Integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply which comprises a shell, and the interior of the shell is divided into a hydrolysis hydrogen production area and a power supply area. The hydrolysis hydrogen production area is provided with a hydrogen production device, and the power supply area is provided with a power supply device; the hydrogen production device comprises a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, a water tank, a filter and a peristaltic pump, and inlet and outlet ends of all the parts are connected through pipelines; the power supply device comprises a hydrogen fuel cell and an energy storage cell; the gas inlet end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with the hydrogen production device; the hydrogen fuel cell and the energy storage cell are connected in parallel, output ends of the two are respectively connected with a load power jack, and the energy storage cell supplies power to the peristaltic pump simultaneously. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply can realize continuous hydrogen production, is stable in power supply, and has the characteristic of portability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly relates to an integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells can directly convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, and have the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution and no noise during the energy conversion process. With the progress of technology, hydrogen fuel cells will be able to provide energy for a series of fixed and mobile applications.

[0003] Small hydrogen fuel cells have broad application prospects in the fields of portable devices, mobile power supplies, backup power supplies, etc. Hydrogen fuel cells can provide longer battery life and faster charging speed for portable devices such as mobile phones, tablets, cameras, etc., improving the user experience of the devices. They can also provide higher energy density and longer service life in mobile power supplies and backup power supplies, improving the efficiency and reliability of emergency response.

[0004] However, there are also some challenges in the development of hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply devices. The high-pressure hydrogen cylinders for gaseous hydrogen storage are large in volume and too low in hydrogen storage density, and the alloy hydrogen storage cylinders for solid hydrogen storage are heavy in weight and too low in hydrogen storage density. Therefore, their application potential in the application scenarios of small and portable hydrogen fuel cell power supplies is limited.

[0005] At present, on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production is one of the preferred methods for hydrogen fuel cell portable power supplies. However, at present, on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production mostly uses metal and its hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production or sodium borohydride solution hydrolysis hydrogen production. Both of these methods have certain problems. For example, the reaction products of metal and its hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production have many reaction products insoluble in water, and it is difficult to control the stability of the hydrogen production rate. Sodium borohydride solution hydrolysis hydrogen production requires pre-configuring an aqueous sodium borohydride solution, which has a short storage time and a low hydrogen storage density. At the same time, in the current hydrolysis hydrogen production technical solutions, the hydrogen production rate is not stable enough, and most of them require a buffer tank to adjust to achieve a stable supply of hydrogen. When designing the device, there are many accessories and it is relatively complex. As a result, the volume and weight of the portable power supply device are greatly increased, reducing its application in portable and mobile scenarios. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply. This power supply uses a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor made of thin-walled lightweight aluminum alloy material, and a single reactor can achieve a hydrogen storage density > 8 wt.%. At the same time, the power supply unit has a high degree of integration. The hydrolysis hydrogen production, water tank, and filter can all be replaced or refilled conveniently and quickly, thereby realizing continuous hydrogen production to ensure the uninterrupted and stable output of the portable power supply. The power supply uses highly efficient hydrolysis hydrogen production materials, which can achieve rapid hydrogen production response. The hydrogen production rate can be adjusted by controlling the water flow rate, and at the same time, self-regulation of hydrolysis hydrogen production is achieved through the change of the internal pressure of the hydrogen production system. This power supply is highly integrated and realizes the separation of hydrogen use and hydrogen production, reducing the mutual influence between the two.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present utility model is to design an integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply, including a housing. A load power socket is provided on the housing, and a partition is provided inside the housing. The partition divides the interior of the housing into a hydrolysis hydrogen production area and a power supply area. The hydrolysis hydrogen production area is provided with a hydrogen production device, and the power supply area is provided with a power supply device. The hydrogen production device includes a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, a water tank, a filter, and a peristaltic pump. The inlet and outlet of the peristaltic pump are respectively connected to the water tank and the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor through pipelines. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the upper part of the tank wall of the water tank. The air outlet of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor is connected to the air inlet of the water tank through a pipeline. A spiral condensing pipe is provided inside the water tank, and both ends of the condensing pipe are respectively connected to the air inlet and the air outlet of the water tank. The air outlet of the water tank is connected to the air inlet of the filter through a pipeline. The power supply device includes a hydrogen fuel cell and an energy storage battery. A pipeline is connected to the air outlet of the filter, and the pipeline passes through the partition and is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen fuel cell is also provided with an air outlet for exhausting waste gas. The output end of the hydrogen fuel cell is respectively connected to the energy storage battery and the load power socket. The output end of the energy storage battery is respectively connected to the peristaltic pump and the load power socket.

[0008] Further, a water tank cover is provided on the upper part of the water tank, and an opening for removing the water tank cover is provided on the housing.

[0009] Further, the hydrogen production device is also provided with a speed regulator, and the speed regulator is connected to the peristaltic pump.

[0010] Further, the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor contains powdered or granular solid hydrolysis hydrogen production materials. A dust filter and a waterproof breathable membrane are provided inside the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor.

[0011] Further, the filter contains a water adsorption material and an acidic filtering material.

[0012] Preferably, the water adsorption material is one or a mixture of several of molecular sieve, sponge, anhydrous calcium chloride, silica gel, cotton, and activated carbon; the acidic filtering material is one or a mixture of several of molecular sieve, heteropolyacid, boric acid, and cation exchange resin.

[0013] Furthermore, the power supply device is also provided with a solenoid valve and a control board. Solenoid valves are provided at both the air inlet and the air outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell; the control board controls the solenoid valve to open and close according to the program settings.

[0014] Furthermore, a hydrogen production switch, a load switch, a switch for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell to the output, and a voltmeter are respectively provided on the outer shell; the hydrogen production switch controls the start and stop of the peristaltic pump; the load switch is used to turn on or off the power supply to the load, and the switch for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell to the output is responsible for turning on or off the external power supply of the hydrogen fuel cell; the voltmeter is used to display the voltage condition of the power supply of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0015] The load switch and the switch for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell to the output should be turned on simultaneously to supply power to the load. When only the load switch is turned on, only the lithium battery supplies power to the load.

[0016] Furthermore, a handle is installed on the outer shell.

[0017] Furthermore, several hydrolysis hydrogen production reactors, water tanks, filters, and peristaltic pumps are provided in the hydrogen production device; several hydrogen fuel cells and energy storage batteries are provided in the power supply device.

[0018] The hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, the water tank, the filter, the peristaltic pump, the hydrogen fuel cell, and the energy storage battery are not limited to a single one. By adjusting the quantity of each component, the power specification of the power supply can be changed.

[0019] The working method of the integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply includes the following steps: Before the portable power supply supplies power externally, first open the water tank cover of the water tank, add water to the water level line, then turn on the hydrogen production switch, and the peristaltic pump transports water to the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor at a constant rate to start the hydrogen production reaction. The hydrogen generated by the reaction enters the hydrogen fuel cell for power generation after being condensed by the cooling pipe and dried and filtered by the filter; when the voltmeter shows that the voltage is stable, turn on the load switch to output externally; when the load output power is low, the hydrogen fuel cell preferentially charges the energy storage battery. When the energy storage battery is fully charged, the hydrogen consumption decreases and the system pressure increases. At this time, the peristaltic pump will slow down or even stop transporting water into the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor due to unequal pressures at both ends, and thus no longer produce hydrogen. When the hydrogen is consumed and the system pressure decreases, the water supply resumes again, realizing self-control.

[0020] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0021] 1) The portable power supply of the present utility model has a high degree of integration and realizes the partition isolation of hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation. The overall power supply housing can be made of lightweight polymer materials or sheet metal parts, greatly reducing the volume and weight of the portable power supply, thereby significantly increasing the hydrogen storage density of the device. At the same time, the hydrogen production area consists of detachable and replaceable modules, and real-time replacement can be achieved during hydrogen production without affecting the external output of the portable power supply. To increase the usage time of the power supply, only the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor needs to be carried more.

[0022] 2) The hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor of the present utility model integrates lightweight filtering materials inside, which can filter dust and part of the liquid water in the hydrogen produced by hydrolysis hydrogen production. At the same time, when the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor designed and used in the present utility model is made of thin-walled aluminum alloy, the overall weight of a 100 ml hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor does not exceed 50 g, and more than 46 L of hydrogen can be produced by hydrolysis hydrogen production; when made of PP material, the overall weight of a 100 ml hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor does not exceed 55 g, and more than 48 L of hydrogen can be produced by hydrolysis hydrogen production.

[0023] 3) The hydrogen production device of the present utility model has a short hydrogen production response time, a stable hydrogen production rate, and sufficient reaction. The reaction raw material liquid can respond immediately after entering the hydrolysis reactor, and the rate is stable in the early and late stages of the reaction. The reaction conversion rate of the hydrolysis hydrogen production material in the reactor can exceed 98%.

[0024] 4) The hydrogen production rate of the hydrogen production device of the present utility model is adjustable. The hydrogen production rate can be changed by changing the water inlet rate, and its hydrogen production speed is applicable to a 0-70W hydrogen fuel cell.

[0025] 5) The hydrogen prepared by the hydrogen production device of the present utility model has a high purity. The hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor has a filtering and separating effect at the same time, which can separate most of the water vapor, dust impurities and alkaline impurities such as NaBO2 carried in the hydrogen. The condenser in the water tank can further condense the residual water vapor in the hydrogen, and the desiccant and alkali remover in the dry filter can further dry and purify the hydrogen. The purified hydrogen can be directly supplied to the fuel cell for use.

[0026] 6) The portable power supply of the present utility model is safe to use. The hydrogen production system adopted has a stable and controllable hydrogen production rate, and there is no need to increase a buffer tank for back pressure operation. The overall hydrogen production system pressure does not exceed 0.5 bar. Moreover, the hydrolysis hydrogen production system can realize pressure automatic control. After adjusting the peristaltic pump, it can automatically return water and stop hydrogen production reaction after exceeding the preset pressure, thereby controlling the hydrogen pressure in the system and preventing accidents caused by system overpressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the portable power supply.

[0028] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a portable power supply.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of removing the cover plate on one side of the portable power supply.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of removing the cover plate on the other side of the portable power supply.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of removing the outer shell of the portable power supply.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a hydrogen production curve graph of the hydrolysis reaction.

[0033] Among them, the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1, water tank 2, filter 3, small peristaltic pump 4, hydrogen fuel cell 5, partition 6, energy storage battery 7, speed governor 8, solenoid valve 9, control board 10, outer shell 11, water tank cover 12, handle 13. Specific implementation manners

[0034] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe the specific implementation manners of the present utility model. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Embodiment 1

[0035] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power supply includes an outer shell 11, a hydrogen production device and a power supply device. The hydrogen production device is used for on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and filtration and purification of hydrogen, and the power supply device is responsible for output power supply; a partition 6 is arranged inside the outer shell 11, and the partition 6 divides the inside of the outer shell 11 into a hydrolysis hydrogen production area and a power supply area. The hydrogen production device is located in the hydrolysis hydrogen production area, and the power supply device is located in the power supply area.

[0036] The hydrogen production device includes a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1, a water tank 2, a filter 3 and a small peristaltic pump 4; the water inlet of the small peristaltic pump 4 is connected to the water tank 2 through a pipeline, and the pipeline extends into the bottom of the water tank 2. The water outlet of the small peristaltic pump 4 is connected to the water inlet of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 through a pipeline. The small peristaltic pump 4 transports the water in the water tank 2 to the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 at a certain rate (rate range: 0~1.5 ml / min) to contact with the hydrolysis hydrogen production material to start the reaction to produce hydrogen.

[0037] An air inlet and an air outlet are respectively provided on the upper tank wall of the water tank 2 (the air inlet and the air outlet are above the water level line inside the water tank 2). The air outlet of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 is connected to the air inlet of the water tank 2 through a pipeline. A spiral cooling pipe is provided inside the water tank 2, and both ends of the cooling pipe are respectively connected to the air inlet and the air outlet of the water tank 2 to ensure that the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 does not directly contact the water in the water tank 2. The air outlet of the water tank 2 is connected to the air inlet of the filter 3 through a pipeline. The air inlet of the filter 3 is located at the bottom of the filter 3, and the air outlet of the filter 3 is located at the top of the filter 3.

[0038] The cooling pipe can be a spiral thin-walled copper pipe or aluminum pipe. The cooling pipe is completely immersed in the water in the water tank 2, and the water in the water tank 2 is used to cool the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis reaction, so that the water vapor in the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis reaction is condensed and separated.

[0039] A water tank cover 12 is provided on the upper part of the water tank 2, and an opening for removing the water tank cover 12 is provided on the outer shell 11. A speed regulator 8 is also provided in the hydrogen production device. The speed regulator 8 is located on the pipeline at the water outlet of the small peristaltic pump 4 and is used to adjust the flow rate of water.

[0040] The hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 contains a powdered or granular solid hydrolysis hydrogen production material, including but not limited to a borohydride mixture mixed with a catalyst or particles obtained by granulating the mixture.

[0041] A dust filter (including but not limited to porous resin, porous filter element, etc.) and a waterproof breathable membrane are provided inside the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1. The hydrogen generated by hydrolysis hydrogen production first passes through the dust filter to filter out dust particles, and then passes through the waterproof breathable membrane to block the liquid water mist carried in the hydrogen.

[0042] The hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 uses a thin-walled aluminum tank or a PP plastic tank with a thickness less than 2 mm.

[0043] The filter 3 contains a water adsorption material (desiccant) and an acidic filter material (alkali remover) to ensure that the hydrogen after passing through the water tank can be fully filtered and purified.

[0044] Preferred water adsorption materials (desiccants) can be one or a mixture of several of molecular sieve, sponge, anhydrous calcium chloride, silica gel, cotton, activated carbon, etc.

[0045] Preferred acidic filter materials (alkali removers) can be one or a mixture of several of molecular sieve, heteropolyacid, boric acid, cation exchange resin, etc.

[0046] The power supply device includes a hydrogen fuel cell 5 (the hydrogen fuel cell 5 is a small power hydrogen fuel cell stack with a power of 30 - 50W) and a storage battery 7; the outlet of the filter 3 is connected to a pipeline, the pipeline passes through the partition 6 and is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5, and a solenoid valve 9 is provided on the pipeline connecting the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5. The hydrogen fuel cell 5 is provided with an outlet for discharging waste gas, and a solenoid valve 9 is also provided on the pipeline of the outlet.

[0047] When using hydrogen, the solenoid valve on the pipeline of the inlet is opened, and after inlet air according to the power demand, the solenoid valve is closed. The solenoid valve on the pipeline of the outlet can be set with different opening and closing times according to the power of the fuel cell stack to meet the requirements of discharging waste gas and residual water. In addition, when the solenoid valve 9 on the pipeline of the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 is closed, the pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 continues to rise until the water supply stops, and at this time, the automatic adjustment of the reaction rate is realized.

[0048] The hydrogen fuel cell 5 is connected in parallel with the storage battery 7. The hydrogen fuel cell 5 can output power externally or charge the storage battery 7. When the portable power supply outputs power with short - term over - power, the storage battery 7 can discharge to the outside at the same time, thereby improving the short - term over - power discharge performance.

[0049] The storage battery 7 supplies power to the small peristaltic pump 4.

[0050] A control board 10 for controlling is also provided in the power supply device. The control board 10 can control the solenoid valve 9 to open and close according to the program setting to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the hydrogen fuel cell 5.

[0051] A hydrogen production switch, a load switch, a switch for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell 5 to the output, a load power socket and a voltmeter are respectively provided on the outer shell 11.

[0052] As Figure 1 shown ( Figure 1 in the single - tailed arrow represents the flow direction of water, and the double - tailed arrow represents the flow direction of gas), the operation process of the portable power supply is as follows:

[0053] Before the portable power supply supplies power externally, first open the water tank cover 12 of the water tank 2, add water to the water level line, then open the hydrogen production switch, and the small peristaltic pump 4 transports water to the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor at a constant rate to start the hydrogen production reaction; the hydrogen generated by the reaction enters the hydrogen fuel cell 5 for power generation after being condensed by the cooling pipe and dried and filtered by the filter 3; when the voltmeter shows that the voltage is stable, open the load switch to output externally.

[0054] Pressure control: When the output power of the load is low, the hydrogen fuel cell 5 preferentially charges the energy storage battery 7. After the energy storage battery 7 is fully charged, the hydrogen consumption decreases, and the system pressure increases. At this time, the small peristaltic pump 4 will slow down or even stop delivering water into the water electrolysis hydrogen production reactor 1 due to unequal pressures at both ends, and thus stop producing hydrogen. When the hydrogen is consumed and the system pressure decreases, the water supply resumes again, achieving self-control.

[0055] As Figure 6 shown, within the 20-minute power supply working period, the instantaneous flow rate forms periodic and stable fluctuations, reflecting the automatic control of the stable power generation of the battery during the above pressure control process. The cumulative flow rate shows a linear increase, representing the stable accumulation of the power generation during this period, that is, proving the high efficiency and stability of the power generation of this portable power supply. Embodiment 2

[0056] As Figure 5 shown, in order to facilitate the carrying of the portable power supply, a handle 13 is installed on the outer shell 11. At the same time, the positions of switches and the like are adjusted for easy use.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a load power supply jack is arranged on the shell, a partition is arranged inside the shell, and the partition separates the inside of the shell into a hydrolysis hydrogen production area and a power supply area; the hydrolysis hydrogen production area is provided with a hydrogen production device, and the power supply area is provided with a power supply device; the hydrogen production device comprises a hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor, a water tank, a filter and a peristaltic pump; the water inlet and the water outlet of the peristaltic pump are respectively connected to the water tank and the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor through pipelines; an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the upper part of the tank wall of the water tank, the air outlet of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor is connected to the air inlet of the water tank through a pipeline, and a spiral is arranged in the water tank. A spiral condenser, and the two ends of the condenser are respectively connected to the air inlet and the air outlet of the water tank; the air outlet of the water tank is connected to the air inlet of the filter through a pipeline; the power supply device includes a hydrogen fuel cell and an energy storage battery; the air outlet of the filter is connected to a pipeline, which passes through a partition and is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is also provided with an air outlet for exhausting exhaust gas; the output end of the hydrogen fuel cell is respectively connected to the energy storage battery and the load power supply jack; the output end of the energy storage battery is respectively connected to the peristaltic pump and the load power supply jack.

2. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water tank cover is arranged on the upper part of the water tank, and an opening for removing the water tank cover is arranged on the outer shell.

3. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen production device is also provided with a speed regulator, which is connected to the peristaltic pump.

4. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor contains powdered or granular solid hydrolysis hydrogen production materials; a dust filter and a waterproof breathable membrane are arranged inside the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor.

5. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter contains water adsorbing material and acidic filtering material.

6. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply device is also provided with a solenoid valve and a control panel. The air inlet and the air outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell are both provided with solenoid valves. The control panel controls the solenoid valve to open and close according to the program setting.

7. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is respectively provided with a hydrogen production switch, a load switch, a switch for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell to the output, and a power meter; the hydrogen production switch controls the start and stop of the peristaltic pump; the load switch is used to turn on or off the power supply to the load, and the switch for connecting the hydrogen fuel cell to the output is responsible for turning on or off the external power supply of the hydrogen fuel cell; the power meter is used to display the voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell power supply.

8. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle is installed on the shell.

9. The integrated hydrogen fuel cell portable power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen production device includes a plurality of hydrolysis hydrogen production reactors, water tanks, filters and peristaltic pumps; the power supply device includes a plurality of hydrogen fuel cells and energy storage batteries.

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