Biomass continuous carbonization equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of environmental engineering, in particular to biomass continuous carbonization equipment which comprises a carbonization furnace and a crushing mechanism, a feeding pipe is arranged on the carbonization furnace, and a crushing box is arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the feeding pipe; the crushing mechanism comprises a motor arranged on the crushing box, two rotating shafts which are symmetrically distributed and rotationally arranged on the crushing box, a plurality of mounting rings which are distributed on the rotating shafts in a linear array manner, four crushing cutters which are distributed on the mounting rings in an annular array manner, and six scraping plates which are distributed in an annular array manner and penetrate through the crushing cutters; the two sets of guide plates are obliquely arranged on the crushing box, the two gears are coaxially arranged on the two rotating shafts respectively, the motor is in driving connection with the rotating shaft on one side, and the two gears are in meshed connection. According to the feeding device, long-strip-shaped materials such as straw can be crushed before being fed, the situation that the materials are stacked and arched is avoided, and the carbonization processing efficiency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of environmental engineering, in particular to a biomass continuous carbonization device. Background Art

[0002] Biomass refers to various organisms formed through photosynthesis. It is a renewable energy source that can be converted into conventional solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels. Biomass carbonization can not only improve the energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of biomass, but also contribute to soil improvement and environmental governance. It is a conversion technology with multiple benefits.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN211522114U discloses a simple and efficient biomass continuous carbonization device, including a support frame. A carbonization mechanism is arranged inside the support frame. The carbonization mechanism includes a carbonization furnace fixedly connected inside the support frame. A heating furnace is fixedly connected to the bottom of the carbonization furnace. A gas pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the heating furnace. A feed pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the carbonization furnace. A feed hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the feed pipe. By setting the heating furnace, carbonization furnace, box body, condensing pipe, filtering box, and cooling storage tank, the utility model can quickly carry out continuous carbonization work on the input materials. After the materials are carbonized, they can be cooled, stored, and collected. At the same time, it can effectively separate oil and gas from the flue gas generated by material carbonization and filter waste gas.

[0004] However, the above technical solution has the following deficiencies: The device feeds materials into the carbonization furnace through a feed hopper. The materials then fall into the carbonization furnace by their own gravity and are continuously carbonized. However, when the materials are straw or branches, the friction between the materials and the inner wall of the feed hopper is large, and the phenomenon of "bridging" arching will occur, hindering feeding and reducing the feeding efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to address the problems in the background art and propose a biomass continuous carbonization device that can crush long strip materials such as straw before feeding, avoid the situation of material accumulation and arching, and ensure the efficiency of carbonization processing.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model, a biomass continuous carbonization device, includes a carbonization furnace and a crushing mechanism. A feed pipe is arranged on the carbonization furnace. A crushing box is arranged at the inlet and outlet of the feed pipe. The crushing mechanism includes a motor arranged on the crushing box, two symmetrically distributed rotating shafts rotatably arranged on the crushing box, a plurality of mounting rings linearly arrayed on the rotating shafts, four crushing knives annularly arrayed on the mounting rings, six scrapers annularly arrayed and penetrating the crushing knives, two groups of inclined guide plates arranged on the crushing box, and two gears respectively coaxially arranged on the two rotating shafts. The motor is drivingly connected to one of the rotating shafts, and the two gears are meshingly connected.

[0007] Preferably, a notch is provided between two adjacent crushing knives, and a groove with a triangular cross-sectional shape is provided on the scraping plate.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of avoidance grooves are provided on the material guiding plate and distributed in a linear array for the crushing knives to pass through.

[0009] Preferably, a heating furnace, a cooling storage tank and an exhaust pipe are provided on the carbonization furnace, and one end of the exhaust pipe far away from the carbonization furnace is communicated with a filtering box.

[0010] Preferably, a filtering mechanism is provided inside the filtering box. The filtering mechanism includes a water tank provided on the filtering box, a fixing block provided inside the filtering box, a shunt cylinder provided on the fixing block, a water pipe for connecting the shunt cylinder and the water tank, a filter net and a tar adsorption layer provided inside the filtering box, and a plurality of nozzles provided on the shunt cylinder. The filter net is located above the tar adsorption layer.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust port of the filtering box is communicated with a fan, and the air outlet of the fan is communicated with a filter.

[0012] Preferably, two symmetrically distributed guiding blocks are provided on both the filter net and the tar adsorption layer, and a sliding groove for the horizontal sliding of the guiding blocks is provided on the filtering box.

[0013] Preferably, a drain pipe and a box door for controlling opening and closing are provided on the filtering box.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] 1. The feeding mechanism provided by the utility model can not only feed general materials, but also crush materials in the shape of straw, etc., avoiding the phenomenon of "bridging" arching caused by excessive friction between the materials and the feeding pipe, thus preventing feeding and reducing the feeding efficiency.

[0016] 2. The filtering box and the filter provided by the utility model can filter the flue gas generated by carbonization. At the same time, under the action of the filtering mechanism, the tar in the flue gas can be recycled, improving the utilization rate of resources, and the filtering effect of the flue gas is good, with good practicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing box;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the crushing mechanism;

[0020] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filtration box.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1, carbonization furnace; 2, feed pipe; 3, crushing box; 4, motor; 5, rotating shaft; 6, mounting ring; 7, crushing knife; 8, scraper; 9, guiding plate; 10, gear; 11, heating furnace; 12, cooling storage tank; 13, exhaust pipe; 14, filtration box; 15, water tank; 16, water pipe; 17, fixing block; 18, shunt cylinder; 19, spray head; 20, filter screen; 21, tar adsorption layer; 22, guiding block; 23, drain pipe; 24, box door; 25, fan; 26, filter. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, a biomass continuous carbonization device proposed in this embodiment includes a carbonization furnace 1 and a crushing mechanism; a feed pipe 2 is arranged on the carbonization furnace 1, and a crushing box 3 is arranged at the inlet and outlet of the feed pipe 2.

[0024] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the crushing mechanism includes a motor 4 arranged on the crushing box 3, two symmetrically distributed rotating shafts 5 rotatably arranged on the crushing box 3, a plurality of mounting rings 6 linearly arrayed on the rotating shafts 5, four crushing knives 7 annularly arrayed on the mounting rings 6, six scrapers 8 annularly arrayed and penetrating through the crushing knives 7, two groups of guiding plates 9 obliquely arranged on the crushing box 3, and two gears 10 coaxially arranged on the two rotating shafts 5 respectively. The motor 4 is drivingly connected to the rotating shaft 5 on one side, and the two gears 10 are meshingly connected.

[0025] A gap is arranged between two adjacent crushing knives 7, a groove with a triangular cross-section is arranged on the scraper 8, and a plurality of avoidance grooves linearly arrayed and for the crushing knives 7 to pass through are arranged on the guiding plate 9.

[0026] In this embodiment, when the material needs to be carbonized, the material is poured on the guiding plate 9 of the crushing box 3, the motor 4 is started to drive the rotating shaft 5 on one side to rotate, and then the two gears 10 are meshingly driven, and the two rotating shafts 5 drive the mounting rings 6 to rotate simultaneously. The mounting rings 6 drive the crushing knives 7 and the scrapers 8 to rotate. The material is cut and crushed by the crushing knives 7. When long strip-shaped materials such as straw fall into the gap, they will rotate with the rotating shaft 5. When the gap rotates to the avoidance groove, the crushing knife 7 rotates in cooperation with the avoidance groove to cut the straw and let it fall from the gap. When the diameter of the straw is too large and causes accumulation, the scraper 8 cooperates with the groove to scrape off the straw to ensure the normal feeding of the material.

[0027] Embodiment 2

[0028] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a biomass continuous carbonization device proposed in this embodiment. Compared with the first embodiment, in this embodiment, a heating furnace 11, a cooling storage tank 12 and an exhaust pipe 13 are provided on the carbonization furnace 1. One end of the exhaust pipe 13 far from the carbonization furnace 1 is connected to a filter box 14. The exhaust port of the filter box 14 is connected to a fan 25, and the air outlet of the fan 25 is connected to a filter 26.

[0029] In this embodiment, the carbonization furnace 1 is heated by the heating furnace 11, and the materials conveyed by gravity are continuously carbonized. The carbonized materials are stored in the cooling storage tank 12. The flue gas generated during the carbonization process enters the filter box 14 through the exhaust pipe 13. The tar and some dust particles in the flue gas are removed through the filter box 14, and then the treated gas is transported into the filter 26 by the fan 25 for further treatment to ensure the treatment effect of the gas.

[0030] Embodiment Three

[0031] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown in the figure, a biomass continuous carbonization device proposed in this embodiment. Compared with the first embodiment, in this embodiment, a filtering mechanism is provided inside the filter box 14. The filtering mechanism includes a water tank 15 provided on the filter box 14, a fixing block 17 provided inside the filter box 14, a shunt cylinder 18 provided on the fixing block 17, a water pipe 16 for connecting the shunt cylinder 18 and the water tank 15, a filter net 20 and a tar adsorption layer 21 provided inside the filter box 14, and a plurality of spray heads 19 provided on the shunt cylinder 18. The filter net 20 is located above the tar adsorption layer 21.

[0032] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, two symmetrically distributed guiding blocks 22 are provided on both the filter net 20 and the tar adsorption layer 21. A sliding groove for the horizontal sliding of the guiding block 22 is provided on the filter box 14. The guiding block 22 and the sliding groove facilitate the installation or disassembly of the filter net 20 and the tar adsorption layer 21.

[0033] A drain pipe 23 and a box door 24 for controlling opening and closing are provided on the filter box 14. The box door 24 is used for disassembling and assembling the filter net 20 and the tar adsorption layer 21, and at the same time facilitates the maintenance or cleaning of the inside of the filter box 14.

[0034] In this embodiment, the condensate is conveyed from the water pipe 16 into the shunt cylinder 18 by a water pump (not shown) in the water tank 15, and then sprayed out through the nozzle 19. The tar in the flue gas condenses into a liquid and drops when cooled. The soot entrained in the condensate is filtered by the filter screen 20, and then the condensed tar is adsorbed by the tar adsorption layer 21. The condensate falls to the bottom of the filter box 14 and can be discharged through the drain pipe 23 for recycling. The filter screen 20 and the tar adsorption layer 21 can be disassembled through the guide block 22, which is convenient for cleaning the filter screen 20 and recycling the tar, making full use of resources.

[0035] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art to which it pertains.

Claims

1. A biomass continuous carbonization device, characterized in that: include: A carbonization furnace (1) is provided with a feed pipe (2), and a crushing box (3) is provided at the inlet and outlet of the feed pipe (2); A crushing mechanism comprises a motor (4) arranged on a crushing box (3), two rotating shafts (5) symmetrically distributed and rotatably arranged on the crushing box (3), a plurality of mounting rings (6) distributed on the rotating shafts (5) in a linear array, four crushing knives (7) distributed on the mounting rings (6) in an annular array, six scrapers (8) distributed in an annular array and penetrating the crushing knives (7), two groups of guide plates (9) obliquely arranged on the crushing box (3), and two gears (10) coaxially arranged on the two rotating shafts (5), wherein the motor (4) is drivingly connected to the rotating shaft (5) on one side, and the two gears (10) are meshingly connected.

2. The biomass continuous carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between two adjacent crushing knives (7), and a groove with a triangular cross-sectional shape is provided on the scraper (8).

3. The biomass continuous carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (9) is provided with a plurality of avoidance grooves distributed in a linear array and for the crushing knife (7) to pass through.

4. The biomass continuous carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization furnace (1) is provided with a heating furnace (11), a cooling storage tank (12) and an exhaust pipe (13); one end of the exhaust pipe (13) away from the carbonization furnace (1) is connected to a filter box (14).

5. The biomass continuous carbonization equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filtering mechanism is arranged inside the filter box (14), the filtering mechanism comprising a water tank (15) arranged on the filter box (14), a fixing block (17) arranged inside the filter box (14), a flow dividing cylinder (18) arranged on the fixing block (17), a water pipe (16) for connecting the flow dividing cylinder (18) and the water tank (15), a filtering net (20) and a tar adsorption layer (21) arranged inside the filter box (14), and a plurality of nozzles (19) arranged on the flow dividing cylinder (18), wherein the filtering net (20) is located above the tar adsorption layer (21).

6. The biomass continuous carbonization equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust port of the filter box (14) is connected to a fan (25), and the exhaust port of the fan (25) is connected to a filter (26).

7. The biomass continuous carbonization equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter screen (20) and the tar adsorption layer (21) are both provided with two symmetrically distributed guide blocks (22), and the filter box (14) is provided with a slide groove for the guide blocks (22) to slide horizontally.

8. The biomass continuous carbonization equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter box (14) is provided with a drainage pipe (23) and a box door (24) for controlling opening and closing.

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