Grinding structure for aluminum alloy electric arc additive 3D printing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a polishing structure for aluminum alloy electric arc additive 3D printing, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy electric arc additive manufacturing. The structure comprises an electric arc head, a lifting assembly, a translation assembly and a polishing assembly, the lifting assembly is arranged on the electric arc head, the translation assembly is arranged on the lifting assembly, and the polishing assembly is arranged on the translation assembly. The translation assembly and the polishing assembly are driven to move downwards through the lifting assembly until the polishing assembly makes contact with the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix printed on the previous layer, then the translation assembly drives the polishing assembly to do reciprocating linear motion, an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix is polished and removed, the aluminum alloy matrix on the previous layer is prone to being broken down by an electric arc, and the polishing efficiency is improved. And further, the oxide can float to the surface of the newly-formed next layer of aluminum alloy matrix, oxide inclusion is avoided, and the binding force between metal layers and the internal quality of a formed metal part are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a grinding structure for 3D printing of aluminum alloy by arc additive manufacturing, belonging to the technical field of aluminum alloy arc additive manufacturing. Background Technique

[0002] Compared with traditional subtractive manufacturing, additive manufacturing has the advantages of high freedom, high forming complexity, high automation degree, etc. In particular, it can produce titanium and nickel alloys that cannot be produced by traditional methods, and is becoming more and more important in the manufacturing industry. Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an additive manufacturing technology using an arc as the energy-carrying beam, which uses gas metal arc welding, tungsten inert gas welding or plasma arc welding as the heat source to form metal parts by stacking melted wire materials layer by layer. MIG arc additive manufacturing is one of the common processes for aluminum alloy arc additive manufacturing, which is an additive manufacturing method using gas metal arc welding as the heat source. Compared with TIG surfacing, it does not require a tungsten electrode and has the advantages of concentrated heat and easy heat source. When the laser-arc hybrid heat source is used, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the formed parts are found. It is found that the aluminum alloy microstructure obtained under the influence of the hybrid heat source is the most uniform and the mechanical properties are the best.

[0003] During the 3D printing process of aluminum alloy MIG arc additive manufacturing, affected by the material properties of the aluminum alloy itself, an oxide film will form on the surface of the molten aluminum alloy during the solidification process. During the layer-by-layer printing process, the molten pool temperature cannot melt the entire thickness of the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum material, resulting in incomplete floating of alumina and causing inclusions, which reduces the interfacial bonding force between metal layers and further reduces the internal quality of the formed metal parts. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a grinding structure for 3D printing of aluminum alloy by arc additive manufacturing.

[0005] The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A grinding structure for 3D printing of aluminum alloy by arc additive manufacturing includes an arc head, a lifting assembly, a translation assembly and a grinding assembly. The lifting assembly is arranged on the arc head, the translation assembly is arranged on the lifting assembly, and the grinding assembly is arranged on the translation assembly.

[0007] The arc head is a MIG arc head.

[0008] The lifting assembly is a linear module.

[0009] The translation assembly is a double-axis cylinder, and a translation plate is arranged on the piston rod of the double-axis cylinder.

[0010] The grinding assembly is a brush.

[0011] An air inlet hole is provided at the top of the brush.

[0012] The grinding structure further includes a controller and a pressure detection component. The controller is electrically connected to the lifting component, the translational component, and the pressure detection component. The pressure detection component is arranged on the translational component.

[0013] The lower end of the pressure detection component is flush with the lower end of the grinding component.

[0014] The pressure detection component is a pressure sensor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The lifting component drives the translational component and the grinding component to move downward until the grinding component contacts the surface of the previously printed aluminum alloy substrate. Then, the translational component drives the grinding component to perform a reciprocating linear motion to grind and remove the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, making it easier for the previous layer of aluminum alloy substrate to be penetrated by the electric arc. Further, the oxides can float to the surface of the newly formed subsequent layer of aluminum alloy substrate, avoiding the formation of oxide inclusions and ensuring the metal layer bonding force and the internal quality of the formed metal part. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1 - electric arc head, 2 - metal wire, 3 - lifting component, 4 - translational component, 5 - translational plate, 6 - grinding component, 7 - air inlet hole, 8 - pressure detection component. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited thereto.

[0019] As Figure 1 shown, a grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to the present utility model includes an electric arc head 1, a lifting component 3, a translational component 4, and a grinding component 6. The lifting component 3 is installed on the side wall of the electric arc head 1. The translational component 4 is installed on the lifting component 3. The grinding component 6 is installed on the translational component 4. During use, the lifting component 3 drives the translational component 4 and the grinding component 6 to move downward until the grinding component 6 contacts the surface of the previously printed aluminum alloy substrate. Then, the translational component 4 drives the grinding component 6 to perform a reciprocating linear motion to grind and remove the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, making it easier for the previous layer of aluminum alloy substrate to be penetrated by the electric arc. Further, the oxides can float to the surface of the newly formed subsequent layer of aluminum alloy substrate, avoiding the formation of oxide inclusions and ensuring the metal layer bonding force and the internal quality of the formed metal part.

[0020] The electric arc head 1 is a MIG electric arc head. The electric arc head 1 is the welding torch of a MIG welding machine.

[0021] The lifting component 3 is a linear module.

[0022] The translational component 4 is a double-acting cylinder, and a translational plate 5 is installed on the piston rod of the double-acting cylinder. During use, the double-acting cylinder is installed on the moving seat of the linear module, and the brush and the pressure sensor are installed on the translational plate 5.

[0023] The grinding component 6 is a brush. During use, the effective width of the friction surface of the brush is greater than the width of a single pass of metal formed by the MIG welder, ensuring the grinding effect of the brush on the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate. Using a brush to grind the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate has the following effects: First, it ensures the interlayer bonding force between layers of the aluminum alloy substrate; Second, it increases the breakdown ability of the electric arc on the aluminum oxide film, causing the oxide to float to the surface of the newly formed aluminum alloy substrate to prevent oxide inclusions; Third, due to the heat generated by the friction between the brush and the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, the molten pool temperature can be increased, and the solidification time of the molten aluminum alloy can be extended, enabling the oxide to float as much as possible.

[0024] An air inlet hole 7 is provided at the top of the brush. During use, the air inlet hole 7 is connected to an inert gas source through a gas pipe, and the inert gas coming out of the air inlet hole 7 acts on the friction surface between the brush and the aluminum alloy substrate, capable of blowing away impurities and the ground oxide scale, and at the same time preventing the friction surface from overheating.

[0025] The grinding structure further includes a controller and a pressure detection component 8. The controller is electrically connected to the lifting component 3, the translational component 4, and the pressure detection component 8, and the pressure detection component 8 is provided on the translational component 4.

[0026] The lower end of the pressure detection component 8 is flush with the lower end of the grinding component 6.

[0027] The pressure detection component 8 is a pressure sensor.

[0028] The working principle or usage process of the grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to the present utility model is as follows:

[0029] The aluminum alloy wire 2 passes through the arc head 1, and the wire feeding wheel continuously feeds the aluminum alloy wire 2 to the arc head 1. An arc is generated between the aluminum alloy wire 2 and the substrate for wire melting, and the arc head 1 moves along a set path for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing. During the printing process, the pressure sensor detects the pressure between the brush and the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate and transmits relevant signals to the controller. When the detected pressure is less than the set pressure of the controller, the controller controls the linear module to drive the double-axis cylinder and the brush to descend together until the pressure sensor contacts the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate. When the detected pressure of the pressure sensor is greater than or equal to the set pressure, the double-axis cylinder and the brush will no longer continue to descend. At this time, it indicates that the brush is in full contact with the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate and has a certain positive pressure. Then the double-axis cylinder acts to drive the brush to perform a reciprocating linear motion to polish the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate before wire melting and preheat the aluminum alloy substrate before wire melting. By polishing, the previous layer of the substrate is easily penetrated by the arc, and the oxides float up as much as possible. At the same time, the inert gas ejected from the air inlet 7 blows away the debris and scale polished off, reducing the inclusions inside the formed substrate, making the material of the substrate before wire melting basically the same as that of the aluminum alloy wire 2, achieving a perfect combination of the wire melting material and the substrate, ensuring the metal layer bonding force and the internal quality of the formed metal parts.

Claims

1. A grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing, characterized in that: The invention comprises an arc head (1), a lifting assembly (3), a translation assembly (4) and a grinding assembly (6), wherein the lifting assembly (3) is arranged on the arc head (1), the translation assembly (4) is arranged on the lifting assembly (3), and the grinding assembly (6) is arranged on the translation assembly (4).

2. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc head (1) is a MIG arc head.

3. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting component (3) is a linear module.

4. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation assembly (4) is a double-axis cylinder, and a translation plate (5) is provided on the piston rod of the double-axis cylinder.

5. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing component (6) is a brush.

6. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air inlet hole (7) is provided on the top of the brush.

7. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing structure further comprises a controller and a pressure detection component (8); the controller is electrically connected to the lifting component (3), the translation component (4), and the pressure detection component (8); and the pressure detection component (8) is arranged on the translation component (4).

8. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the pressure detection component (8) is flush with the lower end of the grinding component (6).

9. The grinding structure for aluminum alloy arc additive 3D printing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure detection component (8) is a pressure sensor.

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