Cooling and heating alternating wind wave drying room

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cold and hot alternating wind wave drying room. Comprising a drying room and a unit room; the drying room is connected with the unit room through a partition plate. Air outlets are formed in the top and the bottom of the partition plate; an air return opening is formed in the middle of the partition plate; an inner chamber and an outer chamber are arranged in the unit room and separated through a baffle. A unit shell is arranged in the inner chamber; the unit shell is connected with the partition plate, and the unit shell is arranged between the two air outlets and wraps the air return opening; an electric fresh air valve is arranged on one side of the unit shell relative to the return air inlet; an evaporator, a variable-speed fan, a compressor, a three-way valve and a drying room condenser are sequentially arranged in the unit shell. The evaporator, the variable-speed fan, the compressor, the three-way valve and the drying room condenser are sequentially connected; wherein the drying room condenser is positioned on one side of the electric fresh air valve; the evaporator is located on one side of the return air inlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wolfberry processing, and more specifically, to a hot and cold alternating wave drying and baking room. Background Technique

[0002] At present, there are mainly three methods for drying wolfberries:

[0003] 1. Vacuum pulsating drying of wolfberries. It is carried out under low temperature, vacuum and short time conditions. The wolfberries obtained by this method are close to fresh wolfberries in both color and taste. However, this method has high equipment price, high cost, and short shelf life of the dried wolfberries. Therefore, only a few enterprises use this method for drying.

[0004] 2. Vacuum freeze-drying technology. The water in wolfberries is quickly frozen by rapid freezing, and a strong vacuum is used to quickly sublimate small crystals into water vapor and discharge them. The wolfberries prepared by freeze-drying method are relatively close to fresh wolfberries in color, crispy in taste, easy to break when pinched by hand, with low loss of functional components, and the water content of the dried wolfberries is low (about 3%). However, the dried wolfberries are quite different from the traditional important wolfberries in taste and nutritional components, and the equipment is expensive, with high energy consumption and high cost. Therefore, it has not been widely used in the field of wolfberry drying.

[0005] 3. Hot air heat pump drying. It is easy to produce oily fruits (defined in national standards: oily fruits: fruits that are overripe or picked after rain, and due to improper drying or sun drying, poor storage, the color becomes darker, and the particles are significantly different from normal wolfberries). After the wolfberry dried fruits are dried, in the subsequent color sorting process, it is necessary to screen out and discard the oily fruits, and the remaining genuine products can be packaged and sold. If the proportion of oily fruits is high, the genuine product rate will decrease, which is equivalent to increasing the production cost.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a drying and baking room with low cost and good drying effect and a wolfberry drying method is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] In view of this, the utility model provides a hot and cold alternating wave drying and baking room. Through hot and cold alternation, fluctuating air outlet measures and process optimization, the drying rate of wolfberry fruits is accelerated, and the loss during the drying of wolfberry fruits is reduced. Compared with traditional hot air drying, the oily fruit rate of wolfberry fruits after drying will be reduced by 10%.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0009] A hot and cold alternating wave drying and baking room, comprising: a baking room and a unit room;

[0010] The baking room is connected to the unit room through a partition;

[0011] Air outlets are provided at both the top and bottom of the partition board, and an air return opening is provided in the middle of the partition board;

[0012] An inner chamber and an outer chamber are provided in the unit room, and the inner chamber and the outer chamber are separated by a baffle;

[0013] A unit housing is provided in the inner chamber; the unit housing is connected to the partition board, and the unit housing is disposed between two air outlets and wraps the air return opening;

[0014] An electric fresh air valve is provided on one side of the unit housing relative to the air return opening;

[0015] An evaporator, a variable-speed blower, a compressor, a three-way valve, and a drying room condenser are sequentially provided in the unit housing; the evaporator, the variable-speed blower, the compressor, the three-way valve, and the drying room condenser are sequentially connected;

[0016] Among them, the drying room condenser is located on one side of the electric fresh air valve; the evaporator is located on one side of the air return opening.

[0017] Preferably, the above device further includes: an outdoor condenser;

[0018] The outdoor condenser is provided outside the unit housing, and one end is connected to the three-way valve, and the other end is connected to the drying room condenser.

[0019] Preferably, the cross section of the unit housing is trapezoidal, and the electric fresh air valve is disposed on one side of the short side of the trapezoid.

[0020] Through the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present utility model solves the problem of more oily fruits in the hot air drying process of goji berries and reduces the oily fruit rate in the hot air drying process of goji berries;

[0022] 2. Compared with vacuum freeze-drying, the method and equipment of the present utility model have low costs, and the taste of the fruits is close to that of traditional Chinese medicine goji berries;

[0023] 3. Compared with traditional hot air drying, the method of the present utility model reduces the oily fruit rate in the drying process of goji berries and improves the utilization value of goji berry fruits. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the device of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the internal structure within the casing of the unit of the present utility model;

[0027] Among them, in the figure:

[0028] 1 - drying room; 2 - outer chamber; 21 - outdoor condenser; 3 - inner chamber; 4 - unit casing; 41 - evaporator; 42 - variable - speed blower; 43 - compressor; 44 - drying - room condenser; 45 - electric fresh - air valve; 46 - three - way valve; 5 - partition; 6 - air return opening; 7 - air outlet. Specific implementation manners

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] This embodiment provides a hot - and - cold alternating wave - type drying drying room, including: a drying room 1 and a unit room;

[0032] The drying room 1 is connected to the unit room through a partition 5;

[0033] Air outlets 7 are provided at both the top and bottom of the partition 5, and an air return opening 6 is provided in the middle of the partition 5;

[0034] An inner chamber 3 and an outer chamber 2 are provided in the unit room, and the inner chamber 3 and the outer chamber 2 are separated by a baffle;

[0035] A unit casing 4 is provided in the inner chamber 3; the unit casing 4 is connected to the partition 5, and the unit casing 4 is disposed between two air outlets 7 and encloses the air return opening 6;

[0036] An electric fresh - air valve 45 is provided on one side of the unit casing 4 relative to the air return opening 6;

[0037] An evaporator 41, a variable - speed blower 42, a compressor 43, a three - way valve 46, and a drying - room condenser 44 are sequentially provided in the unit casing; the evaporator 41, the variable - speed blower 42, the compressor 43, the three - way valve 46, and the drying - room condenser 44 are sequentially connected;

[0038] Among them, the drying room condenser 44 is located on one side of the electric fresh air valve 45; the evaporator 41 is located on one side of the air return opening 6.

[0039] In this embodiment, the above device further includes: an outdoor condenser 21;

[0040] The outdoor condenser 21 is arranged inside the outer chamber 2, and one end is connected to the three-way valve 46, and the other end is connected to the drying room condenser 44.

[0041] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the unit housing 4 is trapezoidal, and the electric fresh air valve 45 is arranged on the side of the short side of the trapezoid.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment provides a working method of the hot and cold alternating wave drying and baking room in Embodiment 1, which is specifically as follows:

[0044] Hot air circulation: Turn on the variable-speed fan 42 to generate fresh air. The fresh air sequentially passes through the compressor 43, the three-way valve 46, the outdoor condenser 21 and the drying room condenser 44 to complete the heating of the fresh air. The heated fresh air is discharged through the electric fresh air valve 45, and then enters the drying room 2 through the air outlet 7 to heat the drying room 2. The heated air enters the evaporator 41 through the air return opening 6 and evaporates, and then enters the variable-speed fan 42 to start a new cycle;

[0045] Cooling cycle: Turn on the variable-speed fan 42 to generate fresh air. The fresh air sequentially passes through the compressor 43, the three-way valve 46 and the drying room condenser 44 to complete the heating of the fresh air. The heated fresh air is discharged through the electric fresh air valve 45, and then enters the drying room 2 through the air outlet 7 to heat the drying room 2. The heated air enters the evaporator 41 through the air return opening 6 and evaporates, and then enters the variable-speed fan 42 to start a new cycle.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] This embodiment provides a method for drying goji berries by hot and cold alternating waves, using the above-mentioned hot and cold alternating wave drying and baking room, including 10 drying steps, which are specifically as follows:

[0048] The first stage: the temperature is 40°C - 45°C, the wind speed is 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, and the time is 2h;

[0049] The second stage: the temperature is 45°C - 50°C, the wind speed is 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, and the time is 2h;

[0050] The third stage: the temperature is 30°C - 35°C, the wind speed is 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 8% / 2h, time 1h;

[0051] Fourth stage: temperature 45°C - 50°C, wind speed 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, time 2h;

[0052] Fifth stage: temperature 50°C - 55°C, wind speed 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, time 3h;

[0053] Sixth stage: temperature 30°C - 35°C, wind speed 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 8% / 2h, time 1h;

[0054] Seventh stage: temperature 45°C - 50°C, wind speed 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, time 2h;

[0055] Eighth stage: temperature 50°C - 55°C, wind speed 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, time 5h;

[0056] Ninth stage: temperature 55°C - 60°C, wind speed 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, time 10h;

[0057] Tenth stage: temperature 58°C - 63°C, wind speed 13000 - 20500m 3 / h, the dehumidification rate is 5% / 2h, time 2h.

[0058] Effect experiment

[0059] Using the method of the present utility model and the conventional vacuum pulsating drying method and the hot air heat pump drying method to dry wolfberries, and then conducting inspections.

[0060] Inspection method:

[0061] Color difference: Randomly select 10 dried fruits for each method, use a CM-5 spectrophotometer colorimeter to measure and read the color indexes of wolfberry fresh fruits: L (brightness), a (redness), and b (yellowness), and take the average value. Among them, L represents lightness (0 - 100), the L value increases from small to large, and its brightness moves from black to white lightness; the a value moves from negative to positive, and its color representation is the color index between red and green; b represents the color index between yellow and blue, yellow is positive, and blue is negative.

[0062] Genuine product rate: Weigh 1 kg of dry wolfberries, select genuine wolfberry fruits using the Zhongrui Microvision 6SXZ-68 color sorter, weigh and record. Genuine product rate = (weight of genuine products / total weight) * 100%. Repeat 3 times and calculate the average value.

[0063] Moisture content: Measure using the Mettler Toledo MJ33 rapid moisture analyzer. Take 2 - 4 wolfberry fruits and place them in the sample tray configured for the moisture analyzer. Record the weight, set the temperature to 155 °C, and record the moisture content after the instrument stops running. Repeat 3 times and calculate the average value.

[0064] The comparison results are shown in Table 1 as follows:

[0065] Table 1

[0066]

[0067] Table 1 shows the comparison of the color difference and genuine product rate of wolfberry dried fruits after drying by this method and the current 2 wolfberry drying methods. During the detection of the dried wolfberry fruits, the color difference value L of the wolfberries after vacuum pulsation drying is the highest, that is, the fruit brightness is the brightest; the color difference value L of the wolfberries after hot air heat pump drying is the lowest, that is, the fruit brightness is the lowest; the color difference L of the wolfberry fruits dried by this method is between the two, indicating that the brightness of the wolfberry fruits is higher than that of the fruits after hot air heat pump drying, but lower than the color difference value L of the wolfberries after vacuum pulsation drying.

[0068] The color difference a value of the wolfberries after vacuum pulsation drying is the lowest, that is, the fruits are the reddest; the color difference a value of the wolfberries after hot air heat pump drying is the highest, that is, the redness of the fruits is the lowest, and the color difference L of the wolfberry fruits dried by this method is between the two.

[0069] Regarding the color difference b value, the wolfberries after hot air heat pump drying have the highest value, and the fruits are yellowish; this method has the lowest value, that is, the fruit yellowness is small.

[0070] After drying the wolfberry fruits, use a color sorter to screen out imperfect grains such as oily fruits, green fruits, and diseased fruits, and the selected fruits become genuine products. Among them, oily fruits are the main imperfect grains and are also one of the controllable factors in the drying process. The oily fruit rate and the genuine product rate are extremely significantly positively correlated. Therefore, the genuine product rate (that is, the proportion of genuine products in all dried fruits) is one of the important drying quality indicators of the fruits. The experimental results show that the genuine product rate of the wolfberries after vacuum pulsation drying is the highest, the genuine product rate of the wolfberry fruits after hot air heat pump drying is the lowest, and this method is between the two.

[0071] Vacuum pulsation drying is currently a method with relatively good appearance quality of the dried fruits, but the equipment for this method is expensive, so the price of the dried wolfberry fruits is relatively high. Hot air heat pump drying is a traditional wolfberry drying method. Due to its low cost and low price of the dried wolfberry fruits, it is also the most widely used method currently, but the genuine product rate of the fruits is low and the appearance quality of the dried fruits is relatively low.

[0072] The price of the equipment of this method is much lower than that of vacuum pulsating drying, and the appearance quality of the dried fruits is higher than that of traditional hot air heat pump drying. It is a new method with higher cost performance.

[0073] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method part.

[0074] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hot and cold alternating wind wave drying room, characterized in that: include: Drying room and unit room; The drying room is connected to the unit room via a partition; The top and bottom of the partition are both provided with air outlets, and the middle of the partition is provided with an air return port; The unit room is provided with an inner room and an outer room, and the inner room and the outer room are separated by a baffle; The inner chamber is provided with a unit housing; the unit housing is connected to the partition, and the unit housing is provided between the two air outlets and wraps the return air outlet; The unit casing is provided with an electric fresh air valve on one side opposite to the return air outlet; The evaporator, variable speed fan, compressor, three-way valve and drying room condenser are arranged in sequence in the shell of the unit; the evaporator, variable speed fan, compressor, three-way valve and drying room condenser are connected in sequence; Among them, the drying room condenser is located on one side of the electric fresh air valve; the evaporator is located on one side of the return air outlet.

2. The hot and cold alternating wind wave drying room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: Outdoor condenser; The outdoor condenser is arranged inside the outer chamber, and one end of the outdoor condenser is connected to the three-way valve, and the other end is connected to the drying room condenser.

3. The hot and cold alternating wind wave drying room according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cross-section of the unit casing is trapezoidal, and the electric fresh air valve is arranged on one of the short sides of the trapezoid.

Images