Low-voltage redundant power distribution framework and automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-voltage redundant power distribution framework and an automobile, the low-voltage redundant power distribution framework comprises a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a low-voltage load power distribution circuit, a DCDC circuit and a main control circuit, the first battery pack comprises at least two battery units which are sequentially connected in series, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit is connected with the second battery pack; the DCDC circuit is respectively connected with the first battery pack, the low-voltage load distribution circuit and the sub-battery pack, and the sub-battery pack is composed of a part of battery units in the first battery pack. The main control circuit controls the low-voltage load power distribution circuit and the DC-DC circuit to control the energy transfer process among the first battery pack, the second battery pack and the sub-battery pack, and controls the low-voltage load power distribution circuit to supply power to the low-voltage load port. Therefore, a power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries is replaced, and the purpose of reducing the cost is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] Existing body low-voltage power distribution usually adopts discrete low-voltage lithium-ion battery technology, and a fuse box product is equipped based on a low-voltage battery to achieve primary power distribution for vehicle loads, and then the battery management system manages the low-voltage lithium-ion battery.

[0003] However, in the current vehicle power supply architecture, in order to ensure the safety of vehicle low-voltage power distribution, usually two sets of independent low-voltage batteries are required to achieve low-voltage power supply, which not only has the problem of large occupation of vehicle space, but also increases the vehicle cost. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture and an automobile, which can solve the problem that the current vehicle power supply architecture requires two sets of independent low-voltage batteries to achieve low-voltage power supply, increasing the vehicle cost.

[0005] In the first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture is provided, including:

[0006] A first battery pack, including at least two battery units connected in series in sequence;

[0007] A second battery pack;

[0008] A low-voltage load power distribution circuit, connected to the second battery pack;

[0009] A DCDC circuit, respectively connected to the first battery pack, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, and a sub-battery pack, where the sub-battery pack is composed of some battery units in the first battery pack;

[0010] A main control circuit, configured to control the low-voltage load power distribution circuit and the DCDC circuit to control the energy transfer process among the first battery pack, the second battery pack, and the sub-battery pack, and control the low-voltage load power distribution circuit to supply power to a low-voltage load port.

[0011] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture includes a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a low-voltage load power distribution circuit, a DCDC circuit, and a main control circuit. The first battery pack includes at least two sequentially connected battery units. The low-voltage load power distribution circuit is connected to the second battery pack. The DCDC circuit is respectively connected to the first battery pack, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, and a sub-battery pack, and the sub-battery pack is composed of some battery units in the first battery pack. The main control circuit controls the energy transfer process between the first battery pack, the second battery pack, and the sub-battery pack by controlling the low-voltage load power distribution circuit and the DCDC circuit, and controls the low-voltage load power distribution circuit to supply power to the low-voltage load port. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack in the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack, replace the power distribution scheme of 2 low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture further includes:

[0013] A battery management circuit, connected between the first battery pack and the DCDC circuit, for managing the charging and discharging of the first battery pack.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first port of the DCDC circuit is connected to the battery management circuit, the second port of the DCDC circuit is connected to the sub-battery pack, and the third port of the DCDC circuit is connected to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit.

[0015] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by connecting the first port, the second port, and the third port of the DCDC circuit to the first battery pack, the sub-battery pack, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit respectively, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit can be connected to both the first battery pack and the sub-battery pack in the first battery pack via the DCDC circuit, so as to realize the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack. Even if the high-voltage output of the entire vehicle is turned off, the main control circuit can control the energy transfer direction between the first end, the second end, and the third end of the DCDC circuit, adjust the current transfer direction between the first battery pack, the sub-battery pack, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, and provide the function of low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack in the first battery pack, and can match the current transfer direction between the first battery pack, the sub-battery pack, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit according to the power consumption requirements of the vehicle. By reusing the first battery pack and the sub-battery pack to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle, when the second battery pack fails, the output voltage of the first battery pack can also be converted into a low-voltage power supply by the DCDC circuit to supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit of the entire vehicle, playing a redundant role and ensuring the safety of the vehicle low-voltage power distribution system.

[0016] In some embodiments, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit includes:

[0017] A first bidirectional switch unit, connected between the third port of the DCDC circuit and the second battery pack, for managing the charging and discharging of the second battery pack.

[0018] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the third port of the DCDC circuit can be used to output a low-voltage power supply. The first bidirectional switch unit can be controlled by the main control circuit. By controlling the working state of the first bidirectional switch unit, it is possible to control the third port of the DCDC circuit to charge the second battery pack via the first bidirectional switch unit, or to control the second battery pack to supply power to the low-voltage load port via the first bidirectional switch unit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit further includes:

[0020] A first load switch unit, connected between the DCDC circuit and the low-voltage load port, for controlling the connection state between the DCDC circuit and the low-voltage load port.

[0021] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first load switch unit can be used to control the power output of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, and classify and control according to the functions of various loads connected to the low-voltage load port, or classify and control according to the application scenarios of different loads.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first load switch unit includes a multi-way electronic switch, and the multi-way electronic switches are respectively used to control the power supply states of multi-way electrical loads.

[0023] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the multi-way electronic switches are respectively connected to multi-way loads, and the power supply outputs of the multi-way loads are respectively controlled by the multi-way electronic switches, so that each load can be classified and controlled according to the functions of various loads connected to the low-voltage load port, or each load can be classified and controlled according to the application scenarios of different loads.

[0024] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the DCDC circuit to convert the first voltage output by the first battery pack and / or the second voltage output by the sub-battery pack into a third voltage and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit when a fault occurs in the second battery pack.

[0025] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery packs within the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack, replace the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0026] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the operating state of the DCDC circuit to charge the sub-battery packs from the first battery pack when the power of the sub-battery packs is less than a preset value.

[0027] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the DCDC circuit to start when the required power of the low-voltage load port exceeds a preset power threshold, so as to control the sub-battery packs and / or the first battery pack to supply power to the low-voltage load port.

[0028] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the DCDC circuit to start when the vehicle is in a powered-off state and the required power of the low-voltage load port is less than a preset power threshold, so as to control the sub-battery packs and / or the first battery pack to supply power to the low-voltage load port.

[0029] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the DCDC circuit to start when the vehicle is in a powered-off state and the power of the sub-battery packs is less than a preset value, so as to control the first battery pack to charge the sub-battery packs.

[0030] In some embodiments, the DCDC circuit includes: a multi-winding integrated transformer, a first voltage conversion circuit, and a second voltage conversion circuit;

[0031] The first battery pack is connected to the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer via the first voltage conversion circuit;

[0032] The sub-battery packs are connected to the second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer via the second voltage conversion circuit;

[0033] The low-voltage load power distribution circuit is connected to the third winding and the fourth winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer via the third voltage conversion circuit, and the third winding and the fourth winding are in parallel;

[0034] The main control circuit is configured to control the operating states of the first voltage conversion circuit, the second voltage conversion circuit, and the third voltage conversion circuit to control the energy transfer direction between the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding.

[0035] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the operating states of the first voltage conversion circuit, the second voltage conversion circuit, and the third voltage conversion circuit are controlled by the main control circuit. The first voltage conversion circuit is connected between the first battery pack and the first winding, the second voltage conversion circuit is connected between the sub-battery pack and the second winding, and the third voltage conversion circuit is connected between the low-voltage load power distribution circuit and the third winding and the fourth winding. This can enable the low-voltage load power distribution circuit to be connected to both the first battery pack and the sub-battery pack within the first battery pack via the multi-winding integrated transformer. By controlling the operating states of the first voltage conversion circuit, the second voltage conversion circuit, and the third voltage conversion circuit through the main control circuit, the primary and secondary settings of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding can be determined, thereby adjusting the energy transfer direction between the windings. This can not only achieve the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack, but also match the current transfer direction among the first battery pack, the sub-battery pack, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit according to the vehicle's power consumption requirements. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit can be powered by the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack within the first battery pack, thereby realizing the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack, replacing the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first voltage conversion circuit and the second voltage conversion circuit are full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuits or half-bridge rectifier-inverter circuits; and / or the third voltage conversion circuit is a half-bridge rectifier circuit.

[0037] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first voltage conversion circuit and the second voltage conversion circuit can be a full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit or a half-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit, and the third voltage conversion circuit can be a half-bridge rectifier circuit. The first voltage conversion circuit, controlled by the main control circuit, can convert the direct current output by the first battery pack into alternating current and output it to the first winding. The second voltage conversion circuit, controlled by the main control circuit, can convert the direct current output by the sub-battery pack into alternating current and output it to the second winding, or convert the alternating current induced and output by the second winding into direct current and output it to the battery pack. The third voltage conversion circuit, controlled by the main control circuit, can convert the alternating current induced and output by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit. Both the first battery pack and the sub-battery packs within the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit via the multi-winding integrated transformer. It can not only realize the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack, but also match the current transmission directions among the first battery pack, the sub-battery packs, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit according to the vehicle's power consumption requirements. And through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery packs within the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack, replace the power distribution solution of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first voltage conversion circuit includes: a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit, a fourth switch unit, and a first resonant capacitor unit;

[0039] The first ends of the first switch unit and the third switch unit are connected to the positive extreme of the first battery pack. The second end of the third switch unit and the first end of the fourth switch unit are connected to the first end of the first winding via the first resonant capacitor unit. The second end of the first switch unit and the first end of the second switch unit are connected to the second end of the first winding. The second ends of the second switch unit and the fourth switch unit are connected to the negative extreme of the first battery pack.

[0040] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit, and the fourth switch unit can form a full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit. By adjusting the switching duty ratios of the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit, and the fourth switch unit, the direct current output by the first battery pack can be converted into alternating current and output to the first winding. The second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding can all be secondary windings to receive induced current. Among them, if the voltage difference between the battery pack and other battery packs in the first battery pack exceeds the threshold voltage, the second voltage conversion circuit can convert the alternating current induced by the second winding into direct current and output it to the battery pack to balance the sub-battery pack. The third voltage conversion circuit is controlled by the main control circuit and can convert the alternating current induced by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit. Moreover, the first battery pack and the sub-battery packs in the first battery pack can both supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit via the multi-winding integrated transformer, which can not only realize the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack, but also match the current transmission directions among the first battery pack, the sub-battery packs, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit according to the vehicle's power consumption requirements. And through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery packs in the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack, replace the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first winding is connected to the first voltage conversion circuit via a first resonant inductor unit.

[0042] In some embodiments, the second voltage conversion circuit includes: a fifth switch unit, a sixth switch unit, a seventh switch unit, an eighth switch unit, and a second resonant capacitor unit;

[0043] The first end of the fifth switch unit and the first end of the seventh switch unit are connected to the positive extreme of the sub-battery pack. The second end of the fifth switch unit and the first end of the sixth switch unit are connected to the first end of the second winding via the second resonant capacitor unit. The second end of the seventh switch unit and the first end of the eighth switch unit are connected to the second end of the second winding. The second end of the sixth switch unit and the second end of the eighth switch unit are connected to the negative extreme of the sub-battery pack.

[0044] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the fifth switch unit, the sixth switch unit, the seventh switch unit, and the eighth switch unit can form a full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit. By adjusting the duty cycles of the fifth switch unit, the sixth switch unit, the seventh switch unit, and the eighth switch unit, the direct current output by the sub-battery pack can be converted into alternating current and output to the second winding, or the direct current can be generated by the induced current of the second winding to charge the sub-battery pack. The third winding and the fourth winding can both be secondary windings to receive induced current. The third voltage conversion circuit is controlled by the main control circuit and can convert the alternating current induced and output by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit. Moreover, when the vehicle does not output high voltage, the first voltage conversion circuit does not work, and the second voltage conversion circuit can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit through the multi-winding integrated transformer with the direct current output by the sub-battery pack, so as to provide the function of low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle through the energy inside the first battery pack. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack inside the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack, replace the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second winding is connected to the second voltage conversion circuit via a second resonant inductor unit.

[0046] In some embodiments, the third voltage conversion circuit includes a ninth switch unit and a tenth switch unit;

[0047] The first end of the ninth switch unit is connected to the first end of the third winding, the first end of the tenth switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth winding, the second ends of the ninth switch unit and the tenth switch unit are connected to the negative extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, and the second ends of the third winding and the fourth winding are connected to the positive extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit.

[0048] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the ninth switching unit and the tenth switching unit can form a half-bridge rectifier circuit. By adjusting the duty cycles of the fifth switching unit, the sixth switching unit, the seventh switching unit, and the eighth switching unit, the direct current output by the sub-battery pack can be converted into alternating current and output to the second winding, or the direct current can be generated by the induced current of the second winding to charge the sub-battery pack. The third winding and the fourth winding can both be secondary windings to receive the induced current. The ninth switching unit and the tenth switching unit are controlled by the main control circuit to convert the alternating current induced and output by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit. Moreover, when the vehicle does not output high voltage, the first voltage conversion circuit does not work, and the second voltage conversion circuit can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit with the direct current output by the sub-battery pack via the multi-winding integrated transformer. Thus, the function of low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle can be provided by the energy inside the first battery pack. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack inside the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit. Thus, the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle can be realized by reusing the first battery pack, replacing the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0049] In some embodiments, a BUCK circuit is further provided between the positive terminal of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit and the third voltage conversion circuit.

[0050] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an automobile, including the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0051] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture includes a DCDC circuit, a first battery pack, a low-voltage load power distribution circuit, and a main control circuit. Among them, the first battery pack includes at least two battery units connected in series in sequence. The first battery pack is connected to the first end of the DCDC circuit. The second end of the DCDC circuit is connected to both ends of the battery pack. The sub-battery pack includes some battery units in the first battery pack. The low-voltage load power distribution circuit is connected to the third end of the DCDC circuit. The main control circuit controls the energy transfer direction among the first end, the second end, and the third end of the DCDC circuit. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack inside the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit. Thus, the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle can be realized by reusing the first battery pack 100, replacing the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0052] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to understand the technical means of this application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following specific embodiments of this application are specifically given. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of this application. Moreover, in all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the driving waveform of the DCDC circuit operating in the variable frequency control mode provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the driving waveform of the DCDC circuit operating in the phase shift control mode provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the seventh structure of the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture provided by the embodiment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0063] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application more clearly and therefore are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of this application.

[0064] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0065] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0066] Referring to "embodiments" herein means that specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase "second connection port" at various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0067] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple frames" refers to two or more (including two).

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of this application.

[0070] In related technologies, discrete low-voltage lithium-ion battery technology is usually adopted for vehicle body low-voltage power distribution. For example, a fuse box is configured based on a lithium-ion battery to distribute power to low-voltage loads in the vehicle. Devices such as relays and fuses are usually used as driving devices and protection devices in the fuse box. However, in current vehicle power supply, two sets of independent batteries are usually adopted to provide high-voltage and low-voltage power supply respectively, which not only has the problem of large occupation of vehicle space, but also requires regular maintenance and replacement of the low-voltage battery, increasing the vehicle cost.

[0071] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture. Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture in this embodiment includes: a DCDC circuit 200, a first battery pack 100, a second battery pack 120, a low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and a main control circuit 400. The first battery pack 100 includes at least two sequentially connected battery units. The first battery pack 100 is connected to the first end of the DCDC circuit 200. The second end of the DCDC circuit 200 is connected to a sub-battery pack 110, and the sub-battery pack 110 includes some battery units in the first battery pack 100. The low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 is connected to the third end of the DCDC circuit 200. The main control circuit 400 is connected to the DCDC circuit 200, and the main control circuit 400 is used to control the energy transfer direction between the first end, the second end, and the third end of the DCDC circuit 200.

[0072] In this embodiment, the third terminal of the DCDC circuit 200 can be connected to the positive electrode of the second battery pack 120 via the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. Both the DCDC circuit 200 and the second battery pack 120 can output low-voltage power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. The energy transfer direction among the first, second, and third terminals of the DCDC circuit 200 can be controlled by the main control circuit 400. By connecting the first, second, and third terminals of the DCDC circuit 200 to the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 respectively, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be connected to both the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 via the DCDC circuit 200, realizing the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack 100. Even if the high-voltage output of the whole vehicle is turned off, the main control circuit 400 can control the energy transfer direction among the first, second, and third terminals of the DCDC circuit 200 to adjust the current transfer direction among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, so that the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 provides low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle, and the current transfer direction among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be matched according to the power consumption requirements of the vehicle. Through the solution in this embodiment, low-voltage redundant power supply is provided for the vehicle. In the case of a failure of the second battery pack 120, the first battery pack 100 or the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, thereby realizing low-voltage power distribution for the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replacing the power distribution solution of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 100 can be a power battery pack or a vehicle low-voltage battery.

[0074] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture in this embodiment further includes a battery management circuit 500. The battery management circuit 500 is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the DCDC circuit 200, and the battery management circuit 500 is used to manage the charging and discharging of the first battery pack 100.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first port of the DCDC circuit 200 is connected to the battery management circuit 500, the second port of the DCDC circuit 200 is connected to the sub-battery pack 110, and the third port of the DCDC circuit 200 is connected to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, by connecting the first port, the second port, and the third port of the DCDC circuit 200 to the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 respectively, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be connected to both the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 via the DCDC circuit 200, realizing the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack 100. Even if the high-voltage output of the entire vehicle is turned off, or the second battery pack 120 fails, the main control circuit 400 can control the energy transfer direction between the first end, the second end, and the third end of the DCDC circuit 200, adjust the current transfer direction between the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and provide the function of low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack 100 or the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100. Moreover, the current transfer direction between the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be matched according to the power consumption requirements of the vehicle. By reusing the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery pack 110 to achieve low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle, when the second battery pack 120 fails, the output voltage of the first battery pack 100 can also be converted into a low-voltage power supply via the DCDC circuit 200 to supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit of the entire vehicle, playing a redundant role and ensuring the safety of the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution system.

[0077] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 as described above, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit includes a first bidirectional switch unit 310. The first bidirectional switch unit 310 is connected between the third port of the DCDC circuit 200 and the second battery pack 120, and the first bidirectional switch unit 310 is used to manage the charging and discharging of the second battery pack 120.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, the third port of the DCDC circuit 200 can be used to output a low-voltage power supply. The first bidirectional switch unit 310 can be controlled by the main control circuit 400. By controlling the current flow direction of the first bidirectional switch unit 310, it is possible to control the third port of the DCDC circuit 200 to charge the second battery pack 120 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310, or to control the second battery pack 120 to supply power to the low-voltage load port 130 via the first bidirectional switch unit 310.

[0079] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 as shown, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit further includes a first load switch unit 320. The first load switch unit 320 is connected between the DCDC circuit 200 and the low-voltage load port 130, and the first load switch unit 320 is used to control the connection state between the DCDC circuit 200 and the low-voltage load port 130.

[0080] In the embodiments of the present application, the first load switch unit 320 can be used to control the power output of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and classify and control according to the functions of various loads connected to the low-voltage load port 130, or classify and control according to the application scenarios of different loads. For example, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack 120, the low-voltage power supply output by the DCDC circuit 200 is preferentially supplied to functional loads such as the vehicle head unit controller, vehicle start, vehicle steering, and vehicle braking.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first load switch unit 320 includes a multi-way electronic switch, and the multi-way electronic switches are respectively used to control the power supply states of multi-way electrical loads.

[0082] In the embodiments of the present application, the multi-way electronic switches are respectively connected to multi-way loads, and the power supply outputs of the multi-way loads are respectively controlled by the multi-way electronic switches, so that each load can be classified and controlled according to the functions of various loads connected to the low-voltage load port, or each load can be classified and controlled according to the application scenarios of different loads.

[0083] In some specific application embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution part can be provided with multi-way electronic switches respectively connected to multi-way loads. The multi-way loads can be classified into category 1, category 2, and category 3 according to load characteristics. Among them, category 1 includes functional loads related to vehicle startup, such as the power management system, vehicle head unit controller, domain controller, etc.; category 2 includes comfort-related functional loads such as fans and air conditioners; category 3 includes loads related to driving safety, such as steering and braking. When the vehicle starts, only the loads in category 1 are started. After the DCDC circuit 200 works normally, the loads in category 2 and category 3 are then turned on. In this way, the power demand for the second battery pack 120 (such as a 12V small battery) can be reduced.

[0084] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the DCDC circuit 200 to convert the first voltage output by the first battery pack 100 into a third voltage and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit in the case of a failure of the second battery pack 120. In some application embodiments, the first voltage can be 400V or 800V, and the third voltage can be 12V or 24V.

[0085] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the DCDC circuit 200 to convert the second voltage output by the sub-battery pack 110 into a third voltage and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 in the case of a failure of the second battery pack 120. In some application embodiments, the second voltage can be 12V, 24V, 36V or 48V.

[0086] In the embodiments of the present application, through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack 100 or the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replace the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0087] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the operating state of the DCDC circuit 200 to charge the sub-battery pack 110 from the first battery pack 100 when the power of the sub-battery pack 110 is less than a preset value.

[0088] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the DCDC circuit 200 to start when the required power of the low-voltage load port 130 exceeds a preset power threshold, so as to control the sub-battery pack 110 to supply power to the low-voltage load port 130.

[0089] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the DCDC circuit 200 to start when the required power of the low-voltage load port 130 exceeds a preset power threshold, so as to control the first battery pack 100 to supply power to the low-voltage load port 130.

[0090] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the DCDC circuit 200 to start when the vehicle is in a powered-off state and the required power of the low-voltage load port 130 is less than a preset power threshold, so as to control the sub-battery pack 110 to supply power to the low-voltage load port 130.

[0091] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the DCDC circuit 200 to start when the vehicle is in a powered-off state and the required power of the low-voltage load port 130 is less than a preset power threshold, so as to control the first battery pack 100 to supply power to the low-voltage load port 130.

[0092] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the DCDC circuit 200 to start when the vehicle is in a powered-off state and the power of the sub-battery pack 110 is less than a preset value, so as to control the first battery pack 100 to charge the sub-battery pack 110.

[0093] In this embodiment, the whole vehicle is in a powered-off state. When the power of the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 is low, the high voltage of the whole vehicle is triggered, the DCDC circuit 200 starts, the first port of the DCDC circuit 200 is used as the input, and the second port and the third port output. The second port charges the sub-battery pack 110. At the same time, the main control circuit 400 starts the balancing strategy to synchronously charge the battery cells within the sub-battery pack 110, and finally approaches other battery cells.

[0094] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 as shown, the DCDC circuit 200 includes a multi-winding integrated transformer T0 and at least three voltage conversion circuits. The multiple windings of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are respectively connected to the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 through at least three voltage conversion circuits. The operating states of the at least three voltage conversion circuits are controlled by the main control circuit 400 to adjust the energy transfer direction among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300.

[0095] In this embodiment, the multiple windings of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are respectively connected to the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 through at least three voltage conversion circuits, and the conversion direction of the voltage conversion circuit can be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to realize the setting of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the multiple windings of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. Thus, the energy transfer direction among the multiple windings is determined, so that the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be connected to both the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 through one of the windings, realizing the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the whole vehicle by the first battery pack 100. On the other hand, by connecting the multiple windings of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 to the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 respectively through at least three voltage conversion circuits, two independent DCDC converters can be integrated together, reducing the number of components, lowering the cost, and also reducing the volume. Moreover, by adjusting the energy transfer direction among the multiple windings of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0, the current transfer direction among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of flexibly matching the vehicle's power consumption requirements. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack within the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, thereby realizing the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replacing the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0096] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5As shown, the DCDC circuit 200 includes a multi-winding integrated transformer T0, a first voltage conversion circuit 210, a second voltage conversion circuit 220, and a third voltage conversion circuit 230. The first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 (the coil between node P1 and node P2) serves as the first end of the DCDC circuit 200 and is connected to the first battery pack 100 via the first voltage conversion circuit 210. The second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 (the coil between node P3 and node P4) serves as the second end of the DCDC circuit 200 and is connected to the sub-battery pack 110 via the second voltage conversion circuit 220. The third winding (the coil between node P5 and node P6) and the fourth winding (the coil between node P6 and node P7) of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 serve as the third end of the DCDC circuit 200 and are connected to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the third voltage conversion circuit 230. The third winding and the fourth winding are in parallel, and the same-named end of the third winding is connected to the different-named end of the fourth winding.

[0097] In this embodiment, the operating states of the first voltage conversion circuit 210, the second voltage conversion circuit 220, and the third voltage conversion circuit 230 are controlled by the main control circuit 400. The first voltage conversion circuit 210 is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the first winding. The second voltage conversion circuit 220 is connected between the sub-battery pack 110 and the second winding. The third voltage conversion circuit 230 is connected between the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 and the third winding and the fourth winding, which enables the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 to be connected to both the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 via the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. By controlling the operating states of the first voltage conversion circuit 210, the second voltage conversion circuit 220, and the third voltage conversion circuit 230 through the main control circuit 400, the primary and secondary settings of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding can be determined, thereby adjusting the energy transfer direction between the windings. This can not only achieve the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack 100, but also match the current transfer directions among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 according to the vehicle's power consumption requirements. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of this application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack within the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, thereby realizing the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replacing the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0098] In some embodiments, a three-port DCDC converter composed of a first voltage conversion circuit 210, a second voltage conversion circuit 220, a third voltage conversion circuit 230, and a multi-winding integrated transformer T0 can implement a vehicle power distribution solution without a low-voltage battery, and can eliminate the pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistor in the vehicle power supply architecture, achieving the effect of reducing the cost of the vehicle power supply architecture.

[0099] In this embodiment, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 is connected to the third winding and the fourth winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 via the third voltage conversion circuit 230. It can not only make the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 connected to the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery pack 110 in the first battery pack 100 via the multi-winding integrated transformer T0, but also achieve a state switching time at the level of 100 microseconds (μs) based on a four-winding transformer, and its switching rate is much higher than the 10-microsecond (μs) level switching time of the relay.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first voltage conversion circuit 210 can be a full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit.

[0101] In some embodiments, the second voltage conversion circuit 220 can be a full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit.

[0102] In this embodiment, the first voltage conversion circuit 210 and the second voltage conversion circuit 220 can be full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuits. The first voltage conversion circuit 210, controlled by the main control circuit 400, can convert the direct current output by the first battery pack 100 into alternating current and output it to the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. At this time, the first winding can be used as the primary winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. The first voltage conversion circuit 210 can also be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to convert the alternating current output by the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 into direct current and output it to both ends of the first battery pack 100. At this time, the first winding can be used as the secondary winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. The second voltage conversion circuit 220, controlled by the main control circuit 400, can convert the direct current output by the sub-battery pack 110 into alternating current and output it to the second winding. At this time, the second winding can be used as the primary winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0, or can be controlled by the main control circuit 400 to convert the alternating current inductively output by the second winding into direct current and output it to the sub-battery pack 110. At this time, the second winding can be used as the secondary winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first voltage conversion circuit 210 can be a half-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit.

[0104] In some embodiments, the second voltage conversion circuit 220 can be a half-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit.

[0105] In some embodiments, the third voltage conversion circuit 230 is a half-bridge rectifier circuit.

[0106] In this embodiment, by setting the third voltage conversion circuit 230 as a half-bridge rectifier circuit, the conversion efficiency of the output currents of the third winding and the fourth winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 can be improved, and it is more suitable for low-voltage and high-current application scenarios. In this embodiment, the third voltage conversion circuit 230 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 and can convert the alternating current induced and output by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. Both the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery packs 110 in the first battery pack 100 can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. It can not only realize the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the whole vehicle by the first battery pack 100, but also match the current transmission directions among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery packs 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 according to the vehicle's power consumption requirements. And through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery packs in the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replace the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0107] In some embodiments, there may be no need to set a resonant inductor between the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 and the first voltage conversion circuit 210. By controlling the working mode of the third voltage conversion circuit 230, the third winding and the fourth winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are connected in series, so as to generate leakage inductance in the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0, thereby replacing the resonant inductor between the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 and the first voltage conversion circuit 210.

[0108] In some embodiments, there may be no need to set a resonant inductor between the second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 and the second voltage conversion circuit 220. By controlling the working mode of the third voltage conversion circuit 230, the third winding and the fourth winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are connected in series, so as to generate leakage inductance in the second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0, thereby replacing the resonant inductor between the second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 and the second voltage conversion circuit 220.

[0109] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 as shown, the first winding is connected to the first voltage conversion circuit 210 via the first resonant inductor unit L1.

[0110] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 as shown, the second winding is connected to the second voltage conversion circuit 220 via the second resonant inductor unit L2.

[0111] In this embodiment, both ends of the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the first battery pack 100 via the first voltage conversion circuit 210, and both ends of the second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the sub-battery pack 110 via the second voltage conversion circuit 220. The third and fourth windings of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are connected to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the third voltage conversion circuit 230. When the first battery pack 100 in the vehicle outputs a high voltage, the third and fourth windings of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 output low-voltage alternating current, and corresponding direct current is obtained via the third voltage conversion circuit 230 to supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300.

[0112] In some embodiments, both ends of the second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the sub-battery pack 110 via the second voltage conversion circuit 220. The second voltage conversion circuit 220 is a relatively small power module, and its power can be in the hundreds of watts. Before the high voltage output by the first battery pack 100 is powered on, it can not only supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 of the vehicle, but also perform pre-charging processing for the closing of the main positive relay K1 of the first battery pack 100.

[0113] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 As shown, a filter capacitor C4 is also connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the first battery pack 100. The filter capacitor C4 can be used to filter the high voltage output by the first battery pack 100.

[0114] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 As shown, a filter capacitor C5 is also connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the sub-battery pack 110. The filter capacitor C5 can be used to filter the low voltage output by the sub-battery pack 110.

[0115] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 As shown, a thirteenth switch unit Q13 is also provided between the positive electrode of the sub-battery pack 110 and the second voltage conversion circuit 220. The thirteenth switch unit Q13 is used to manage the charging and discharging of the sub-battery pack 110.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first resonant inductor unit L1 includes at least one inductor.

[0117] In some embodiments, the second resonant inductor unit L2 includes at least one inductor.

[0118] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6As shown, the first voltage conversion circuit 210 includes: a first switch unit Q1, a second switch unit Q2, a third switch unit Q3, a fourth switch unit Q4, and a first resonant capacitor unit C1; the first ends of the first switch unit Q1 and the third switch unit Q3 are connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 100, the second end of the third switch unit Q3 and the first end of the fourth switch unit Q4 are connected to the first end of the first winding via the first resonant capacitor unit C1, the second end of the first switch unit Q1 and the first end of the second switch unit Q2 are connected to the second end of the first winding, and the second ends of the second switch unit Q2 and the fourth switch unit Q4 are connected to the negative terminal of the first battery pack 100. In this embodiment, the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3, and the fourth switch unit Q4 can form a full-bridge rectifier inverter circuit. By adjusting the duty cycles of the switches of the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3, and the fourth switch unit Q4, the direct current output by the first battery pack 100 can be converted into alternating current and output to the first winding. The second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding can all be secondary windings to receive induced current. Among them, if the voltage difference between the sub-battery pack 110 and other sub-battery packs 110 in the first battery pack 100 exceeds the threshold voltage, the second voltage conversion circuit 220 can convert the alternating current induced by the second winding into direct current and output it to the sub-battery pack 110 to equalize the sub-battery pack 110. The third voltage conversion circuit 230 controlled by the main control circuit 400 can convert the alternating current induced by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. Moreover, the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery packs 110 in the first battery pack 100 can both supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. It can not only realize the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the whole vehicle by the first battery pack 100, but also match the current transmission directions among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery packs 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 according to the vehicle's power consumption requirements. And through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery packs in the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replace the power distribution scheme of 2 low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3, and the fourth switch unit Q4 can be MOSFETs or IGBTs.

[0120] In some embodiments, the first resonant capacitor unit C1 includes at least one capacitor.

[0121] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6As shown in the figure, the second voltage conversion circuit 220 includes: a fifth switch unit Q5, a sixth switch unit Q6, a seventh switch unit Q7, an eighth switch unit Q8, and a second resonant capacitor unit C2; the first ends of the fifth switch unit Q5 and the seventh switch unit Q7 are connected to the positive electrode end of the battery unit, the second end of the fifth switch unit Q5 and the first end of the sixth switch unit Q6 are connected to the first end of the second winding via the second resonant capacitor unit C2, the second end of the seventh switch unit Q7 and the first end of the eighth switch unit Q8 are connected to the second end of the second winding, and the second ends of the sixth switch unit Q6 and the eighth switch unit Q8 are connected to the negative electrode end of the battery unit. In this embodiment, the fifth switch unit Q5, the sixth switch unit Q6, the seventh switch unit Q7, and the eighth switch unit Q8 can form a full-bridge rectifier inverter circuit. By adjusting the duty cycles of the fifth switch unit Q5, the sixth switch unit Q6, the seventh switch unit Q7, and the eighth switch unit Q8, the direct current output by the sub-battery pack 110 can be converted into alternating current and output to the second winding, or direct current can be generated by the induced current of the second winding to charge the sub-battery pack 110. The third winding and the fourth winding can both be secondary windings to receive the induced current. The third voltage conversion circuit 230, controlled by the main control circuit 400, can convert the alternating current induced and output by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. Moreover, when the vehicle does not output high voltage, the first voltage conversion circuit 210 does not work. The second voltage conversion circuit 220 can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 with the direct current output by the sub-battery pack 110, thereby providing the function of low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle through the energy inside the first battery pack 100. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack inside the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, thereby realizing the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replacing the power distribution scheme of 2 low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0122] In some embodiments, the fifth switch unit Q5, the sixth switch unit Q6, the seventh switch unit Q7, and the eighth switch unit Q8 can be MOSFETs or IGBTs.

[0123] In some embodiments, the second resonant capacitor unit C2 includes at least one capacitor.

[0124] In some embodiments, when the vehicle is not powered by high voltage, the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3, and the fourth switch unit Q4 can be set to the off state. At this time, the drive waveforms of the fifth switch unit Q5 and the sixth switch unit Q6 are complementary, and the drive waveforms of the seventh switch unit Q7 and the eighth switch unit Q8 are complementary. The phase angles of the drive waveforms of the fifth switch unit Q5 and the eighth switch unit Q8 differ by 180 degrees. In this way, the low-voltage direct current output by the sub-battery pack 110 can be supplied to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the second voltage conversion circuit 220 and the multi-winding integrated transformer T0.

[0125] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 As shown, the third voltage conversion circuit 230 includes a ninth switch unit Q9 and a tenth switch unit Q10; the first end of the ninth switch unit Q9 is connected to the first end of the third winding, and the first end of the tenth switch unit Q10 is connected to the first end of the fourth winding. The second ends of the ninth switch unit Q9 and the tenth switch unit Q10 are connected to the negative extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and the second ends of the third winding and the fourth winding are connected to the positive extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300.

[0126] In this embodiment, the ninth switch unit Q9 and the tenth switch unit Q10 can form a half-bridge rectifier circuit. By adjusting the duty cycles of the fifth switch unit Q5, the sixth switch unit Q6, the seventh switch unit Q7, and the eighth switch unit Q8, the direct current output by the sub-battery pack 110 can be converted into alternating current and output to the second winding, or the direct current can be generated by the induced current of the second winding to charge the sub-battery pack 110. The third winding and the fourth winding can both be secondary windings to receive the induced current. The ninth switch unit Q9 and the tenth switch unit Q10 are controlled by the main control circuit 400 to convert the alternating current induced and output by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. Moreover, when the vehicle does not output high-voltage electricity, the first voltage conversion circuit 210 does not work, and the second voltage conversion circuit 220 can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 with the direct current output by the sub-battery pack 110. Thus, the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle can be realized through the energy inside the first battery pack 100. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack inside the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, thereby realizing the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replacing the power distribution scheme of 2 low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0127] In some embodiments, the ninth switch unit Q9 and the tenth switch unit Q10 can be MOSFETs or IGBTs.

[0128] In some embodiments, the driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1 and the second switching unit Q2 are complementary, and the driving waveforms of the third switching unit Q3 and the fourth switching unit Q4 are complementary; the phase angles of the driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1 and the fourth switching unit Q4 differ by 180 degrees.

[0129] In this embodiment, the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 can form a full-bridge rectifier-inverter circuit. By setting the driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1 and the second switching unit Q2 to be complementary, and the driving waveforms of the third switching unit Q3 and the fourth switching unit Q4 to be complementary, and by adjusting the switching duty ratios of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4, the direct current output by the first battery pack 100 can be converted into alternating current and output to the first winding. The second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding can all be secondary windings to receive induced current. Among them, if the voltage difference between the sub-battery pack 110 and other sub-battery packs 110 in the first battery pack 100 exceeds the threshold voltage, the second voltage conversion circuit 220 can convert the alternating current induced by the second winding into direct current and output it to the sub-battery pack 110 to equalize the sub-battery pack 110. The third voltage conversion circuit 230 is controlled by the main control circuit 400 and can convert the alternating current induced by the third winding and the fourth winding into direct current and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. Moreover, both the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery packs 110 in the first battery pack 100 can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 via the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. It can not only realize the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack 100, but also match the current transmission directions among the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery packs 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 according to the vehicle's power consumption requirements. And through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery packs in the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replace the power distribution scheme of 2 low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0130] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 As shown, a BUCK circuit 410 is further provided between the positive terminal of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 and the third voltage conversion circuit 230.

[0131] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6As shown, the BUCK circuit 410 includes: the eleventh switching unit Q11, the twelfth switching unit Q12, the first voltage stabilizing unit D1, and the third inductor unit L3; the first end of the twelfth switching unit Q12 is connected to the first end of the fourth winding via the tenth switching unit Q10, and the second end of the twelfth switching unit Q12 is connected to the second end of the fourth winding via the eleventh switching unit Q11. The cathode of the first voltage stabilizing unit D1 and the first end of the third inductor unit L3 are commonly connected to the second end of the twelfth switching unit Q12, and the anode of the first voltage stabilizing unit D1 and the first end of the twelfth switching unit Q12 are commonly connected to the negative extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. The second end of the third inductor unit L3 is connected to the positive extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300.

[0132] In some embodiments, the eleventh switching unit Q11 and the twelfth switching unit Q12 can be MOSFETs or IGBTs.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first voltage stabilizing unit D1 includes at least one voltage stabilizing diode. The cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the first end of the third inductor unit L3, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the first end of the twelfth switching unit Q12.

[0134] In some embodiments, the third inductor unit L3 includes at least one inductor.

[0135] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 As shown, the BUCK circuit 410 further includes a third capacitor unit C3. The first end of the third capacitor unit C3 is connected to the positive extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and the second end of the third capacitor unit C3 is connected to the negative extreme of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300.

[0136] In this embodiment, the BUCK circuit 410 is composed of the twelfth switching unit Q12, the first voltage stabilizing unit D1, the third inductor unit L3, and the third capacitor unit C3. When the current output to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 is low, the twelfth switching unit Q12 remains off. When the output current increases to the threshold current, the twelfth switching unit Q12 turns on. When the current output to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 is large, the twelfth switching unit Q12 turns on, achieving synchronous rectification. When the current output to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 is small, the twelfth switching unit Q12 turns off, which can prevent current backflow, and the voltage output to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be achieved by adjusting the duty cycle of the eleventh switching unit Q11.

[0137] In some embodiments, the third capacitor unit C3 includes at least one capacitor.

[0138] When both the first battery pack 100 and the sub - battery pack 110 output electrical energy, before the vehicle is powered on, the sub - battery pack 110 can pre - charge the filter capacitor C4 at both ends of the first battery pack 100. At this time, the requirements for the voltage and current of each winding of the multi - winding integrated transformer T0 are relatively high. The output current of the sub - battery pack 110 can be controlled in a closed - loop manner, and a low - voltage constant - voltage output can be achieved through the BUCK circuit 410.

[0139] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 can detect the output voltage and output current of the first battery pack 100 and the sub - battery pack 110, and adjust the switching frequency or duty cycle of each switching unit according to the detection results, so as to meet the working requirements of the first battery pack 100, the sub - battery pack 110, and the low - voltage load power distribution circuit 300. When the first battery pack 100 transfers energy to the sub - battery pack 110 and the low - voltage load power distribution circuit 300, or when the sub - battery pack 110 transfers energy to the first battery pack 100 and the low - voltage load power distribution circuit 300, a control strategy combining variable - frequency control, phase - shift control, or variable - frequency control and phase - shift control is used to control the switching frequency or duty cycle of each switching unit to adjust the energy conversion efficiency. For example, when the load connected to the low - voltage load power distribution circuit 300 increases, the duty cycles of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 can be reduced. When the load connected to the low - voltage load power distribution circuit 300 decreases, the duty cycles of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 can be reduced. When the main control circuit 400 detects that the current in the primary winding of the multi - winding integrated transformer T0 is greater than the preset threshold current, it indicates that the load connected to the low - voltage load power distribution circuit 300 may be overloaded or short - circuited. At this time, the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 can be controlled to turn off to achieve overload protection and avoid potential safety hazards to the vehicle.

[0140] In some embodiments, the variable - frequency control is the LLC resonance control method. By adjusting the switching frequency of each switching unit, the output impedance can be changed, so as to control the current and voltage output by the voltage conversion circuit. For example, in the LLC resonance control method, the drive waveforms of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 in the first voltage conversion circuit 210 are as Figure 7 shown, Vb represents the voltage V between node S12 and node S22 S11-S12 , V P6Represents the voltage of node P6. Among them, the duty cycles of the driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 are close to 50%. The driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1 and the second switching unit Q2 are complementary, the driving waveforms of the third switching unit Q3 and the fourth switching unit Q4 are complementary, the first switching unit Q1 and the fourth switching unit Q4 are turned on or off simultaneously, the second switching unit Q2 and the third switching unit Q3 are turned on or off simultaneously, and the phase angles of the driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1 and the fourth switching unit Q4 differ by 180 degrees.

[0141] In some embodiments, when the DCDC circuit 200 operates in the first operating mode, the first switching unit Q1, the fourth switching unit Q4, the ninth switching unit Q9, and the twelfth switching unit Q12 are turned off, and the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, the tenth switching unit Q10, and the eleventh switching unit Q11 are turned on.

[0142] In this embodiment, the first switching unit Q1, the fourth switching unit Q4, the ninth switching unit Q9, and the twelfth switching unit Q12 are turned off, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, the tenth switching unit Q10, and the eleventh switching unit Q11 are turned on, the voltages of nodes S11 and S12 are Vb, the output voltage V of the third winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 P5-P6 is at a high level, and the output voltage V of the fourth winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 P6-P7 is at a high level. Since the ninth switching unit Q9 is turned off, there is no output from the secondary coil P5 - P6 of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. The tenth switching unit Q10 is turned on, and a high-level output is generated from the secondary coil P6 - P7 of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0, which is output after being filtered by the third inductor unit L3 and the third capacitor unit C3.

[0143] In some embodiments, when the DCDC circuit 200 operates in the second operating mode, the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 are turned off, and the first switching unit Q1 and the fourth switching unit Q4 are turned on when the voltage difference across the first winding is greater than the first threshold voltage. The eleventh switching unit Q11 is turned off, and the twelfth switching unit Q12 is turned on.

[0144] In this embodiment, the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 are turned off, and the first resonant inductor unit L1 conducts freewheeling, generating a voltage in the direction from node P1 to node P2. When the voltage V S11-S12When it is greater than -Vb, the current flows through the parasitic body diodes of the first switching unit Q1 and the fourth switching unit Q4 to the first battery pack 100. At this time, the first switching unit Q1 and the fourth switching unit Q4 are turned on, realizing soft switching. At the same time, the eleventh switching unit Q11 is turned off, and the twelfth switching unit Q12 is turned on, and the third inductor unit L3 continues to flow and outputs to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300.

[0145] In some embodiments, when the DCDC circuit 200 operates in the third operating mode, the first switching unit Q1, the fourth switching unit Q4, the ninth switching unit Q9, and the eleventh switching unit Q11 are turned on, and the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, the tenth switching unit Q10, and the twelfth switching unit Q12 are turned off.

[0146] In this embodiment, when the first switching unit Q1, the fourth switching unit Q4, the ninth switching unit Q9, and the eleventh switching unit Q11 are turned on, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, the tenth switching unit Q10, and the twelfth switching unit Q12 are turned off, and V S11-S12 The voltage is -Vb, and the output voltage V of the secondary coil P6 - P5 of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 P6-P5 Is at a high level, and the output voltage V of the secondary coil P6 - P7 of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 P7-P6 Is at a high level. Since the tenth switching unit Q10 is turned off, there is no output from the secondary coil P6 - P7 of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0. The ninth switching unit Q9 is turned on, and the output voltage of the secondary coil P5 - P6 of the multi-winding integrated transformer T0 is at a high level and is output after being filtered by the third inductor unit L3 and the third capacitor unit C3.

[0147] In some embodiments, when the first voltage conversion circuit 210 operates in the phase-shift control mode (ZVS operating mode), by adjusting the phase angles of the two arms of the first voltage conversion circuit 210, the current and voltage output by the voltage conversion circuit can be controlled. In the ZVS operating mode, the driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 in the first voltage conversion circuit 210 are as Figure 8 Shown, Vb represents the voltage V between node S12 and node S22 S11-S12 , V P6V represents the voltage of node P6, TD represents a switching period of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4, Ton represents the time when the switching unit is turned on, and the phase angle of the bridge arm is Ton / TD*2π. Among them, the duty cycles of the driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, and the fourth switching unit Q4 are close to 50%. The driving waveforms of the first switching unit Q1 and the second switching unit Q2 are complementary, and the driving waveforms of the third switching unit Q3 and the fourth switching unit Q4 are complementary. By adjusting the phase angle difference between the first switching unit Q1 and the fourth switching unit Q4, the output voltages and output currents of the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding can be adjusted.

[0148] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 9 As shown, the battery management circuit 500 may include a main positive relay K1 and a main negative relay K2. When the main positive relay K1 and the main negative relay K2 are closed, the first battery pack 100 outputs high voltage, and the sub-battery pack 110 inside the first battery pack 100 has no charging requirement. The thirteenth switching unit Q13 is turned off, and the whole vehicle is powered by the first battery pack 100 in the charging, driving, and parking states. The high voltage output by the first battery pack 100 is subjected to voltage conversion in sequence through the first voltage conversion circuit 210, the multi-winding transformer, and the third voltage conversion circuit 230 to provide a low voltage power supply for the low voltage load distribution circuit 300.

[0149] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 9 As shown, the DCDC circuit 200 includes a first DCDC module 240 and a second DCDC module 250. The first DCDC module 240 is connected between the first battery pack 100 and the low voltage load distribution circuit 300, and the first DCDC module 240 is used to implement voltage conversion between the first battery pack 100 and the low voltage load distribution circuit 300; the second DCDC module 250 is connected between the sub-battery pack 110 and the low voltage load distribution circuit 300, and the second DCDC module 250 is used to implement isolation between the sub-battery pack 110 and the low voltage load distribution circuit 300, and both the first DCDC module 240 and the second DCDC module 250 are connected to the power input end of the low voltage load distribution circuit 300.

[0150] In this embodiment, the first DCDC module 240 can convert the high-voltage power output by the first battery pack 100 into a low-voltage power supply and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. The second DCDC module 250 can isolate the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 and convert the output voltage of the sub-battery pack 110 into a low-voltage output and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. In this way, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be connected to the first battery pack 100 and the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 via the first DCDC module 240 and the second DCDC module 250 respectively, realizing the function of providing low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the first battery pack 100. Even if the high-voltage output of the entire vehicle is turned off, the main control circuit 400 can control the second DCDC module 250 to provide low-voltage power distribution for the entire vehicle by the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100, and the current transmission direction between the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be matched according to the power consumption requirements of the vehicle. Through the solution in this embodiment, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack 120, the first battery pack 100 or the sub-battery pack 110 within the first battery pack 100 can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replace the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0151] In some embodiments, the first DCDC module 240 and the second DCDC module 250 can be bidirectional voltage conversion circuits. In this way, the main control circuit 400 can control the working states of the first DCDC module 240 and the second DCDC module 250, so as to match the current transmission direction between the first battery pack 100, the sub-battery pack 110, and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 according to the power consumption requirements of the vehicle. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack within the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replace the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieve the purpose of cost reduction.

[0152] In some embodiments, the second DCDC module 250 can convert the voltage of the sub-battery pack 110 into a low-voltage power supply and output it to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and can also receive the voltage input by the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 and convert it into an adapted charging voltage to charge the sub-battery pack 110.

[0153] In some embodiments, the voltage output by the first DCDC module 240 to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 is the same as the output voltage of the sub-battery pack 110.

[0154] In some embodiments, the voltages of the low-voltage power supplies output by the first DCDC module 240 and the second DCDC module 250 to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 can be 12V or 24V.

[0155] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 9 As shown, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 includes a first bidirectional switch unit 310. The first bidirectional switch unit 310 is connected between the power input end of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 and the second battery pack 120. The first bidirectional switch unit 310 is used to control the energy transfer direction between the power input end of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 and the second battery pack 120.

[0156] In this embodiment, the first bidirectional switch unit 310 can control the current output by the first DCDC module 240 or the second DCDC module 250 to flow to the second battery pack 120, and can also control the current output by the second battery pack 120 to flow to the power input end of the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300. For example, when the power of the second battery pack 120 is low, by controlling the working state of the first bidirectional switch unit 310, the high-voltage power output by the first battery pack 100 can be used to charge the second battery pack 120 successively via the first DCDC module 240 and the first bidirectional switch unit 310.

[0157] In some embodiments, the first bidirectional switch unit 310 can include two opposing MOSFETs. By controlling the switching states of the two opposing MOSFETs, the energy transfer direction between the first DCDC module 240 and the second DCDC module 250 can be controlled.

[0158] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 9 As shown, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 includes a first load switch unit 320. The first load switch unit 320 is connected between the first DCDC module 240 and the low-voltage load port 130.

[0159] In this embodiment, the low-voltage load port 130 can include multiple power supply terminals. For example, the low-voltage load port 130 includes a first power consumption terminal and a second power consumption terminal. The first power consumption terminal can be connected to loads of the comfort type inside the vehicle, such as in-vehicle air conditioners, seat heaters, etc. The second power consumption terminal can be connected to power consumption loads of the safety control type inside the vehicle, such as vehicle head unit controllers, lights, steering, brakes, etc.

[0160] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 9 As shown, the first bidirectional switch unit 310 includes a first electronic switch T1 and a second electronic switch T2, and the first electronic switch T1 and the second electronic switch T2 are arranged oppositely.

[0161] In some embodiments, the first load switch unit 320 may include a multi-way electronic switch. Refer to Figure 9 As shown, the first load switch unit 320 may include a third electronic switch T3, a fourth electronic switch T4, and a fifth electronic switch T5. The third electronic switch T3, the fourth electronic switch T4, and the fifth electronic switch T5 are connected in parallel, and one end of them is commonly connected to the first DCDC module 240, and the other ends are respectively connected to the first load, the second load, and the third load accessing the low-voltage load port 130.

[0162] When the vehicle is starting up, the first electronic switch T1 and the second electronic switch T2 are turned on to preferentially supply power to the controllers of the vehicle internal driving safety category, then the main positive relay and the main negative relay in the power management circuit are closed to start the DCDC circuit 200, and then all the electronic switches in the first load switch unit 320 are closed, and the vehicle is powered on successfully.

[0163] In some embodiments, both the first electronic switch T1 and the second electronic switch T2 are MOSFETs, and the sources of the first electronic switch T1 and the second electronic switch T2 are commonly connected, or their drains are commonly connected.

[0164] In some embodiments, after the vehicle is powered on with high voltage, the first DCDC module 240 works normally, but the second DCDC module 250 is in a standby state. In the DCDC circuit 200, the first DCDC module 240 mainly provides low-voltage power for all the low-voltage loads accessing the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300.

[0165] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the first DCDC module 240 to convert the first voltage output by the first battery pack 100 into a low-voltage power supply and charge the sub-battery pack 110 via the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 and the second DCDC module 250 when the power of the sub-battery pack 110 is less than the first preset power.

[0166] In this embodiment, after the vehicle is powered on with high voltage and starts to work normally, the first DCDC module 240 outputs a low-voltage power supply to supply power to the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300. At the same time, the second DCDC module 250 takes the low-voltage power supply output by the first DCDC module 240 as an input to charge the sub-battery pack 110 in the first battery pack 100. The battery management system requests voltage and current from the second DCDC module 250 according to the voltage of the battery cells in the first battery pack 100 to achieve charging and balancing of the sub-battery pack 110 in the first battery pack 100.

[0167] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the second DCDC module 250 to be in a standby state when the first DCDC module 240 converts the first voltage output by the first battery pack 100 into a low-voltage power supply, and to control the second DCDC module 250 to convert the second voltage provided by the sub-battery pack 110 into a low-voltage power supply to supply power to the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 when the required power of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 exceeds a preset power threshold.

[0168] In this embodiment, after the vehicle is powered on with high voltage, the first DCDC module 240 operates normally, but the second DCDC module 250 is in a standby state. The first DCDC module 240 mainly provides low-voltage power for all low-voltage loads. When the vehicle is running, the instantaneous power of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 exceeds the rated power of the first DCDC module 240, and the output voltage of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 drops. For example, when the output voltage of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 is lower than the first threshold voltage, the second DCDC module 250 is triggered to start, and the second DCDC module 250 provides the remaining power.

[0169] In some embodiments, if the rated voltage of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 is 12V, the first threshold voltage can be 12V - 0.3V = 11.7V.

[0170] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the second DCDC module 250 to be in a standby state when the first DCDC module 240 converts the first voltage output by the first battery pack 100 into a low-voltage power supply, and to control the second DCDC module 250 to convert the low-voltage power supply provided by the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 into a second voltage to charge the sub-battery pack 110 when the required power of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 is less than a preset power threshold.

[0171] In this embodiment, after the vehicle is powered on with high voltage, the first DCDC module 240 operates normally, but the second DCDC module 250 is in a standby state. The first DCDC module 240 mainly provides low-voltage power for all low-voltage loads in the vehicle. When the vehicle is running, when the instantaneous voltage of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 is higher than the second threshold voltage, the second DCDC module 250 is triggered to start. The second DCDC module 250 adjusts to take the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 as the input and the sub-battery pack 110 in the first battery pack 100 as the output, so as to absorb the instantaneous overvoltage of the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300, protect the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300, and achieve the purpose of charging the sub-battery pack 110.

[0172] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the second DCDC module 250 to be in a standby state when the first DCDC module 240 converts the first voltage output by the first battery pack 100 into a low-voltage power supply, and control the second DCDC module 250 to convert the second voltage provided by the sub-battery pack 110 into a low-voltage power supply to supply power to the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 when the first DCDC module 240 fails.

[0173] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 400 is further configured to control the second DCDC module 250 to be in a standby state when the first DCDC module 240 converts the first voltage output by the first battery pack 100 into a low-voltage power supply, and control the second DCDC module 250 to convert the second voltage provided by the sub-battery pack 110 into a low-voltage power supply to supply power to the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 when the battery management circuit 500 fails.

[0174] In some embodiments, when the vehicle is driving normally and the first DCDC module 240, the high-voltage circuit (such as relays, high-voltage connectors, non-stop-start batteries, etc.) fails, the second DCDC module 250 can be quickly started and connected to the low-voltage load circuit, and intelligent power distribution is performed through the low-voltage load distribution circuit 300 to supply power only to the vehicle safety loads, such as braking, steering, warning lights, etc., to ensure the safety of basic steering and pulling over operations for users.

[0175] In some embodiments, the output voltage range of the sub-battery pack 110 is 12V - 72V.

[0176] In some embodiments, the sub-battery pack 110 includes a 12-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0177] In some embodiments, the sub-battery pack 110 includes a 24-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0178] In some embodiments, the sub-battery pack 110 includes a 48-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0179] In some embodiments, the sub-battery pack 110 includes a 72V lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0180] In this embodiment, the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to new energy vehicles, where the output voltage of the sub-battery pack 110 in the first battery pack 100 does not exceed 72V.

[0181] The embodiments of the present application further provide a vehicle management system, and the vehicle management system includes the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture in any of the above embodiments.

[0182] The embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture in any one of the above embodiments.

[0183] In this embodiment, by integrating the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of any one of the above embodiments in the vehicle, the second battery pack 120, the DCDC circuit 200, the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and the main control circuit 400 can be integrated into one structural member, and the DCDC circuit 200 and the low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 share the same controller, optimizing the electrical architecture of the vehicle management system, simplifying the relevant components of the whole vehicle, and greatly reducing the cost of the whole vehicle.

[0184] In this embodiment, the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture includes a DCDC circuit 200, a first battery pack 100, a low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300, and a main control circuit 400. Among them, the first battery pack 100 includes at least two sequentially connected battery units. The first battery pack 100 is connected to the first end of the DCDC circuit 200. The second end of the DCDC circuit 200 is connected to both ends of the sub-battery pack 110, and the sub-battery pack 110 includes some battery units in the first battery pack 100. The low-voltage load power distribution circuit 300 is connected to the third end of the DCDC circuit 200. The main control circuit 400 controls the energy transfer direction between the first end, the second end, and the third end of the DCDC circuit 200. Through the low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture of the present application, in the case of a failure of the second battery pack, the first battery pack or the sub-battery pack in the first battery pack can supply power to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit, so as to realize the low-voltage power distribution of the vehicle by reusing the first battery pack 100, replacing the power distribution scheme of two low-voltage small batteries, and achieving the purpose of cost reduction.

[0185] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the above-mentioned division of each functional unit and module is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. Each functional unit and module in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. In addition, the specific names of each functional unit and module are only for the convenience of mutual distinction and do not limit the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the above system can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0186] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed or recorded in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0187] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0188] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0189] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0190] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low voltage redundant power distribution architecture, characterized in that: include: A first battery pack includes at least two battery cells connected in series; A second battery pack; a low-voltage load power distribution circuit connected to the second battery pack; A DCDC circuit is respectively connected to the first battery pack, the low-voltage load distribution circuit and a sub-battery pack, wherein the sub-battery pack is composed of some battery cells in the first battery pack; The main control circuit is used to control the low-voltage load power distribution circuit and the DCDC circuit to control the energy transfer process between the first battery group, the second battery group and the sub-battery group, and control the low-voltage load power distribution circuit to supply power to the low-voltage load port.

2. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture further includes: The battery management circuit is connected between the first battery pack and the DCDC circuit, and is used to manage the charging and discharging of the first battery pack.

3. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first port of the DCDC circuit is connected to the battery management circuit, the second port of the DCDC circuit is connected to the sub-battery group, and the third port of the DCDC circuit is connected to the low-voltage load power distribution circuit.

4. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low voltage load power distribution circuit comprises: The first bidirectional switch unit is connected between the third port of the DCDC circuit and the second battery pack, and is used to manage the charging and discharging of the second battery pack.

5. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The low voltage load power distribution circuit also includes: The first load switch unit is connected between the DCDC circuit and the low-voltage load port, and is used to control the connection state between the DCDC circuit and the low-voltage load port.

6. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first load switch unit includes a plurality of electronic switches, and the plurality of electronic switches are respectively used to control the power supply status of the plurality of power loads.

7. The low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main control circuit is also used to control the DCDC circuit to convert the first voltage output by the first battery pack and / or the second voltage output by the sub-battery pack into a third voltage and output it to the low-voltage load distribution circuit when the second battery pack fails.

8. The low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main control circuit is also used for controlling the working state of the DCDC circuit so that the first battery pack replenishes power to the sub-battery pack when the power of the sub-battery pack is less than a preset value.

9. The low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main control circuit is further configured to control the DCDC circuit to start when the required power of the low-voltage load port exceeds a preset power threshold, so as to control the sub-battery pack and / or the first battery pack to supply power to the low-voltage load port.

10. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main control circuit is also used to control the DCDC circuit to start when the vehicle is in a power-off state and the required power of the low-voltage load port is less than a preset power threshold, so as to control the sub-battery pack and / or the first battery pack to supply power to the low-voltage load port.

11. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main control circuit is also used to control the DCDC circuit to start when the vehicle is in a power-off state and the power of the sub-battery group is less than a preset value, so as to control the first battery group to supplement the power of the sub-battery group.

12. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The DCDC circuit comprises: a multi-winding integrated transformer, a first voltage conversion circuit, a second voltage conversion circuit, and a third voltage conversion circuit; The first battery pack is connected to the first winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer via the first voltage conversion circuit; The sub-battery group is connected to the second winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer via the second voltage conversion circuit; The low-voltage load power distribution circuit is connected to the third winding and the fourth winding of the multi-winding integrated transformer via the third voltage conversion circuit, and the third winding and the fourth winding are connected in parallel; The main control circuit is used to control the working states of the first voltage conversion circuit, the second voltage conversion circuit, and the third voltage conversion circuit to control the direction of energy transfer between the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding.

13. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first voltage conversion circuit and the second voltage conversion circuit are full-bridge rectifier inverter circuits or half-bridge inverter circuits; and / or the third voltage conversion circuit is a half-bridge rectifier circuit.

14. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first voltage conversion circuit includes: a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit, a fourth switch unit, and a first resonant capacitor unit; The first ends of the first switch unit and the third switch unit are connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack, the second end of the third switch unit and the first end of the fourth switch unit are connected to the first end of the first winding via the first resonant capacitor unit, the second end of the first switch unit and the first end of the second switch unit are connected to the second end of the first winding, and the second ends of the second switch unit and the fourth switch unit are connected to the negative terminal of the first battery pack.

15. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first winding is connected to the first voltage conversion circuit via a first resonant inductor unit.

16. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 12, characterized in that: The second voltage conversion circuit includes: a fifth switch unit, a sixth switch unit, a seventh switch unit, an eighth switch unit, and a second resonant capacitor unit; The first end of the fifth switch unit and the first end of the seventh switch unit are connected to the positive terminal of the sub-battery group, the second end of the fifth switch unit and the first end of the sixth switch unit are connected to the first end of the second winding via the second resonant capacitor unit, the second end of the seventh switch unit and the first end of the eighth switch unit are connected to the second end of the second winding, and the second end of the sixth switch unit and the second end of the eighth switch unit are connected to the negative terminal of the sub-battery group.

17. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 12, characterized in that: The second winding is connected to the second voltage conversion circuit via a second resonant inductor unit.

18. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 12, characterized in that: The third voltage conversion circuit includes a ninth switch unit and a tenth switch unit; The first end of the ninth switch unit is connected to the first end of the third winding, the first end of the tenth switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth winding, the second end of the ninth switch unit and the second end of the tenth switch unit are connected to the negative terminal of the low-voltage load port, and the second end of the third winding and the second end of the fourth winding are connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage load port.

19. The low voltage redundant power distribution architecture according to claim 18, characterized in that: A BUCK circuit is also provided between the positive terminal of the low-voltage load port and the third voltage conversion circuit.

20. An automobile, characterized in that: The automobile comprises a low-voltage redundant power distribution architecture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19.

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