Battery monomer, battery device and electric equipment
By processing the exhaust passage on the adapter, the problem of non-directional pressure relief when the battery cell is thermally out of control is solved, the flue gas discharge reliability is improved and the risk of weld burst is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520444237.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-14
AI Technical Summary
There is a risk of non-directional pressure relief when existing battery cells are thermally out of control, resulting in the inability to discharge flue gas and heat in time, increasing the risk of weld burst.
The exhaust gas channels connecting both sides of the second direction are processed on the adapter sheet, so that the flue gas between the inner end cap of the auxiliary battery cell and the electrode assembly flows smoothly to the pressure relief part, reducing the risk of non-directional pressure relief.
The reliability of the flue gas passing through the pressure relief part when the battery cell is thermally out of control is improved, the negative impact of the adapter on the flue gas flow is reduced, and the risk of weld burst is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222927702U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical equipment. Background Art
[0002] In the battery device of a new energy vehicle, a pressure relief valve is usually provided on the housing of the battery cell. When the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, the flue gas and heat generated inside it usually enter the box body through the pressure relief valve in a directional manner and are discharged out of the box body orderly through a preset exhaust channel in the box body, preventing the flue gas and heat from diffusing disorderly inside the battery device.
[0003] However, currently, the risk of non-directional pressure relief still remains high when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The main purpose of this application is to propose a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical equipment, aiming to reduce the risk of non-directional pressure relief when the current battery cell undergoes thermal runaway.
[0005] In a first aspect, the battery cell proposed in this application includes:
[0006] A housing, forming a receiving cavity opening in a first direction, and an electrode assembly is arranged in the receiving cavity;
[0007] An end cap, covering the opening of the receiving cavity, and a pressure relief part and an electrode terminal are arranged on the end cap along a second direction, and the electrode terminal penetrates through the end cap along the first direction; and,
[0008] A connecting piece, arranged between the end cap and the electrode assembly, and electrically connecting the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly. An exhaust channel is formed on the connecting piece, and the exhaust channel extends along the second direction and conducts both sides of the connecting piece in the second direction;
[0009] The first direction intersects with the second direction.
[0010] In the technical solution provided by this application, by processing an exhaust channel on the connecting piece that communicates both sides in the second direction, it can effectively assist the flue gas between the end cap and the electrode assembly inside the battery cell to smoothly pass through the connecting piece and flow towards the pressure relief part. This design improves the reliability of directional pressure relief of the flue gas through the pressure relief part when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, reduces the negative impact of the existence of the connecting piece on the flue gas flow, and reduces the risk of weld cracking between the housing and the end cap, that is, reduces the risk of non-directional pressure relief when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway.
[0011] In one embodiment, the adapter piece includes two adapter portions arranged along the second direction. The two adapter portions are staggeredly distributed in the first direction and are correspondingly electrically connected to the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly.
[0012] At least one of the adapter portions is provided with the exhaust passage, and the exhaust passage penetrates through both sides of the corresponding adapter portion in the second direction.
[0013] In the above technical solution, since the two adapter portions are staggeredly distributed in the first direction, arranging the exhaust passage on any one of the adapter portions can conduct both sides of the adapter piece in the second direction, the designed length of the exhaust passage along the second direction is reduced, the structural defect of the adapter piece is reduced, and the adverse effect of the arrangement of the exhaust passage on the mechanical strength of the adapter piece is significantly reduced.
[0014] In one embodiment, the two adapter portions are respectively set as a first adapter portion and a second adapter portion. The first adapter portion is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the second adapter portion is electrically connected to the electrode terminal.
[0015] In the first direction, the second adapter portion is arranged closer to the electrode assembly than the first adapter portion.
[0016] In the above technical solution, since the second adapter portion is arranged closer to the electrode assembly than the first adapter portion, and the first adapter portion and the second adapter portion are arranged along the second direction, the tab connecting the electrode assembly and the first connecting portion is integrated into the side of the electrode terminal along the second direction, reducing the space occupied by the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly as a whole in the first direction and improving the energy density of the battery cell.
[0017] In one embodiment, the end cap has a first region and a second region distributed along the second direction. The second region is recessed into the housing compared with the first region.
[0018] Wherein, the electrode terminal is arranged in the second region, and the first adapter portion is arranged corresponding to the first region.
[0019] In the above technical solution, since the second region of the end cap is recessed into the housing compared with the first region, the second adapter portion is arranged closer to the electrode assembly than the first adapter portion. At the same time, combined with the first adapter portion being arranged corresponding to the first region and the electrode terminal being arranged in the second region, it can be determined that the extension direction of the adapter piece is adapted to the concave-convex layout of the end cap, enabling the adapter piece to utilize the gap between the end cap and the electrode assembly to a large extent. The structural layout of the adapter piece is relatively reasonable, the internal structure of the battery cell is arranged more compactly, the external volume is reduced, and the energy density is further improved.
[0020] In one embodiment, the two transfer parts include a first transfer part, the first transfer part is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the exhaust passage is disposed in the first transfer part along the second direction;
[0021] The first transfer part includes two first transfer sub-parts, and the two first transfer sub-parts are located on both sides of the exhaust passage along the third direction;
[0022] Two electrode assemblies are provided, and the two electrode assemblies are stacked along the third direction and are correspondingly electrically connected to the two first transfer sub-parts;
[0023] The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged to intersect pairwise.
[0024] In the above technical solution, the exhaust passage is located between the two first transfer sub-parts and corresponds to the contact gap between the two electrode assemblies in the first direction. The flue gas discharged from the contact gap can efficiently reach the position of the pressure relief part through the exhaust passage, which is beneficial to improving the exhaust efficiency when the battery cell is thermally out of control.
[0025] In one embodiment, at least one of the transfer parts includes two transfer sub-parts, the two transfer sub-parts are spaced apart along the third direction, and an exhaust gap is defined therebetween;
[0026] The exhaust passage includes the exhaust gap;
[0027] The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged to intersect pairwise.
[0028] In the above technical solution, the two transfer sub-parts are spaced apart along the third direction and an exhaust gap is defined for exhaust. The exhaust gap makes full use of the space of the transfer part along the first direction and can obtain a relatively high exhaust efficiency.
[0029] In one embodiment, at least one of the transfer parts is formed with an exhaust groove penetrating along the second direction;
[0030] The exhaust passage includes the exhaust groove.
[0031] In the above technical solution, by machining an exhaust groove on the transfer part, the exhaust along the second direction can be realized by using the exhaust groove. Compared with the scheme of machining exhaust holes on the transfer part, the scheme of machining the exhaust groove is obviously more operable.
[0032] In one embodiment, the width of the exhaust groove is between 1.0 mm and 3.5 mm; and / or,
[0033] The depth of the exhaust groove is between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm.
[0034] In the above technical solution, the width of the exhaust groove is set between 1.0 mm and 3.5 mm, and the depth of the exhaust groove is set between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm. Compared with the overall size of the adapter portion under normal circumstances, the width and depth dimensions of the exhaust groove are relatively moderate. On the premise of providing an obvious exhaust effect, the mechanical strength of the adapter portion can be ensured, and it is ensured that the adapter portion has a sufficient electrical connection foundation.
[0035] In one embodiment, a relief groove is formed on the inner side of the end cover;
[0036] The adapter portion is arranged to abut against the end cover. The adapter portion has an exhaust area, and the exhaust area is recessed towards the relief groove to form the exhaust groove. Among them, the relief groove extends to both sides of the exhaust groove along the second direction.
[0037] In the above technical solution, the exhaust groove is formed by the depression of the exhaust area on the adapter portion, and the adapter portion does not lose its solid structure, which ensures the mechanical performance and current-carrying capacity of the adapter portion. Moreover, a relief groove is also provided on the inner side of the end cover. On the one hand, the relief groove can provide a relief space for the exhaust area, and on the other hand, it can also play a role in fixing the adapter portion.
[0038] In one embodiment, the thickness of the exhaust area is equivalent to the thickness of its surrounding area.
[0039] In the above technical solution, it is defined that the thickness of the exhaust area is equivalent to the thickness of its surrounding area, aiming to ensure the current-carrying capacity of the adapter portion and ensure the stability and reliability of the electrical connection of the adapter portion.
[0040] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a battery device, and the battery device includes the above battery cell.
[0041] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an electrical device, and the electrical device includes the above battery device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.
[0043] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the electrical device provided by the present application is a vehicle;
[0044] Figure 2 It is an exploded structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery device provided by the present application;
[0045] Figure 3 Schematic exploded view of an embodiment of the battery cell provided for this application;
[0046] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the first embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0047] Figure 5 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the second embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0048] Figure 6 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the third embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0049] Figure 7 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0050] Figure 8 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the fifth embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0051] Figure 9 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the sixth embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0052] Figure 10 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the seventh embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0053] Figure 11 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the eighth embodiment of the intermediate connection piece;
[0054] Figure 12 is Figure 3 Schematic view of the structure of the ninth embodiment of the intermediate connection piece.
[0055] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:
[0056] 10000, vehicle;
[0057] 1000, battery device; 2000, controller; 3000, motor;
[0058] 100, battery cell; 200, housing; 210, main housing; 220, lid;
[0059] 1. Housing; 2. Electrode assembly; 21. Tab; 3. End cap; 3a. First region; 3b. Second region; 31. Pressure relief part; 32. Electrode terminal; 33. Plastic structure; 4. Adapter plate; 41. Adapter part; 41a. First adapter part; 41b. Second adapter part; 411. Adapter sub - part; 411a. First adapter sub - part; 411b. Second adapter sub - part; 412. Exhaust region; 42. Bending structure; 43. Exhaust channel; 431. Exhaust groove; 432. Exhaust gap;
[0060] X. First direction; Y. Second direction; Z. Third direction; W. Width.
[0061] The realization of the purpose of this application, functional features and advantages will be further described in combination with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners
[0062] The embodiments of the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application more clearly, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of this application.
[0063] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above - mentioned drawings are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion.
[0064] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary - secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0065] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment at every occurrence in the specification, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0066] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "a plurality of" means more than two (including two). Similarly, "a plurality of groups" means more than two groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of sheets" means more than two sheets (including two sheets).
[0067] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
[0068] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations.
[0069] In a battery device of a new energy vehicle, a pressure relief valve is usually provided on the outer shell of the battery cell. When the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, a large amount of smoke and heat will be rapidly generated by its internal chemical reaction. These smoke and heat will usually be directed into the box body of the battery device through the pressure relief valve and enter the preset exhaust passage in the box body, and finally be discharged out orderly through the exhaust passage, preventing the smoke and heat from spreading disorderly in the battery device and reducing the probability of secondary thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells triggered by high-temperature smoke or flame.
[0070] An electrode assembly is usually provided inside the battery cell. An electrode terminal and a pressure relief valve are usually provided on the end cover of the battery cell. An exhaust cavity is usually left between the electrode assembly and the end cover. The smoke generated by the chemical reaction of the electrode assembly can reach the pressure relief valve through this exhaust cavity. However, the electrode terminal generally needs to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly through an adapter plate, and the adapter plate is exactly in the above exhaust cavity, which causes an obstacle to the flow of the smoke towards the pressure relief valve. If the smoke in the battery cell cannot be discharged through the pressure relief valve in time, the relatively high internal pressure may cause the weld between the end cover and the housing to burst, resulting in a relatively high risk of non-directional pressure relief when the current battery cell undergoes thermal runaway. In some battery cells with higher energy density, the exhaust cavity is usually further compressed, and the risk of non-directional pressure relief when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway is even higher.
[0071] Analysis shows that to reduce the risk of non-directional pressure relief in a battery cell during thermal runaway, it is undoubtedly necessary to ensure the smooth flow of the flue gas in the exhaust cavity of the battery cell towards the pressure relief valve. Structural improvements can be made to the adapter plate to reduce the impact of the presence of the adapter plate on the flue gas flow.
[0072] The battery device disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used to provide electrical energy for electrical equipment. Among them, the electrical equipment can be, but is not limited to, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, etc. Among them, the spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spaceships, etc.
[0073] For the convenience of description in the following embodiments, a vehicle 10000, which is an electrical equipment in an embodiment of the present application, is taken as an example for description.
[0074] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electrical equipment provided by the present application being a vehicle. The vehicle 10000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery device 1000 is provided inside the vehicle 10000. The battery device 1000 can be arranged at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 10000. The battery device 1000 can be used for the power supply of the vehicle 10000. For example, the battery device 1000 can be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle 10000. The vehicle 10000 can also include a controller 2000 and a motor 3000. The controller 2000 is used to control the battery device 1000 to supply power to the motor 3000. For example, it is used for the working power requirements during the start, navigation, and driving of the vehicle 10000.
[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 1000 can not only be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle 10000, but also be used as the driving power supply of the vehicle 10000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 10000.
[0076] To facilitate the understanding of the battery device 1000 provided by the present application, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2Exploded structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery device provided by this application. The battery device 1000 generally includes a box body 200 and battery cells 100. An installation cavity is formed in the box body 200, and the battery cells 100 are loaded through the installation cavity. The basic structure of the box body 200 generally includes a box main body 210 and a box cover 220. The box cover 220 is arranged on the box main body 210 and jointly defines the installation cavity with the box main body 210. Generally speaking, the battery cells 100 are generally arranged in the box main body 210. After the battery device 1000 is mounted on a vehicle, the box cover 220 is generally close to the vehicle, and the box main body 210 is generally away from the vehicle; the installation cavity can be mainly formed in the box main body 210. At this time, the box main body 210 can be understood as a basin-shaped structure, and the box cover 220 is covered on the box main body 210 to cover the installation cavity; the installation cavity can also be mainly formed in the box cover 220. At this time, the box cover 220 can be understood as a cover-shaped structure, and the box cover 220 covers the box main body 210 to cover the battery cells 100 carried on the box main body 210 into the box cover 220. Of course, the structure of the box body 200 is not limited to this.
[0077] The number of battery cells 100 in the box body 200 can be one or multiple. Among them, when multiple battery cells 100 are provided, the multiple battery cells 100 can be connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that there are both series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells 100. The multiple battery cells 100 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed connection to form a battery assembly. Of course, the multiple battery cells 100 can also be in the form that the battery cells 100 are first connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed connection to form battery modules, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed connection to form a battery assembly. The battery device 1000 can also include other structures, such as a busbar component, for realizing the electrical connection between multiple battery cells 100 or multiple battery modules. Among them, each battery cell 100 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery, and can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 100 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, etc.
[0078] The structure of the battery cell 100 generally includes a housing, an electrode assembly and electrode terminals. An accommodation cavity is usually formed in the housing, and the electrode assembly is installed in the accommodation cavity and led out to the outside of the housing through the electrode terminals arranged on the housing wall to be connected to the busbar component of the battery device; according to the different structural types of the battery cell 100, the specific type of the "housing" is usually divided into a square housing and a cylindrical housing. The housing generally includes a shell and an end cover. The end cover is covered on the shell to jointly enclose the accommodation cavity with the shell. The electrode terminals are usually arranged on the end cover so that after the electrode assembly and the end cover are integrally connected, they can enter the shell into the shell. The "electrode assembly" is usually composed of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator. Among them, the lithium-ion electrode assembly mainly works by the reciprocating deintercalation and intercalation of lithium ions between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.
[0079] To address the above-mentioned technical problems, in addition to the housing, end cap, electrode assembly, and electrode terminal in the battery cell provided in the present application, a transition piece with a special structure is further included. To facilitate the understanding of the battery cell provided in the present application, the following is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Among them, Figure 3 is a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of the battery cell provided in the present application.
[0080] Please refer to Figure 3 , in an embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 100 includes a housing 1, an end cap 3, and a transition piece 4; the housing 1 forms a receiving cavity that opens in the first direction X, and an electrode assembly 2 is disposed in the receiving cavity; the end cap 3 covers the opening of the receiving cavity, and a pressure relief portion 31 and an electrode terminal 32 distributed in the second direction Y are provided on the end cap 3, and the electrode terminal 32 penetrates the end cap 3 along the first direction X; the transition piece 4 is disposed between the end cap 3 and the electrode assembly 2 and is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 32 and the electrode assembly 2. An exhaust passage 43 is formed on the transition piece 4, and the exhaust passage 43 extends along the second direction Y and conducts both sides of the transition piece 4 in the second direction Y; the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect.
[0081] It should be noted that the first direction X, the second direction Y mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, and the third direction Z mentioned in the following embodiments are relative to the battery cell 100 itself and have no necessary association with the installation direction of the battery cell 100 in the battery device 1000. Among them, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are three mutually intersecting directions, and the included angle between any two of them can be any value between 0° and 180° in principle. However, usually, it is generally considered that the included angles between the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are 90° each.
[0082] The "pressure relief portion 31" is provided on the end cap 3, and its function is that when a large amount of smoke is generated inside the housing 1 of the battery cell 100 due to reasons such as thermal runaway, overcharging, and short circuit, the pressure relief portion 31 will open when the preset pressure threshold is reached, releasing the internal pressure of the housing 1 and preventing the housing 1 from cracking or exploding due to excessive pressure. By releasing the high-temperature and high-pressure smoke in a timely and directional manner, the pressure relief portion 31 can delay the spread of thermal runaway between battery cells 100. The pressure relief portion 31 includes, but is not limited to, an explosion-proof valve, and there are many structural types, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
[0083] Since the electrode terminal 32 and the pressure relief portion 31 provided on the end cap 3 are distributed along the second direction Y, and considering that the adapter piece 4 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 32, the position of the adapter piece 4 is associated with that of the electrode terminal 32. That is to say, it can be understood that the pressure relief portion 31 is on one side of the adapter piece 4 along the second direction Y. Further, in combination with the exhaust passage 43 formed on the adapter piece 4 that can conduct both sides of the adapter piece 4 along the second direction Y, the flue gas on the other side of the transfer portion 41 can smoothly reach the position of the pressure relief portion 31 along the second direction Y and be discharged outward through the pressure relief portion 31.
[0084] There are many structural types of the "exhaust passage 43", including but not limited to the exhaust groove 431, exhaust holes or exhaust gaps 432 formed on the adapter piece 4. The existence of these structures can effectively reduce the projected area of the adapter piece 4 in the second direction Y, which helps to reduce the obstructive effect of the adapter piece 4 on the flue gas flow. In this embodiment, it is only limited that the exhaust passage 43 extends along the second direction Y and conducts both sides of the adapter piece 4 in the second direction Y, and the extension path of the exhaust passage 43 is not limited. For example, the exhaust passage 43 can extend linearly along the second direction Y, or there can be some segments in its extension path extending towards the third direction Z, that is, bending and extending along the second direction Y. In addition, multiple exhaust passages 43 can be provided on the adapter piece 4, and the multiple exhaust passages 43 can be arranged at intervals along the first direction X or the second direction Y to improve the overall exhaust efficiency of the adapter piece 4. In this embodiment, the specific structure of the adapter piece 4 is not limited. The adapter piece 4 can be extended along the first direction X or along the second direction Y. Since the adapter piece 4 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2 and the electrode terminal 32, the adapter piece 4 can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2 and the electrode terminal 32 respectively through its two sides arranged in the first direction X, or can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2 and the electrode terminal 32 respectively through its two sides arranged in the second direction Y.
[0085] In the technical solution provided by the present application, by machining an exhaust passage 43 on the adapter piece 4 that communicates with both sides in the second direction Y, it can effectively assist the flue gas between the end cap 3 and the electrode assembly 2 in the battery cell 100 to smoothly pass through the adapter piece 4 and flow towards the pressure relief portion 31. This design improves the reliability of the battery cell 100 for directional pressure relief through the pressure relief portion 31 in the event of thermal runaway, reduces the negative impact of the existence of the adapter piece 4 on the flue gas flow, and reduces the risk of weld cracking between the housing 1 and the end cap 3, that is, reduces the risk of non-directional pressure relief when the battery cell 100 undergoes thermal runaway.
[0086] In one embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the adapter piece 4 includes two adapter parts 41 arranged along the second direction Y. The two adapter parts 41 are staggeredly distributed in the first direction X and are correspondingly electrically connected to the electrode terminal 32 and the electrode assembly 2; at least one of the adapter parts 41 is provided with an exhaust passage 43, and the exhaust passage 43 penetrates both sides of the corresponding adapter part 41 in the second direction Y.
[0087] It should be noted that "the two adapter parts 41 are staggeredly distributed in the first direction X" means that the projections of the two adapter parts 41 in the first direction X are at least partially non-overlapping, that is, there is a height difference between the two adapter parts 41 in the first direction X, that is, one adapter part 41 is arranged close to the electrode assembly 2, and the other adapter part 41 is arranged far from the electrode assembly 2. The specific allocation relationship between the electrode terminal 32, the electrode assembly 2 and these two adapter parts 41 is not limited in this embodiment; due to the staggered distribution of the two adapter parts 41 in the first direction X, the exhaust passage 43 penetrates both sides of the adapter part 41 in the second direction Y, that is, penetrates both sides of the adapter piece 4 in the second direction Y, which can play an exhaust role; "at least one of the adapter parts 41 is provided with an exhaust passage 43" means that the exhaust passage 43 can be provided only on one of the adapter parts 41, or the exhaust passage 43 can be provided on both of the two adapter parts 41 respectively. It is worth mentioning that the adapter piece 4 not only needs to provide electrical connection, but also needs to have a certain deformation ability. Combining the arrangement of the two adapter parts 41 along the second direction Y, it can be understood that the two adapter parts 41 can be connected by a bending structure 42. The setting of the bending structure 42 can provide a deformation amount for the two adapter parts 41 to approach or move away from each other, so as to overcome the influence caused by the expansion and contraction of the electrode assembly 2 during charge and discharge.
[0088] In the above technical solution, due to the staggered distribution of the two adapter parts 41 in the first direction X, setting the exhaust passage 43 on any one of the adapter parts 41 can conduct both sides of the adapter piece 4 in the second direction Y, the designed length of the exhaust passage 43 along the second direction Y is reduced, the structural defect of the adapter piece 4 is reduced, and the adverse impact of the setting of the exhaust passage 43 on the mechanical strength of the adapter piece 4 is significantly reduced.
[0089] Further, in an embodiment, the two adapter parts 41 are respectively set as a first adapter part 41a and a second adapter part 41b. The first adapter part 41a is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2, and the second adapter part 41b is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 32; in the first direction X, the second adapter part 41b is arranged closer to the electrode assembly 2 than the first adapter part 41a.
[0090] It is worth mentioning that although the first adapter part 41a is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2, in terms of the distance between the structures, the second adapter part 41b is closer to the electrode assembly 2 than the first adapter part 41a in the first direction X. The reason is, please refer to Figure 3, the transfer part 41 is generally electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2 through the tab 21. The tab 21 usually extends towards the end cap 3 along the first direction X and occupies the space inside the housing 1 along the first direction X. The distance between the first transfer part 41a and the electrode assembly 2 cannot ignore the existence of the tab 21.
[0091] In the above technical solution, since the second transfer part 41b is arranged closer to the electrode assembly 2 than the first transfer part 41a, and the first transfer part 41a and the second transfer part 41b are arranged along the second direction Y, the tab 21 connecting the electrode assembly 2 and the first connection part is integrated to the side of the electrode terminal 32 along the second direction Y, reducing the overall space occupied by the electrode terminal 32 and the electrode assembly 2 in the first direction X and improving the energy density of the battery cell 100.
[0092] Furthermore, please continue to refer to Figure 3 , in an embodiment, the end cap 3 has a first region 3a and a second region 3b distributed along the second direction Y. The second region 3b is recessed towards the inside of the housing 1 compared with the first region 3a; wherein, the electrode terminal 32 is arranged in the second region 3b, and the first transfer part 41a is arranged corresponding to the first region 3a.
[0093] It should be noted that in "the second region 3b is recessed towards the inside of the housing 1 compared with the first region 3a", the recess of the second region 3b is relative to the first region 3a, and it can also be understood that the first region 3a protrudes towards the outside of the housing 1 compared with the second region 3b; the second region 3b being recessed towards the inside of the housing 1 should be understood as that there is a protrusion on the side of the second region 3b facing the electrode assembly 2 to define a cavity on the side of the first region 3a facing the electrode assembly 2. Based on the premise that the second transfer part 41b is closer to the electrode assembly 2 than the first transfer part 41a, "the first transfer part 41a is arranged corresponding to the first region 3a" can be understood as that the first transfer part 41a is in the cavity inside the first region 3a. The pressure relief part 31 can be arranged in the first region 3a or the second region 3b. The setting position of the pressure relief part 31 in this embodiment is not limited, but in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 , the pressure relief part 31 is arranged in the second region 3b of the end cap.
[0094] In the above technical solution, since the second region 3b of the end cap 3 is recessed into the housing 1 compared to the first region 3a, the second adapter portion 41b is disposed closer to the electrode assembly 2 than the first adapter portion 41a. At the same time, considering that the first adapter portion 41a corresponds to the first region 3a and the electrode terminal 32 is disposed in the second region 3b, it can be determined that the extension direction of the adapter plate 4 is adapted to the concave-convex layout of the end cap 3, enabling the adapter plate 4 to make use of the gap between the end cap 3 and the electrode assembly 2 to a large extent. The structural layout of the adapter plate 4 is relatively reasonable, the internal structure of the battery cell 100 is more compactly arranged, the external volume is reduced, and the energy density is further improved.
[0095] In another embodiment, the two adapter portions 41 include a first adapter portion 41a which is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2, and the exhaust passage 43 extends along the second direction Y in the first adapter portion 41a. The first adapter portion 41a includes two first adapter sub-portions 411a which are located on both sides of the exhaust passage 43 along the third direction Z. There are two electrode assemblies 2 which are stacked along the third direction Z and are correspondingly electrically connected to the two first adapter sub-portions 411a. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z intersect pairwise.
[0096] It should be noted that the "third direction Z" in this embodiment generally refers to the thickness direction of the battery cell 100. Arranging two electrode assemblies 2 stacked along the third direction Z inside the housing 1 can improve the utilization rate of the internal space of the housing 1. The two first adapter sub-portions 411a are located on both sides of the exhaust passage 43 along the third direction Z and are respectively electrically connected to the two electrode assemblies 2. It can be understood that the two first adapter sub-portions 411a and the two electrode assemblies 2 correspond one-to-one in the first direction X, and the contact gaps between the exhaust passage 43 and the two electrode assemblies 2 also correspond in the first direction X.
[0097] In the above technical solution, the exhaust passage 43 is located between the two first adapter sub-portions 411a and the contact gaps with the two electrode assemblies 2 correspond in the first direction X. The flue gas discharged from the contact gaps can efficiently reach the position of the pressure relief portion 31 through the exhaust passage 43, which is beneficial to improving the exhaust efficiency of the battery cell 100 during thermal runaway.
[0098] Please refer to Figures 10 to 12 , where Figure 10 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the seventh embodiment of the adapter plate 4 in the middle; Figure 11 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the eighth embodiment of the adapter plate 4 in the middle; Figure 12 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the ninth embodiment of the adapter plate 4 in the middle.
[0099] In one embodiment, at least one of the transfer portions 41 includes two transfer sub-portions 411. The two transfer sub-portions 411 are spaced apart in the third direction Z and define an exhaust gap 432 therebetween; the exhaust passage 43 includes the exhaust gap 432; the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are pairwise intersecting.
[0100] It should be noted that "at least one of the transfer portions 41 includes two transfer sub-portions 411" includes: "only one transfer portion 41 includes two transfer sub-portions 411 and defines an exhaust gap 432 therebetween" and "each transfer portion 41 is respectively composed of two transfer sub-portions 411, so an exhaust gap 432 can be defined on each transfer portion 41"; due to the setting of the exhaust gap 432, the two transfer sub-portions 411 can be understood as being completely separated in the third direction Z.
[0101] In the above technical solution, the two transfer sub-portions 411 are spaced apart in the third direction Z and define an exhaust gap 432 for exhausting. The exhaust gap 432 makes full use of the space of the transfer portion 41 along the first direction X and can obtain a high exhaust efficiency.
[0102] In some embodiments, the two transfer portions 41 are respectively set as a first transfer portion 41a and a second transfer portion 41b. The first transfer portion 41a is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2, and the second transfer portion 41b is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 32; in the first direction X, the second transfer portion 41b is arranged closer to the electrode assembly 2 than the first transfer portion 41a, and the exhaust gap 432 is at least arranged on the second transfer portion 41b.
[0103] Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 , wherein, Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the transfer sheet 4 in the figure; Figure 5 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the transfer sheet 4 in the figure; Figure 6 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the transfer sheet 4 in the figure.
[0104] In one embodiment, at least one of the transfer portions 41 is formed with an exhaust groove 431 penetrating along the second direction Y; the exhaust passage 43 includes the exhaust groove 431.
[0105] It should be noted that the exhaust groove 431 can be arranged on the end face of the transfer portion 41 close to the electrode assembly 2, or can be arranged on the end face of the transfer portion 41 close to the end cover 3. Obviously, the exhaust effect of the former setting scheme is better.
[0106] In the above technical solution, by machining an exhaust groove 431 on the adapter portion 41, the exhaust along the second direction Y can be achieved by using the exhaust groove 431. Compared with the solution of machining exhaust holes on the adapter portion 41, the solution of machining the exhaust groove 431 is obviously more operable.
[0107] Further, please refer to Figures 4 to 6 , in an embodiment, the width W of the exhaust groove 431 is between 1.0 mm and 3.5 mm.
[0108] It should be noted that the width W of the exhaust groove 431 can take any value between 1.0 mm and 3.5 mm. For example, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 3.0 mm, and 3.5 mm. The specific value of the width W of the exhaust groove 431 is not limited in this embodiment.
[0109] In the above technical solution, by setting the width W of the exhaust groove 431 between 1.0 mm and 3.5 mm, compared with the overall size of the adapter portion 41 under normal circumstances, the width dimension of the exhaust groove 431 is relatively moderate. On the premise of providing an obvious exhaust effect, the mechanical strength of the adapter portion 41 can be ensured, and it is ensured that the adapter portion 41 has a sufficient electrical connection foundation.
[0110] In another embodiment, the depth of the exhaust groove 431 is between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm.
[0111] It should be noted that the depth of the exhaust groove 431 can take any value between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm. For example, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, and 0.8 mm. The specific value of the depth of the exhaust groove 431 is not limited in this embodiment.
[0112] In the above technical solution, by setting the depth of the exhaust groove 431 between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm, compared with the thickness dimension of the adapter portion 41 under normal circumstances, the depth dimension of the exhaust groove 431 is relatively moderate. On the premise of providing an obvious exhaust effect, the mechanical strength of the adapter portion 41 can be ensured.
[0113] It should be noted that the above two parallel technical features, "the width W of the exhaust groove 431 is between 1.0 mm and 3.5 mm" and "the depth of the exhaust groove 431 is between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm", can be set alternatively or simultaneously, and the effect of setting them simultaneously is obviously better.
[0114] Please refer to Figures 7 to 9 , where Figure 7 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the fourth embodiment of the adapter piece 4; Figure 8 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the fifth embodiment of the adapter piece 4;Figure 9 for Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of the intermediate connecting piece 4.
[0115] For further information, see Figure 3 In one embodiment, a clearance groove is formed on the inner side of the end cover 3; the adapter portion 41 is arranged to abut the end cover 3, and the adapter portion 41 has an exhaust area 412, and the exhaust area 412 is recessed toward the clearance groove to form an exhaust groove 431, wherein the clearance groove extends to both sides of the exhaust groove 431 along the second direction Y.
[0116] It should be noted that the exhaust groove 431 can be directly set by cutting, but the cutting method will undoubtedly cause the adapter 41 to lose part of the physical structure, thereby weakening the mechanical properties of the adapter 41. In the present technical solution, the exhaust groove 431 is formed by the depression of the exhaust area 412 on the adapter 41. For example, the exhaust groove 431 can be processed by stamping; "the inner side of the end cover 3" refers to the side of the end cover 3 close to the electrode assembly 2; it is worth noting that the depression of the exhaust area 412 will inevitably form a convex structure on the side close to the end cover 3. Since the exhaust area 412 is depressed toward the give way groove, the convex structure can be extended into the give way groove, so as not to occupy the interval space originally between the end cover 3 and the electrode assembly 2. At the same time, since the give way groove extends to both sides of the exhaust groove 431 along the second direction Y, the two ends of the exhaust groove 431 along the second direction Y will not be blocked by the groove wall of the give way groove and cannot participate in the exhaust. It can be understood that when the adapter 41 provided with the exhaust area 412 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 32, the electrode terminal 32 can be staggered with the exhaust area 412, that is, connected to the peripheral area of the exhaust area 412, and the electrode terminal 32 can also be set corresponding to the exhaust area 412. At this time, the electrode terminal 32 may also need to form a recessed structure corresponding to the exhaust area 412 to match it.
[0117] In the above technical solution, the exhaust groove 431 is formed by the depression of the exhaust area 412 on the adapter 41. The adapter 41 does not lose the physical structure, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties and current capacity of the adapter 41. Moreover, a clearance groove is also provided on the inner side of the end cover 3. The clearance groove can provide clearance space for the exhaust area 412 on the one hand, and can also play a role in fixing the adapter 41 on the other hand.
[0118] In some embodiments, a plastic structure 33 is disposed on the inner side of the end cover 3 , and the clearance groove is disposed on the plastic structure 33 .
[0119] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the thickness of the exhaust region 412 is comparable to the thickness of its surrounding region.
[0120] It should be noted that the "peripheral area of the exhaust area 412" refers to other areas on the adapter part 41 that are adjacent to the exhaust area 412; in the statement that "the thickness of the exhaust area 412 is comparable to the thickness of its peripheral area", "comparable thickness" means equal thickness. When ensuring sufficient mechanical strength, the adapter piece 4 usually also needs to have a certain current-carrying capacity, and the current-carrying capacity refers to the ability to continuously pass the maximum current without overheating, deformation or other damages.
[0121] In the above technical solution, it is specified that the thickness of the exhaust area 412 is comparable to the thickness of its peripheral area, aiming to ensure the current-carrying capacity of the adapter part 41 and ensure the stability and reliability of the electrical connection of the adapter part 41.
[0122] This application also proposes a battery device 1000. The battery device 1000 includes battery cells 100. The specific structure of the battery cells 100 refers to the above embodiments. Since this battery device 1000 adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here one by one. Among them, the battery device 1000 includes a battery module and a battery pack.
[0123] This application also proposes an electrical device. The electrical device includes a battery device 1000. The battery device 1000 is used to provide electrical energy. The specific structure of the battery device 1000 refers to the above embodiments. Since this electrical device adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here one by one. Among them, the battery device 1000 is used to provide electrical energy for the electrical device. The electrical device includes, but is not limited to, new energy vehicles such as pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles and range-extended vehicles, and may also include aircraft such as electric drones and electric passenger aircraft.
[0124] Please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 9 and Figure 12, this application proposes a battery cell 100, which includes a housing 1, an end cap 3 and a connecting piece 4, and forms a receiving cavity opening in the first direction X. An electrode assembly 2 is arranged in the receiving cavity, and the end cap 3 covers the opening of the receiving cavity. The end cap 3 has a first region 3a and a second region 3b distributed along the second direction Y. The second region 3b is recessed inward compared with the first region 3a. An electrode terminal 32 is arranged in the first region 3a. A pressure relief portion 31 is also arranged on the end cap 3. The pressure relief portion 31 and the electrode terminal 32 are distributed along the second direction Y. The connecting piece 4 includes two connecting portions 41 arranged along the second direction Y, and the two connecting portions 41 are respectively set as a first connecting portion 41a and a second connecting portion 41b. The second connecting portion 41b is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 32. The first connecting portion 41a is arranged corresponding to the first region 3a of the end cap 3 and is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2. The second connecting portion 41b is arranged closer to the electrode assembly 2 in the first direction X than the first connecting portion 41a. The first connecting portion 41a includes two first connecting sub-portions 411a distributed along the third direction. An exhaust passage 43 is formed between the two first connecting sub-portions 411a. The second connecting portion 41b includes two second connecting sub-portions 411b distributed along the third direction. An exhaust passage 43 is also formed between the two second connecting sub-portions 411b. The exhaust passage 43 extends along the second direction Y and conducts both sides of the connecting piece 4 along the second direction Y. The exhaust passage 43 can be an exhaust groove 431, and the exhaust groove 431 can be formed by recessing toward the end cap 3 through an exhaust area 412 on the first connecting portion 41a or the second connecting portion 41b. The exhaust passage 43 can also be an exhaust gap 432.
[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A battery cell, characterized in that: include: A shell is formed with a receiving cavity opening toward a first direction, wherein an electrode assembly is arranged in the receiving cavity; an end cover, which covers the opening of the accommodating cavity, the end cover is provided with a pressure relief portion and an electrode terminal distributed along the second direction, and the electrode terminal is provided through the end cover along the first direction; and, A transfer sheet, disposed between the end cap and the electrode assembly and electrically connecting the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly, wherein an exhaust channel is formed on the transfer sheet, the exhaust channel extends along the second direction and conducts the two sides of the transfer sheet in the second direction; The first direction is arranged to intersect with the second direction.
2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter sheet includes two adapter portions arranged along the second direction, the two adapter portions are staggered in the first direction, and are electrically connected to the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly respectively; At least one of the transition parts is provided with the exhaust channel, and the exhaust channel runs through the corresponding transition part and is located on both sides of the second direction.
3. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two adapters are respectively configured as a first adapter and a second adapter, the first adapter is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the second adapter is electrically connected to the electrode terminal; In the first direction, the second transition portion is disposed closer to the electrode assembly than the first transition portion.
4. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end cover has a first area and a second area distributed along the second direction, and the second area is recessed into the shell compared to the first area; The electrode terminal is arranged in the second area, and the first transfer portion is arranged corresponding to the first area.
5. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two adapters include a first adapter, the first adapter is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the exhaust channel is extended along the second direction and arranged on the first adapter; The first transition portion includes two first transition sub-portions, and the two first transition sub-portions are located on both sides of the exhaust passage along the third direction; Two electrode assemblies are provided, the two electrode assemblies are stacked along the third direction, and are electrically connected to the two first transfer sub-portions respectively; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged to intersect each other.
6. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the transition parts includes two transition sub-parts, the two transition sub-parts are arranged at intervals in the third direction and define an exhaust gap therebetween; The exhaust passage includes the exhaust gap; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged to intersect each other.
7. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the transition parts is formed with an exhaust groove extending through the second direction; The exhaust passage includes the exhaust groove.
8. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The width of the exhaust groove is between 1.0 mm and 3.5 mm; and / or, The depth of the exhaust groove is between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm.
9. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: A clearance groove is formed on the inner side of the end cover; The transition portion is disposed against the end cover, and the transition portion has an exhaust area, and the exhaust area is recessed toward the make way groove to form the exhaust groove, wherein the make way groove extends to both sides of the exhaust groove along the second direction.
10. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the exhaust area is comparable to the thickness of the surrounding area.
11. A battery device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery device as claimed in claim 11.