Crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crusher for dead livestock and poultry bodies. The crusher comprises a box body; the driving mechanism is mounted on the box body; the crushing mechanism comprises a main shaft, a plurality of fixed cutters and a plurality of movable cutters, the main shaft is mounted on the box body, and one end of the main shaft is connected with the driving mechanism; the plurality of fixed cutters are sequentially mounted on the box body corresponding to the main shaft; the movable cutters are of a multi-cutting-edge structure, the main shaft is sequentially sleeved with the multiple movable cutters, the difference between the relative installation angles of the adjacent movable cutters is 7-8 degrees, and the cutter points of the adjacent movable cutters are spirally and periodically arranged in the axis direction of the main shaft. A mounting gap is formed between the movable cutter and the fixed cutter, and the main shaft drives the movable cutter and the fixed cutter to move relatively to cut, tear and grind raw materials; and the feeding hopper is arranged on the box body corresponding to the crushing mechanism. The crusher is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, strong in crushing capacity, high in crushing efficiency and uniform in decomposition quality; and the parts are convenient to replace when being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a crushing technology, in particular to a crusher for dead animals such as livestock and poultry. Background Art

[0002] Most animal carcasses often carry a variety of pathogens. If not handled or handled improperly, the carcasses will quickly decompose and emit odors, causing pathogenic microorganisms to contaminate the air, water and soil, causing the spread of diseases. At the same time, people who come into direct or indirect contact with them may be infected. For animals that died abnormally or for unknown reasons, their carcasses must be disposed of harmlessly.

[0003] At present, the main methods for handling and disposing of animal carcasses include chemical refining of oil, direct landfill, landfill after high-temperature cooking and disinfection, composting, direct incineration, incineration in incinerators, etc. Before chemical processing, cooking and incineration, animal carcasses usually need to be crushed to reduce their size, eliminate gaps, make the texture uniform, and improve efficiency.

[0004] Common types of crushers for crushing solid waste include jaw crushers, hammer crushers, impact crushers, shear crushers, roller crushers and ball mills, which are mainly used in industries such as chemical industry, building materials, metallurgy, coal, and agricultural and sideline products processing. The treatment of animal carcasses is mainly limited to the incineration of small animal carcasses such as domestic pets. The carcasses of these small animals often do not need to be crushed and divided, and can be put into special animal carcass incinerators for treatment. There is a lack of incineration treatment processes (especially crushing processes) and equipment for medium and large livestock and other animals.

[0005] Toothed roller crushers are also used in production. There are two types: double-toothed rollers and single-toothed rollers. The roller surface has teeth, and the main crushing form is splitting. Roller crushers have the advantages of low energy consumption, simple structure, and reliable operation, but the degree of product crushing is small. When used to crush animal carcasses, due to the great difference between the physical properties of animal carcasses and materials crushed in other industries, there are problems such as low efficiency, uneven crushing quality, difficulty in cleaning residual materials, and animal fascia wrapped around the rollers. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, which includes:

[0008] Box;

[0009] A driving mechanism, mounted on the box;

[0010] The crushing mechanism includes a main shaft, multiple fixed knives and moving knives. The main shaft is installed on the box body, and one end of the main shaft is connected to the driving mechanism; multiple fixed knives are sequentially installed on the box body corresponding to the main shaft; the moving knives are of a multi-edge structure, and multiple moving knives are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft, and the relative installation angles of adjacent moving knives differ by 7-8 degrees, and the tips of adjacent moving knives are arranged in a spiral cycle along the axis direction of the main shaft; there is an installation gap between the moving knives and the fixed knives, and the main shaft drives the moving knives and the fixed knives to move relative to each other to cut, tear and roll the raw materials; and

[0011] The feed hopper is installed on the box body corresponding to the crushing mechanism.

[0012] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, the moving knife is a four-edge structure with central symmetry, and each knife back of the moving knife is an involute shape from the tip to the root.

[0013] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, each cutting edge of the moving knife is a straight structure.

[0014] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, the fixed knife includes a long fixed knife and a short fixed knife. The short fixed knife is installed at the lower end of the long fixed knife, and the bottom of the long fixed knife is connected to the box body.

[0015] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, both the long fixed knife and the short fixed knife are trapezoidal structures, and the trapezoidal bottoms of the short fixed knife and the long fixed knife are on the same plane.

[0016] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, the driving mechanism is a reduction motor, and the reduction motor is installed on the box body through a torque arm bracket.

[0017] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, the main shaft is a hexagonal prism structure.

[0018] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, the crushing mechanism further includes a stop nut. The stop nut is arranged on the main shaft and at both ends of multiple moving knives, and the moving knives are locked by adjusting the stop nut.

[0019] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, the installation gap is 0.5 mm.

[0020] In the above-mentioned crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, the thickness of the moving knife and the fixed knife is 25-30 mm, and the moving knife and the fixed knife are made of low-alloy tool steel 9CrSi material parts.

[0021] The technical effect of the present utility model lies in:

[0022] The utility model is used for a crusher of dead livestock and poultry carcasses, which can crush animal carcasses into small and uniform pieces, meeting the requirements of processing operations, greatly shortening the time of rendering, steaming, and incineration processing, improving efficiency, and reducing processing costs. In particular, compared with the prior art, it mainly has the following characteristics:

[0023] 1) It adopts a combination of multiple groups of moving knives on a single shaft and fixed stationary knives. Compared with a double shaft, the single shaft has lower energy consumption. Using a horizontal single shaft and two stationary knives can effectively reduce costs and improve crushing efficiency;

[0024] 2) The main shaft adopts a hexagonal prism structure, which can reduce the number of moving knives used, lower manufacturing costs, and the edge spacing and edge height are more suitable for structural requirements under the same strength, ensuring wear resistance and working duration during installation and use;

[0025] 3) The moving knives are arranged in a spiral shape along the axis, and the relative installation angles of each moving knife differ by 7-8 degrees. There are a total of four periodic arrangements of moving knives, ensuring uniform force on the raw materials and increasing cutting efficiency and cutting quality;

[0026] 4) The cutting edge of the moving knife is four-edged, which improves the crushing efficiency while avoiding problems such as knife entanglement and reduced relative movement;

[0027] 5) The stationary knife can be replaced by unscrewing the bolt connecting the stationary knife. This detachable structure is convenient for maintenance and reduces maintenance costs.

[0028] The following describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing mechanism of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 2B is Figure 2A a side view of;

[0032] Figure 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a stationary knife of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 3B is Figure 3A a side view of;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a moving knife of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 5A is a schematic structural diagram of a main shaft of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 5B is Figure 5A a side view of

[0037] Among them, the reference numerals

[0038] 1 box body

[0039] 2 crushing mechanism

[0040] 21 main shaft

[0041] 22 stop nut

[0042] 23 moving knife

[0043] 24 fixed knife

[0044] 241 long fixed knife

[0045] 242 short fixed knife

[0046] 3 feed hopper

[0047] 4 reduction motor

[0048] 5 torque arm bracket Specific embodiments

[0049] The structural principle and working principle of the present utility model will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0050] See Figures 1 - 2B , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2A is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism 2 of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2B is Figure 2A a side view of. The crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses of the present utility model includes: a box body 1; a driving mechanism installed on the box body 1; a crushing mechanism 2 including a main shaft 21, a plurality of fixed knives 24 and a moving knife 23, the main shaft 21 is installed on the box body 1, one end of the main shaft 21 is connected to the driving mechanism; a plurality of the fixed knives 24 are sequentially installed on the box body 1 corresponding to the main shaft 21; the moving knife 23 is a multi-edge structure, a plurality of the moving knives 23 are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft 21, and the relative installation angles of adjacent moving knives 23 differ by 7-8 degrees, and the tips of adjacent moving knives 23 are arranged in a spiral cycle along the axis direction of the main shaft 21; there is an installation gap between the moving knife 23 and the fixed knife 24, and the installation gap is preferably 0.5 mm; the main shaft 21 drives the moving knife 23 and the fixed knife 24 to move relative to each other to cut, tear and roll the raw material; and a feed hopper 3 is installed on the box body 1 corresponding to the crushing mechanism 2, and the length * width of the inlet of the feed hopper 3 is preferably 1.4 * 0.78m 2 .

[0051] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism is a reduction motor 4, and the motor power is preferably 22KW. The reduction motor 4 is fixedly installed on the box body 1 through a torque arm bracket 5, ensuring the stability and reliability of the equipment. One end of the main shaft 21 is connected to the reduction motor 4, and the reduction motor 4 drives the main shaft 21 to rotate. The main shaft 21 is preferably a hexagonal prism structure. The crushing mechanism 2 further includes a locking nut 22, which is arranged on the main shaft 21 and at both ends of a plurality of moving knives 23, playing a fixing role on the moving knives 23, and locking the moving knives 23 by adjusting the locking nut 22. When the wear of the spacer sleeve or the moving knife 23 is excessive during long-term operation, resulting in the loosening of the moving knife 23, the moving knife 23 can be locked by adjusting the position of the locking nut 22 on the main shaft 21.

[0052] See Figure 3A and Figure 3B , Figure 3A is a schematic structural view of the fixed knife 24 of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3B is Figure 3A a side view. The fixed knife 24 of this embodiment includes a long fixed knife 241 and a short fixed knife 242. The short fixed knife 242 is installed at the lower end of the long fixed knife 241. The bottom of the long fixed knife 241 is connected to the box body 1, and the bottom of the long fixed knife 241 can be connected to the frame of the box body 1 through bolts. Among them, both the long fixed knife 241 and the short fixed knife 242 are preferably trapezoidal structures. The trapezoidal bottom of the short fixed knife 242 and the trapezoidal bottom of the long fixed knife 241 are on the same plane and can be welded into an integral structure. The trapezoidal structure can maximize the cutting time and increase the area of tearing and rolling. The form of welding the long fixed knife 241 and the short fixed knife 242 into an integral body makes the installation and adjustment more convenient, and is connected to the box body 1 through the threaded holes at the lower bottom of the long fixed knife 241. If the fixed knife 24 is worn, only the bolts connecting the long fixed knife 241 need to be unscrewed and replaced. This structure is not only convenient for maintenance but also reduces the maintenance cost.

[0053] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the moving knife 23 of an embodiment of the present invention. The moving knife 23 of this embodiment is preferably a four-edge structure with central symmetry. The relative installation angles of adjacent moving knives 23 differ by 7-8 degrees, and the tips of the knives form four spiral lines arranged in a spiral periodic pattern along the axis. The cutting edge of the moving knife 23 is preferably four edges. Too few cutting edges will reduce the crushing efficiency and affect the uniformity, and too many cutting edges will easily cause the phenomenon of the material winding around the knife and the reduction of relative movement. In this way, there are four periodic arrangements of the moving knife 23 in total, ensuring uniform stress on the raw material, increasing the cutting efficiency and cutting quality. At the same time, this structure reduces the processing requirements of the main shaft 21, reduces the number of moving knives 23, and reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0054] Meanwhile, due to the different forces and functions exerted on various parts of the moving knife 23 during operation, each knife back of the moving knife 23 is involute-shaped from the tip to the root. The arc-shaped knife back part increases the strength of the tool, minimizes the angle at the tip, and improves the grasping stability. Each cutting edge of the moving knife 23 is a straight structure, making the cutting and impact effects more direct and effective, and greatly enhancing the crushing work efficiency. Among them, the thickness of the moving knife 23 and the fixed knife 24 is preferably 25 - 30 mm, and the blade material of the moving knife 23 and the fixed knife 24 is preferably low-alloy tool steel 9CrSi. The processing capacity is 5.5 t / h (it can process a whole dead pig weighing 200 kg).

[0055] See Figure 5A and Figure 5B , Figure 5A is a schematic structural diagram of the main shaft 21 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5B is Figure 5A side view. The main shaft 21 of this embodiment is preferably a hexagonal prism structure, the diameter of the main shaft 21 is preferably 500 mm; the rotation speed of the main shaft 21 is preferably 22 rpm. Compared with triangular prisms and quadrangular prisms, the hexagonal prism can reduce the number of moving knives 23 and lower the manufacturing cost; compared with octagonal prisms and nonagonal prisms, the edge spacing and edge height are more suitable for the structural requirements under the same strength, ensuring wear resistance and working duration during installation and use.

[0056] During operation, the corpse to be crushed is fed from the feed inlet. The reduction motor 4 transmits power to the main shaft 21 through key connection, causing the main shaft 21 to start rotating uniformly. The main shaft 21 drives multiple moving knives 23 to start rotating, and moves relative to the fixed knife 24 to cut, tear, and roll the raw material to achieve crushing. After the material enters the box body 1 from the hopper and contacts the cutting edge part of the rotating moving knife 23, the cutting edge of the moving knife 23 quickly grabs the material and enters the combined action area with the short fixed knife 242. In this area, the material is impacted by different cutting edges of multiple moving knives 23. The relative movement of the moving knife 23 and the fixed knife 24 completes actions such as grasping, cutting, tearing, rolling, and impacting the raw material, completely decomposes the whole raw material and finally meets the crushing requirements, and is discharged along with the rotation of the main shaft 21. The installation gap between the moving knife 23 and the fixed knife 24 is 0.5 mm. This spacing can not only increase the cutting and tearing force, but also reduce the residual accumulation of materials, saving the time for cleaning work. When the tool loosens and deviates during long-term operation, the moving knife 23 can be adjusted and locked by adjusting the locking nut 22.

[0057] The utility model adopts a working mode of matching multiple moving knives 23 and fixed knives 24 to crush the dead livestock and poultry carcasses. The moving knives 23 in the box body 1 are installed on the main shaft 21 at a suitable angle. The two ends of the main shaft 21 lock the moving knives 23 through stop nuts 22. The fixed knives 24 are connected to the side wall of the box body 1 by bolts. Its tool structure can complete actions such as cyclic grasping, cutting, tearing, rolling and impacting of materials, can efficiently decompose raw materials and meet the requirements of crushing particle size; effectively reduce material residues and save time for cleaning; the hexagonal prism main shaft 21 structure increases the cost performance; can quickly solve the problem of tool loosening during too long working hours of the equipment; can effectively avoid defects such as low efficiency, uneven crushing quality, difficulty in cleaning residual materials, and animal fascia winding around the roller. It has low manufacturing cost, strong crushing ability, high crushing efficiency and uniform decomposition quality, simple structure, convenient operation, disassembly and cleaning, and convenient and easy replacement and maintenance when parts are damaged. It can be widely applied to various material processing fields, which can not only improve production efficiency but also reduce costs.

[0058] Certainly, the utility model can also have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the utility model, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the utility model. However, these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses, characterized in that: include: Box; A driving mechanism, mounted on the box; The crushing mechanism comprises a main shaft and a plurality of fixed knives and a movable knives, wherein the main shaft is mounted on the housing, and one end of the main shaft is connected to the driving mechanism; the plurality of fixed knives are sequentially mounted on the housing corresponding to the main shaft; the movable knives are multi-blade structures, and the plurality of movable knives are sequentially mounted on the main shaft, and the relative mounting angles of adjacent movable knives differ by 7-8 degrees, and the knife tips of adjacent movable knives are periodically arranged in a spiral shape along the axis direction of the main shaft; there is an installation gap between the movable knife and the fixed knife, and the main shaft drives the movable knife and the fixed knife to move relative to each other to cut, tear and crush the raw materials; as well as A feed hopper, mounted on the box body corresponding to the crushing mechanism; The movable knife is a centrally symmetrical four-edged structure, each blade back of the movable knife is in an involute shape from the blade tip to the blade root, each blade of the movable knife is a straight structure, and the blade tip forms four spiral lines periodically arranged in a spiral shape along the axis; The fixed knife includes a long fixed knife and a short fixed knife, and is an integrally welded structure. The short fixed knife is installed at the lower end of the long fixed knife, and the bottom of the long fixed knife is connected to the box body; the long fixed knife and the short fixed knife are both trapezoidal structures, and the trapezoidal bottom of the short fixed knife is located on the same plane as the trapezoidal bottom of the long fixed knife.

2. The crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is a reduction motor, and the reduction motor is installed on the box body through a torque arm bracket.

3. The crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main axis is a hexagonal prism structure.

4. The crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism further comprises a stop nut, which is arranged on the main shaft and located at both ends of the plurality of movable knives, and the movable knives are locked by adjusting the stop nut.

5. The crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation gap is 0.5 mm.

6. The crusher for dead livestock and poultry carcasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the movable knife and the fixed knife is 25-30 mm, and the movable knife and the fixed knife are made of low-alloy tool steel 9CrSi material.

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