System for converting household garbage incineration into new energy fuel gas through closed furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a closed furnace system for converting household garbage incineration into new energy fuel gas, which comprises an incinerator, a scrubber tower, a cooling filter, an oil smoke and water vapor separation tower, a tar filter and a combustible gas decomposition purifier, the incinerator comprises a furnace body, and an incineration chamber for garbage incineration and a secondary combustion chamber for flue gas heating are arranged in the furnace body. Flue gas is led out from the secondary combustion chamber through a high-pressure induced draft fan and sequentially enters a scrubber tower, a cooling filter and an oil smoke and water vapor separation tower, a calcium carbonate solution is sprayed in the scrubber tower to conduct desulfurization and dust removal on the flue gas, the cooling filter conducts cooling and filtering on the flue gas, and the oil smoke and water vapor separation tower decomposes moisture and tar in the flue gas. The flue gas is sequentially connected into a tar filter and a combustible gas decomposition purifier through a Roots machine, an oil gas filter is arranged in the tar filter to filter tar in the flue gas, and a purification layer is arranged in the combustible gas decomposition purifier to remove foreign gas in the flue gas and purify the flue gas into new energy fuel gas. The method has the characteristic of efficient and environment-friendly garbage treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of domestic waste treatment and recycling, and particularly relates to a system for converting domestic waste into new energy gas by a closed furnace. Background Art

[0002] Domestic waste treatment refers to the process of treating and managing the waste generated in human daily life. Landfill is one of the most common waste treatment methods. The waste is dumped into a specific landfill and then gradually covered with soil. The design of the landfill includes an impermeable layer and an impermeable system to reduce the possible pollution to groundwater. However, landfill will generate greenhouse gases such as methane and requires a large amount of land resources. Waste incineration is a treatment method of burning waste at high temperature. Waste incineration plants use special equipment to burn waste and generate electricity or heat through the heat generated by combustion. Modern waste incineration facilities are usually equipped with advanced gas purification systems to control the emission of waste gas. However, waste incineration will also generate waste residue and gas emissions, and strict environmental control measures are required.

[0003] Both landfill and waste incineration have many defects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more environmentally friendly domestic waste treatment method. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a system for converting domestic waste into new energy gas by a closed furnace to overcome the deficiencies of existing landfill and waste incineration technologies.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that a system for converting domestic waste into new energy gas by a closed furnace includes an incinerator, a scrubber, a cooling filter, an oil fume and water vapor separation tower, a tar filter and a combustible gas decomposition purifier. The incinerator includes a furnace body, and an incineration chamber for burning waste and a secondary combustion chamber for heating flue gas are arranged in the furnace body. The flue gas is led out from the secondary combustion chamber through a high-pressure induced draft fan and is successively connected to the scrubber, the cooling filter and the oil fume and water vapor separation tower. Calcium carbonate solution is sprayed in the scrubber to desulfurize and dust the flue gas. The cooling filter cools and filters the flue gas. The oil fume and water vapor separation tower decomposes water and tar in the flue gas. The flue gas is then successively connected to the tar filter and the combustible gas decomposition purifier through a Roots blower. An oil and gas filter is arranged in the tar filter to filter tar in the flue gas. A purification layer is arranged in the combustible gas decomposition purifier to remove impurity gases in the flue gas and purify them into new energy gas.

[0006] Further, the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber should be controlled between 850 degrees and 950 degrees, and the flue gas should stay in the secondary combustion chamber for at least three seconds from entering the secondary combustion chamber to the smoke exhaust outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the incineration chamber is arranged in the middle of the furnace body. The space between the furnace body and the incineration chamber is the secondary combustion chamber. An electric heating tube heater and a temperature sensor are arranged in the secondary combustion chamber. The electric heating tube heater automatically regulates the temperature according to the internal temperature sensor.

[0008] Furthermore, a closed furnace cover is installed at the upper opening of the incineration chamber. A screw feeder is arranged above the furnace body to introduce the incinerated materials into the incineration chamber. A pair-rolling gear rotary feeder and a screw slag discharger are arranged below the furnace body. After the incinerated materials are fully incinerated, they are pulverized by the pair-rolling gear rotary feeder and discharged through the screw slag discharger.

[0009] Furthermore, a circulating water sedimentation tank is arranged at the bottom of the scrubber. Baffles are arranged at intervals along the height direction inside the scrubber. The baffles are alternately provided with openings communicating with the upper space. A spray pipeline is arranged between adjacent baffles. Atomizing nozzles are arranged at intervals on the spray pipeline. The spray pipeline is connected to the circulating water sedimentation tank through a high-pressure circulating water pump.

[0010] Furthermore, a flue gas cooling container is arranged in the cooling filter. A passage for the flue gas to pass through is arranged in the flue gas cooling container. Cold water is introduced from the cooling water pool into the lower side inside the flue gas cooling container through a circulating water pump for cooling. The upper side inside the flue gas cooling container is connected to a circulating water drain pipe to circulate and drain the cold water back to the cooling water pool. The temperature of the cooling water pool is controlled at 4 - 5 °C.

[0011] Furthermore, a spiral flue gas separation pipeline is arranged in the oil fume and water vapor separation tower. The whole spiral flue gas separation pipeline is immersed in the coolant. The coolant is introduced from the coolant circulation pool through a circulating pump and an inlet cooling pipeline, and after circulation, it flows back to the coolant circulation pool. The temperature of the coolant is controlled between -1 and -2 °C.

[0012] Furthermore, the purification layer is a solution and is arranged at the lower part of the combustible gas decomposition purifier. The gas storage layer is above the purification layer. The purification layer is connected to a tar filter through a gas output pipeline. The gas storage layer is connected to a gas transmission pipeline. Valves are installed on both the gas output pipeline and the gas transmission pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, a tar storage pool is included. Tar discharge pipelines and valves are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the cooling filter, the oil fume and water vapor separation tower and the tar filter and led to the tar storage pool.

[0014] Furthermore, the high temperature generated by the combustion of new energy gas and various supporting equipment are used to harmlessly treat hazardous wastes such as hazardous chemicals and organic materials separated from domestic waste.

[0015] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The application range is wide, and it can process the currently produced domestic waste and the domestic waste that cannot be oxidized and decomposed after being landfilled for many years.

[0017] 2. The domestic waste is treated comprehensively and thoroughly. The residual residue and waste after gas production by incineration can be safely processed into various building materials. Hazardous wastes such as hazardous chemicals (including various waste batteries) and organic materials separated from domestic waste can be harmlessly treated by using the high temperature generated by the combustion of new energy gas and various supporting equipment.

[0018] 3. The purified gas is processed into liquefied gas through equipment for domestic use. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Incinerator; 101. Furnace body; 102. Incineration chamber; 103. Inner furnace secondary combustion isolation wall; 104. Electric heating pipe heater; 105. Smoke exhaust pipe port; 106. Screw feeder; 107. Closed furnace cover; 108. Opposite rolling gear rotary feeder; 109. Screw slag discharger; 110. High-pressure induced draft fan; 111. Secondary combustion chamber;

[0021] 2. Scrubber; 21. High-pressure circulating water pump; 22. Spray pipe; 23. Atomizing nozzle; 24. Circulating water sedimentation tank; 25. Smoke outlet pipe;

[0022] 3. Cooling filter; 31. Circulating water pump; 32. Cooling injection pipe; 33. Circulating drainage pipe; 34. Cooling pond; 35. First row of flue gas pipes; 36. First row of tar pipes; 37. First valve; 38. Flue gas cooling container;

[0023] 4. Oil fume and water vapor separation tower; 40. Roots blower; 41. Cooling liquid; 42. Flue gas separation pipe; 43. Liquid inlet cooling pipe; 44. Cooling liquid circulating discharge pipe; 45. Circulating pump; 46. Cooling liquid circulating pool; 47. Second row of tar pipes; 48. Second valve; 49. Second row of flue gas pipes;

[0024] 5. Tar filter; 51. Oil and gas filter; 52. Third row of tar pipes; 53. Third valve; 54. Gas output pipe; 55. Fourth valve;

[0025] 6. Combustible gas decomposition and purifier; 61. Purification layer; 62. Gas storage layer; 63. Gas pressure gauge; 64. Gas transmission pipe; 65. Fifth valve;

[0026] 7. Tar storage pool. Detailed Embodiment

[0027] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present utility model, the following further describes in detail a closed furnace for converting domestic waste incineration into a new energy gas system of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, a closed furnace converts domestic waste incineration into a new energy gas system, including an incinerator 1, a scrubber 2, a cooling filter 3, an oil fume and water vapor separation tower 4, a tar filter 5, a combustible gas decomposition purifier 6, and a tar storage tank 7. The incinerator includes a furnace body 101, and an incineration chamber 102 built by an in-furnace secondary combustion isolation wall 103 is embedded in the furnace body 101. A secondary combustion chamber 111 is formed between the incineration chamber 102 and the furnace body 101. An electric heating wire is arranged at the bottom of the incineration chamber 102. A closed furnace cover 107 is installed at the upper end opening of the incineration chamber 102. A spiral feeder 106 is arranged above the furnace body 101 to introduce incineration materials into the incineration chamber 102. A pair of rolling gear rotary feeders 108 and a spiral slag discharger 109 are arranged below the furnace body 101. After the incineration materials are fully incinerated, they are crushed by the pair of rolling gear rotary feeders 108 and discharged through the spiral slag discharger 109. The temperature of the incineration chamber 102 is controlled at 800 °C, and the solid waste in the spiral slag discharger 109 is used to manufacture cement, plastics, and ceramsite.

[0029] A smoke exhaust pipe opening 105 is opened in the upper part of the incineration chamber 102. Electric heating tube heaters 104 are arranged on the outer wall of the in-furnace secondary combustion isolation wall 103, and the electric heating tube heaters 104 can automatically adjust the temperature according to the internal temperature sensor. The bottom of the furnace body 101 is connected to the air inlet of a high-pressure induced draft fan 110 through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the high-pressure induced draft fan 110 is connected to the lower part of the scrubber 2.

[0030] Calcium carbonate solution is sprayed in the scrubber 2 to desulfurize and dust-remove the flue gas. A circulating water sedimentation tank 24 is arranged at the bottom of the scrubber 2. Baffles are arranged at intervals along the height direction inside the scrubber 2. The baffles are alternately provided with openings communicating with the upper space. A spray pipeline 22 is arranged between adjacent baffles. Atomizing nozzles 23 are arranged at intervals on the spray pipeline 22. The spray pipeline 22 is connected to the circulating water sedimentation tank 24 through a high-pressure circulating water pump 21. A smoke outlet pipeline 25 is arranged at the upper part of the scrubber 2, and the other end of the smoke outlet pipeline 25 is introduced into the lower part of the cooling filter 3.

[0031] A flue gas cooling container 38 is arranged in the cooling filter 3. A passage for the flue gas to pass through is provided in the flue gas cooling container 38. Cold water is introduced from a cooling water pool 34 for cooling through a circulating water pump 31 and a cooling water injection pipe 32 at the lower side inside the flue gas cooling container 38. The upper side inside the flue gas cooling container 38 is connected to a circulating water drain pipe 33 to circulate and drain the cold water back to the cooling water pool 34. The temperature of the cooling water pool 34 is controlled at 4 - 5 °C. A first flue gas pipeline 35 is arranged at the upper end of the cooling filter 3 and introduced into the upper end of the oil fume and water vapor separation tower 4.

[0032] In the oil fume and water vapor separation tower 4, there is a spiral flue gas separation pipe 42, and the whole of the flue gas separation pipe 42 is immersed in the coolant 41. The coolant 41 is introduced from the coolant circulation pool 46 through a circulation pump 45 and a liquid inlet cooling pipe 43, and after circulation, it flows back to the coolant circulation pool 46 through a coolant circulation discharge pipe 44. The temperature of the coolant 41 is controlled between -1°C and -2°C.

[0033] The lower part of the oil fume and water vapor separation tower is connected to a Roots blower 40 through a second row of flue gas pipes 49 and introduced into a tar filter 5. Multiple groups of oil and gas filters 51 are arranged at intervals in the tar filter 5. The oil and gas filters 51 include three layers, which are an asbestos filter, a filter screen, and a filter screen in sequence from bottom to top.

[0034] The upper part of the tar filter 5 is connected to the lower part of a combustible gas decomposition purifier 6 through a gas output pipe 54, and a fourth valve 55 is installed on the gas output pipe 54. A purification layer 61 is arranged at the lower part of the combustible gas decomposition purifier 6, and the purification layer 61 contains a solution. Above the purification layer 61 is a gas storage layer 62. A gas transmission pipe 64 is arranged at the upper end of the combustible gas decomposition purifier 6, and a gas pressure gauge 63 is installed. A fifth valve 65 is installed on the gas transmission pipe 64.

[0035] The bottoms of the cooling filter 3, the oil fume and water vapor separation tower 4, and the tar filter 5 are respectively connected to a first row of tar pipes 36, a second row of tar pipes 47, and a third row of tar pipes 52 and connected to a tar storage pool 7. A first valve 37, a second valve 48, and a third valve 53 are respectively installed on the first row of tar pipes 36, the second row of tar pipes 47, and the third row of tar pipes 52.

[0036] The components of the flue gas generated during the incineration of domestic waste are relatively complex, and there are many types of harmful heavy metals in the flue gas. After multiple tests and verifications on this furnace, the secondary combustion mainly oxidizes most of the heavy metals. The temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 111 should be controlled between 850°C and 950°C, and the flue gas should stay in the secondary combustion chamber 111 for at least three to four seconds from entering to the smoke exhaust outlet. During this process, most of the oxidizable harmful substances have been oxidized. Some are precipitated with fly ash into the fly ash collector installed in the secondary combustion chamber 111, some are precipitated with fly ash into the circulating water sedimentation tank 24, and the remaining flue gas is converted into combustible gas through cooling and filtration. The purification and separation equipment separates carbon monoxide, methane, and ammonia into pure gas, and the main components of the gas are carbon monoxide and methane.

[0037] The domestic waste processed by this utility model ranges from freshly produced domestic waste to domestic waste that cannot be oxidized and decomposed after years of landfill, such as plastic bagged fiber materials and solid hazardous materials that cannot be completely decomposed and can still burn. Through processing and classification, organic and inorganic substances are separated. After the organic substances are processed and crushed, waste wood powder (sawdust, dry leaves, etc. generated by woodworking factories) is added according to the proportion of water content. After processing, it is stirred with the garbage and sent into the incinerator 1. The combustibles are converted into flue gas by controlling the required temperature. The harmful components of the flue gas generated by garbage combustion are relatively complex. In order to convert the generated harmful flue gas into combustible gas to form new energy pure gas, the harmful substances in the flue gas are oxidized through high-temperature secondary combustion. Then, through the induced draft equipment, the flue gas is sent to the scrubber 2. The dust-like substances are sent to the sedimentation tank with circulating water. Then, using the pressure of the induced draft equipment, the flue gas filtered by the scrubber 2 is sent to the cooling filter 3 for cooling and filtering. The temperature inside the filter must be kept around zero degrees. Then, through the oil fume and water vapor separation tower 4, the moisture and tar in the flue gas are decomposed. Then, through the filter screen of the tar filter 5, the combustible gas is compressed into the combustible gas decomposition and purification device 6, and the carbon monoxide, methane, and ammonia contained in the combustible gas are purified into new energy pure gas.

[0038] The remaining residue and waste materials after incineration to produce gas can be safely processed into various building materials. The purified new energy gas has the following uses: The high temperature generated by the combustion of the new energy gas and various supporting equipment can be used to harmlessly process hazardous wastes such as hazardous chemicals (including various waste batteries) and the organic materials separated from domestic waste. It can also process the purified gas into liquefied gas for domestic use through equipment.

[0039] It can be understood that this utility model is described through some embodiments. As is known to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model, various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments. Additionally, under the teaching of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by this utility model.

Claims

1. A closed furnace converts domestic waste incineration into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an incinerator (1), a scrubber (2), a cooling filter (3), a fume and water vapor separation tower (4), a tar filter (5) and a combustible gas decomposition purifier (6). The incinerator (1) comprises a furnace body (101). A combustion chamber (102) for burning garbage and a secondary combustion chamber (111) for heating flue gas are arranged in the furnace body (101). Flue gas is drawn out from the secondary combustion chamber (111) through a high-pressure induced draft fan (110) and connected in sequence to the scrubber (2), the cooling filter (3), the fume and water vapor separation tower (4 ), a calcium carbonate solution is sprayed in a scrubber (2) to desulfurize and remove dust from the flue gas, a cooling filter (3) cools and filters the flue gas, an oil fume and water vapor separation tower (4) decomposes the water and tar in the flue gas, and the flue gas is then connected to a tar filter (5) and a combustible gas decomposition purifier (6) in sequence through a Roots blower (40), an oil and gas filter (51) is provided in the tar filter (5) to filter the tar in the flue gas, and a purification layer (61) is provided in the combustible gas decomposition purifier (6) to remove impurity gases in the flue gas and purify it into new energy fuel gas.

2. The closed furnace according to claim 1 converts the incineration of domestic waste into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: The incineration chamber (102) is arranged in the middle of the furnace body (101), and the space between the furnace body (101) and the incineration chamber (102) is a secondary combustion chamber (111). An electric heating tube heater (104) and a temperature sensor are arranged in the secondary combustion chamber (111), and the electric heating tube heater (104) automatically controls the temperature according to the internal temperature sensor.

3. The closed furnace according to claim 2 converts the incineration of domestic waste into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: The upper opening of the incineration chamber (102) is provided with a closed furnace cover (107); a screw feeder (106) is provided above the furnace body (101) to guide the incineration material into the incineration chamber (102); a counter-rolling gear rotator (108) and a screw slag discharger (109) are provided below the furnace body (101); after the incineration material is fully incinerated, it is crushed by the counter-rolling gear rotator (108) and discharged through the screw slag discharger (109).

4. The closed furnace according to claim 1 converts the incineration of domestic waste into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: A circulating water sedimentation tank (24) is arranged at the bottom of the scrubbing tower (2), baffles are arranged at intervals in the height direction inside the scrubbing tower (2), openings communicating with the space above are alternately arranged on opposite sides of the baffles, spray pipes (22) are arranged between adjacent baffles, atomizing nozzles (23) are arranged at intervals on the spray pipes (22), and the spray pipes (22) are connected to the circulating water sedimentation tank (24) via a high-pressure circulating water pump (21).

5. The closed furnace according to claim 1 converts the incineration of domestic waste into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: A flue gas cooling container (38) is provided in the cooling filter (3). A passage for flue gas to pass through is provided in the flue gas cooling container (38). Cooling water is introduced from a cooling water tank (34) to the lower side of the interior of the flue gas cooling container (38) via a circulating water pump (31) for cooling. The upper side of the interior of the flue gas cooling container (38) is connected to a circulating water drainage pipe (33) to circulate the cool water back to the cooling water tank (34).

6. The closed furnace according to claim 1 converts the incineration of domestic waste into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: A spiral flue gas separation pipe (42) is provided in the oil fume and water vapor separation tower (4). The flue gas separation pipe (42) is entirely immersed in a cooling liquid (41). The cooling liquid (41) is introduced from a cooling liquid circulation pool (46) through a circulation pump (45) and a liquid inlet cooling pipe (43), and flows back into the cooling liquid circulation pool (46) after circulation.

7. The closed furnace according to claim 1 converts the incineration of domestic waste into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: The purification layer (61) is a solution and is arranged at the bottom of the combustible gas decomposition purifier (6). The top of the purification layer (61) is a gas storage layer (62). The purification layer (61) is connected to the tar filter (5) via a gas output pipeline (54). The gas storage layer (62) is connected to the gas transmission pipeline (64). Valves are installed on both the gas output pipeline (54) and the gas transmission pipeline (64).

8. The closed furnace according to claim 1 converts the incineration of domestic waste into a new energy gas system, characterized in that: It comprises a tar storage pool (7), a cooling filter (3), a fume water vapor separation tower (4) and a tar filter (5), each of which is provided with a tar discharge pipe and a valve at the bottom thereof and leads to the tar storage pool (7).

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