Hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking. The hydraulic retarder with the adjustable braking torque comprises a machine shell, a stator and a rotor, a working cavity is formed in the machine shell, blades with adjustable inclination angles are installed on the stator or / and the rotor, the blades on the stator and the blades on the rotor are located in the working cavity, and the blades on the stator and the blades on the rotor are oppositely arranged. According to the hydraulic retarder, the brake torque of the hydraulic retarder can be adjusted by adjusting the inclination angles of the blades, energy loss in a non-brake state is reduced, heat generated in the non-brake state is reduced, and meanwhile the hydraulic retarder can be better matched with the running condition of a vehicle by adjusting the brake torque in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, and particularly relates to a hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic retarder is an automotive retardation device that uses the principle of liquid damping to reduce the vehicle's driving speed. It is particularly suitable for heavy vehicles to control the vehicle speed when going down long slopes, improving driving safety and comfort.

[0003] The existing hydraulic retarder includes a housing. A working chamber is provided inside the housing. A stator and a rotor are installed in the working chamber. Blades are provided on both the stator and the rotor and are arranged oppositely. The stator is fixedly arranged relative to the housing. A braking output shaft is provided on the rotor. When in use, the housing is fixedly installed on the vehicle (usually installed on the vehicle frame or the gearbox). The braking output shaft of the rotor is power-connected to the vehicle's transmission shaft. During operation, the working fluid (usually hydraulic oil) is filled into the working chamber between the rotor and the stator. As the rotor rotates, the working fluid generates a torque on the stator, and this torque is then converted into the braking torque of the rotor. In this way, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy through the friction of the working fluid and the impact on the stator, causing the temperature of the working fluid to rise. Subsequently, the working fluid is introduced into the heat exchanger to circulate, and finally dissipated through the engine's cooling system, thereby achieving the retardation of the vehicle.

[0004] The existing hydraulic retarder has the following disadvantages: when the vehicle does not need braking, there is still a large braking torque, which not only causes continuous heating of the hydraulic retarder but also results in more energy loss. Therefore, it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque for the above problems, so as to solve the problem of more energy loss in the non-braking state in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque, which includes a housing, a stator, and a rotor. A working chamber is provided inside the housing. Blades with adjustable inclination angles are installed on the stator or / and the rotor. The blades on the stator and the rotor are both located in the working chamber and are arranged oppositely. By adjusting the inclination angle of the blades, the acting force of the rotor on the working fluid or the acting force of the working fluid on the stator can be reduced, thereby adjusting the braking torque. In the non-braking state, the generation of heat can also be reduced, and energy loss can be reduced.

[0007] Further, the stator includes a stator blade mounting bracket which is fixed to the housing or is an integral structure with the housing. A plurality of stator blades are circumferentially arranged and mounted on the stator blade mounting bracket. The stator blades are hinged to the stator blade mounting bracket, and the stator blades are connected with a stator blade inclination angle adjusting device. The stator blade inclination angle adjusting device can be used to change the inclination angle of the stator blades, so as to adjust the braking torque.

[0008] Further, the stator blade inclination angle adjusting device includes a swing arm, a slider and a ring. The outer end of the stator blade is fixedly connected with a first pivot shaft and is hinged to the blade mounting bracket through the first pivot shaft. One end of the swing arm is fixedly connected to the first pivot shaft, and the other end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to the slider. The ring is rotatably connected to the blade mounting bracket. A chute extending along its axial direction is provided on the inner wall of the ring, and the slider is slidably mounted in the chute. The ring is connected with a first power device for driving it to rotate. By rotating the ring, the slider can be driven to move circumferentially, thereby driving the swing arm to rotate, and finally changing the inclination angle of the stator blade. The cooperation between the slider and the chute can compensate for the position difference of the slider along the axial direction of the ring. This stator blade inclination angle adjusting device can achieve precise adjustment of the blade inclination angle and realize simultaneous adjustment of the inclination angles of all stator blades.

[0009] Further, the first power device includes a ring worm fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the ring, and also includes a worm rotatably mounted on the housing. The worm meshes with the ring worm, and a motor for driving the worm to rotate is mounted on the housing. The meshing between the worm and the ring worm can accurately adjust the rotation angle of the ring, thereby realizing precise adjustment of the inclination angle of the stator blade. In addition, the worm also has a self-locking function to keep the inclination angle of the stator blade unchanged after adjustment.

[0010] Further, the rotor includes a rotor shaft which is rotatably connected to the housing. A plurality of rotor blades are circumferentially arranged and mounted on the rotor shaft. The rotor blades are hinged to the rotor shaft, and the rotor blades are connected with a rotor blade inclination angle adjusting device. The rotor blade inclination angle adjusting device can be used to change the inclination angle of the rotor blades, so as to adjust the braking torque.

[0011] Further, the rotor blade inclination adjusting device includes a sliding sleeve sleeved on the rotor shaft. The inner end of the rotor blade is hinged to the rotor shaft through a second pivot. A plurality of axially extending long sliding holes are provided on the sliding sleeve in a circumferential manner. The second pivot passes through the long sliding holes. A sliding column is connected to the inner end of the rotor blade. The sliding column and the second pivot are arranged at intervals. A circumferentially extending groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft. The sliding column is inserted into the groove. The sliding sleeve is connected with a second driving device for driving it to axially slide. The axial sliding of the sliding sleeve can drive the sliding column to axially move along the rotor shaft, so that the rotor blade rotates around the second pivot, and finally changes the inclination of the rotor blade. The cooperation between the sliding column and the groove can compensate for the position difference of the sliding column in the circumferential direction of the sliding sleeve. This rotor blade inclination adjusting device can achieve precise adjustment of the rotor blade inclination and realize simultaneous adjustment of the inclination of all rotor blades.

[0012] Further, the second driving device includes a rotating sleeve rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve. External threads are provided on the rotating sleeve. A fixed ring is installed on the machine shell. Internal threads are provided on the fixed ring. The external threads on the rotating sleeve are engaged with the internal threads on the fixed ring. Gear teeth are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating sleeve. A driving gear driven by power is rotatably installed on the machine shell. The gear teeth of the driving gear are engaged with the gear teeth on the rotating sleeve. The length of the gear teeth on the rotating sleeve is greater than the length of the gear teeth on the driving gear. By using the threaded cooperation between the rotating sleeve and the fixed ring, when the rotating sleeve rotates, the rotating sleeve axially moves, thereby pushing the sliding sleeve axially move, realizing precise adjustment of the rotor blade inclination. At the same time, the thread has a self-locking function to keep the inclination of the rotor blade unchanged.

[0013] Further, a gear shaft is rotatably installed on the machine shell. The driving gear is fixedly connected to one end of the gear shaft. A bevel gear is fixedly connected to the other end of the gear shaft. A motor is installed on the machine shell. A bevel gear is connected to the power output shaft of the motor. The bevel gear on the gear shaft is engaged with the bevel gear on the power output shaft of the motor. The cooperation of the two bevel gears can change the transmission direction and facilitate the installation of the motor.

[0014] Further, the stator blade mounting frame is in a disc shape. A blade mounting cavity is provided on one side of the stator blade mounting frame. The stator blades are accommodated in the blade mounting cavity. The stator blade mounting frame has the dual functions of connecting the machine shell and mounting the stator blades, and can also prevent the working fluid from flowing to the other side of the rear stator blade, improving the deceleration effect during braking.

[0015] Further, a through hole is provided in the middle of the stator blade mounting frame. The rotor includes a rotor shaft. The rotor shaft passes through the through hole. Both ends of the rotor shaft are rotatably connected to the machine shell. After adopting this structure, the blades on the stator and the rotor are closer, and the deceleration effect is better during braking. At the same time, the operation of the rotor shaft is also relatively stable.

[0016] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: By adjusting the blade inclination angle, the present utility model realizes adjustable braking torque of the hydrodynamic retarder, reduces energy loss and heat generation in the non-braking state, and at the same time, through the instant adjustment of the braking torque, the hydrodynamic retarder can better cooperate with the running condition of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the stator blade angle adjustment device in the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the rotor blade angle adjustment device in the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged view of part A in

[0021] In the figure: 1, housing; 2, stator; 3, rotor; 4, working chamber; 5, stator blade mounting bracket; 6, stator blade; 7, swing arm; 8, slider; 9, ring; 10, first pivot; 11, chute; 12, ring worm gear; 13, worm; 14, motor; 15, rotor shaft; 16, rotor blade; 17, sliding sleeve; 18, second pivot; 19, long sliding hole; 20, sliding column; 21, groove body; 22, rotating sleeve; 23, fixed ring; 24, driving gear; 25, gear shaft; 26, worm gear; 27, blade mounting cavity; 28, through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The following will further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0023] The present utility model aims to solve the problem of excessive energy loss in the non-braking state existing in the prior art, and provides a hydrodynamic retarder with adjustable braking torque.

[0024] Referring to Figure 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque includes a housing 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3. A working chamber 4 is provided inside the housing 1. Blades with adjustable inclination angles are installed on the stator 2 or / and the rotor 3. The blades on the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are both located inside the working chamber 4, and the blades on the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are arranged oppositely. By adjusting the inclination angle of the blades, the acting force of the rotor on the working fluid or the acting force of the working fluid on the stator can be reduced, thereby adjusting the braking torque. In a non-braking state, heat generation can also be reduced, and energy loss can be decreased.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the stator 2 includes a stator blade mounting frame 5, and the stator blade mounting frame 5 is fixed on the housing 1. In other embodiments, the stator blade mounting frame 5 and the housing 1 can also be an integral structure. A plurality of stator blades 6 are annularly arranged and installed on the stator blade mounting frame 5. The stator blades 6 are hinged on the stator blade mounting frame 5, and the stator blades 6 are connected with a stator blade inclination angle adjusting device. By using the stator blade inclination angle adjusting device, the inclination angle of the stator blades 6 can be changed, which plays a role in adjusting the braking torque.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the rotor 3 includes a rotor shaft 15, and the rotor shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the housing 1. A plurality of rotor blades 16 are annularly arranged and installed on the rotor shaft 15. The rotor blades 16 are hinged on the rotor shaft 15, and the rotor blades 16 are connected with a rotor blade inclination angle adjusting device. By using the rotor blade inclination angle adjusting device, the inclination angle of the rotor blades 16 can be changed, which plays a role in adjusting the braking torque.

[0027] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , in some embodiments of the present utility model, the stator blade inclination angle adjusting device includes a swing arm 7, a slider 8, and a ring 9. The outer end of the stator blade 6 is fixedly connected with a first pivot shaft 10 and is hinged on the blade mounting frame through the first pivot shaft 10. One end of the swing arm 7 is fixedly connected to the first pivot shaft 10, and the other end of the swing arm 7 is rotatably connected to the slider 8. The ring 9 is rotatably connected to the blade mounting frame. A chute 11 extending along its axial direction is provided on the inner wall of the ring 9, and the slider 8 is slidably installed in the chute 11. The ring 9 is connected with a first power device for driving it to rotate. By rotating the ring 9, the slider 8 can be driven to move circumferentially, thereby driving the swing arm 7 to rotate, and finally changing the inclination angle of the stator blade 6. The cooperation between the slider 8 and the chute 11 can compensate for the position difference of the slider 8 along the axial direction of the ring 9. This stator blade inclination angle adjusting device can achieve precise adjustment of the inclination angle of the stator blade 6 and realize simultaneous adjustment of the inclination angles of all stator blades 6.

[0028] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the first power device includes an annular worm wheel 12 fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the annular ring 9, and further includes a worm 13 rotatably mounted on the machine housing 1. The worm 13 meshes with the annular worm wheel 12, and a motor 14 for driving the worm 13 to rotate is mounted on the machine housing 1. The meshing of the worm 13 and the annular worm wheel 12 can accurately adjust the rotation angle of the annular ring 9, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the inclination angle of the stator blades 6. In addition, the worm 13 also has a self-locking function to keep the inclination angle of the stator blades 6 unchanged after adjustment.

[0029] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , in some embodiments of the present utility model, the rotor blade inclination angle adjustment device includes a sliding sleeve 17 sleeved on the rotor shaft 15. The inner end of the rotor blade 16 is hinged to the rotor shaft 15 through a second pivot 18. A plurality of axially extending long sliding holes 19 are provided on the sliding sleeve 17. The second pivot 18 passes through the long sliding holes 19. A sliding column 20 is connected to the inner end of the rotor blade 16. The sliding column 20 is spaced from the second pivot 18. A circumferentially extending groove 21 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft 15. The sliding column 20 is inserted into the groove 21. The sliding sleeve 17 is connected with a second driving device for driving its axial sliding. The axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 17 can drive the sliding column 20 to move axially along the rotor shaft 15, so that the rotor blade 16 rotates around the second pivot 18, and finally changes the inclination angle of the rotor blade 16. The cooperation of the sliding column 20 and the groove 21 can compensate for the position difference of the sliding column 20 in the circumferential direction of the sliding sleeve 17. This rotor blade inclination angle adjustment device can achieve precise adjustment of the inclination angle of the rotor blade 16 and realize simultaneous adjustment of the inclination angles of all rotor blades 16.

[0030] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , in some embodiments of the present utility model, the second driving device includes a rotating sleeve 22 rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve 17. The rotating sleeve 22 is provided with an external thread. A fixed ring 23 is mounted on the machine housing 1. The fixed ring 23 is provided with an internal thread. The external thread on the rotating sleeve 22 meshes with the internal thread on the fixed ring 23. The outer peripheral surface of the rotating sleeve 22 is provided with teeth. A driving gear 24 driven by power is rotatably mounted on the machine housing 1. The teeth of the driving gear 24 mesh with the teeth on the rotating sleeve 22. The length of the teeth on the rotating sleeve 22 is greater than the length of the teeth on the driving gear 24. By using the thread fit of the rotating sleeve 22 and the fixed ring 23, when the rotating sleeve 22 rotates, the rotating sleeve 22 moves axially, thereby pushing the sliding sleeve 17 to move axially, achieving precise adjustment of the inclination angle of the rotor blade 16. At the same time, the thread has a self-locking function to keep the inclination angle of the rotor blade 16 unchanged.

[0031] Refer toFigure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , in order to drive the drive gear 24, a gear shaft 25 is rotatably installed on the housing 1. The drive gear 24 is fixedly connected to one end of the gear shaft 25, and a bevel gear 26 is fixedly connected to the other end of the gear shaft 25. A motor 14 is installed on the housing 1, and a bevel gear 26 is connected to the power output shaft of the motor 14. The bevel gear 26 on the gear shaft 25 meshes with the bevel gear 26 on the power output shaft of the motor 14. The cooperation of the two bevel gears 26 can change the transmission direction, which is convenient for the installation of the motor 14.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 , other improvements are also made in the present utility model. The stator vane mounting bracket 5 is in a disc shape, and a vane mounting cavity 27 is provided on one side of the stator vane mounting bracket 5. The stator vanes 6 are accommodated in the vane mounting cavity 27. The stator vane mounting bracket 5 has the dual functions of connecting the housing 1 and mounting the stator vanes 6, and can also prevent the working fluid from flowing backward to the other side of the stator vanes 6, improving the retardation effect during braking.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 , a through hole 28 is provided in the middle of the stator vane mounting bracket 5, and the rotor shaft 15 passes through the through hole 28. Both ends of the rotor shaft 15 are rotatably connected to the housing 1. After adopting this structure, the vanes on the stator and the rotor are closer, and the retardation effect during braking is better. At the same time, the operation of the rotor shaft 15 is also relatively stable.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0035] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque, comprising a housing (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3), wherein a working chamber (4) is provided in the housing (1), and characterized in that The stator (2) and / or the rotor (3) are provided with blades with adjustable inclination angles. The blades on the stator (2) and the rotor (3) are both located in the working chamber (4). The blades on the stator (2) and the rotor (3) are arranged relative to each other.

2. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The stator (2) comprises a stator blade mounting frame (5), the stator blade mounting frame (5) being fixed on the casing (1), or the stator blade mounting frame (5) and the casing (1) being an integral structure, a plurality of stator blades (6) being mounted in a ring arrangement on the stator blade mounting frame (5), the stator blades (6) being hinged on the stator blade mounting frame (5), and the stator blades (6) being connected to a stator blade inclination angle adjustment device.

3. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The stator blade inclination angle adjustment device comprises a swing arm (7), a slider (8), and a ring (9); the outer end of the stator blade (6) is fixedly connected to a first pivot (10) and is hinged to a blade mounting frame via the first pivot (10); one end of the swing arm (7) is fixedly connected to the first pivot (10); the other end of the swing arm (7) is rotatably connected to the slider (8); the ring (9) is rotatably connected to the blade mounting frame; a slide groove (11) extending along the axial direction of the ring (9) is provided on the inner wall of the ring (9); the slider (8) is slidably mounted in the slide groove (11); and the ring (9) is connected to a first power device for driving the ring (9) to rotate.

4. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The first power device comprises a ring-shaped worm wheel (12) fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the ring (9), and also comprises a worm (13) rotatably mounted on the casing (1), the worm (13) meshing with the ring-shaped worm wheel (12), and a motor (14) for driving the worm (13) to rotate is mounted on the casing (1).

5. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor (3) comprises a rotor shaft (15), the rotor shaft (15) being rotatably connected to the casing (1), a plurality of rotor blades (16) being annularly mounted on the rotor shaft (15), the rotor blades (16) being hinged to the rotor shaft (15), and the rotor blades (16) being connected to a rotor blade inclination angle adjustment device.

6. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The rotor blade pitch angle adjustment device comprises a sliding sleeve (17) sleeved on a rotor shaft (15); the inner end of the rotor blade (16) is hinged on the rotor shaft (15) via a second pivot (18); a plurality of axially extending long sliding holes (19) are arranged around the sliding sleeve (17); the second pivot (18) passes through the long sliding holes (19); the inner end of the rotor blade (16) is connected to a sliding column (20); the sliding column (20) and the second pivot (18) are spaced apart; a circumferentially extending groove (21) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor shaft (15); the sliding column (20) is inserted into the groove (21); and the sliding sleeve (17) is connected to a second driving device for driving the sliding sleeve (17) to slide axially.

7. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The second driving device comprises a rotating sleeve (22) rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve (17), the rotating sleeve (22) being provided with an external thread, a fixing ring (23) being mounted on the housing (1), the fixing ring (23) being provided with an internal thread, the external thread on the rotating sleeve (22) being meshed with the internal thread on the fixing ring (23), gear teeth being provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating sleeve (22), a driving gear (24) driven by power being rotatably mounted on the housing (1), the gear teeth of the driving gear (24) being meshed with the gear teeth on the rotating sleeve (22), and the gear teeth on the rotating sleeve (22) being longer than the gear teeth of the driving gear (24).

8. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A gear shaft (25) is rotatably mounted on the housing (1); the driving gear (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the gear shaft (25); a bevel gear (26) is fixedly connected to the other end of the gear shaft (25); an electric motor (14) is mounted on the housing (1); a bevel gear (26) is connected to a power output shaft of the electric motor (14); and the bevel gear (26) on the gear shaft (25) meshes with the bevel gear (26) on the power output shaft of the electric motor (14).

9. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The stator blade mounting frame (5) is in the shape of a circular disc, and a blade mounting cavity (27) is provided on one side of the stator blade mounting frame (5), and the stator blade (6) is accommodated in the blade mounting cavity (27).

10. The hydraulic retarder with adjustable braking torque according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: A through hole (28) is provided in the middle of the stator blade mounting frame (5), and the rotor (3) comprises a rotor shaft (15), the rotor shaft (15) passes through the through hole (28), and both ends of the rotor shaft (15) are rotatably connected to the casing (1).

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