Integral prefabricated dry dock
Through the design and transportation method of the integrated prefabricated dry dock, the problem of long construction cycle of dry docks in outer sea islands has been solved, and the goals of rapid construction and economic benefits have been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422136774.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-02
AI Technical Summary
The existing dry docks in the offshore islands have a long construction cycle, and the construction period of dry docks on the islands has a long construction cycle. The use of floating docks has problems such as high cost and complex operation.
An integral prefabricated dry dock is provided, connected by a hanging point set on the top of its dock wall and fixed under the transport ship, transported to the outer sea islands in an integral manner and installed in an integral sinking manner.
It has achieved the need to quickly build dry docks in offshore islands, reduced transportation weight, facilitated overall transportation, and had reusable and good economic benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN222921743U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of dry docks, and particularly relates to an integral prefabricated dry dock. Background Art
[0002] A dry dock is a dock artificially constructed on the shore, mainly used for building, refitting and repairing ships. The construction process of a dry dock usually includes building a cofferdam, stopping water around the area where the dry dock is to be built, dewatering the area inside the cofferdam, leveling the land, excavating the foundation pit, laying a gravel cushion layer, pouring a concrete floor slab, constructing a reinforced concrete dock wall, installing a dock entrance, etc. Its construction process is very cumbersome, with a long construction period and low construction efficiency.
[0003] In the construction of offshore water conservancy projects, natural or artificial islands in the open sea have important utilization value. As an offshore island for offshore water conservancy project construction, it is usually necessary to build a dry dock on the offshore island and build a prefabrication factory inside the dock to prefabricate building components for construction. However, the construction period of the prefabrication factory is long and requires the offshore island to have a sufficiently large area. If a prefabrication factory is built at other land sites and the prefabricated components are transported to the island, there will be a problem of high transportation costs. At the same time, it is also necessary to build a dry dock on the island or use a floating dock for the maintenance of construction ships. However, building a dry dock on the island has a long construction period, and using a floating dock has problems of high cost and complex operations. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] Aiming at the problem of the long construction period of the existing offshore island dry dock, the utility model provides an integral prefabricated dry dock, which can be transported and installed integrally to meet the need for quickly building a dry dock on an offshore island.
[0005] The utility model provides an integral prefabricated dry dock, including:
[0006] A dock wall, the dock wall is in an enclosing structure, one side of the dock wall is provided with a dock entrance for connecting the space enclosed by the dock wall and the external space, and a plurality of first compartments are arranged inside the dock wall;
[0007] A bottom plate, which includes a bottom plate main body, the bottom plate main body is connected to the bottom of the dock wall and prefabricated integrally with the dock wall, and a plurality of second compartments are arranged inside the bottom plate main body;
[0008] A dock gate, the dock gate is installed at the dock entrance to open or close the dock entrance;
[0009] A plurality of lifting points, the lifting points are arranged at the top of the dock wall.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first compartments penetrate from the inside of the dock wall to the top of the dock wall.
[0011] In some of these embodiments, the second compartment is opened in the part of the bottom plate main body within the enclosure of the dock wall, and the second compartment penetrates from the inside of the bottom plate main body to the top of the bottom plate main body; the bottom plate further includes a cover plate, and the cover plate is covered on the top of the part of the bottom plate main body within the enclosure of the dock wall.
[0012] In some of these embodiments, the dock gate is detachably installed at the dock entrance; the integral prefabricated dry dock further includes a temporary sealing door for closing the dock entrance instead of the dock gate during the transportation of the integral prefabricated dry dock, and the temporary sealing door is detachably installed at the dock entrance.
[0013] In some of these embodiments, a precast block for increasing the height of the integral prefabricated dry dock is detachably connected to the top of the dock wall, and a water stop belt for water stop is provided between the top of the dock wall and the precast block.
[0014] In some of these embodiments, there are multiple precast blocks, and the multiple precast blocks are sequentially connected to form an enclosure structure identical to the dock wall, and adjacent two precast blocks are connected by a cast-in-place joint.
[0015] In some of these embodiments, a ballast water tank is provided within the space enclosed by the dock wall.
[0016] In some of these embodiments, a mooring post for connecting the towing cable is further provided at the top of the dock wall.
[0017] In some of these embodiments, the mooring post includes a first mooring post for connecting the towing cable and a second mooring post for connecting the control cable, and at least one first mooring post is provided at the central position on the side of the dock wall away from the dock entrance, and at least one second mooring post is provided at the positions near the four corners of the top of the dock wall respectively.
[0018] In some of these embodiments, a flange surrounding the dock wall is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom end of the dock wall, and the flange is precast integrally with the dock wall.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0020] 1. The integral prefabricated dry dock provided by the present utility model is an integral prefabricated structure, which can be connected and fixed under the transport ship through the lifting points provided at the top of its dock wall, and then transported to the outer sea island as a whole by the transport ship and integrally sunk and installed, which can meet the needs of quickly building a dry dock on the outer sea island;
[0021] 2. The integral prefabricated dry dock provided by the present utility model has a first compartment and a second compartment provided in its dock wall and bottom plate. During transportation, the first compartment and the second compartment are empty, which can reduce the transportation weight of the integral prefabricated dry dock and facilitate the realization of integral transportation;
[0022] 3. The integral precast dry dock provided by the utility model is an integral precast structure, which can be integrally installed and disassembled, and can be reused, which is conducive to saving the construction cost of the dry dock and has good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the utility model. In the drawings:
[0024] Figure 1 is a top view of the integral precast dry dock provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view of the integral precast dry dock in
[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the top view of the integral precast dry dock in the state without covering the cover plate in
[0027] Figure 4 is a sectional view along the A-A line in Figure 1 ;
[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the integral precast dry dock provided by an embodiment of the utility model in the state of temporarily closing the dock entrance with a temporary door during transportation;
[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the integral precast dry dock provided by an embodiment of the utility model in the state of being winched and moved;
[0030] Figure 7 is the front view of the integral precast dry dock provided by another embodiment of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 8 is Figure 7 the top view of the integral precast dry dock in
[0032] Figure 9 is Figure 7 the top view of the integral precast dry dock in the state of not being connected to the precast block in
[0033] In the figure:
[0034] 1. Integral precast dry dock; 2. Winching traction cable; 3. Winching control cable;
[0035] 10. Dock wall; 101. First compartment; 11. Bottom plate; 111. Bottom plate body; 1111. Second compartment; 112. Cover plate; 12. Dock gate; 13. Lifting point; 14. Ballast water tank; 15. Flange; 16. Mooring post; 161. First mooring post; 162. Second mooring post; 17. Temporary sealing door; 18. Prefabricated block; 19. Waterstop belt;
[0036] a. Cast-in-place joint. Detailed implementation manner
[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.
[0039] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.
[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0041] As shown in the attached Figures 1 - 4As shown, in a schematic embodiment of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 of the present utility model, the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 includes a dock wall 10, a bottom plate 11, a dock gate 12 and a plurality of lifting points 13; the dock wall 10 is in an enclosing structure, and a dock opening for communicating the space enclosed by the dock wall 10 with the external space is provided on one side of the dock wall 10, and a number of first compartments 101 are provided inside the dock wall 10; the bottom plate 11 includes a bottom plate main body 111, the bottom plate main body 111 is connected to the bottom of the dock wall 10 and prefabricated integrally with the dock wall 10, and a number of second compartments 1111 are provided inside the bottom plate main body 111; the dock gate 12 is installed at the dock opening to open or close the dock opening; the lifting points 13 are provided at the top of the dock wall 10.
[0042] The above integral prefabricated dry dock 1 is an integral prefabricated structure, which can be connected and fixed under the transport ship through the lifting points 13 provided at the top of its dock wall 10, and then transported to the outer sea island as a whole by the transport ship and installed by overall sinking, which can meet the need for quickly building a dry dock on the outer sea island. At the same time, for the above integral prefabricated dry dock 1, the first compartments 101 and the second compartments 1111 are provided inside its dock wall 10 and bottom plate 11. During transportation, the first compartments 101 and the second compartments 1111 are empty, which can reduce the transportation weight of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 and facilitate overall transportation. In addition, the above integral prefabricated dry dock 1 is an integral prefabricated structure, which can be integrally installed and disassembled, and can be reused, which is beneficial to saving the construction cost of the dry dock and has good economic benefits.
[0043] It should be noted that a catamaran can be used for the transportation of the above integral prefabricated dry dock 1. During transportation, the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 is connected under the connecting bridge of the catamaran and located between the two hulls.
[0044] As Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the first compartment 101 penetrates from the inside of the dock wall 10 to the top of the dock wall 10. After the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 is installed by overall sinking, by backfilling the first compartment 101 with stones, the weight of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 can be increased to ensure stable bottom sitting.
[0045] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the second compartment 1111 is formed in the part of the bottom plate main body 111 within the enclosure of the dock wall 10, and the second compartment 1111 penetrates from the inside of the bottom plate main body 111 to the top of the bottom plate main body 111; the bottom plate 11 further includes a cover plate 112, and the cover plate 112 is disposed on the top of the part of the bottom plate main body 111 within the enclosure of the dock wall 10. It should be noted that a groove is provided at the top of the part of the bottom plate main body 111 where the second compartment 1111 is formed to accommodate the cover plate 112. After the cover plate 112 is covered, the top of the cover plate 112 is flush with the top surface of the surrounding bottom plate main body 111. By using the second compartment 1111 that penetrates to the top of the bottom plate main body 111, after the integral precast dry dock 1 is sunk and installed, by backfilling the second compartment 1111 with stones, the weight of the integral precast dry dock 1 can be further increased to ensure stable bottom sitting. After backfilling, the cover plate 112 is placed within the enclosure of the dock wall 10 and covered on the bottom plate main body 111, so as to shield the through-opening of the second compartment 1111 at the top of the bottom plate main body 111, thereby forming a flat bottom surface inside the dock for facilitating operations inside the dock.
[0046] It can be understood that the first compartment 101 and the second compartment 1111 can also adopt a closed structure, which only serves to reduce the transportation weight of the integral precast dry dock 1. After the integral precast dry dock 1 is sunk and installed, the integral precast dry dock 1 is fixed by other means (for example, backfilling stones around the integral precast dry dock 1 to press it, or using fixing parts such as ropes to fix it, or using fixing methods such as casting and welding to fix it) to ensure stable bottom sitting.
[0047] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, a ballast water tank 14 is provided within the space enclosed by the dock wall 10. Before transporting the integral precast dry dock 1, by injecting and draining water from the ballast water tank 14, the freeboard of the integral precast dry dock 1 can be adjusted to facilitate connection below the transport ship; at the same time, after the integral precast dry dock 1 is transported in place, by injecting ballast water into the ballast water tank 14, the integral precast dry dock 1 can be sunk to ensure stable bottom sitting. When the integral precast dry dock 1 is used up and needs to be demolished, by discharging the ballast water in the ballast water tank 14, the integral precast dry dock 1 can be floated to facilitate the recovery of the integral precast dry dock 1.
[0048] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, a flange 15 is provided around the outer periphery of the bottom end of the dock wall 10, and the flange 15 is precast integrally with the dock wall 10. After the integral precast dry dock 1 is sunk and sits on the bottom, stones are backfilled outside the dock wall 10 to press the flange 15, thereby fixing the integral precast dry dock 1 and playing an anti-floating role.
[0049] As Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the dock gate 12 is detachably installed at the dock entrance; the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 further includes a temporary sealing door 17 for closing the dock entrance during the transportation of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 instead of the dock gate 12, and the temporary sealing door 17 is detachably installed at the dock entrance. During the transportation of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1, using the temporary sealing door 17 to close the dock entrance can further reduce the transportation weight of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1, facilitating the rapid transfer and transportation of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1. After the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 is sunk, the temporary sealing door 17 is removed, and the dock gate 12 is installed at the dock entrance, then the normal opening and closing operation of the dock gate 12 can be restored. It should be noted that steel plates or the like can be used as the temporary sealing door 17. It should be noted that the detachable installation method between the temporary sealing door 17 and the dock entrance can be: setting embedded parts on the outer periphery of the dock entrance, and connecting the temporary sealing door 17 to the embedded parts by bolts or welding to the embedded parts.
[0050] As Figure 1 shown, a mooring post 16 for connecting the mooring cable system is also provided at the top of the dock wall 10. When the space at the installation position of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 is narrow and the transportation ship cannot enter, by connecting the mooring cable system through the provided mooring post 16, the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 can be moved by mooring cable, so that the integral prefabricated dry dock 1 is moved into its installation position. Specifically, as Figure 6 shown, in this embodiment, the mooring post 16 includes a first mooring post 161 for connecting the mooring traction cable 2 and a second mooring post 162 for connecting the mooring control cable 3. At least one first mooring post 161 is provided at the central position on the side of the dock wall 10 away from the dock entrance, and at least one second mooring post 162 is provided at the positions near the four corners of the top of the dock wall 10 respectively; the mooring traction cable 2 is connected through the first mooring post 161, and the mooring control cable 3 is connected through the second mooring post 162, which is convenient for controlling the mooring direction of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1.
[0051] Limited by the carrying capacity of the transportation ship and considering the transportation safety of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1, the height of the dock wall 10 of the transported integral prefabricated dry dock 1 should not be designed too high. However, if the height of the dock wall 10 is too short, it cannot meet the usage requirements of the dry dock in deep water areas. In order to balance the transportation requirements and usage requirements of the integral prefabricated dry dock 1, as Figures 7 - 9As shown, in another exemplary embodiment of the integral precast dry dock 1 of the present utility model, a precast block 18 for increasing the height of the integral precast dry dock 1 is detachably connected to the top of the dock wall 10, and a water stop belt 19 for water stop is provided between the top of the dock wall 10 and the precast block 18. Before transportation, the precast block 18 is detached to reduce the height of the integral precast dry dock 1 and ensure transportation safety. After the part of the integral precast dry dock 1 without the precast block 18 is sunk to the bottom, the precast block 18 is installed on the top of the dock wall 10 to increase the height of the dock wall 10, so that the total height of the integral precast dry dock 1 is greater than the highest water level at high tide, thus meeting the use requirements; the water stop belt 19 provided can stop water between the precast block 18 and the top of the dock wall 10, and can ensure the dry working environment inside the integral precast dry dock 1.
[0052] Further, as Figure 8 shown, in this embodiment, there are multiple precast blocks 18, and the multiple precast blocks 18 are sequentially connected to form an enclosing structure the same as that of the dock wall 10, and adjacent two precast blocks 18 are connected by a cast-in-place joint a.
[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not to limit them; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: still modifications can be made to the specific implementation manners of the present utility model or equivalent replacements can be made to some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present utility model, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present utility model.
Claims
1. Integral prefabricated dry dock, characterized in that: include: A dock wall, wherein the dock wall is an enclosing structure, a dock opening for connecting the space enclosed by the dock wall with the external space is opened on one side of the dock wall, and a plurality of first compartments are opened in the dock wall; A bottom plate, comprising a bottom plate body, the bottom plate body is connected to the bottom of the dock wall and prefabricated as one body with the dock wall, and a plurality of second compartments are opened in the bottom plate body; A dock door, the dock door is installed at the dock opening to open or close the dock opening; A plurality of hanging points are arranged on the top of the dock wall.
2. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first compartment passes through from the inside of the dock wall to the top of the dock wall.
3. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second compartment is opened in the part of the base plate body located within the encirclement of the dock wall, and the second compartment passes through from the inside of the base plate body to the top of the base plate body; the base plate also includes a cover plate, and the cover plate is arranged on the top of the part of the base plate body located within the encirclement of the dock wall.
4. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dock door can be detachably installed at the dock entrance; the integral prefabricated dry dock also includes a temporary sealing door for replacing the dock door to close the dock entrance during the transportation of the integral prefabricated dry dock, and the temporary sealing door can be detachably installed at the dock entrance.
5. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A prefabricated block for increasing the height of the integral prefabricated dry dock is detachably connected to the top of the dock wall, and a waterstop for stopping water is provided between the top of the dock wall and the prefabricated block.
6. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are multiple prefabricated blocks, which are connected in sequence to form an enclosure structure identical to the dock wall, and two adjacent prefabricated blocks are connected via a cast-in-place joint.
7. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ballast water tank is arranged in the space surrounded by the dock wall.
8. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mooring post for connecting a twisting and shifting cable is also provided on the top of the dock wall.
9. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mooring post includes a first mooring post for connecting a twisting traction cable and a second mooring post for connecting a twisting control cable. At least one first mooring post is arranged at the center position of the dock wall away from the dock opening, and at least one second mooring post is arranged at the top of the dock wall near the four corners.
10. The integrated prefabricated dry dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange arranged around the dock wall is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom end of the dock wall, and the flange is prefabricated as a whole with the dock wall.