Self-adaptive composite sealing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-adaptive composite sealing device which comprises a rotary cylinder, a material box and a sealing cavity, the sealing cavity is arranged between the rotary cylinder and the material box in a surrounding mode, partition plates are arranged in the sealing cavity and divide the sealing cavity into a plurality of cavity bodies, the partition plates are not in contact with the rotary cylinder, one cavity body is arranged to be a gas cavity body, and the other cavity body is arranged to be a gas cavity body. The gas chamber is connected with a gas inlet pipe, packing and heat insulation cotton are arranged in the chamber, the packing wraps the peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder and forms a sealing face with the rotary cylinder, the heat insulation cotton is arranged in the chamber close to one side of the material box and wrapped by a steel wire mesh, a tensioning steel wire rope penetrates through the whole periphery of the packing, and the other end of the tensioning steel wire rope penetrates through a pulley. The other end of the tensioning steel wire rope is connected with a heavy hammer; through a dynamic pressing structure and a composite sealing mode, the sealing reliability is improved, the working condition requirements of continuous high-temperature operation, multiple times of starting and stopping and the like are met, and stable and efficient operation of the carbonization process is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rotary kiln sealing, in particular to an adaptive composite sealing device. Background Art

[0002] Sludge carbonization technology is one of the key technical means for harmless and resourceful treatment of sludge in recent years. By heating and carbonizing sludge in an anaerobic or anoxic environment, it can not only effectively reduce the volume of sludge, but also generate byproducts such as biochar for high-value utilization such as soil remediation and pollution control. Therefore, as a key equipment for implementing this process, the sealing performance of the sealing device at the inlet and outlet of the sludge carbonization rotary kiln directly affects the stability of the carbonization reaction environment, and thus affects the overall efficiency and product quality of the carbonization process.

[0003] When the carbonization kiln is running, the cylinder wall is heated to a temperature of 300~900℃, and the cylinder will inevitably expand radially, that is, the diameter becomes larger. The reality is that the cylinder diameter is often relatively large, and it is difficult to avoid cylinder roundness deviation and concentricity deviation during production, resulting in radial runout of the cylinder sealing position. In addition, carbonization is difficult to avoid multiple starts and stops. During the expansion and contraction of the cylinder, the packing follows the expansion and contraction, but under the action of high-temperature heat conduction, the packing gradually loses its expansion and contraction function. Coupled with the radial runout of the sealing position, there is a gap between the sealing packing and the cylinder, and the sealing effect becomes worse.

[0004] Patent document CN204286063U discloses a "rotary kiln seal". This technology effectively improves the sealing reliability through elastic elements, but it mainly relies on the contact between static seals and sealing rings, and still has the problem of insufficient high temperature resistance. In addition, under high temperature and long-cycle operating conditions, the sealing ring and the bellows are prone to fatigue aging, which in turn affects the sealing effect; Patent document CN211926481U discloses a "labyrinth rotary kiln seal". This device forms a positive pressure in the sealing chamber through an inflation pipe, and combines an ash baffle and a sealing block to further improve the sealing effect. However, although this structure has a good performance in preventing gas infiltration, it has not been dynamically adapted to the radial expansion and jumping of the rotary kiln cylinder in a high temperature environment, and the shrinkage and deformation during the start-up and shutdown of the kiln body, resulting in its sealing performance still being insufficient under complex working conditions.

[0005] Based on the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes an adaptive composite sealing device to solve the problem of sealing failure of the sludge carbonization rotary kiln under high temperature conditions. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the existing defects, and provide an adaptive composite sealing device, which improves the sealing reliability through a dynamic pressing structure and a composite sealing method, meets the working conditions such as continuous high-temperature operation and multiple starts and stops, and ensures the stable and efficient operation of the carbonization process, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an adaptive composite sealing device, including a rotary cylinder, a material box and a sealing chamber. The sealing chamber is arranged around the rotary cylinder and the material box. A partition board is arranged in the sealing chamber, and the partition board divides the sealing chamber into several chambers. The partition board does not contact the rotary cylinder. One of the chambers is set as a gas chamber, and the gas chamber is connected with an air inlet pipe. Packing and heat insulation cotton are arranged in the chamber. The packing is wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder to form a sealing surface with the rotary cylinder. The heat insulation cotton is arranged in the chamber close to the material box side, and the heat insulation cotton is wrapped with a wire mesh. A tension steel wire rope passes through the whole circumference of the outer periphery of the packing, and the other end of the tension steel wire rope passes through a pulley, and the other end of the tension steel wire rope is connected with a weight.

[0008] Further, the connection between the sealing chamber and the material box is selected as welding or bolt fastening.

[0009] Further, a lubricating grease cup is arranged at the position where the tension steel wire rope passes through the sealing chamber.

[0010] Further, the packing includes packing one and packing two, and the gas chamber is arranged between packing one and packing two.

[0011] Further, the heat insulation cotton is aluminosilicate fiber cotton and is fixed by being wrapped with a wire mesh.

[0012] Further, a fish scale sealing device is arranged on the other side of the sealing chamber. The fish scale sealing device includes a stainless steel elastic sheet and an inclined fixing plate. The inclined fixing plate is fixedly connected with the side surface of the sealing chamber, and the stainless steel elastic sheet is fixed on the inclined fixing plate and forms a contact seal with the circumferential surface of the rotary cylinder.

[0013] Further, an annular pipeline is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sealing chamber. The annular pipeline is communicated with the gas chamber through a short connecting pipe. The short connecting pipes are uniformly distributed along the center of the annular pipeline, and the annular pipeline is connected with the air inlet pipe.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1. The utility model realizes real-time dynamic pressing compensation for packing through a steel wire rope weight pressing mechanism; even when the rotary kiln cylinder expands radially, jumps due to high-temperature operation, or contracts and deforms during frequent start-stop processes, the packing can still always maintain a sealed fit with the rotary cylinder, avoiding sealing gap problems caused by asynchronous jumping or expansion and contraction of the rotary cylinder, and greatly improving the reliability of the sealing system.

[0016] 2. It adopts a four-layer composite sealing structure of "scale seal, packing seal, inert gas positive pressure seal, and heat insulation cotton"; the scale seal forms the first layer of protection for the cylinder surface, the packing forms the main sealing surface, the inert gas forms a positive pressure purging layer between the packing and the cylinder, effectively preventing external gas from entering the rotary kiln, ensuring a stable oxygen-free or inert gas atmosphere inside the kiln, effectively preventing oxygen penetration, guaranteeing the process requirements of the sludge carbonization process, and the heat insulation cotton effectively isolates the conduction of high temperature to the sealing packing, delaying the aging of the sealing components and extending the service life of the overall sealing system.

[0017] 3. Through the adaptive function of the dynamic pressing structure, it significantly reduces the equipment maintenance frequency caused by seal failure, reduces the shutdown maintenance time, extends the maintenance cycle, and improves the continuous operation efficiency of the sludge carbonization production line; the device has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has low later maintenance costs, significantly improving the overall economic benefits of the system. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the G-G section of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the H-H section of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the I-I section of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic enlarged structural diagram of part A of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1 intake pipe, 2 weight, 3 tension steel wire rope, 4 pulley, 5 material box, 6 rotary cylinder, 7 scale seal device, 8 sealing chamber, 9 annular pipeline, 10 short connecting pipe, 11 stainless steel elastic sheet, 12 inclined fixing plate, 13 packing, 14 packing one, 15 gas chamber, 16 packing two, 17 heat insulation cotton, 18 partition board. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model; Embodiment 1

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1-2 , the present utility model provides a technical solution: an adaptive composite sealing device, which includes a rotary cylinder 6, a material box 5 and a sealing chamber 8. The sealing chamber 8 is disposed around the rotary cylinder 6 and the material box 5. A partition 18 is provided in the sealing chamber 8. The partition 18 divides the sealing chamber 8 into several chambers. The partition 18 does not contact the rotary cylinder 6, forming a channel for gas flow to realize the circulation of inert gas. One of the chambers is set as a gas chamber 15. The gas chamber 15 is connected with an inlet pipe 1. Inert gas enters the gas chamber 15 through the inlet pipe 1 to form a positive pressure environment to realize gas sealing. A packing 13 and a heat insulation cotton 17 are provided in the chamber. The packing 13 is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder 6 to form a sealing surface with the rotary cylinder 6. The heat insulation cotton 17 is disposed in the chamber close to the material box 5. The heat insulation cotton 17 separates heat to prevent heat from being conducted from the material box 5 to the packing 13, resulting in the accelerated failure of the packing 13. The heat insulation cotton 17 is wrapped with a wire mesh to avoid the situation that the fibers fly out under the impact of air flow and the heat insulation material gradually becomes smaller. A tensioning steel wire rope 3 passes through the entire outer circumference of the packing 13. The other end of the tensioning steel wire rope 3 passes through a pulley 4, and the other end of the tensioning steel wire rope 3 is connected with a weight 2. Relying on the weight 2, the real-time pressing of the packing 13 is realized, and the real-time pressing between the packing 13 and the rotary cylinder 6 is realized.

[0026] This adaptive composite sealing device is mainly applied between the rotary cylinder 6 of the sludge carbonization rotary kiln and the material box 5 to achieve efficient sealing; the sealing chamber 8 is disposed around the rotary cylinder 6 and the material box 5 and is divided into multiple chambers by the partition 18. The partition 18 does not contact the rotary cylinder 6, ensuring the free rotation of the rotary cylinder 6 and the space for radial expansion; the gas chamber 15 is arranged in the chamber divided by the partition 18, and inert gas such as nitrogen is input through the inlet pipe 1 to form a positive pressure gas sealing environment. The inert gas flows inside the gas chamber 15, effectively preventing external gas or dust from infiltrating.

[0027] The packing 13 is made of graphite-reinforced carbon fiber material, externally impregnated with molybdenum disulfide lubricating grease, and forms a main sealing surface closely attached to the outer circumference of the rotary cylinder 6. To ensure the sealing fit, a tensioning steel wire rope 3 is evenly wound around the outer circumference of the packing 13. The steel wire rope 3 is guided to the weight 2 through the pulley 4, and the pulley 4 is installed on the feed box 5, and a continuous and stable pressing force is achieved by relying on the gravity of the weight 2. This dynamic pressing structure can adapt to the radial expansion, jumping of the rotary cylinder 6 due to high-temperature operation, and the shrinkage deformation caused by multiple starts and stops, ensuring that the packing 13 always maintains close contact with the rotary cylinder 6.

[0028] The heat insulation cotton 17 is arranged in the chamber on the side close to the feed box 5. Aluminosilicate fiber cotton is selected and fixed by being wrapped with a wire mesh. It has excellent heat insulation performance and can effectively block the high-temperature heat conducted by the feed box 5, preventing the performance of the packing 13 from decreasing due to high temperature. In addition, even if there is a slight gap between the packing 13 and the rotary cylinder 6, the inert gas in the gas chamber 15 is purged outward through the gap, further enhancing the gas sealing effect.

[0029] The connection between the sealing chamber 8 and the feed box 5 is selected by welding or bolt fastening. The sealing chamber 8 is permanently fixed to the feed box 5 by welding, enhancing the structural stability and being suitable for high-temperature and high-vibration environments. The bolt fastening structure is suitable for occasions where disassembly and maintenance are convenient, ensuring firm connection and easy maintenance.

[0030] In addition to welding and bolt fastening, quick clamps or clamp-type connections can also be used to achieve the function of quick disassembly and assembly, adapting to the requirements of different working conditions.

[0031] A lubricating grease cup is arranged at the position where the tensioning steel wire rope 3 passes through the sealing chamber 8 for sealing and lubricating the passing-out end.

[0032] The lubricating grease cup is arranged at the position where the steel wire rope 3 passes through the sealing chamber 8. By regularly injecting lubricating grease, the friction between the steel wire rope 3 and the cavity outlet is reduced, the movement smoothness is improved, and local sealing protection is achieved to prevent foreign objects from entering the chamber. At the same time, the wear of the tensioning steel wire rope 3 caused by friction is reduced, the service life of the steel wire rope is prolonged, and the integrity of the sealing system and the stability of operation are ensured.

[0033] The lubricating grease cup can be replaced with an automatic oiling device or a sealed bearing structure to achieve the integration of lubrication and sealing.

[0034] The packing 13 includes packing one 14 and packing two 16. The gas chamber 15 is arranged between packing one 14 and packing two 16. The inert gas is blown into the feed box 5 through the gap between the packing 13 and the rotary cylinder 6 or is blown out to the atmospheric environment through the fish scale seal device 7 again to achieve gas sealing. At least two packings 13 are provided. The packing 13 is a graphite-reinforced carbon fiber packing and is impregnated with molybdenum disulfide lubricating grease.

[0035] The double packing structure improves the sealing redundancy. An independent gas chamber 15 is formed between packing one 14 and packing two 16. Inert gas is introduced to form a positive pressure isolation between the double packings, further preventing the leakage of gases inside the kiln or the infiltration of external gases. The packing can be increased to three or more to strengthen the sealing effect. The gas chamber 15 can also be set as multiple series-connected gas chambers to form a multi-stage positive pressure seal.

[0036] The heat insulation cotton 17 is aluminosilicate fiber cotton and is fixed by being covered with a wire mesh.

[0037] As a heat insulation material, the aluminosilicate fiber cotton effectively blocks the high-temperature conduction on the side of the feed box 5 with its low thermal conductivity, protecting the packing 13 and other sealing materials from being damaged by high temperature. The wire mesh covering structure fixes the fiber cotton and prevents it from falling off or pulverizing under the scouring of the air flow.

[0038] The heat insulation material can be selected as nano-aerogel or high-temperature ceramic fiber felt; the wire mesh can be replaced with a stainless steel perforated plate or a composite fiber mesh.

[0039] On the other side of the sealing chamber 8, a fish-scale sealing device 7 is provided. The fish-scale sealing device 7 includes a stainless steel elastic sheet 11 and an inclined fixing plate 12. The inclined fixing plate 12 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the sealing chamber 8. The stainless steel elastic sheet 11 is fixed on the inclined fixing plate 12 and forms a contact seal with the circumferential surface of the rotary cylinder 6. The fish-scale sealing device 7 is a sealing at a position far from the feed box 5, forming a first protection at the contact surface to achieve the static and dynamic sealing between the cylinder and the feed box.

[0040] The fish-scale sealing device 7 forms an elastic fit with the rotary cylinder 6 through the stainless steel elastic sheet 11, adapts to the radial change of the rotary cylinder 6, and forms a reliable dynamic sealing barrier. The inclined fixing plate 12 maintains the installation angle of the stainless steel elastic sheet 11 to ensure the best sealing fit angle.

[0041] An annular pipeline 9 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sealing chamber 8. The annular pipeline 9 is communicated with the gas chamber 15 through a short pipe 10. The short pipes 10 are evenly distributed along the center of the annular pipeline 9. The short pipes 10 not only play the role of connection but also support the annular pipeline 9. The annular pipeline 9 is connected to the inlet pipe 1.

[0042] The annular pipeline 9 is distributed around the sealing chamber 8, and the gas is evenly sent into the gas chamber 15 through the short pipes 10 to ensure uniform pressure inside the chamber and consistent positive pressure distribution of the inert gas. The annular structure design reduces the decline of the sealing performance caused by local pressure imbalance.

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, there are various changes and improvements to the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall into the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. An adaptive composite sealing device, comprising a rotary cylinder (6), a material box (5) and a sealing chamber (8), characterized in that: A sealed chamber (8) is arranged between the rotating cylinder (6) and the material box (5), and a partition (18) is arranged in the sealed chamber (8). The partition (18) divides the sealed chamber (8) into a plurality of chambers. The partition (18) does not contact the rotating cylinder (6), and one of the chambers is arranged as a gas chamber (15). The gas chamber (15) is connected to an air inlet pipe (1). A packing (13) and a heat insulation cotton (17) are arranged in the chamber. The packing (13) is wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylinder (6) to form a sealing surface with the rotating cylinder (6). The heat insulation cotton (17) is arranged in a chamber on a side close to the material box (5). The heat insulation cotton (17) is wrapped with a wire mesh. A tensioning wire rope (3) is passed through the entire outer circumference of the packing (13). The other end of the tensioning wire rope (3) passes through a pulley (4), and the other end of the tensioning wire rope (3) is connected to a weight (2).

2. The adaptive composite sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing chamber (8) is connected to the material box (5) by welding or bolt fastening.

3. The adaptive composite sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lubricating grease cup is provided at the position where the tensioning steel wire rope (3) passes through the sealing chamber (8).

4. The adaptive composite sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing (13) comprises packing one (14) and packing two (16), and the gas chamber (15) is arranged between packing one (14) and packing two (16).

5. The adaptive composite sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulating cotton (17) is aluminum silicate fiber cotton and is wrapped and fixed by a steel wire mesh.

6. The adaptive composite sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fish scale sealing device (7) is provided on the other side of the sealing chamber (8). The fish scale sealing device (7) comprises a stainless steel elastic sheet (11) and an inclined fixing plate (12). The inclined fixing plate (12) is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing chamber (8). The stainless steel elastic sheet (11) is fixed on the inclined fixing plate (12) and forms a contact seal with the circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder (6).

7. The adaptive composite sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular pipeline (9) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sealed chamber (8); the annular pipeline (9) and the gas chamber (15) are connected via a short pipe (10); the short pipe (10) is evenly distributed along the center of the annular pipeline (9); and the annular pipeline (9) is connected to the air inlet pipe (1).

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