Three-oil-cylinder spring type true triaxial foam fracturing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid rock breaking, in particular to a three-oil-cylinder spring type true triaxial foam fracturing device which comprises a first bottom frame and a second bottom frame, two first side frames are transversely arranged on the top face of the second bottom frame in a sliding mode, and a bottom bearing assembly is arranged between the two first side frames. Telescopic columns are arranged at the four corners of the top end of the bottom bearing assembly, a top bearing assembly is jointly connected among the top ends of the four telescopic columns, a hard rock sample is detachably placed between the bottom bearing assembly and the top bearing assembly, and an impact assembly is detachably installed in the middle of one third loading plate. Gravity and friction force in the fracturing process are balanced through longitudinal stretching and retracting of the telescopic columns and longitudinal strain of the springs, and transverse friction force is balanced through transverse movement of the first side frame and transverse movement of the second side frame in the specific pressure applying and impacting process. And finally, the influence of the tangential stress on the detection of the experimental principal stress is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid rock breaking, and particularly relates to a three-cylinder spring type true triaxial foam fracturing device. Background Technique

[0002] With the increasing intensity of ore and oil and gas resource exploitation in deep rock formations, various special mining conditions have brought new restrictions to rock-breaking means; although the conventional hydraulic fracturing technology is relatively perfect, it has the problems of large water consumption and waste, and is not suitable for areas lacking water resources. Other blasting and impact rock-breaking methods are often difficult to control, cause great harm to the environment, and are extremely dangerous. The high-temperature and high-pressure fluid foam rock-breaking technology has the advantages of strong controllability, high safety, and good fracturing effect in rock fracturing, and is a key technology in the field of rock breaking.

[0003] For high-temperature and high-pressure fluid rock-breaking experiments, axial force and circumferential stress need to be applied layer by layer to the hard rock sample to be broken, so that the hard rock sample can be quickly and cyclically pressurized to the confining pressure value required by the experimental scheme, and then the axial force is increased to simulate the in-situ stress state of deep geotechnical engineering. The tangential stress generated between the hard rock sample and the pressurizing device during the application of the axial force will have a great impact on the detection of the main experimental stress. Currently, the commonly used true triaxial experimental devices cannot effectively eliminate the influence of tangential stress and are difficult to meet the requirements of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid foam rock-breaking experiments.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a three-cylinder spring type true triaxial foam fracturing device to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a three-cylinder spring type true triaxial foam fracturing device, which solves the problem that the tangential stress generated between the hard rock sample and the pressurizing device during the application of the axial force in the prior art will have a great impact on the detection of the main experimental stress. Currently, the commonly used true triaxial experimental devices cannot effectively eliminate the influence of tangential stress and are difficult to meet the requirements of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid foam rock-breaking experiments.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A three-cylinder spring-type true triaxial foam fracturing device, comprising a first chassis and a second chassis which is vertically arranged above the first chassis. Two synchronous first side frames are horizontally slidably arranged on the top surface of the second chassis, and a bottom bearing assembly is arranged between the two first side frames. Vertically telescopic telescopic columns are arranged at the four corners of the top end of the bottom bearing assembly, and springs are sleeved on the telescopic columns. A top bearing assembly is commonly connected between the top ends of the four telescopic columns. A hard rock sample is detachably placed between the bottom bearing assembly and the top bearing assembly, and both the bottom bearing assembly and the top bearing assembly are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through a first loading plate. The two first side frames are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through a second loading plate. Two synchronous second side frames are horizontally slidably arranged on the first chassis, and the two second side frames are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through a third loading plate. And stress required for fracturing can be applied to one of the first loading plate, the second loading plate and the third loading plate. An impact assembly capable of repeatedly providing instantaneous impact pressure for the hard rock sample is detachably installed in the middle of one of the third loading plates.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom bearing assembly includes a first bottom support plate detachably connected between the bottom ends of the two first side frames, a plurality of columns arranged at the four corners of the top end of the first bottom support plate, and a bottom bearing plate installed between the top ends of the plurality of columns. And a hydraulic cylinder capable of pressing the first loading plate is arranged in the bottom bearing plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top bearing assembly includes a top frame plate detachably connected between the top ends of the two first side frames and a top bearing plate installed at the bottom end of the top frame plate. The two first loading plates are respectively abutted against one side wall of the bottom bearing plate and the top bearing plate close to the hard sample.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the impact assembly includes a foam impact fracturing rod detachably installed at the center of the third loading plate and facing the hard rock sample, and a fracturing device installed at the other end of the third loading plate. The fracturing device penetrates through the third loading plate and is connected to the end of the foam impact fracturing rod. The foam impact fracturing rod can repeatedly provide instantaneous impact pressure for the hard rock sample. Combustible biomass foam is filled in the fracturing device, and a deformation load detection unit capable of real-time measuring its dynamic deformation and rupture is arranged on the side of the hard rock sample.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric spark device charging and heating device capable of heating and igniting the biomass foam is arranged in the foam impact fracturing rod.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a second bottom plate is detachably arranged between the bottoms of the two second side frames. A hydraulic cylinder capable of pressing on the second loading plate is arranged in one of the first side frames, and a hydraulic cylinder capable of pressing on the third loading plate is arranged in one of the second side frames.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a first guide rail is arranged at the top end of the first bottom frame, a second guide rail is arranged at the top end of the second bottom frame. A first pulley capable of sliding along the second guide rail is arranged at the bottom end of the first side frame, and a second pulley capable of sliding along the first guide rail is arranged at the bottom end of the second side frame.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present utility model are as follows:

[0015] In the present utility model, by pressing on one of the first loading plate, the second loading plate and the third loading plate, axial force and circumferential stress are applied layer by layer to the hard rock sample, and the confining pressure value required by the experimental scheme is cyclically pressurized. Subsequently, in one of the principal stress directions, the impact assembly provides repeated instantaneous impacts to the hard rock sample, so as to obtain parameters such as the deformation and transient pressure of the hard rock sample. During the placement of the hard rock sample, the telescopic column actively expands and contracts and drives the spring to deform accordingly, so as to balance the gravity of the hard rock sample. During the pressing process, the telescopic column expands and contracts again and drives the spring to deform accordingly, so as to balance the longitudinal frictional force, that is, the gravity and frictional force during the fracturing process are balanced by the longitudinal expansion and contraction of the telescopic column and the longitudinal strain of the spring. During the specific pressing and impact processes, the transverse movement of the first side frame and the transverse movement of the second side frame are used to balance the transverse frictional force, finally eliminating the influence of the tangential stress on the detection of the principal stress of the experiment, and providing technical support for the research on the mechanism of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid rock-breaking technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present utility model after hiding the partial structure of the impact assembly;

[0018] Figure 3 is the present utility model Figure 2 in the side view structural schematic diagram.

[0019] Description of the reference numerals:

[0020] 1. First chassis; 2. Second chassis; 3. First guide rail; 4. Second guide rail; 5. First side frame; 6. Second side frame; 7. First bottom support plate; 8. Column; 9. Bottom bearing plate; 10. Telescopic column; 11. Spring; 12. Top bearing plate; 13. First loading plate; 14. Hydraulic cylinder; 15. Second bottom support plate; 16. Foam impact fracturing rod; 17. Deformation load detection unit; 18. Fracturer; 19. Biomass foam; 20. Second loading plate; 21. Third loading plate; 22. Top frame plate; 23. First pulley; 24. Second pulley. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] The present utility model provides a Figures 1-3 three-cylinder spring type true triaxial foam fracturing device as shown in the figure, including a first chassis 1 and a second chassis 2 that is vertically arranged above the first chassis 1 and perpendicular to the first chassis 1. Two synchronous first side frames 5 are horizontally slidably arranged on the top surface of the second chassis 2, and a bottom bearing assembly is arranged between the two first side frames 5. Vertically telescopic telescopic columns 10 are arranged at the four corners of the top end of the bottom bearing assembly, and springs 11 are sleeved on the telescopic columns 10. A top bearing assembly is jointly connected between the tops of the four telescopic columns 10. A hard rock sample is detachably placed between the bottom bearing assembly and the top bearing assembly, and both the bottom bearing assembly and the top bearing assembly are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through a first loading plate 13. The two first side frames 5 are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through a second loading plate 20. Two synchronous second side frames 6 are horizontally slidably arranged on the first chassis 1, and the two second side frames 6 are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through a third loading plate 21. And stress required for fracturing can be applied to one of the first loading plate 13, the second loading plate 20, and the third loading plate 21. An impact assembly that can repeatedly provide instantaneous impact pressure for the hard rock sample is detachably installed in the middle of one of the third loading plates 21. This application can simulate the in-situ stress of deep rock and soil, and observe the state of rock and soil body fragmentation and crack development under the cyclic impact of high-temperature and high-pressure biomass foam 19, and study its internal mechanism.

[0023] The bottom bearing assembly includes a first bottom support plate 7 detachably connected between the bottom ends of the two first side frames 5, a plurality of columns 8 arranged at the four corners of the top end of the first bottom support plate 7, and a bottom bearing plate 9 installed between the tops of the plurality of columns 8. And a hydraulic cylinder 14 that can apply pressure to the first loading plate 13 is arranged in the bottom bearing plate 9. The columns 8 can install the bottom bearing plate 9 at a certain distance above the first bottom support plate 7, so as to facilitate the installation of the hydraulic cylinder 14 in the bottom bearing plate 9.

[0024] The top bearing assembly includes a top frame plate 22 detachably connected between the tops of two first side frames 5 and a top bearing plate 12 installed at the bottom end of the top frame plate 22. Two first loading plates 13 are respectively abutted against one side wall of the bottom bearing plate 9 and the top bearing plate 12 close to the hard rock sample. The bottom bearing plate 9 and the top bearing plate 12 can fix the position of the hard rock sample and are convenient for disassembly.

[0025] The impact assembly includes a foam impact fracturing rod 16 detachably installed at the center of the third loading plate 21 and facing the hard rock sample, and a fracturer 18 installed at the other end of the third loading plate 21. The fracturer 18 penetrates through the third loading plate 21 and is connected to the end of the foam impact fracturing rod 16. The foam impact fracturing rod 16 can repeatedly provide instantaneous impact pressure to the hard rock sample. The fracturer 18 is filled with combustible biomass foam 19, and a deformation load detection unit 17 for real-time measurement of its dynamic deformation and rupture is arranged on the side of the hard rock sample. An electric spark device energy charging and heating device for heating and igniting the biomass foam 19 is arranged in the foam impact fracturing rod 16. The heating device heats through the reserved hole of the foam impact fracturing rod 16 for 10 - 20 minutes to raise the fluid temperature of the biomass foam 19 to the specified initial temperature. The electric spark device is connected to the wire through the reserved hole of the foam impact fracturing rod 16 and excites the combustion of the biomass foam 19. By measuring the data of the deformation load detection unit 17, parameters such as its dynamic strain and transient pressure are obtained; after one combustion is completed, biomass foam 19 can be continuously injected into the foam impact fracturing rod 16, and the experiment is repeated, and various parameters under the repeated transient impact are recorded. Finally, the generation and development of cracks are observed and compared, and the hard rock sample or the dosage of the biomass foam 19 is changed to conduct the next group of experiments.

[0026] A second bottom plate 15 is detachably arranged between the bottoms of two second side frames 6. A hydraulic cylinder 14 for pressing the second loading plate 20 is arranged in one of the first side frames 5, and a hydraulic cylinder 14 for pressing the third loading plate 21 is arranged in one of the second side frames 6. The hydraulic cylinder 14 can gradually apply axial force and circumferential stress to the hard rock sample, and cyclically pressurize to the confining pressure value required by the experimental scheme.

[0027] A first guide rail 3 is arranged at the top of the first bottom frame 1, a second guide rail 4 is arranged at the top of the second bottom frame 2, a first pulley 23 that can slide along the second guide rail 4 is arranged at the bottom end of the first side frame 5, and a second pulley 24 that can slide along the first guide rail 3 is arranged at the bottom end of the second side frame 6.

[0028] In the present utility model, axial force and circumferential stress are applied layer by layer to the hard rock sample by pressing one of the first loading plates 13, the second loading plate 20 and the third loading plate 21, and the confining pressure value required by the experimental scheme is cyclically pressurized. Subsequently, in one of the principal stress directions, a repeated instantaneous impact is provided to the hard rock sample through the impact assembly, so as to obtain parameters such as the deformation and transient pressure of the hard rock sample. During the placement of the hard rock sample, the telescopic column 10 actively expands and contracts to drive the spring 11 to undergo corresponding deformation, thereby balancing the gravity of the hard rock sample. During the pressing process, the telescopic column 10 expands and contracts again to drive the spring 11 to undergo corresponding deformation, thereby balancing the longitudinal frictional force. That is, the gravity and frictional force during the fracturing process are balanced by the longitudinal expansion and contraction of the telescopic column 10 and the longitudinal strain of the spring 11. During the specific pressing and impact processes, the lateral frictional force is balanced by the lateral movement of the first side frame 5 and the lateral movement of the second side frame 6, finally eliminating the influence of the tangential stress on the detection of the principal stress of the experiment, and providing technical support for the research on the mechanism of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid rock-breaking technology.

[0029] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present utility model, several improvements and deformations can still be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A three-cylinder spring true triaxial foam fracturing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first base frame (1) and a second base frame (2) which is arranged vertically with respect to the first base frame (1) and is located above the first base frame (1); two synchronous first side frames (5) are arranged on the top surface of the second base frame (2) for transverse sliding, and a bottom bearing assembly is arranged between the two first side frames (5); four corners of the top end of the bottom bearing assembly are provided with longitudinally retractable telescopic columns (10), and the telescopic columns (10) are sleeved with springs (11); a top bearing assembly is commonly connected between the top ends of the four telescopic columns (10); a hard rock sample is detachably placed between the bottom bearing assembly and the top bearing assembly, and the bottom bearing assembly and the top bearing assembly are provided with a plurality of springs (11). The bearing components are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through the first loading plate (13), the two first side frames (5) are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through the second loading plate (20), the first bottom frame (1) is provided with two synchronous second side frames (6) for transverse sliding, the two second side frames (6) are in contact with the side wall of the hard rock sample through the third loading plate (21), and one of the first loading plates (13), the second loading plate (20) and the third loading plate (21) can be applied with the stress required for fracturing, and one of the third loading plates (21) is detachably installed with an impact component in the middle part that can repeatedly provide instantaneous impact pressure for the hard rock sample.

2. A three-cylinder spring true triaxial foam fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom bearing assembly comprises a first bottom support plate (7) detachably connected between the bottom ends of the two first side frames (5), a plurality of columns (8) arranged at four corners of the top end of the first bottom support plate (7), and a bottom bearing plate (9) installed between the top ends of the plurality of columns (8), and a hydraulic cylinder (14) capable of applying pressure to the first loading plate (13) is arranged in the bottom bearing plate (9).

3. A three-cylinder spring true triaxial foam fracturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top bearing assembly comprises a top frame plate (22) detachably connected between the top ends of the two first side frames (5) and a top bearing plate (12) mounted on the bottom end of the top frame plate (22), and the two first loading plates (13) respectively abut against a side wall of the bottom bearing plate (9) and the top bearing plate (12) close to the hard sample.

4. The three-cylinder spring true triaxial foam fracturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The impact assembly comprises a foam impact fracturing rod (16) detachably mounted at the center of a third loading plate (21) and facing the hard rock sample, and a fracturing device (18) mounted at the other end of the third loading plate (21). The fracturing device (18) penetrates the third loading plate (21) and is connected to the end of the foam impact fracturing rod (16). The foam impact fracturing rod (16) can repeatedly provide instantaneous impact pressure to the hard rock sample. The fracturing device (18) is filled with explosive biomass foam (19), and a deformation load detection unit (17) is arranged on the side of the hard rock sample for measuring its dynamic deformation and fracture in real time.

5. A three-cylinder spring true triaxial foam fracturing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The foam impact fracturing rod (16) is provided with an electric spark device charging and heating device capable of heating and igniting the biomass foam (19).

6. The three-cylinder spring true triaxial foam fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second bottom support plate (15) is detachably disposed between the bottom ends of the two second side frames (6), a hydraulic cylinder (14) capable of applying pressure to the second loading plate (20) is disposed in one of the first side frames (5), and a hydraulic cylinder (14) capable of applying pressure to the third loading plate (21) is disposed in one of the second side frames (6).

7. The three-cylinder spring true triaxial foam fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bottom frame (1) is provided with a first guide rail (3) at the top end, the second bottom frame (2) is provided with a second guide rail (4) at the top end, the first side frame (5) is provided with a first pulley (23) that can slide along the second guide rail (4) at the bottom end, and the second side frame (6) is provided with a second pulley (24) that can slide along the first guide rail (3) at the bottom end.

Images