Crawler-type harvester with rear counterweight

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crawler-type harvester with a rear counterweight, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a crawler walking mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a harvesting header, a feeding mechanism, a threshing mechanism and a grain box. A counterweight mechanism for adjusting the gravity center of the harvester is arranged at the tail end above the crawler walking mechanism; the harvesting header, the feeding mechanism and the threshing mechanism are detachably connected in sequence; the threshing mechanism is arranged above the cleaning mechanism on the crawler walking mechanism and is communicated with the cleaning mechanism; the harvesting header and the feeding mechanism are arranged at the front end of the crawler walking mechanism; the grain box is arranged on one side of the cleaning mechanism and communicates with the cleaning mechanism. The crawler walking mode is adopted, and the trafficability in soft land parcels and depressions is good; the threshing mechanism is arranged, so that corn kernels can be directly harvested; the harvesting header can be replaced by harvesting headers matched with different types, the gravity center of the vehicle is adjusted by adjusting the balance weight mechanism, harvesting of various crops is achieved, and one machine has multiple purposes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a crawler-type harvester with a rear counterweight. Background Art

[0002] The invention patent with the patent publication number CN111615918A discloses a corn header device, a corn kernel harvesting system and a corn kernel harvester, which can remove corn ears from corn stalks during the movement of the machine and send them to the threshing system in the frame for threshing, thereby achieving the goal of mechanized online harvesting, and using the threshing system to achieve online threshing to separate corn kernels, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of corn harvesting and reducing the labor intensity of workers. However, the invention patent still has shortcomings: the machine adopts a wheeled walking scheme, which is easy to get stuck when working in soft plots and depressions, and has poor passing ability.

[0003] The utility model with authorization announcement number CN219146165U discloses a crawler corn stalk and ear harvester, which adopts a crawler walking mode to solve the problems of soft plots, depressions and even muddy plots. However, the machine harvests peeled corn ears, and a threshing process is required after harvesting, which has poor efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a crawler harvester with a rear counterweight, which adopts a crawler walking mode and has good passability in soft plots and depressions and can directly harvest corn kernels, thereby achieving high operating efficiency.

[0005] The utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A crawler harvester with a rear counterweight, comprising a crawler traveling mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a harvesting header, a feeding mechanism, a threshing mechanism and a grain box; a counterweight mechanism for adjusting the center of gravity of the harvester is provided at the tail end above the crawler traveling mechanism; the harvesting header, the feeding mechanism and the threshing mechanism are detachably connected in sequence; the threshing mechanism is arranged above the cleaning mechanism located on the crawler traveling mechanism and is connected to the cleaning mechanism; the harvesting header and the feeding mechanism are arranged at the front end of the crawler traveling mechanism; the grain box is arranged at one side of the cleaning mechanism and is connected to the cleaning mechanism.

[0007] As an optional technical solution of the utility model, the crawler walking mechanism includes a lower frame, on which a driving wheel, supporting rollers, guide wheels and guide rails are provided; the driving wheel, supporting rollers and guide wheels slide along the guide rails, and the crawler is provided on the periphery of the driving wheel, supporting rollers and guide wheels.

[0008] As an alternative technical solution of the present utility model, an upper frame is provided above the lower frame, and a counterweight mechanism is provided at the tail end of the upper frame; the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight block and a fixed clamping plate, and the fixed clamping plate is used to clamp and fix the counterweight block.

[0009] As an alternative technical solution of the present utility model, the cleaning mechanism is provided above the upper frame.

[0010] As an alternative technical solution of the present utility model, the harvesting header includes a header frame, a spiral auger, pulling rollers, a reel chain, a divider, and a rotating cone; the spiral auger is provided on the header frame, several pulling rollers are provided at the front end of the spiral auger, the reel chain is provided above the pulling rollers, the divider is provided at the front end of the reel chain, and the rotating cone is provided on both sides of the header frame.

[0011] As an alternative technical solution of the present utility model, the threshing mechanism includes a U-shaped sieve, a threshing cylinder, rake rods, a cylinder cover plate, and a guide plate; the threshing cylinder is provided above the U-shaped sieve, several rake rods are provided on the threshing cylinder, the cylinder cover plate is provided above the threshing cylinder, and several guide plates are provided on the cylinder cover plate.

[0012] As an alternative technical solution of the present utility model, the cleaning mechanism includes a vibrating sieve, a centrifugal fan, a grain auger, and a waste auger; a screen is provided on the vibrating sieve; the centrifugal fan, the grain auger, and the waste auger are sequentially provided below the vibrating sieve from front to back; the air outlet of the centrifugal fan is located at the front end of the vibrating sieve, the grain auger communicates with the grain box, and the outlet of the waste auger is located above the front end of the vibrating sieve.

[0013] As an alternative technical solution of the present utility model, it further includes a driving control system, which is provided above the crawler traveling mechanism.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0015] The crawler-type harvester with rear counterweight provided by the present utility model adopts a crawler traveling mode, and has good passability in soft soil plots and depressions; a threshing mechanism is provided, which can directly harvest corn kernels, with high operation efficiency and improved economic benefits; the harvesting header can be replaced with headers matching different varieties, and the vehicle center of gravity can be adjusted by adjusting the counterweight mechanism to realize the harvesting of multiple crops and multi-purpose use of one machine. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crawler-type harvester with rear counterweight in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crawler traveling mechanism in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the threshing mechanism and the cleaning mechanism in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the corn ear header and the feeding mechanism in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] The markings in the figure are: 1, crawler traveling mechanism; 2, cleaning mechanism; 3, threshing mechanism; 4, grain box; 5, feeding mechanism; 6, harvesting header; 7, lower frame; 8, upper frame; 9, driving wheel; 10, supporting wheel; 11, guide wheel; 12, guide rail; 13, crawler; 14, driving and operating system; 15, counterweight mechanism; 16, counterweight block; 17, fixed clamping plate; 18, vibrating screen; 19, centrifugal fan; 20, grain auger; 21, residue auger; 22, U-shaped sieve; 23, threshing cylinder; 24, rake rod; 25, cylinder cover plate; 26, threshing cylinder; 27, header frame; 28, spiral auger; 29, pulling stem roller; 30, reel; 31, divider; 32, rotating cone. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] This embodiment provides a crawler-type harvester with a rear counterweight, as Figure 1 and 2 shown, including a crawler traveling mechanism 1, a cleaning mechanism 2, a harvesting header 6, a feeding mechanism 5, a threshing mechanism 3, a grain box 4, and a driving and operating system 14.

[0024] In this embodiment, the harvesting header 6 can be replaced with a header suitable for different varieties. Taking corn as an example in this embodiment, the harvesting header 6 adopts a corn ear header.

[0025] Specifically, a counterweight mechanism 15 for adjusting the center of gravity of the harvester is provided at the tail end above the crawler traveling mechanism 1. The corn ear header, the feeding mechanism 5, and the threshing mechanism 3 are detachably connected in sequence. The threshing mechanism 3 is arranged above the cleaning mechanism 2 located on the crawler traveling mechanism 1 and is communicated with the cleaning mechanism 2. The corn ear header and the feeding mechanism 5 are arranged at the front end of the crawler traveling mechanism 1. The grain box 4 is arranged on one side of the cleaning mechanism 2 and is communicated with the cleaning mechanism 2. The driving and operating system 14 is arranged above the crawler traveling mechanism 1.

[0026] Working principle:

[0027] The corn ear header picks the corn ears from the straws. The corn ears are transported to the threshing mechanism 3 through the feeding mechanism 5 for threshing. The threshed corn cobs, husks and corn kernels enter the cleaning mechanism 2. The corn cobs and husks are thrown out by the cleaning mechanism 2, and the corn kernels are transported by the cleaning mechanism 2 to the kernel box 4 to realize the collection of corn kernels.

[0028] Embodiment 2

[0029] On the basis of Embodiment 1, taking the harvesting of corn as an example, this embodiment provides the specific implementation manners of each mechanism of the harvester.

[0030] As Figure 2 shown, the crawler traveling mechanism 1 further includes a lower frame 7. A driving wheel 9, a supporting wheel 10, a guiding wheel 11 and a guide rail 12 are provided on the lower frame 7. The driving wheel 9, the supporting wheel 10 and the guiding wheel 11 slide along the guide rail 12, and the crawler 13 is provided on the outer peripheries of the driving wheel 9, the supporting wheel 10 and the guiding wheel 11.

[0031] Furthermore, an upper frame 8 is provided above the lower frame 7, and a counterweight mechanism 15 is provided at the tail end of the upper frame 8. The cleaning mechanism 2 is provided above the upper frame 8.

[0032] Furthermore, the counterweight mechanism 15 includes counterweight blocks 16 and fixing clamping plates 17. The fixing clamping plates 17 are used to clamp and fix the counterweight blocks 16. In this embodiment, when disassembling the corn ear header and replacing it with a harvesting header for other crops, the number of counterweight blocks 16 can be adjusted according to the harvesting header to adjust the center of gravity of the whole vehicle, so as to realize the harvesting of multiple crops and make the machine multi-functional.

[0033] In this embodiment, the crawler traveling mechanism 1 adopts an iron rigid structure.

[0034] As Figure 4 shown, the corn ear header is used to pick the corn ears from the straws. The corn ear header includes a header frame 27, a spiral auger 28, pulling rollers 29, a reel 30, a divider 31 and a rotating cone 32. The spiral auger 28 is provided on the header frame 27. A plurality of pulling rollers 29 are provided at the front end of the spiral auger 28. The reel 30 is provided above the pulling rollers 29. The divider 31 is provided at the front end of the reel 30. The rotating cone 32 is provided on both sides of the header frame 27. The spiral auger 28 is used to convey the corn ears to the feeding mechanism 5. The feeding mechanism 5 transports the corn ears to the threshing mechanism 3.

[0035] Furthermore, the spiral auger 28, the pulling rollers 29, the reel 30 and the rotating cone 32 rotate simultaneously during operation.

[0036] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the cleaning mechanism 2 is used to screen out corn kernels. The cleaning mechanism 2 includes a vibrating screen 18, a centrifugal fan 19, a kernel auger 20 and a residue auger 21. A screen mesh is provided on the vibrating screen 18. The centrifugal fan 19, the kernel auger 20 and the residue auger 21 are sequentially arranged below the vibrating screen 18 from front to back. The air outlet of the centrifugal fan 19 is located at the front end of the vibrating screen 18. The kernel auger 20 communicates with the kernel box 4, and the outlet of the residue auger 21 is located above the front end of the vibrating screen 18.

[0037] Further, in this embodiment, the specification of the screen mesh is 1.9 cm × 1.9 cm.

[0038] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the threshing mechanism 3 is used to separate the corn kernels from the corn cobs. The threshing mechanism 3 includes a U-shaped screen 22, a threshing cylinder 23, a rake rod 24, a cylinder cover plate 25 and a guide plate 26. The threshing cylinder 23 is arranged above the U-shaped screen 22. A number of rake rods 24 are provided on the threshing cylinder 23, and the threshing cylinder 23 drives the rake rods 24 to rotate at high speed. The cylinder cover plate 25 is arranged above the threshing cylinder 23, and a number of guide plates 26 are arranged on the cylinder cover plate 25. The angle of the guide plates 26 is adjustable, and by changing the angle, the moving speed of the corn cobs is changed.

[0039] Further, in this embodiment, the threshing mechanism 3 is arranged above the cleaning mechanism 2.

[0040] Working principle:

[0041] During harvesting, the divider 31 guides the corn straws into rows and feeds them to the reel 30. The reel 30 moves the straws to the pulling roller 29, and the pulling roller 29 pulls the corn cobs off the straws. The straws fall to the ground through the gaps between adjacent pulling rollers 29. The cobs are conveyed to the spiral auger 28, and the spiral auger 28 rotates to push the corn cobs into the feeding mechanism 5. The feeding mechanism 5 conveys the corn cobs into the threshing mechanism 3. When the corn straws are lodged, when the divider 31 guides the straws, the rotating cone 32 pushes the straws into the reel 30 for collecting the corn cobs.

[0042] The corn cobs entering the threshing mechanism 3 are diverted backward by the guide plate 26 and fall onto the threshing cylinder 23. The rapidly rotating rake rods 24 separate the corn cobs into corn cobs, husks, and corn kernels. The air blown by the centrifugal fan 19 blows out most of the husks and fine impurities. The corn kernels and corn cobs fall onto the vibrating screen 18. The vibrating screen 18 vibrates from front to back, and the corn cobs and large particle impurities are thrown out by the vibrating screen 18. The corn kernels and small particle impurities fall through the screen mesh. The heavier corn kernels fall to the front grain auger 20, and the grain auger 20 transports the corn kernels into the grain bin 4. Under the action of the centrifugal fan 19, the lighter impurities and some corn kernels fall to the rear residue auger 21, and the residue auger 21 transports the corn kernels containing impurities to the vibrating screen 18 for re-screening and impurity removal.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crawler harvester with a rear counterweight, characterized in that: it includes a crawler traveling mechanism (1), a cleaning mechanism (2), a harvesting header (6), a feeding mechanism (5), a threshing mechanism (3) and a grain tank (4); a counterweight mechanism (15) for adjusting the center of gravity of the harvester is provided at the tail end above the crawler traveling mechanism (1); the harvesting header (6), the feeding mechanism (5) and the threshing mechanism (3) are detachably connected in sequence; the threshing mechanism (3) is arranged above the cleaning mechanism (2) located on the crawler traveling mechanism (1) and is communicated with the cleaning mechanism (2); the harvesting header (6) and the feeding mechanism (5) are arranged at the front end of the crawler traveling mechanism (1); the grain tank (4) is arranged on one side of the cleaning mechanism (2) and is communicated with the cleaning mechanism (2).

2. The crawler harvester with a rear counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crawler traveling mechanism (1) includes a lower frame (7), and a driving wheel (9), a supporting wheel (10), a guiding wheel (11) and a guide rail (12) are provided on the lower frame (7); the driving wheel (9), the supporting wheel (10) and the guiding wheel (11) slide along the guide rail (12), and a crawler (13) is arranged on the outer periphery of the driving wheel (9), the supporting wheel (10) and the guiding wheel (11).

3. The crawler harvester with a rear counterweight according to claim 2, characterized in that: an upper frame (8) is provided above the lower frame (7), and a counterweight mechanism (15) is provided at the tail end of the upper frame (8); the counterweight mechanism (15) includes a counterweight block (16) and a fixed clamping plate (17), and the fixed clamping plate (17) is used for clamping and fixing the counterweight block (16).

4. The crawler harvester with a rear counterweight according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cleaning mechanism (2) is arranged above the upper frame (8).

5. The crawler harvester with a rear counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: the harvesting header (6) includes a header frame (27), a spiral auger (28), a pulling roller (29), a reel chain (30), a divider (31) and a rotating cone (32); the spiral auger (28) is arranged on the header frame (27), several pulling rollers (29) are arranged at the front end of the spiral auger (28), the reel chain (30) is arranged above the pulling roller (29), the divider (31) is arranged at the front end of the reel chain (30), and the rotating cone (32) is arranged on both sides of the header frame (27).

6. The crawler harvester with a rear counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: the threshing mechanism (3) includes a U-shaped sieve (22), a threshing cylinder (23), a rake rod (24), a cylinder cover plate (25) and a guide plate (26); the threshing cylinder (23) is arranged above the U-shaped sieve (22), several rake rods (24) are arranged on the threshing cylinder (23), the cylinder cover plate (25) is arranged above the threshing cylinder (23), and several guide plates (26) are arranged on the cylinder cover plate (25).

7. The crawler harvester with rear counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cleaning mechanism (2) includes a vibrating screen (18), a centrifugal fan (19), a grain auger (20) and a residue auger (21); a screen mesh is provided on the vibrating screen (18); the centrifugal fan (19), the grain auger (20) and the residue auger (21) are sequentially arranged below the vibrating screen (18) from front to back; the air outlet of the centrifugal fan (19) is located at the front end of the vibrating screen (18), the grain auger (20) communicates with the grain tank (4), and the outlet of the residue auger (21) is located above the front end of the vibrating screen (18).

8. The crawler harvester with rear counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further includes a driving control system (14) arranged above the crawler running mechanism (1).

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