Mobile charging device suitable for electric agricultural machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mobile charging device suitable for an electric agricultural machine, which comprises a semi-trailer body, an energy storage carriage, a photovoltaic power generation and heat collection device, a solar photovoltaic panel, a storage battery pack, a heat collection device, a water electrolysis hydrogen production pool, a hydrogen storage tank, a boiler device, a steam turbine generator unit and a fuel cell power generation system, by integrating the technologies of solar power generation and heat collection, solid oxide water electrolysis hydrogen production, steam turbine unit power generation, fuel cell power generation and the like, convenient energy supplementation of the electric agricultural machine is achieved. The equipment is an efficient and environment-friendly energy supply platform, meanwhile, a turbine power generation and fuel cell technology is adopted to replace a traditional diesel generator, pollutant emission is reduced, and the requirements of green energy and sustainable development are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an integrated mobile charging device with multi-energy complementarity, in particular to a mobile charging device suitable for electric agricultural machinery. The device cleverly combines a semi-trailer body with a large-capacity battery energy storage system, a photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production device, a heat collection device, a boiler system, a steam turbine generator set and a fuel cell power generation system to form an efficient and environmentally friendly energy supply platform. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of agricultural modernization, electric agricultural machinery is increasingly used in plateau areas. However, due to the complex terrain and special climatic conditions in plateau areas, the charging problem of electric agricultural machinery has become a key constraint on its promotion and application. Traditional charging methods are often limited by the distribution of charging stations and the coverage of power grids, and cannot meet the flexible charging needs of electric agricultural machinery in plateau areas. Therefore, the development of a mobile charging device and working method suitable for electric agricultural machinery has become the key to solving this problem.

[0003] The mobile charging device makes full use of green electricity by integrating solar power generation, solid oxide water electrolysis hydrogen production, steam turbine power generation, fuel cell power generation and battery energy storage into a thermoelectric coupling platform. It uses the abundant sunshine resources in the plateau area to convert light energy into electrical energy through solar power generation equipment, which can be directly stored in batteries or drive electrolytic cell hydrogen production equipment to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen is then generated by the fuel cell equipment to provide green and sustainable electricity for electric agricultural machinery. At the same time, the heat generated in the process of photothermal and solid oxide water electrolysis hydrogen production is used to generate water vapor to provide power for steam turbine power generation. This mobile charging device not only overcomes the limitations of traditional charging methods, but also improves energy utilization efficiency. In addition, by utilizing renewable energy, solid oxide water electrolysis hydrogen production, steam turbine generator sets and fuel cell technology, the goals of all-weather energy supply and reduction of pollutant emissions are achieved, providing a new energy solution for agricultural mechanization in plateau areas with broad application prospects and market potential.

[0004] CN116198354A discloses a mobile portable hydrogen fuel cell charging device, comprising: a power generation component, the power generation component includes a plurality of plug-in hydrogen fuel cell system units distributed at equal intervals, which are used to generate electricity after hydrogen is introduced; a conversion component, the conversion component is arranged on one side of the power generation component, and is used to switch the magnitude of the output current output by the power generation component; a mobile component, which is linked to the power generation component and is used to adjust the output current output by the power generation component; a display component, which is linked to the mobile component and is used to display the magnitude of the output current. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, through the mutual cooperation of the power generation component, the conversion component and the mobile component, when charging different electric vehicles, the output current can be switched and adjusted according to needs, improving the adaptability of the device, and can be towed and moved by the electric vehicle, realizing the convenience of charging while the electric vehicle is moving.

[0005] The deficiencies of the prior art include:

[0006] (1) The existing mobile charging equipment has a high cost, which directly affects its operating cost and the charging cost of end users;

[0007] (2) The energy replenishment method of the charging equipment is single. At present, most still use diesel generators to provide electric energy for mobile charging equipment, with large emissions and pollution, which does not meet the requirements of green energy and sustainable development;

[0008] (3) The environmental adaptability is not strong. Under the complex terrain conditions of the plateau, traditional mobile charging equipment cannot reach the required locations. Summary of the Utility Model

[0009] The technical problems to be solved by the present utility model mainly focus on solving the charging problems of electric agricultural machinery. Due to the special terrain and climate conditions in the plateau area, as well as the limitations of traditional charging stations and power grid coverage, it is difficult for electric agricultural machinery to achieve flexible and efficient energy replenishment. In addition, the existing charging methods cannot make full use of the rich sunlight resources in the plateau area, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency and unsustainable development.

[0010] The technical solution of the present utility model is as follows:

[0011] A mobile charging device suitable for electric agricultural machinery realizes convenient energy replenishment for electric agricultural machinery by integrating technologies such as solar power generation and heat collection, solid oxide electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, steam turbine power generation, and fuel cell power generation. The device is an efficient and environmentally friendly energy supply platform, capable of realizing automatic control and remote management, improving the convenience and efficiency of operation. At the same time, the use of steam turbine power generation and fuel cell technology to replace traditional diesel generators reduces pollutant emissions, meeting the requirements of green energy and sustainable development.

[0012] This utility model makes full use of the rich solar resources in the plateau area, efficiently converts light energy into electrical energy through solar power generation equipment, connects the electrical energy to an MPPT controller, which ensures that the generated electrical energy is output at the maximum power. The output end of the MPPT is connected to a power converter. The power converter has three input ends and two output ends. The three input ends are respectively connected to solar power generation, fuel cell power generation, and steam turbine unit power generation. The two output ends are respectively connected to a battery pack and a power distribution device, and the energy management system provides the required electrical energy for each electrical equipment and load. At the same time, the heat absorbed by the photovoltaic panel is connected to the heat collection device through a heat conduction device, and the heat is conducted into the heat collection device. The hydrogen output end of the solid oxide electrolyzer is connected to a hydrogen storage tank, and the generated hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank. Finally, the hydrogen flows into the fuel cell to generate electrical energy. For the high temperature generated during the electrolysis of water by the solid oxide electrolyzer, the high temperature heat source is transmitted to the heat collection device through a heat conduction device. The heat collection device collects the heat generated by multiple heat sources and is equipped with an electric auxiliary heating device. The heat collection device is connected to a boiler, vaporizes water to generate superheated steam, and the boiler sends the steam into the steam turbine through a supercharger to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity. Finally, the battery pack stores the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel, steam turbine generator, and fuel cell, and reasonably provides electrical energy for each electrical equipment and load through the energy management system.

[0013] The body device adopts a trailer type. An energy storage compartment is arranged above the body. A double-door is installed at the rear end of the energy storage compartment, which is convenient for staff to repair and maintain the equipment. Exhaust fans are provided on both sides to maintain the temperature inside the compartment. At the same time, the charging interface and the control panel are also placed on both sides of the compartment, which is convenient for charging electric agricultural machinery equipment. Inside the compartment, there are equipment such as a battery pack, an electrolyzer, a water tank, a water treatment device, a heat collection device, a boiler, a supercharger, a steam turbine generator set, a condenser, a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell, a power converter, an energy management system, and a central controller, which are distributed at cross positions.

[0014] The photovoltaic power generation equipment is arranged on the top of the trailer. The photovoltaic power generation equipment realizes the deployment and retraction of the photovoltaic panel through a hydraulic system. It includes a photovoltaic panel, a hydraulic retraction and extension system, an automatic light tracking system, a temperature control system, a heat collection system, and an MPPT controller. After the mobile charging device arrives at the designated area, it first unfolds the four-corner supports, and then starts the control switch of the solar panel. The hydraulic system starts to work, unfolds the photovoltaic panel, and starts to work. When the photovoltaic power generation equipment is working normally, each sensor starts to collect data. After being transmitted to the central controller, it realizes the adjustment of the optimal angle of the photovoltaic panel and temperature control. In addition, considering the instability of the electrical energy generated by photovoltaic power generation, a power converter is equipped at the end of the MPPT, which can meet the different requirements of voltage and frequency for the input electrolyzer and battery, and realize the dual-power supply demand.

[0015] The electrolytic cell equipment includes an electrolytic cell and an auxiliary system. The electrolytic cell is the main place where the electrolysis of water reaction occurs. The auxiliary system includes modules such as power conversion, heat collection and transmission, water circulation, gas separation, and gas purification. When the electrolytic cell works, it is connected to the power distribution device to provide continuous electrical energy to ensure the stable production of hydrogen by electrolyzing water. The sensor transmits the operation information of the equipment to the central controller, and the central controller makes corresponding controls according to the information to ensure the efficient and stable production of hydrogen. In addition, for the high-temperature heat source generated during the electrolysis process, it is transported to the heat collection device through the heat conduction device. The electrolytic cell equipment is in a high-temperature environment during operation, so the equipment inside the electrolytic cell is required to use high-temperature-resistant materials.

[0016] The hydrogen generated is transported to the hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline. The hydrogen storage tank uses high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, which is convenient for centralized storage and management. The hydrogen storage tank adopts a type III bottle with a metal inner liner and full fiber winding, with a working pressure of 35 MPa. A gas temperature sensor is installed inside the bottle to transmit the monitoring information to the central controller in real time, and combined with the thermal pressure relief device to ensure the safe use of the gas cylinder. Since the operating temperature during the solid oxide electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen can reach 700 - 1000 °C, it is required that the heat transfer device inside can quickly transfer the high temperature inside the electrolytic cell to the external heat collection device, and then through the heat collection device and the electric auxiliary heating device, continuously and stably conduct the heat to the boiler, so that the water in the boiler is heated and evaporated to form superheated steam, which flows into the supercharger to increase the steam flow rate and pressure. The accelerated water vapor flows into the steam turbine to drive the steam turbine to rotate, driving the generator to generate electricity. The superheated steam passing through the steam turbine flows out through the outlet and into the condenser to achieve the condensation of the water vapor. During this process, the steam passing through the steam turbine has a relatively high temperature, and waste heat utilization can also be achieved in the condenser. Therefore, a heat conduction device is connected to the condenser to absorb the heat inside the condenser and the cooling pipes, and use the waste heat to preheat the water flowing into the boiler, so as to make full use of the heat energy resources and improve the work efficiency.

[0017] The fuel cell equipment adopts a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with relatively mature technology. The fuel cell has advantages such as high energy density, low operating temperature, and short startup time. The fuel cell system consists of a fuel cell stack, an air supply system, a hydrogen supply system, a cooling system, a power distribution management system, and a controller, etc. In addition, to ensure the stable output of the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell, it is connected to a power converter at the output end of the fuel cell, and there are two output ends. One end replenishes energy for the battery, and the other end is connected to the agricultural machinery charging port to directly charge the agricultural machinery equipment, achieving higher utilization efficiency.

[0018] The battery equipment selects a lead-acid battery pack. The battery pack has advantages such as high efficiency, good safety, simple maintenance, strong high-rate discharge performance, strong environmental adaptability, and high recovery rate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model include:

[0020] Adopting an integrated design with diverse energy replenishment methods, all of which are green energy sources, achieving the coupling of the thermoelectric system, higher energy utilization efficiency, and stronger sustainability; a multifunctional energy storage device that can not only serve as an energy storage device but also be used for other purposes, realizing multi-faceted utilization; a trailer body that can better adapt to the complex terrain conditions of the plateau. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 : The first perspective structural diagram provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 : The three-dimensional structural diagram of the photovoltaic panel retracting and deploying device provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 : The thermoelectric coupling schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 : The flowchart of the charging method provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] In the figures: 1, solar photovoltaic panel; 2, cooling fan; 3, bracket; 4, hydraulic system for retracting and deploying photovoltaic device; 5, fixing seat for photovoltaic device; 6, high-definition monitoring camera; 7, protective panel for operation interface; 8, visual operation panel; 9, charging and discharging interface; 10, central controller; 11, signal receiving antenna; 12, adjustable bracket; 13, towing point; 14, movable shaft; 15, hydraulic system for retracting and deploying photovoltaic panel; 16, telescopic rod; 17, connecting rod; 18, photovoltaic panel light-seeking adjustment system; 19, vehicle body; 20, energy storage compartment; 21, photovoltaic power generation and heat collection device; 22, MPPT controller; 23, power converter; 24, power distribution device; 25, heat collection device, 2501, boiler; 2502, supercharger; 2503, superheated steam flow control valve; 2504, steam turbine; 2505, generator; 26, battery pack; 27, proton exchange membrane fuel cell; 28, hydrogen storage tank; 29, hydrogen flow control valve; 30, water storage tank; 31, water treatment device; 32, preheating device; 33, feed water pump; 34, solid oxide electrolyzer; 35, condenser, 3501, cooling water flow control valve; 3502, cooling water circulation pump; 3503, waste heat recovery device; 36, fuel cell cooling circulation pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Refer to Figures 1 - 3 , a mobile charging device suitable for electric agricultural machinery, comprising:

[0028] The vehicle body device consists of a trailer-type vehicle body 19 that can move and an energy storage compartment 20. It is towed to a designated area by a towing point 13 and a tractor head of agricultural machinery or other power sources. Subsequently, the four-corner brackets 3 are adjusted to contact the ground, and leveling is performed through the adjustable brackets 12 to ensure the stability of the entire device.

[0029] The photovoltaic charging system consists of a photovoltaic panel 1, a photovoltaic device fixing base 5, a retractable hydraulic system 4, 15, a telescopic rod 16, a connecting rod 17, and a light-seeking adjustment system 18. The photovoltaic power generation device is connected to the photovoltaic device fixing base 5 through a movable shaft 14, and in cooperation with the retractable hydraulic system 4, it can realize the adjustment of the photovoltaic power generation device from horizontal to vertical at 0-90°, achieving the retractable function of the photovoltaic power generation device. The photovoltaic panel 1 of the photovoltaic power generation device realizes the retractable function through the hydraulic system 15, the telescopic rod 16, and the connecting rod 17. The automatic light-seeking of the photovoltaic power generation system is jointly realized by the central controller 10 and the light-seeking adjustment system 18. The central controller 10 adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the pre-stored data and the real-time solar position to ensure that the photovoltaic panel can be in the optimal position. At the same time, a temperature sensor is provided to monitor the temperature of the solar panel in real time and transmit the heat to the heat collection device 25 in a timely manner. The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation device may still be unstable after passing through the MPPT controller 22 and cannot be directly connected to the electrolytic cell. Therefore, it is first introduced into the power converter 23. The electric energy passing through the power converter 23 flows into the battery pack 26 and the power distribution device 24 for use by the solid oxide electrolytic cell 34 and other electrical equipment. Then, the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis of water in the solid oxide electrolytic cell is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 28 to provide hydrogen for the fuel cell, and the generated electric energy supplies energy to the battery pack 26 through the power converter 23. The heat generated during the electrolysis of water is conducted to the heat collection device 25 to provide heat energy for the boiler 2501 system to generate superheated steam, which is converted into high-speed and high-pressure steam through the supercharger 2502 to provide power for the steam turbine 2504 to generate electricity. The electric energy generated by the generator 2505 is still unstable and then flows into the power converter 23 again. Finally, the stable electric energy is transmitted to the battery. The steam passing through the steam turbine 2504 flows out through the outlet into the condenser 35 and is cooled to a liquid by the cold water pipe. There is waste heat during the cooling process, which is then introduced into the boiler system through the waste heat recovery device 32 for preheating the water flowing into the boiler 2501. The condensed water then flows through the pipeline to the water treatment device 31 and finally into the water storage tank 30 to realize the recycling of water. The water treatment device 31 mainly treats the water flowing into the electrolytic cell 34 and the boiler 2501 differently to meet the usage requirements of different devices. At the same time, it also treats the water flowing out of the condenser 35 and the fuel cell 27 to meet the requirements for flowing into the water storage tank 30. During the operation of the entire device, the call and treatment of water are mainly realized through different water pumps and control switches. In the above entire process, different sensors, controllers, energy management systems, and central controllers are required to coordinate and control to achieve stable output of electric energy.

[0030] The charge and discharge system consists of a visual operation panel 8 and a two-way charge and discharge interface 9.

[0031] Embodiment 2

[0032] See Figure 4 As shown, the method for the present utility model to achieve charge and discharge includes:

[0033] First, the agricultural machinery is connected to the charging port. The system verifies whether the model can be charged. If it cannot be charged, the charging request is rejected. If it can be charged, the next operation is executed, and the power of the agricultural machinery, the unit electricity price, and the estimated full charge time are displayed. Then the user swipes the card and scans the code according to the demand, and the charging pile sets the charging mode for charging. In the described charging mode, there are two modes: fast charging and normal charging, and the charging mode needs to be adjusted according to the agricultural machinery information and the user's selection. Finally, the cost calculation and deduction operation after charging are carried out. In the above process, mainly the remote control center collects and processes the information, and finally completes the charging function. When there is no charging device, the guard plate 7 automatically closes downward to protect the operation interface and ensure the safety of electricity use.

Claims

1. A mobile charging device suitable for electric agricultural machinery, characterized in that: include: A movable semi-trailer body (19) and an energy storage compartment (20) arranged above the semi-trailer body (19); Photovoltaic power generation and heat collection device (21): arranged on the top of the energy storage compartment (20), comprising a solar photovoltaic panel (1), an MPPT controller (22), a power converter (23) and a battery pack (26) which are electrically connected in sequence; and also comprising a heat collection device (25) for receiving heat energy generated by solar radiation; Electrolytic cell hydrogen production device: a solid oxide water electrolysis hydrogen production cell (34) is used to generate hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen flows into a hydrogen storage tank (28) for storage. At the same time, the high temperature generated during the electrolysis process is transferred to a heat collection device (25) through a heat transfer device; Boiler device: using the heat collecting device (25) to heat water in the boiler to generate high-temperature steam; The steam turbine generator set comprises a boiler (2501), a steam turbine (2504) and a generator (2505); the superheated steam generated by the boiler (2501) is connected to the steam turbine (2504), the steam turbine (2504) drives the generator (2505) to discharge, and the generator (2505) is electrically connected to the battery pack (26) via the power converter (23); A fuel cell power generation system is connected to a hydrogen storage tank (28) to generate electricity and is electrically connected to a battery pack (26) via a power converter (23).

2. The mobile charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation and heat collection device (21) is provided with a solar photovoltaic panel (1) that can be deployed and retracted.

3. The mobile charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell device adopts a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (27), and also includes a fuel cell stack, an air supply system, an oxygen supply system, a cooling system, a power distribution management system and a control system; the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank (28) is connected to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (27) to provide hydrogen for the fuel cell, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to the fuel cell cooling circulation water pump (36) and the water storage tank (30) to achieve cooling of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

4. The mobile charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steam turbine generator set further comprises a supercharger (2502) and a superheated steam flow control valve (2503); the boiler (2501) is connected to the supercharger (2502); the supercharger (2502) is used to increase the pressure and flow rate of the superheated steam, and the superheated steam flow control valve (2503) is used to control the flow of the superheated steam.

5. The mobile charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation and heat collection device (21) is fixed to the top of the energy storage compartment (20) via a photovoltaic device fixing seat (5).

6. The mobile charging device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic panel (1) is connected to a photovoltaic device fixing seat (5) via a movable shaft (14), and is fixed to the top of the energy storage compartment (20) via the photovoltaic device fixing seat (5). A retractable hydraulic system (4) is provided on the photovoltaic device fixing seat (5), and the retractable hydraulic system (4) can adjust the solar photovoltaic panel (1) from flat to vertical within a range of 0 to 90 degrees.

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