Tool device for laser 3D printing of shaft parts

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of 3D printing tools, and discloses a tool device for laser 3D printing of shaft parts, the tool device comprises a bottom plate, a side rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of the top of the bottom plate, a base plate is fixedly mounted on the upper left portion of the side rod, and a lifter is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the top of the bottom plate; a lifting block is slidably installed in the middle of the lifting device, a separating and combining device is fixedly installed on the front side of the lifting block, and when the first arc block and the second arc block serve as fences to conduct cladding work, a semiconductor cooler and an air pump on the semiconductor cooler are started to work; the air pump exhausts cold air in the cold end cavity of the semiconductor cooler into the first arc block and the second arc block through the air inlet pipe, then heat absorption is conducted on the clad workpiece, hardening forming of the outer wall of the clad workpiece is accelerated, and the phenomenon that when the first arc block and the second arc block move upwards, the clad workpiece is not hardened and still collapses is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of 3D printing tooling, and specifically relates to a tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft parts. Background Technique

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous emergence of high-power and high-performance laser processing equipment, laser cladding and laser rapid prototyping technologies, which are closely related to additive manufacturing and 3D printing technologies, have attracted increasing attention worldwide and have developed rapidly in various fields such as automobiles, energy, electronics, aerospace, and heavy machinery. Laser cladding rapid prototyping uses the high power density of a laser to melt self-fusing alloy powders (such as iron-based, nickel-based, and cobalt-based alloys) and form a very thin cladding layer on the surface of the substrate. Most of the cladding layers gradually accumulate together to finally become a workpiece with a certain shape. However, when using laser cladding rapid prototyping to process some important slender shaft-like metal workpieces, due to the certain fluidity of the molten self-fusing alloy powder, serious edge collapse will occur.

[0003] For example, the patent number CN207723696U discloses a tooling for laser 3D printing of shaft parts, including a working platform, a fixture plate, and a lifting device. A cylindrical cavity is provided on the fixture plate. The lifting device is two symmetrically arranged cylinders or oil cylinders. The cylinder or oil cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston rod. The piston rod passes through the top plate of the working platform and is connected to the fixture plate to drive the fixture plate to move up and down. By using the lifting device to drive the fixture plate to reciprocate up and down, the shaft parts are gradually formed, which can prevent serious edge collapse of the shaft parts during the processing, with high processing efficiency and small subsequent processing amount.

[0004] During the use of this device, it is found that this technology has the following problems. The device forms a cylindrical cavity in the middle of the clamping plate and performs laser cladding inside to help form long shaft-like workpieces and avoid edge collapse. However, as a clamping layer, the clamping plate will form a package, resulting in a slower cooling rate of the laser cladding material. Therefore, in actual operation, to obtain a better processing and forming effect, it is necessary to reduce the laser cladding speed and wait for the lower laser cladding material to cool before lifting the clamping plate, which relatively affects the processing efficiency. Therefore, to solve this problem, it is necessary to optimize the design of this product, and it is necessary to propose a tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft parts. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft parts to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application is as follows: A tooling device for laser 3D printing shaft parts, including a bottom plate. On the right side of the top of the bottom plate, a side rod is fixedly installed. Above the left of the side rod, a substrate is fixedly installed. On the rear side of the top of the bottom plate, a lifter is fixedly installed. In the middle of the lifter, a lifting block is slidably installed. On the front side of the lifting block, a separator is fixedly installed. On the left side of the separator, a first arc block and a second arc block are respectively slidably installed. Above the opposite ends of the first arc block and the second arc block, a laser cladding head is provided, and the interiors of the first arc block and the second arc block are designed as cavities.

[0007] In the middle of the top of the bottom plate, a semiconductor cooler is fixedly installed. On the left side of the cold end chamber at the bottom of the semiconductor cooler, an air pump is fixedly installed. The left sides of the first arc block and the second arc block are respectively fixedly connected with an intake pipe and a return pipe. The bottom end of the intake pipe is connected to the air pump, and the bottom end of the return pipe is connected to the hot end chamber of the semiconductor cooler. Air holes are opened on both inner sides of the first arc block, and sealing joints adapted to the air holes are opened on both inner sides of the second arc block.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a lifting groove adapted to the lifting block is opened in the middle of the lifter, and the lifting block is slidably installed in the lifting groove.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a lead screw is threadedly connected to the lifting block, and a driving motor with an output shaft fixed to the lead screw is fixedly installed above the interior of the lifter.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a sliding groove adapted to the first arc block and the second arc block is opened on the separator, and ceramic coatings are provided on the semi-circular grooves at the opposite ends of the first arc block and the second arc block.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, threaded rods with opposite external threads are respectively threadedly connected to the right sides of the first arc block and the second arc block. A double-headed motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the separator, and the two output ends of the double-headed motor are respectively fixedly connected to the two threaded rods.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, heat dissipation fins are provided at the hot end of the top of the semiconductor cooler, and the heat dissipation fins are linearly distributed on the top of the semiconductor cooler.

[0013] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0014] 1. In this application, by setting the first arc block and the second arc block, when it is necessary to use the laser cladding head to perform cladding processing on shaft parts, first start the driving motor to drive the lead screw to rotate, so as to control the lifting block to drive the first arc block and the second arc block to move downward until the first arc block and the second arc block are attached to the top of the substrate. Then start the double-headed motor to drive the threaded rods on both sides to rotate, so that the first arc block and the second arc block are butted to form a circular groove retaining wall in the middle. Finally, start the laser cladding head to perform cladding work in the circular groove formed at the opposite ends of the first arc block and the second arc block. The circular groove protects the shaft workpiece formed by cladding to prevent deformation caused by edge collapse. After cladding one layer, start the driving motor to make the lifting block drive the first arc block and the second arc block to move up a certain distance, and then the cladding work of the upper layer can be carried out. After the cladding is completed, start the double-headed motor to drive the first arc block and the second arc block to automatically separate, and then the processed shaft workpiece can be taken out.

[0015] 2. In this application, by setting the first arc block and the second arc block with a cavity structure inside, when the first arc block and the second arc block are butted, the sealing joint on the second arc block will be inserted into the air hole on the first arc block, so that the inner cavities of the first arc block and the second arc block are connected to each other. At this time, when the first arc block and the second arc block are used as enclosures for cladding work, start the semiconductor cooler and the air pump on the semiconductor cooler to work. The air pump discharges the cold air in the cold end chamber of the semiconductor cooler into the first arc block and the second arc block through the air inlet pipe, thereby absorbing heat from the cladded workpiece and accelerating the hardening of its outer wall to prevent the phenomenon of edge collapse when the first arc block and the second arc block move up while the cladded workpiece is not hardened. During this process, the gas in the first arc block and the second arc block will flow back into the cold end chamber of the semiconductor cooler through the return pipe to continue cooling, so as to form a circulation loop for heat absorption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structures of the first arc block and the second arc block in this application.

[0019] Reference numerals in the figure: 1 - bottom plate, 2 - side rod, 3 - substrate, 4 - lifter, 5 - lifting block, 6 - lead screw, 7 - driving motor, 8 - splitter, 9 - first arc block, 10 - second arc block, 11 - threaded rod, 12 - double-headed motor, 13 - semiconductor cooler, 14 - heat dissipation fin, 15 - air pump, 16 - air inlet pipe, 17 - return pipe, 18 - laser cladding head, 19 - air hole, 20 - sealing joint. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0021] Refer to Figure 1 、 2 As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a tooling device for laser 3D printing shaft parts includes a bottom plate 1. A side rod 2 is fixedly installed on the upper right side of the top of the bottom plate 1. A substrate 3 is fixedly installed above the left of the side rod 2. A lifter 4 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the top of the bottom plate 1. A lifting block 5 is slidably installed in the middle of the lifter 4. A lifting groove adapted to the lifting block 5 is provided in the middle of the lifter 4. The lifting block 5 is slidably installed in the lifting groove. A lead screw 6 is threadedly connected to the lifting block 5. A driving motor 7 with an output shaft fixed to the lead screw 6 is fixedly installed above the inside of the lifter 4. A splitter 8 is fixedly installed on the front side of the lifting block 5. A first arc block 9 and a second arc block 10 are respectively slidably installed on the left side of the splitter 8. A chute adapted to the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 is provided on the splitter 8. Ceramic coatings are provided on the semi-circular grooves at the opposite ends of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10. Threaded rods 11 with opposite external threads are respectively threadedly connected to the right sides of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10. A double-headed motor 12 is fixedly installed in the middle of the splitter 8, and the two output ends of the double-headed motor 12 are respectively fixed to the two threaded rods 11. A laser cladding head 18 is provided above the opposite ends of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10, and the interiors of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are designed as cavities.

[0022] By providing the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10, when it is necessary to use the laser cladding head 18 to clad and process shaft parts, first start the driving motor 7 to drive the lead screw 6 to rotate, so as to control the lifting block 5 to drive the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 to move downward until the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are attached to the top of the substrate 3. Then start the double-headed motor 12 to drive the threaded rods 11 on both sides to rotate, so that the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are butted to form a circular groove protection wall in the middle. Finally, start the laser cladding head 18 to perform cladding work in the circular groove formed at the opposite ends of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10. The circular groove protects the shaft workpiece formed by cladding to prevent deformation caused by edge collapse. When one layer of cladding is completed, start the driving motor 7 to make the lifting block 5 drive the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 to move up a certain distance, and then the cladding work of the upper layer can be carried out. After the cladding is completed, start the double-headed motor 12 to drive the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 to automatically separate, and then the processed shaft workpiece can be taken out.

[0023] Refer to Figure 1, 2 3. In the middle of the top of the bottom plate 1, a semiconductor refrigerator 13 is fixedly installed. On the top hot end of the semiconductor refrigerator 13, heat dissipation fins 14 are provided, and the heat dissipation fins 14 are linearly distributed on the top of the semiconductor refrigerator 13. On the left side of the cold end chamber at the bottom of the semiconductor refrigerator 13, an air pump 15 is fixedly installed. An air inlet pipe 16 and a return air pipe 17 are respectively fixedly connected to the left sides of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10. The bottom end of the air inlet pipe 16 is connected to the air pump 15, and the bottom end of the return air pipe 17 is connected to the hot end chamber of the semiconductor refrigerator 13. Air holes 19 are formed on both inner sides of the first arc block 9, and sealing joints 20 adapted to the air holes 19 are formed on both inner sides of the second arc block 10.

[0024] By providing the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 with a cavity structure inside, when the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are butted, the sealing joint 20 on the second arc block 10 will be inserted into the air hole 19 on the first arc block 9, so that the inner cavities of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are connected to each other. At this time, when the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are used as enclosures for cladding work, the semiconductor refrigerator 13 and the air pump 15 on the semiconductor refrigerator 13 are started to work. The air pump 15 discharges the cold air in the cold end chamber of the semiconductor refrigerator 13 into the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 through the air inlet pipe 16, thereby absorbing heat from the cladded workpiece and accelerating the hardening and forming of its outer wall to prevent the phenomenon that the cladded workpiece collapses due to non-hardening when the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 move upward. During this process, the gas in the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 will flow back into the cold end chamber of the semiconductor refrigerator 13 through the return air pipe 17 to continue cooling, so as to form a circulation loop for heat absorption.

[0025] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0026] First, by setting the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10, when it is necessary to use the laser cladding head 18 to perform cladding processing on shaft parts, first start the driving motor 7 to drive the lead screw 6 to rotate, so as to control the lifting block 5 to drive the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 to move downward until the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are attached to the top of the substrate 3. Then start the double-headed motor 12 to drive the threaded rods 11 on both sides to rotate, so that the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are docked to form a circular groove retaining wall in the middle. Finally, start the laser cladding head 18 to perform cladding work in the circular groove formed at the opposite ends of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10. The circular groove protects the shaft workpiece formed by cladding to prevent deformation caused by edge collapse. After cladding one layer, start the driving motor 7 to make the lifting block 5 drive the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 to move up a certain distance, and then the cladding work of the upper layer can be carried out. After the cladding is completed, start the double-headed motor 12 to drive the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 to automatically separate, and then the processed shaft workpiece can be taken out.

[0027] Based on the above, by setting the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 with a cavity structure inside, when the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are docked, the sealing joint 20 on the second arc block 10 will be inserted into the air hole 19 on the first arc block 9, so that the inner cavities of the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are connected to each other. At this time, when the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 are used as enclosures for cladding work, start the semiconductor cooler 13 and the air pump 15 on the semiconductor cooler 13 to work. The air pump 15 discharges the cold air in the cold end chamber of the semiconductor cooler 13 into the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 through the air inlet pipe 16, and then absorbs heat from the cladded workpiece to accelerate the hardening and forming of its outer wall, so as to prevent the phenomenon of edge collapse when the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 move up and the cladded workpiece is not hardened yet. During this process, the gas in the first arc block 9 and the second arc block 10 will absorb heat and then flow back into the cold end chamber of the semiconductor cooler 13 through the return air pipe 17 to continue cooling, so as to form a circulation loop for heat absorption.

[0028] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft components, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A side rod (2) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the top of the bottom plate (1), a base plate (3) is fixedly mounted on the upper left of the side rod (2), a lifter (4) is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the top of the bottom plate (1), a lifter block (5) is slidably mounted in the middle of the lifter (4), a splitter (8) is fixedly mounted on the front side of the lifter block (5), a first arc block (9) and a second arc block (10) are slidably mounted on the left side of the splitter (8), a laser cladding head (18) is arranged above the opposite ends of the first arc block (9) and the second arc block (10), and the interiors of the first arc block (9) and the second arc block (10) are designed as cavities; A semiconductor refrigerator (13) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base plate (1), and an air pump (15) is fixedly installed on the left side of the bottom cold end chamber of the semiconductor refrigerator (13). The left sides of the first arc block (9) and the second arc block (10) are respectively fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe (16) and an air return pipe (17), the bottom end of the air inlet pipe (16) is connected to the air pump (15), and the bottom end of the air return pipe (17) is connected to the hot end chamber of the semiconductor refrigerator (13). The first arc block (9) is provided with air holes (19) on both sides of its inner surface, and the second arc block (10) is provided with sealing joints (20) that are compatible with the air holes (19) on both sides of its inner surface.

2. A tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting groove matched with the lifting block (5) is provided in the middle of the lifter (4), and the lifting block (5) is slidably installed in the lifting groove.

3. A tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw rod (6) is threadedly connected to the lifting block (5), and a driving motor (7) whose output shaft is fixed to the screw rod (6) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the lifter (4).

4. A tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splitter (8) is provided with a slide groove that matches the first arc block (9) and the second arc block (10), and the semicircular grooves on the opposite ends of the first arc block (9) and the second arc block (10) are both provided with a ceramic coating.

5. A tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right sides of the first arc block (9) and the second arc block (10) are respectively threadedly connected with threaded rods (11) with opposite external threads, and a double-headed motor (12) is fixedly installed in the middle of the splitter (8), and the two output ends of the double-headed motor (12) are respectively fixedly connected to the two threaded rods (11).

6. A tooling device for laser 3D printing of shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top hot end of the semiconductor refrigerator (13) is provided with heat dissipation fins (14), and the heat dissipation fins (14) are linearly distributed on the top of the semiconductor refrigerator (13).

Images