpiece to be sheared 200 is placed on the adjusting plate 41. The position of the workpiece to be sheared 200 is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 40, and then a vertical load is applied to the workpiece to be sheared 200 by the pneumatic pressing assembly 30 until it reaches a preset value. At this time, the horizontal driving assembly 50 drives the lower shearing box 22 to move, and the upper shearing box 21 is blocked by the limiting mechanism 60, so that the dislocation between the upper shearing box 21 and the lower shearing box 22 is realized, and then the workpiece to be sheared 200 is sheared. After the shearing is completed, the horizontal driving assembly 50 drives the lower shearing box 22 to reset, realizing the reset of the shearing assembly 20. Subsequently, the adjusting mechanism 40 drives the adjusting plate 41 to move downward, and under the action of the upper preset vertical load, the workpiece to be sheared 200 moves within the shearing assembly 20 to complete the replacement of the shearing surface of the workpiece to be sheared 200. By repeating the above process multiple times, multiple groups of shearing force data are obtained, and the abnormal values are screened out by using the regression equation until 4 groups of effective values are obtained, and finally the shearing test is completed.

[0054] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present utility model achieve the following technical effects: By providing a pneumatic shearer including a machine table 10, a shear assembly 20, a pneumatic pressing assembly 30, an adjustment mechanism 40, and a horizontal driving assembly 50, the shear assembly includes an upper shear box 21 and a lower shear box 22 that are stacked vertically on the machine table 10 and can be displaced relative to each other horizontally. The pneumatic pressing assembly 30 includes a pressing frame 31, a pneumatic pressing device 32, and a pressure transmitting plate 33. The pressing frame 31 is disposed on the machine table 10 and is slidably connected to the machine table 10. The pneumatic pressing device 32 is disposed on the pressing frame 31, and the pneumatic pressing device 32 is drivingly connected to the pressure transmitting plate 33. At least a part of the pressure transmitting plate 33 can extend into the shear assembly to apply a vertical load to a workpiece 200 to be sheared located in the shear assembly. The pressure transmitting plate 33 is located above the machine table 10. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment plate 41, and the height of the adjustment plate 41 is adjustably disposed in the lower shear box 22, and the pressure transmitting plate 33 is located above the adjustment plate 41. A space for accommodating the workpiece 200 to be sheared is formed between the pressure transmitting plate 33 and the adjustment plate 41. The horizontal driving assembly 50 is disposed on the machine table 10 and is drivingly connected to at least one of the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22 to enable the two to be displaced relative to each other. By placing the workpiece 200 to be sheared into the shear assembly 20 disposed on the machine table 10, the adjustment plate 41 of the adjustment mechanism 40 supports the bottom of the workpiece 200 to be sheared. The pneumatic pressing device 32 drives the pressure transmitting plate 33 to apply a vertical load to the workpiece 200 to be sheared and maintain the stability of the applied load. The horizontal driving assembly 50 is used to drive the lower shear box 22 to be displaced and reset relative to the upper shear box 21. During this process, the pressing frame 31 moves on the machine table 10 along with the upper shear box 21 to complete one shear of the workpiece 200 to be sheared. The adjustment mechanism 40 drives the adjustment plate 41 to move downward, so that under the action of a preset vertical load at a higher level, multiple shear planes of the workpiece 200 to be sheared are flush with the boundary between the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22, realizing the transformation of the shear plane of the workpiece 200 to be sheared within the shear assembly 20, enabling the acquisition of multiple shear data, and improving the shear test efficiency of the shearer.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatic shearing instrument, characterized in that: include: Machine (10); A shearing assembly (20), the shearing assembly (20) comprising an upper shearing box (21) and a lower shearing box (22) which are stacked on the machine platform (10) and can be displaced relative to each other in the transverse direction; A pneumatic pressure assembly (30), the pneumatic pressure assembly (30) comprising a pressure frame (31), a pneumatic pressure device (32) and a pressure transmission plate (33), the pressure frame (31) being arranged on the machine platform (10) and being slidably connected to the machine platform (10), the pneumatic pressure device (32) being arranged on the pressure frame (31), the pneumatic pressure device (32) being drivingly connected to the pressure transmission plate (33), at least a portion of the pressure transmission plate (33) being able to extend into the shearing assembly (20) to apply a vertical load to the piece to be sheared (200) located in the shearing assembly (20), and the pressure transmission plate (33) being located above the machine platform (10); an adjusting mechanism (40), the adjusting mechanism comprising an adjusting plate (41), the adjusting plate (41) being arranged in the lower shear box (22) in an adjustable manner in height, and the pressure transmission plate (33) being located above the adjusting plate (41), and a space for accommodating the piece to be sheared (200) being formed between the pressure transmission plate (33) and the adjusting plate (41); A horizontal driving assembly (50) is arranged on the machine platform (10) and is drivingly connected to at least one of the upper shear box (21) and the lower shear box (22) so that the two can shift relative to each other.

2. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic shearing instrument also includes: A limiting mechanism (60), wherein the limiting mechanism (60) is arranged on the machine platform (10), one of the upper shear box (21) and the lower shear box (22) is drivingly connected to the horizontal driving component (50), and the other of the upper shear box (21) and the lower shear box (22) is abutted against the limiting mechanism (60).

3. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (40) further comprises an adjustment component (42), wherein the adjustment component (42) is drivingly connected to the bottom of the adjustment plate (41), and the upper surface of the adjustment plate (41) is used to support the piece to be sheared (200), so that the pressure transmission plate (33) and the adjustment plate (41) respectively abut against the top surface and the bottom surface of the piece to be sheared (200).

4. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic shearing instrument also includes: A first slide rail (70), the machine platform (10) is provided with the first slide rail (70), and the bottom end of the pressurizing frame (31) is slidably connected to the first slide rail (70); A second slide rail (80), wherein the second slide rail (80) is located between the lower shear box (22) and the machine platform (10), and the lower shear box (22) is slidably connected to the second slide rail (80).

5. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic pressure device (32) comprises a pneumatic part (321) and a transmission part (322); the pneumatic part (321) is arranged on the pressure frame (31); and the transmission part (322) passes through an avoidance hole on the pressure frame (31) and is drivingly connected to the pressure transmission plate (33).

6. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pneumatic shearing instrument further comprises a detection member (90), wherein the detection member (90) is arranged on the pneumatic part (321) and is used to detect the magnitude of the pressure applied by the pneumatic part (321).

7. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (40) further comprises a supporting assembly (43), at least a portion of which is located below the machine platform (10), and the supporting assembly (43) is connected to the lower shear box (22).

8. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: The machine platform (10) is provided with a sliding hole, and the supporting component (43) comprises: A supporting plate (431), wherein the adjusting component (42) is arranged on the supporting plate (431); A connecting rod (432), wherein the connecting rod (432) is detachably connected to the supporting plate (431), and the connecting rod (432) passes through the sliding hole and is detachably connected to the lower shear box (22).

9. The pneumatic shearing instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (60) comprises a shear stress sensor (61) and a fastener (62); the fastener (62) is arranged on the machine platform (10); and the fastener (62), the shear stress sensor (61) and the upper shear box (21) are connected in sequence.

10. The pneumatic shearing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The pneumatic shearing instrument further comprises a partition plate, which is arranged between the pressure transmission plate (33) and the piece to be sheared (200) and between the piece to be sheared (200) and the adjustment plate (41).

Images