Photovoltaic module state sensing device and state sensing communication architecture

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module state sensing device and a state sensing communication architecture. The photovoltaic module state sensing device comprises a sensing unit and a control unit, the sensing unit is installed at a photovoltaic module end, is connected with a photovoltaic module in series, and is used for carrying out real-time acquisition on state sensing data of voltage, current, accumulative generating capacity, temperature and position of a distributed photovoltaic module level; a direct-current carrier communication module is embedded in the sensing unit to realize communication transmission with the control unit; the control unit is installed at the tail end of a photovoltaic string and a photovoltaic power generation grid-connected point, a direct-current carrier communication module is embedded in the control unit, the control unit communicates with the sensing unit through an embedded direct-current power line carrier, and state sensing data collected and transmitted by the sensing unit are sequentially decoupled, analyzed and stored in real time. And the control unit simultaneously carries an uplink dual-mode communication module and is used for being in communication connection with the acquisition terminal to realize data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module data collection, and in particular to a photovoltaic module state sensing device and a state sensing communication architecture. Background Art

[0002] The penetration rate of distributed photovoltaics in low-voltage areas is increasing, exposing the lack of active defense sensing equipment and control devices in the areas, and the existence of a sensing and monitoring black hole in the low-voltage side area power grid. In terms of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic equipment collection and perception, the current low-voltage distributed photovoltaic access to the power grid power consumption information collection system can only achieve data interaction on the AC side inverter, and the DC side photovoltaic module equipment status monitoring means are missing. Asset file management has not yet been implemented for photovoltaic module equipment, and operational safety cannot be guaranteed.

[0003] The current status of informatization of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic components in China: there are blind spots in the component-level information of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic power stations, and there are no monitoring devices; photovoltaic equipment cannot be connected to the power consumption information collection system on the grid side, and the data link has not yet been opened. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a photovoltaic component state sensing device and a state sensing communication architecture.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic module state sensing device based on dual-mode communication networking technology is provided, comprising: a sensing unit and a control unit, wherein:

[0006] The sensor unit is installed at the end of the photovoltaic module and connected in series with the photovoltaic module to collect the state perception data of the distributed photovoltaic module level voltage, current, cumulative power generation, temperature and position in real time. The sensor unit has an embedded DC carrier communication module to realize communication transmission with the control unit.

[0007] The control unit is installed at the end of the photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic power generation grid-connected point. It has an embedded DC carrier communication module, which communicates with the sensor unit through the embedded DC power line carrier, decouples the state perception data collected and transmitted by the sensor unit in sequence, and performs real-time analysis and storage. The control unit is also equipped with an uplink dual-mode communication module for communication connection with the collection terminal to realize data transmission.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic component state perception communication architecture based on dual-mode communication networking technology including the above-mentioned photovoltaic component state perception device is provided, including: a collection master station, a collection terminal, a central coordinator, an agent coordinator, a site, a photovoltaic component state perception device, a photovoltaic component, a DC side networking communication and an AC side networking communication, wherein:

[0009] The acquisition master station communicates with the acquisition terminal through a preset network to acquire the status perception data of the photovoltaic modules;

[0010] The acquisition terminal is configured with a local central coordinator to achieve local dual-mode communication; the central coordinator is the master node in the dual-mode communication network, responsible for completing network formation control and network maintenance management functions, and networking and information interaction with the photovoltaic module status perception device through the dual-mode communication module;

[0011] The proxy coordinator is a site for relaying and forwarding data between the central coordinator and the site or between sites;

[0012] The photovoltaic module status perception device includes a sensing unit and a control unit, senses the operating status information of each photovoltaic module through the sensing unit, acquires the status perception data of each sensing unit through the control unit, and realizes networking communication and data interaction with the central coordinator through the dual-mode communication module embedded in the control unit;

[0013] The DC-side networking communication realizes the networking communication between the sensing unit and the control unit inside the photovoltaic module status perception device through DC power line carrier; the AC-side networking communication realizes the communication between the acquisition master station and the acquisition terminal through the preset network, and the acquisition terminal communicates with the photovoltaic module status perception device through the dual-mode communication module.

[0014] Optionally, the preset network includes 4G network, 5G network, wireless public network, private network and Ethernet.

[0015] Optionally, the dual-mode communication module adopts a complementary communication method of high-speed power line carrier HPLC + high-speed micro-power wireless HRF.

[0016] Optionally, the network protocol stack of the dual-mode communication module includes three levels: application layer, data link layer and physical layer. The application layer realizes the service data interaction between the local dual-mode communication module of the control unit and other dual-mode communication modules, and completes data transmission through the data link layer; the data link layer realizes the networking, network maintenance, routing management of the dual-mode communication module on the photovoltaic module side and the aggregation and distribution of application layer messages; the physical layer realizes encoding and modulating the data link layer data message into a high-speed carrier signal or a micro-power wireless signal, sending it to the power line medium or radiating it into space, and demodulating the high-speed carrier signal or micro-power wireless signal of the power line medium into a data message and handing it over to the data link layer.

[0017] Thus, through the data collection and analysis of individual photovoltaic modules, the utility model solves the monitoring and control problems of current low-voltage distributed photovoltaic equipment at a relatively low cost, realizes the safe and intelligent perception of the state information of the photovoltaic modules in the power station, combines the business functions of each node and the dual-mode communication method, designs a dual-mode communication architecture suitable for low-voltage distributed photovoltaic systems, and provides technical support for the visibility, measurability, and controllability of large-scale low-voltage distributed photovoltaic power stations after connecting to the power grid. By accurately pointing out the location of the module with abnormal electrical parameters, fault description, and data modeling, and prescribing the right remedy, the expensive on-site inspection and problem diagnosis costs can be saved, enabling technicians to intervene on the faulty modules. This helps to save up to 50% of the maintenance cost and increase the power station performance by up to 7%. It can achieve cost recovery and generate significant profits, greatly reducing the investment while expanding the functions, and providing technical support for the subsequent implementation of the pilot work of rooftop distributed photovoltaics in the whole county.

[0018] From the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will become more apparent about the above and other objects, advantages, and features of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Some specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in an exemplary but not restrictive manner. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar components or parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module state perception device and a photovoltaic module state perception communication architecture based on dual-mode communication networking technology according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a diagram showing the hierarchical division of the dual-mode communication network protocol stack of the photovoltaic module state perception device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a multi-network topology diagram of dual-mode communication according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present utility model, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so as to describe the embodiments of the present utility model here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0027] In view of the problems existing in the background technology and in combination with the actual business requirements of the current power grid, the present utility model proposes a photovoltaic module state perception device based on dual-mode communication networking technology and its data communication method, aiming to effectively solve the problem of monitoring and control of photovoltaic module devices at low cost. The present utility model adopts dual-mode communication technology to solve the problem of medium obstacles in cable communication between the AC and DC sides of distributed photovoltaic with a complementary communication method of high-speed power line carrier + high-speed micro-power wireless (HPLC + HRF) at low voltage, significantly reducing the wiring cost and the cost of network investment, and realizing transparency of information such as component-level voltage, current, and temperature; through the standardized adaptation of the power grid-side power consumption information acquisition communication protocol, data interaction between the power grid-side acquisition device and the photovoltaic module is realized.

[0028] Dual-mode communication is adopted, with a high-speed dual-mode hybrid network topology having two channels. In dual-mode communication networking, a "many-to-many" relationship is established between wired and wireless devices. Nodes with power line broadband carrier communication or micro-power wireless communication functions can be interconnected and transmit data to each other, which is used for the perception data transmission of photovoltaic modules, enabling efficient data interaction with the power consumption information acquisition system and supporting the distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system based on the power consumption information acquisition system.

[0029] Currently, the main station of the power system acquisition mainly realizes data communication between the acquisition terminal and the downstream devices through dual-mode communication technology. At present, the dual-mode technology has been applied to the communication networking architecture of residential electricity meters, but the data acquisition service on the distributed photovoltaic module side has not been incorporated into the existing dual-mode communication networking architecture. The purpose of this utility model is to form a dynamic conversion mechanism between the photovoltaic module information protocol and the power consumption information acquisition system protocol by constructing a distributed photovoltaic dual-mode communication networking architecture, so as to realize the efficient interaction between the information collected by the photovoltaic modules and the main station of the power system acquisition.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module state perception device based on the dual-mode communication networking technology according to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application. Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module state perception device based on the dual-mode communication networking technology includes: a sensing unit and a control unit, where,

[0031] The sensing unit is installed at the photovoltaic module end and is connected in series with the photovoltaic module, and is used for real-time acquisition of the state perception data of the distributed photovoltaic module-level voltage, current, cumulative power generation, temperature and position. The sensing unit is embedded with a DC carrier communication module to realize communication transmission with the control unit;

[0032] The control unit is installed at the end of the photovoltaic string and the grid connection point of photovoltaic power generation. It is embedded with a DC carrier communication module and communicates with the sensing unit through the embedded DC power line carrier, decouples the state perception data collected and transmitted by the sensing unit in sequence, and performs real-time analysis and storage; the control unit is also equipped with an uplink dual-mode communication module for communicating with the acquisition terminal to realize data transmission.

[0033] Specifically, the sensing unit is characterized in that it is installed at the photovoltaic module end, is connected in series with the photovoltaic module, and performs real-time acquisition of data such as the distributed photovoltaic module-level voltage, current, cumulative power generation, temperature and position, and is embedded with a DC carrier communication module to realize communication transmission;

[0034] The control unit is characterized in that it is installed at the end of the string and the grid connection point of photovoltaic power generation, is embedded with a DC carrier communication module, communicates with the sensing unit through the DC power line carrier, decouples the data collected and transmitted by the sensing unit in sequence, and performs real-time analysis and storage; the control unit is also equipped with an uplink dual-mode communication module.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 As shown, according to the second aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic module status perception communication architecture based on dual-mode communication networking technology including the above photovoltaic module status perception device is provided, comprising: a collection master station, a collection terminal, a central coordinator (Central Coordinator, abbreviated as CCO), a proxy coordinator (Proxy Coordinator, abbreviated as PCO), a station (Station, abbreviated as STA), a photovoltaic module status perception device, a photovoltaic module, DC-side networking communication, and AC-side networking communication. Among them,

[0036] The collection master station communicates with the collection terminal through a preset network to collect the status perception data of the photovoltaic modules;

[0037] The collection terminal is configured with a local central coordinator to implement local dual-mode communication; the central coordinator is the main node in the dual-mode communication network, responsible for completing networking control and network maintenance management functions (corresponding device entities such as the local communication unit of the collection terminal on the grid side, etc.), and networking and information interaction with the photovoltaic module status perception device through a dual-mode communication module;

[0038] The proxy coordinator is a station for relaying and forwarding data between the central coordinator and the station or between stations;

[0039] The photovoltaic module status perception device includes a sensing unit and a control unit, senses the operating status information of each photovoltaic module through the sensing unit, collects the status perception data of each sensing unit through the control unit, and realizes networking communication and data interaction with the central coordinator through the dual-mode communication module (station) embedded in the control unit;

[0040] The DC-side networking communication realizes the networking communication between the sensing unit and the control unit inside the photovoltaic module status perception device through DC power line carrier; the AC-side networking communication realizes the communication between the collection master station and the collection terminal through a preset network, and the collection terminal communicates with the photovoltaic module status perception device through a dual-mode communication module.

[0041] Specifically, to solve the monitoring and control problems of current low-voltage distributed photovoltaic devices at a lower cost, achieve 100% transparency of the power station performance and functions, and save the high operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic power stations, the present utility model provides a photovoltaic module state perception device and its data communication method based on dual-mode communication networking technology, including a photovoltaic module sensing unit, a photovoltaic module control unit, a dual-mode communication module, a collection terminal, and a main station for collecting electricity consumption information. Among them, the photovoltaic module sensing unit and the photovoltaic module control unit communicate through DC power line carrier technology. The photovoltaic module control unit is designed with a general interface for the dual-mode communication module and communicates with the Station (abbreviated as STA), the Proxy Coordinator (abbreviated as PCO), and the Central Coordinator (abbreviated as CCO) using dual-mode technology. The Central Coordinator communicates with the main collection station using different communication methods such as wireless public networks, private networks, or Ethernet (including but not limited to 5G, 4G, etc.). Among them, the Station in the present utility model refers to a slave node in the dual-mode communication network, and the corresponding device entity is the dual-mode communication module inserted into the photovoltaic module control unit. The Proxy Coordinator in the present utility model refers to a station that relays and forwards data between the Central Coordinator and the Station or between stations. The Central Coordinator in the present utility model refers to the master node in the dual-mode communication network, which is responsible for completing functions such as network formation control and network maintenance management, and the corresponding device entity is the local communication unit of the concentrator on the grid side. The communication architecture is as Figure 1 shown.

[0042] The dual-mode communication network protocol stack includes three levels: the application layer, the data link layer, and the physical layer. The application layer can realize the service data interaction between the local dual-mode communication module of the photovoltaic module control unit and other dual-mode communication modules, and complete data transmission through the data link layer. The data link layer can realize the network formation, network maintenance, routing management of the dual-mode communication network on the photovoltaic module side, and the aggregation and distribution of the application layer message. The physical layer can encode and modulate the data link layer data message into a high-speed carrier signal or a micro-power wireless signal, and then send it to the power line medium or radiate it into space; receive the high-speed carrier signal or micro-power wireless signal of the power line medium, demodulate it into a data message, and hand it over to the data link layer. The basic structure is as Figure 2 shown.

[0043] As Figure 3As shown, the utility model reports information such as photovoltaic module-level voltage, current, temperature, and GPS to the acquisition master station through the HPLC+HRF networking of the photovoltaic module status sensing device and the communication between the acquisition terminal and the acquisition master station. The acquisition master station should have a valuable low-voltage distributed photovoltaic module status analysis library. All module-level measurement data will be transmitted to the master station for comparative analysis to obtain clear analysis results, display all measurement results, and also show all power station module-level faults, giving the preliminary analysis of the fault causes and solutions. When a photovoltaic module fault occurs, such as a voltage loss of the photovoltaic module, the position of each module in the string can be accurately located. While having a fault list of all affected components with specific voltage losses, the acquisition master station can distinguish between shadow occlusion and voltage loss, providing a clear guidance and guiding service for on-site technicians, and the database tracks and records for perfect fault management. The control module of the photovoltaic module status sensing device can also detect component-level fault arcs on the DC side and perform fast shutdown processing by locally analyzing information such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the corresponding components, thus ensuring the life and property safety of photovoltaic users.

[0044] Among them, the status sensing data is shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Thus, the utility model solves the monitoring and control problems of current low-voltage distributed photovoltaic equipment at a relatively low cost through the data acquisition and analysis of individual photovoltaic modules, realizes the safe and intelligent perception of the status information of power station photovoltaic modules, combines the business functions of each node and the dual-mode communication method, designs a dual-mode communication architecture suitable for low-voltage distributed photovoltaic systems, and provides technical support for the visibility, measurability, and controllability of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic power stations after large-scale grid connection. By accurately pointing out the positions of components with abnormal electrical parameters, fault descriptions, and data modeling, and prescribing the right medicine, it can save the expensive cost of on-site inspection and diagnosis problems, enable technicians to intervene on faulty components, which helps to save up to 50% of the maintenance cost and increase the power station performance by up to 7%. It can achieve cost recovery and generate greater profits, greatly reducing the investment while expanding functions, and providing technical support for the subsequent development of the pilot work of rooftop distributed photovoltaics in the whole county.

[0049] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements, numerical expressions, and numerical values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model. At the same time, it should be understood that for the sake of convenience in description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the said technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0050] For the sake of convenience in description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature shown in the drawings with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding explanations should be made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0051] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal", and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description. Without contrary description, these orientation terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model; the orientation terms "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0052] As mentioned above, the above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module status sensing device based on dual-mode communication networking technology, characterized in that: It comprises: a sensing unit and a control unit, wherein: The sensing unit is installed at the photovoltaic module end and connected in series with the photovoltaic module to collect the state perception data of the distributed photovoltaic module level voltage, current, cumulative power generation, temperature and position in real time. The sensing unit has an embedded DC carrier communication module to realize communication transmission with the control unit; The control unit is installed at the end of the photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic power generation grid-connected point, and has an embedded DC carrier communication module. It communicates with the sensor unit through the embedded DC power line carrier, decouples the state perception data collected and transmitted by the sensor unit in sequence, and performs real-time analysis and storage; the control unit is also equipped with an uplink dual-mode communication module for communicating with the collection terminal to realize data transmission.

2. A photovoltaic module state perception communication architecture based on dual-mode communication networking technology, comprising the photovoltaic module state perception device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The main acquisition station, the acquisition terminal, the central coordinator, the agent coordinator, the station, the photovoltaic module state sensing device, the photovoltaic module, the DC side networking communication and the AC side networking communication, wherein: The acquisition master station communicates with the acquisition terminal through a preset network to collect the status perception data of the photovoltaic components; The acquisition terminal is configured with the local central coordinator to realize local dual-mode communication; the central coordinator is the master node in the dual-mode communication network, responsible for completing the networking control and network maintenance management functions, and performs networking and information exchange with the photovoltaic module status sensing device through the dual-mode communication module; The proxy coordinator is a site that relays and forwards data between the central coordinator and the site or between sites; The photovoltaic module state sensing device includes a sensing unit and a control unit, wherein the operating state information of each photovoltaic module is sensed by the sensing unit, the state sensing data of each sensing unit is collected by the control unit, and the network communication and data interaction with the central coordinator are realized by the dual-mode communication module embedded in the control unit; The DC side networking communication realizes the networking communication between the sensor unit and the control unit inside the photovoltaic component status sensing device through a DC power line carrier; the AC side networking communication realizes the communication between the acquisition master station and the acquisition terminal through a preset network, and the acquisition terminal communicates with the photovoltaic component status sensing device through a dual-mode communication module.

3. The photovoltaic module state perception communication architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset networks include 4G network, 5G network, private network and Ethernet.

4. The photovoltaic module state perception communication architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual-mode communication module adopts a complementary communication mode of high-speed power line carrier HPLC+high-speed micro-power wireless HRF.

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