Single-tower multi-purpose CO2 absorption and analysis system for experiment teaching

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, in particular to a single-tower multi-purpose CO2 absorption and analysis system for experiment teaching. The system comprises an equipment platform which is fixed on the basis of a supporting frame, and equipment, devices and pipelines in an absorption and analysis unit, a heating and condensing unit, a measurement and detection unit and a control and display unit are fixedly mounted on the equipment platform. Wherein the absorption and desorption unit comprises a water tank, a liquid circulating pump and single-tower equipment which is internally filled with filler and is used for CO2 absorption and desorption. According to the utility model, based on a specific application scene of a teaching experiment, a single-tower multi-purpose carbon capture absorption and analysis system is innovatively designed; the utilization rate of instruments and equipment is increased, the occupied area of the device is reduced, and miniaturization is further achieved on the basis of a conventional method; and the whole device is simple in structure, low in cost, easy to disassemble and assemble and convenient to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture (absorption), and specifically relates to a single-tower multi-purpose CO 2 absorption and desorption system for experimental teaching. Background Technique

[0002] Since the first industrial revolution, the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) generated by the combustion of fossil fuels has been continuously rising in the atmosphere. By 2023, the volume fraction of CO 2 has reached more than 420 ppm. The continuously increasing carbon emissions have led to a 1.1°C rise in the global average temperature. In the foreseeable future, fossil fuels will still be the main source of carbon emissions. Achieving carbon capture is the premise for carbon source conversion and utilization and solving global warming. At present, CO 2 capture technologies mainly include membrane capture technology, chemical capture, physical capture technology, and chemical-physical capture technology. Chemical capture is the capture technology that is more widely used at present.

[0003] The chemical engineering principle experiment course is a core course for chemical engineering majors. It is a practical course mainly focusing on the principles and equipment of chemical engineering unit operation processes and featuring experimental research methods for dealing with engineering problems. Through the combination of chemical engineering principle theory, experimental theory, and devices, students can deepen their understanding of knowledge points during the experiment, which plays an important role in cultivating students' engineering ability, innovative thinking, innovation ability, and safety and environmental protection awareness. Therefore, providing appropriate teaching instruments and equipment can reproduce natural phenomena and explore scientific principles through teaching instruments in experimental-based disciplines, enabling students to rise from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge of natural laws, which is an essential way of learning.

[0004] However, the carbon capture devices described in currently published literature or provided by manufacturers themselves have technical defects such as high capture energy consumption, high gas-liquid ratio, large device footprint, complex device structure, and process flow. If only the device shape is reduced and the process is simplified based on the existing carbon capture device and process flow, and then it is used for teaching experiment purposes, it often leads to difficulties in application in teaching and research activities. In addition, due to production process requirements, existing carbon capture devices are all of double-tower structure, occupying a large area; the corresponding auxiliary equipment such as instruments and pipelines need to be configured for the double-tower structure, resulting in high overall construction cost and low equipment utilization rate, and it is difficult to apply to teaching activities with limited funds. For example, Chinese invention application (202211155642.X) discloses a carbon dioxide capture system with a reflux circulation function and its capture method. To a certain extent, the floor area of the carbon capture system is reduced, but the double-tower structure has not been changed, and the overall floor structure is still large, making it difficult to be transformed for teaching.

[0005] In view of the current difficulty in obtaining a carbon capture teaching device suitable for experimental teaching purposes, it is clearly in line with the actual needs to propose a new improved solution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a single-tower multi-purpose CO 2 absorption and desorption system for experimental teaching.

[0007] To solve the technical problem, the solution of the present utility model is:

[0008] Provide a single-tower multi-purpose CO 2 absorption and desorption system for experimental teaching, which system includes an absorption and desorption unit, a heating and condensation unit, a measurement and detection unit, a control and display unit, and a support structure unit; wherein,

[0009] The absorption and desorption unit includes a water tank and a liquid circulation pump, as well as a single-tower device filled with packing inside for CO 2 absorption and desorption; there is an absorption liquid spray inlet and an exhaust gas discharge port at the top of the tower, and an absorption liquid discharge port and a carbon-containing gas inlet at the bottom of the tower; the absorption liquid discharge port is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, the inlet end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, and its outlet end is connected to the absorption liquid spray inlet through a pipeline, thus forming an absorption liquid circulation loop based on a single tower; the CO 2 gas inlet is connected to a compressed gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the exhaust gas discharge port is connected to a drying tube through a pipeline and finally discharged to the atmosphere;

[0010] The heating and condensation unit includes an electric heater and a condenser; wherein, the electric heater is respectively arranged inside the water tank and at the end of the pipeline connected to the absorption liquid spray inlet; the top of the condenser is connected to the top of the water tank through a steam pipeline, and the bottom is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, thus forming a steam condensation loop; there is also an exhaust gas discharge port on the condenser, which is connected to the atmosphere through a pipeline;

[0011] The measurement and detection unit includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a liquid level gauge, a mass flow meter, a power meter, a flow meter or a carbon dioxide detector appropriately arranged on the equipment or pipeline, and each sensor and detection device are respectively connected to the control and display unit through signal lines;

[0012] The control and display unit is composed of a PLC controller, a touch control screen, a circuit breaker, an AC contactor, a relay, a switching power supply and a distribution box; the liquid circulation pump, each sensor and detection device are connected to the PLC controller through signal lines; the liquid circulation pump is also connected to the switching power supply through a wire; solenoid valves are arranged on each pipeline in the absorption and desorption unit and the heating and condensation unit, and the solenoid valves are connected to the PLC controller through signal lines;

[0013] The support structure unit includes a support frame and an equipment platform. Each of the aforementioned equipment, devices, and pipelines is fixedly installed on the equipment platform, and the equipment platform is fixed based on the support frame.

[0014] As an improved solution, the liquid circulation pump is a gear pump; the packing inside the single-tower equipment is Raschig ring packing, the height of the packing is equal to the diameter, and the size is 25 mm to 75 mm.

[0015] As an improved solution, the packing inside the single-tower equipment is filled in two upper and lower beds; pipelines are led out from the middle of the lower bed and connected to the inlet of the inter-stage cooler, and pipelines are led out from the middle of the upper bed and connected to the outlet of the inter-stage cooler, thereby forming a packing inter-stage cooling circulation loop.

[0016] As an improved solution, there are multiple compressed gas cylinders arranged in parallel, and different concentrations of CO 2 -containing gases are contained in each compressed gas cylinder.

[0017] As an improved solution, gas sampling ports are respectively arranged on the gas inlet pipeline connecting the compressed gas cylinders and on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the drying pipe.

[0018] As an improved solution, a liquid sampling port is arranged at the bottom of the water tank and on the pipeline connecting the absorption liquid spray inlet.

[0019] As an improved solution, there are two water tanks arranged in parallel, and the two water tanks are connected by a pipeline, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the pipeline; the pipeline connecting the absorption liquid discharge port and the steam pipeline are respectively connected to the tops of the two water tanks through electromagnetic three-way pipes, and the inlet end of the liquid circulation pump and the bottom of the condenser are respectively connected to the bottoms of the two water tanks through pipelines.

[0020] As an improved solution, the absorption and desorption unit further includes a reflux pipeline connecting the outlet end of the liquid circulation pump and the top of the water tank, thereby forming an absorption liquid circulation loop based on the water tank.

[0021] As an improved solution, the control and display unit further includes a distribution box, and the PLC controller, circuit breaker, AC contactor, relay, and switching power supply are all arranged inside the distribution box, and the touch control screen is arranged on the surface of the distribution box body.

[0022] As an improved solution, the equipment platform has two layers, which are respectively arranged at the bottom and the middle of the support frame; the bottom of the single-tower equipment is fixed on the lower equipment platform, its main body passes through the upper equipment platform and is flush with the top of the support frame; the water tank and the liquid circulation pump are fixed on the lower equipment platform, the control and display unit and the condenser are fixed on the upper equipment platform, and the pipelines and cables connecting each equipment are arranged inside the support frame along their routes.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0024] 1. For the specific application scenario of teaching experiments, the present utility model innovatively designs a carbon (CO 2 ) capture (absorption) and desorption system that can be used for multiple purposes with a single tower. Different from the conventional practice of reducing or modifying according to production devices, the present utility model realizes the dual use of a single tower in the carbon capture process, not only improving the utilization rate of instruments and equipment, but also reducing the floor area of the device, and being able to further miniaturize on the basis of the conventional practice, greatly reducing the cost of teaching experiment equipment.

[0025] 2. The system provided by the present utility model includes complete functional components such as CO 2 absorption and desorption, condensation, gas-liquid separation, etc., occupies a small area and has good operability; it realizes the miniaturization of the device and the economy of construction cost.

[0026] 3. The system provided by the present utility model can be skid-mounted, and the overall device has a simple structure, low cost, is easy to disassemble and assemble, and is convenient to operate; thus, it can well meet experimental teaching and popular science work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the system described in the present utility model.

[0028] The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0029] Single-tower equipment 01; packing 02; liquid circulation pump 03; water tank 04; gas inlet pipeline 05; gas outlet pipeline 06; liquid pipeline 07; steam pipeline 08; inter-stage cooler 09; condenser 10; drying tube 11; gas sampling port 12; pressure sensor 13; temperature sensor 14; liquid level gauge 15; electric heater 16; mass flowmeter 17; power meter 18; liquid sampling port 19; PLC controller 20; touch control screen 21; solenoid valve 22; circuit breaker 23; AC contactor 24; relay 25; distribution box 26; switching power supply 27; support frame 28; flowmeter 29; compressed gas cylinder 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The following specific embodiments listed are only used to describe the principles and features of the present utility model. The examples given are only used to explain the present utility model and do not limit the scope of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "arranged", "connected", "linked" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, connection can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] The first part: Description of the system structure layout of the present utility model

[0033] The single-tower multi-purpose CO 2 absorption and desorption system for experimental teaching, including an absorption and desorption unit, a heating and condensation unit, a measurement and detection unit, a control and display unit, and a support structure unit; among them,

[0034] The absorption and desorption unit includes a water tank 04 and a liquid circulation pump 03, and a single-tower device 01 filled with packing inside for CO 2 absorption and desorption; an absorption liquid spray inlet and an exhaust gas discharge port are provided at the top of the tower, and an absorption liquid discharge port and a carbon-containing gas inlet are provided at the bottom of the tower; the absorption liquid discharge port is connected to the water tank 04 through a liquid pipeline 07, the inlet end of the liquid circulation pump 03 is connected to the water tank 04 through a liquid pipeline 07, and its outlet end is connected to the absorption liquid spray inlet through a liquid pipeline 07, thereby forming an absorption liquid circulation loop based on a single tower. The CO 2 gas inlet is connected to a compressed gas cylinder 30 through a gas inlet pipeline 05, and the exhaust gas discharge port is connected to a drying tube 11 through a gas outlet pipeline 06 and is finally discharged to the atmosphere.

[0035] The heating and condensation unit includes an electric heater 16 and a condenser 10; among them, the electric heater 16 is respectively arranged inside the water tank 04 and at the end of the liquid pipeline 07 connected to the absorption liquid spray inlet; the top of the condenser 10 is connected to the top of the water tank 04 through a steam pipeline 08, and the bottom is connected to the water tank 04 through a liquid pipeline 07, thereby forming a steam condensation loop; an exhaust gas discharge port is also provided on the condenser 10 and is connected to the pipeline at the rear end of the drying tube 11 through a pipeline.

[0036] The measurement and detection unit includes a pressure sensor 13, a temperature sensor 14, a liquid level gauge 15, a mass flowmeter 17, a power meter 18, a flowmeter 29 or a carbon dioxide detector appropriately arranged on the device or pipeline, and each sensor and detection device are respectively connected to the control and display unit through signal lines;

[0037] The control display unit consists of a PLC controller 20, a touch control screen 21, a circuit breaker 23, an AC contactor 24, a relay 25, a switching power supply 27, and a distribution box 26; the liquid circulation pump 03, each sensor and detection device are connected to the PLC controller 20 through signal lines; the liquid circulation pump 03 is also connected to the switching power supply 27 through a wire; solenoid valves 22 are provided on each pipeline in the absorption and desorption unit and the heating and condensation unit, and the solenoid valves 22 are connected to the PLC controller 20 through signal lines.

[0038] The support structure unit includes a support frame and an equipment platform, and the above-mentioned various equipment, devices and pipelines are all fixedly installed on the equipment platform, and the equipment platform is fixed based on the support frame.

[0039] The following are some optional or alternative solutions in the specific construction process of the present invention:

[0040] The liquid circulation pump 03 is a gear pump; the packing inside the single-tower device 01 is Raschig ring packing, the height and diameter of the packing are equal, and the size is 25mm - 75mm. Inside the single-tower device 01, the packing is filled in two upper and lower beds; and a pipeline is led out from the middle of the lower bed and connected to the inlet of the inter-stage cooler 09, and a pipeline is led out from the middle of the upper bed and connected to the outlet of the inter-stage cooler 09, thereby forming a packing inter-stage cooling circulation loop.

[0041] There are multiple compressed gas cylinders 30 and they are arranged in parallel, and different concentrations of CO-containing 2 gases are contained in each compressed gas cylinder 30. Gas sampling ports are respectively arranged on the gas inlet pipeline 05 connecting the compressed gas cylinders 30 and on the pipeline at the outlet of the drying pipe 11; a liquid sampling port is arranged at the bottom of the water tank and on the pipeline connecting the absorption liquid spray inlet.

[0042] There are two water tanks 04 and they are arranged in parallel, and the two water tanks 04 are connected by a pipeline, and a solenoid valve is arranged on this pipeline; the liquid pipeline 07 connecting the absorption liquid discharge port and the steam pipeline 08 are respectively connected to the tops of the two water tanks through electromagnetic three-way pipes, and the inlet end of the liquid circulation pump 03 and the bottom of the condenser 10 are respectively connected to the bottoms of the two water tanks 04 through the liquid pipeline 07. A reflux pipeline is arranged between the outlet end of the liquid circulation pump 03 and the top of the water tank 04, thereby forming an absorption liquid circulation loop based on the water tank.

[0043] In the control display unit, the PLC controller 20, the circuit breaker 23, the AC contactor 24, the relay 25, and the switching power supply 27 are all arranged inside the distribution box 26, and the touch control screen 21 is arranged on the surface of the box body of the distribution box 26. The configuration method and control process of the electrical equipment are all skills that are proficiently mastered by those skilled in the art, and the present invention does not elaborate in detail.

[0044] As the equipment installation foundation for skid-mounted equipment, the equipment platform has two layers, which are respectively arranged at the bottom and middle of the support frame; the bottom of the single-tower equipment 01 is fixed on the lower equipment platform, and its main body passes through the upper equipment platform and is flush with the top of the support frame; the water tank 04 and the liquid circulation pump 03 are fixed on the lower equipment platform, the control display unit and the condenser 10 are fixed on the upper equipment platform, and the pipelines and cables connecting each equipment are arranged inside the support frame along their routes.

[0045] Second part: Example of the usage method of the system described in the present utility model

[0046] The system described in the present utility model can be used to implement the single-tower multi-purpose CO 2 absorption and desorption method. The technical principle of this method is to utilize the absorption capacity of alkaline solution for CO 2 , select solutions such as MEA, MDEA or NaOH as the absorption liquid, introduce the flue gas into the tower for reaction, and utilize this chemical reaction to absorb (capture) CO in the flue gas 2 , and obtain the carbon-rich liquid. After the carbon-rich liquid saturated with CO 2 is heated, it can be desorbed to release CO 2 , thereby realizing the reuse of the absorption liquid. The reaction mechanism of this part belongs to the existing well-known technology and is not within the scope of innovation protection of the present utility model, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0047] Using the system described in the present utility model, the single-tower multi-purpose CO 2 absorption and desorption can be realized according to the following operation content, specifically including:

[0048] (1) Conducting absorption experiments using the single-tower equipment:

[0049] Switch the outlet pipeline of the liquid circulation pump 03, connect the outlet of the liquid circulation pump 03 to the absorption liquid spray inlet at the top of the tower, and form an absorption liquid circulation loop based on the single tower; open the compressed gas cylinder 30 to make the gas containing CO 2 enter the tower from the bottom of the tower; the liquid circulation pump 03 extracts the CO 2 absorption liquid from the water tank 04 and sends it to the absorption liquid spray inlet at the top of the tower; the gas-liquid two phases are mixed and reacted in the packing bed in the tower to realize the absorption of the gas CO 2 ; the decarbonized gas is discharged from the top of the tower, and the reacted absorption liquid flows into the water tank 04 to maintain the circulation process of the absorption liquid in the water tank 04 and the tower.

[0050] On the gas inlet pipeline 05 after the outlet of the compressed gas cylinder 30 and the gas sampling port 12 on the discharge pipeline after the drying tube 11, by means of an on-line running CO 2 detector or sampling to an off-line CO 2 detector, the CO in the gas before and after absorption2 Analyze the concentration; additionally, regularly collect the liquid at the bottom of the tower or the bottom of the water tank during the absorption process and analyze the components in the absorption liquid; if the test result of the liquid sampling at the bottom of the tower shows that the absorption liquid is saturated, stop the operation of the liquid circulation pump 03 and close the compressed gas cylinder 30; prepare to perform the operation of the desorption experiment.

[0051] (2) Use the water tank to conduct the desorption experiment:

[0052] Recover all the absorption liquid in the tower to the water tank 04 for desorption treatment; switch the outlet pipeline of the liquid circulation pump 03 to connect the outlet of the liquid circulation pump 03 with the water tank 04 to form an absorption liquid circulation loop based on the water tank; turn on the electric heater 16 inside the water tank 04 and heat and desorb the saturated absorption liquid according to the set duration. The liquid circulation can enhance the desorption efficiency to accelerate desorption; the steam generated during the desorption process enters the condenser 10 from the top of the water tank 04, and the condensed liquid then flows back to the water tank 04; the residual reaction gas in the condenser 10 is discharged to the atmosphere after being treated by the drying tube 11.

[0053] Alternatively, the desorption experiment can also be carried out by using the combination of a single tower device and a water tank:

[0054] That is, without switching the outlet pipeline of the liquid circulation pump 03, turn on the electric heaters 16 inside the water tank 04 and at the end of the inlet pipeline to the tower simultaneously. On the premise of maintaining the absorption liquid circulation loop based on the single tower, heat and desorb the saturated absorption liquid according to the set duration; the circulating flow of the liquid between the packing beds can further enhance the desorption efficiency and shorten the desorption process; the steam generated during the desorption process enters the condenser 10 from the top of the water tank 04, and the condensed liquid then flows back to the water tank 04; the residual reaction gas in the condenser 10 is discharged to the atmosphere after being treated by the drying tube 11.

[0055] During the desorption experiment, sample the gas from the gas sampling port 12 on the discharge pipeline after the drying tube 11, and use an on-line operating CO 2 detector or sample to an off-line CO 2 detector to analyze the CO 2 concentration in the gas before and after desorption; if the test result of sampling the liquid at the bottom of the water tank 04 shows that the absorption liquid has been desorbed completely, stop the operation of the liquid circulation pump 04, and both the water tank 04 and the single tower device 01 can be reserved. During the desorption experiment, the electric heater 16 can operate in the waveform interval heating, intermittent heating or continuous low-power heating mode.

[0056] The following are some optional or alternative solutions during the experiment:

[0057] During the absorption experiment, temperature sensors at different vertical positions of the tower body are used to monitor the reaction temperature inside the tower. According to the need, the cooling circulation circuit between the packing levels is started to regulate the reaction temperature inside the tower.

[0058] During the absorption experiment and the desorption experiment, two water tanks 04 arranged in parallel can be used. For example:

[0059] During the absorption experiment, if the absorption liquids with the same components are stored in the two water tanks 04, the valve between the two water tanks 04 is opened to connect them, so as to improve the absorption treatment capacity of CO 2 . New absorption liquid or the absorption liquid after desorption can be filled in both of the two water tanks 04; at the beginning, one water tank is put into circulation operation, while the other water tank is in standby; when the former runs until the absorption liquid is saturated, it is switched to the standby water tank to run until its absorption liquid is saturated.

[0060] During the desorption experiment, the saturated absorption liquids in the two water tanks 04 (such as tank A or tank B) can be desorbed sequentially, that is, the water tank 04 (tank A or tank B) is connected to the inlet of the liquid circulation pump one by one; or, the saturated absorption liquids in the two water tanks 04 (tank A and tank B) can be desorbed simultaneously, that is, the two water tanks 04 (tank A and tank B) are connected to the inlet of the liquid circulation pump at the same time.

[0061] Or, only one of the water tanks 04 (tank A) can be put into the circulation loop for absorption or desorption treatment, while the other water tank 04 (tank B) is used as a buffer or standby.

[0062] The third part: several specific application examples

[0063] Case 1: Continuously carry out absorption and desorption experiments

[0064] According to the experimental requirements, the control parameters of the corresponding program in the PLC controller are set through the touch control screen 21. The gas containing CO 2 is metered by the mass flowmeter 17 and then enters the absorption tower 01 from the bottom through the gas inlet pipeline 05. The gear pump quantitatively extracts the absorption liquid in the water tank 04, and after being metered by the flowmeter 29, it is transported to the top of the tower through the liquid pipeline 07. The gas-liquid two-phase reacts in the Raschig ring packing bed in the tower to achieve absorption, and the waste gas after the reaction is discharged after being dried by the drying pipe 11 through the gas outlet pipeline 06 connected to the top of the tower. The dry gas is measured for its concentration by an online or offline CO 2 detector, and the liquid after the reaction flows downward through the liquid pipeline 07 into the corresponding water tank 04 (tank A or tank B). This process can be repeated to improve the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0065] The touch control screen 21 can display the CO before and after absorption in real time 2Concentration, temperature of each node, pressure at each point in the tower, and liquid level in the water tank. When the test results of the liquid sample taken at the bottom of the tower or the bottom of the water tank 04 show that the absorbent has reached the saturated state, the desorption experiment stage can be entered.

[0066] At this time, the heater 16 in the water tank 04 can be turned on and heated for desorption according to the set duration. The gear pump extracts the solution from the bottom of the water tank 04 and returns it to the corresponding water tank 04 through the electromagnetic three-way pipe to enhance the desorption efficiency. When the water tank 04 contains a single solution component, the valve between the water tanks can be opened to connect the two water tanks (tank A and tank B) to accelerate the desorption process. The heat released during the desorption process flows through the steam pipeline 08 to the condenser 10, and the condensed liquid returns to the water tank 04 through the pipeline; the residual reaction gas in the condenser 10 is discharged outward after passing through the drying tube 11.

[0067] Case 2 uses the combination of a tower and a water tank to carry out desorption experiments

[0068] After completing the absorption experiment in the tower, first close the compressed gas cylinder 30. Turn on the heater at the top of the tower or the heater in the water tank through the touch control screen 21. The heater in the water tank can be used for preheating the absorbent in advance, and the heater at the top of the tower can be used for further heating to promote the desorption of the absorbent. The heated absorbent enters the tower from the top of the tower. The carbon dioxide gas released during the desorption process is discharged after passing through the drying tube 11, and the carbon dioxide concentration is measured by an on-line or off-line analyzer at the sampling port. The desorbed absorbent becomes lean liquid and flows into the water tank 04 through the liquid pipeline 07. When the two water tanks 04 (tank A and tank B) contain a single solution component, the valve can be opened to connect them, and this desorption process can be repeated to promote the desorption effect.

[0069] Case 3 uses a single water tank to conduct continuous experiments on absorption and desorption

[0070] When there is only one water tank with the absorption solution, continuous absorption and desorption experiments can be carried out. An empty water tank 04 (such as tank A) is used as the reflux container for the absorbent. When carrying out the absorption experiment, the rich liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide first flows into another empty water tank (tank B). After the original full water tank is completely emptied, the gear pump inlet pipeline is automatically switched to the reflux water tank through the program, and the electric heater in this water tank is turned on to carry out the desorption experiment. The desorbed absorbent still returns to this water tank, and this process is repeated until the desorption is completed. Usually, the regeneration process of carbon dioxide is an endothermic reaction. Through the desorption process, the rich liquid formed after absorbing carbon dioxide can realize the re-release and regeneration of carbon dioxide and regenerate the absorbent for reuse.

[0071] Case 4 uses a single water tank to conduct separate absorption experiments or desorption experiments

[0072] Only absorption experiments are carried out: At this time, one water tank is full of liquid (such as tank A), and an empty water tank (tank B) serves as the absorption buffer tank. When the absorption experiment is carried out, the absorbed liquid after the reaction first flows into the empty tank (tank B). When the liquid level increases to a certain extent, the solution in this water tank (tank B) is pumped by a pump, and the absorption experiment is carried out again.

[0073] Only desorption experiments are carried out: An empty water tank 04 serves as the desorption buffer tank. First, turn on the electric heater in the full water tank (such as tank A) for desorption, and the absorbed liquid after desorption flows back into the empty water tank (tank B). When the liquid level gauge reading in tank A is detected to be as low as the set liquid level, automatically turn on the electric heater in tank B to preheat the desorption solution in advance. When the absorbed liquid reaches the set high liquid level, switch the inlet pipeline of the gear pump to pump the solution in tank B back into tank A for secondary desorption in tank A. This operation method can avoid the mixing of the reflux liquid and the liquid in the desorption process, thereby affecting the desorption effect.

[0074] It can be seen that the double-water-tank design of the present utility model can also provide design schemes for various operation processes, so as to enable students to study the relative effects of absorption and desorption schemes under different operation modes, creating conditions for students to better understand the carbon absorption and desorption principle.

[0075] In summary, based on the skills and learning abilities mastered by those skilled in the art, the single-tower multi-purpose CO 2 absorption and desorption system provided by the present utility model can also achieve: all connection components of related equipment can be disassembled and replaced, the data obtained by the measurement and detection system can automatically display and record the data at each moment, and can be transmitted to other mobile terminals through communication means; the measurement interfaces and instruments can be increased or decreased according to actual needs; it can be automatically controlled according to the actual experimental procedure and determine whether to continue or stop the experiment according to the measurement results; the gear pump can be used to transport the absorption solution for absorption experiments, and can also be used to transport the heated desorption experiment solution, and can achieve heating and anti-bumping; it can be connected or operated independently through valves, and different absorption solution experiments or the same absorption solution experiments can be carried out independently. The reaction solution with a stable concentration can be achieved through condensation reflux; waveform heating or heating pause can be realized to avoid flooding; safe discharge of the experimental desorbed gas can be achieved; the opening and closing of each pipeline and equipment can be determined according to specific experimental requirements.

[0076] Since this system has low cost, small size, and the device components can be multi-purpose, it can be better applied to teaching experiments, and the overall design idea of the experimental device is also conducive to the large-scale popularization and application of the device.

[0077] Based on the application of this system, carbon dioxide in the flue gas to be treated can be removed by a chemical absorbent, and then the regeneration of carbon dioxide can be achieved through heating and desorption. The above processes are all realized by a single tower, a water tank, a water pump and pipelines. Therefore, this system is suitable for teaching demonstrations and scientific research of low-concentration carbon dioxide, and absorption and desorption experiments can be carried out by changing the shapes, sizes, packing selections of various devices and different flue gas sources. The design of this system can achieve the miniaturization and intelligentization of the device, greatly reduce the construction cost, effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the device, and is conducive to the large-scale popularization and application of laboratory teaching and scientific research. Whether it is for flue gas, pure gas used in experiments or flue gas after desorption, high efficiency and cleanliness of the experimental process can be achieved through pretreatment or post-treatment (such as filtration, drying, etc.), reducing damage to the equipment. Successive cyclic experiments of absorption and desorption can be carried out. By using the heat generated by the exothermic reaction during the absorption (trapping) process, the power consumption for heating can be reduced when carrying out desorption experiments in the successive cycle, reducing the energy consumption during the trapping and desorption processes.

[0078] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention and experimental verifications have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can make many modifications and variations according to the concept of the present invention without creative labor. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art in the technical field based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art should all be within the protection scope determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A single-tower multi-purpose CO2 absorption and analysis system for experimental teaching, characterized in that: The system includes an absorption and analysis unit, a heating and condensation unit, a measurement and detection unit, a control and display unit and a supporting structure unit; wherein, The absorption and analysis unit includes a water tank and a liquid circulation pump, and a single tower device filled with fillers for CO2 absorption and analysis; an absorption liquid spray inlet and a waste gas discharge port are provided at the top of the tower, and an absorption liquid discharge port and a carbon-containing gas inlet are provided at the bottom of the tower; the absorption liquid discharge port is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, the inlet end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, and its outlet end is connected to the absorption liquid spray inlet through a pipeline, thereby forming an absorption liquid circulation loop based on a single tower; the CO2-containing gas inlet is connected to a compressed gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the waste gas discharge port is connected to a drying pipe through a pipeline, and finally discharged to the atmosphere; The heating and condensing unit includes an electric heater and a condenser; wherein the electric heater is respectively arranged inside the water tank and at the end of the pipeline connected to the absorption liquid spraying port; the top of the condenser is connected to the top of the water tank through a steam pipeline, and the bottom is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, thereby forming a steam condensation circuit; the condenser is also provided with an exhaust gas discharge port, which is connected to the atmosphere through a pipeline; The measuring and detecting unit includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a liquid level meter, a mass flow meter, a power meter, a flow meter or a carbon dioxide detector which is adaptively arranged on the equipment or pipeline, and each sensor and detection device is connected to the control and display unit through a signal line; The control and display unit includes a PLC controller, a touch control screen, a circuit breaker, an AC contactor, a relay, a switching power supply and a distribution box; the liquid circulation pump, various sensors and detection equipment are connected to the PLC controller through signal lines; the liquid circulation pump is also connected to the switching power supply through a wire; solenoid valves are provided on each pipeline in the absorption and analysis unit and the heating and condensing unit, and the solenoid valves are connected to the PLC controller through signal lines; The supporting structure unit includes a supporting frame and an equipment platform. The aforementioned equipment, devices and pipelines are fixedly installed on the equipment platform, and the equipment platform is fixed based on the supporting frame.

2. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid circulation pump is a gear pump; the filler inside the single tower equipment is a Raschig ring filler, the height of the filler is equal to the diameter, and the size is 25mm to 75mm.

3. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing inside the single-tower equipment is loaded into two beds, upper and lower. A pipe is led out from the middle of the lower bed and connected to the inlet of the interstage cooler, and a pipe is led out from the middle of the upper bed and connected to the outlet of the interstage cooler, thereby forming a packing interstage cooling circulation loop.

4. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple compressed gas cylinders which are arranged in parallel, and each compressed gas cylinder contains CO2 gas with different concentrations.

5. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Gas sampling ports are respectively provided on the gas inlet pipeline connected to the compressed gas cylinder and the pipeline connected to the outlet of the drying tube.

6. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid sampling port is arranged at the bottom of the water tank and on the pipeline connected to the absorption liquid spray inlet.

7. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two water tanks arranged in parallel, and the two water tanks are connected by a pipeline, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the pipeline; the pipeline connecting the absorption liquid discharge port and the steam pipeline are connected to the tops of the two water tanks through electromagnetic three-way pipes respectively, and the inlet end of the liquid circulation pump and the bottom of the condenser are connected to the bottoms of the two water tanks through pipelines respectively.

8. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorption and analysis unit also includes a reflux pipeline connecting the outlet end of the liquid circulation pump and the top of the water tank, thereby forming an absorption liquid circulation loop based on the water tank.

9. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control display unit also includes a distribution box, the PLC controller, circuit breaker, AC contactor, relay, and switching power supply are all arranged inside the distribution box, and the touch control screen is arranged on the surface of the distribution box.

10. The CO2 absorption and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment platform has two layers, which are respectively arranged at the bottom and the middle of the supporting frame; the bottom of the single-tower equipment is fixed on the lower equipment platform, and its main body passes through the upper equipment platform and is flush with the top of the supporting frame; the water tank and the liquid circulation pump are fixed on the lower equipment platform, and the control display unit and the condenser are fixed on the upper equipment platform, and the pipes and cables connecting the various devices are arranged inside the supporting frame along their directions.

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