Container type energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model provides a container type energy storage device to solve the problem of thermal runaway of the container type energy storage device. The container type energy storage device comprises an energy storage box, at least one battery cluster is arranged in the energy storage box, the battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery packs, an explosion venting valve is arranged on each battery pack, the battery cluster further comprises an explosion venting structure, an explosion venting channel is formed in the explosion venting structure and provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and the outlet are communicated with the explosion venting structure. The multiple inlets communicate with the explosion venting valves in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the outlets lead to the outside of the energy storage box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly to a containerized energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] A containerized energy storage device integrates a large number of batteries, such as battery packs, so as to store more energy and thus provide more persistent power support. When the containerized energy storage device is operating, the battery packs inside generate heat. If too much heat is generated in a short period of time, the heat accumulation is likely to cause thermal runaway, and the battery packs will eject high-temperature fluids, which usually contain combustible gases and / or chemical solutions, etc.

[0003] With the rapid development of the energy storage industry, the capacity and size of a single battery pack in a containerized energy storage device are getting larger and larger. This means that in the case of thermal runaway, the ejection pressure of the battery pack is getting higher and higher, and the thermal runaway of a single battery pack will spread rapidly, resulting in cascading thermal runaway of adjacent battery packs. The thermal runaway may ultimately lead to catastrophic fire incidents. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a containerized energy storage device, which can solve the technical problem of thermal runaway of the containerized energy storage device.

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide a containerized energy storage device, including: an energy storage box, at least one battery cluster is arranged in the energy storage box, the battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs, a pressure relief valve is arranged on a single battery pack, the battery cluster further includes a pressure relief structure, a pressure relief channel is formed in the pressure relief structure, the pressure relief channel has an inlet and an outlet, the number of inlets is multiple, the inlets are in one-to-one correspondence and communication with the pressure relief valves, and the outlet leads to the outside of the energy storage box.

[0006] In one embodiment, the inlet is opened on the side wall of the pressure relief structure, and the outlet is located at the end of the pressure relief structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, the side wall of the pressure relief structure is provided with a convex platform protruding outward, a receiving cavity communicating with the pressure relief channel is formed inside the convex platform, the inlet is located on the convex platform, and the pressure relief valve is received in the receiving cavity.

[0008] In one embodiment, the pressure relief structure includes a first housing and a plurality of second housings, the plurality of inlets are respectively opened on the plurality of second housings, at least one of the first housing and the second housings defines a groove, and the plurality of second housings are sequentially arranged end to end on the first housing and define the pressure relief channel with the first housing.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first housing is U-shaped and includes a first bottom plate and first side plates integrally provided. The number of the first side plates is two and they are spaced apart on both sides of the first bottom plate; the second housing is U-shaped and includes a second bottom plate and second side plates integrally provided. The number of the second side plates is two and they are spaced apart on both sides of the second bottom plate; the first housing and the second housing are arranged facing each other and nested and fitted, the first side plates are connected to the second side plates, and the inlet is located on the second bottom plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second housing further includes an extension plate integrally provided at one end of the second bottom plate. The extension plate is used to extend into the explosion venting channel and abut against the second bottom plate of another adjacent second housing.

[0011] In one embodiment, a support frame is provided in the energy storage box, and the battery pack and the explosion venting structure are arranged on the support frame.

[0012] In one embodiment, the support frame includes a column and a cross bar fixedly connected. The column and the cross bar are crisscrossed. The battery pack is supported on the cross bar, the explosion venting structure is fixed on the column, or the explosion venting structure is integrally formed with the column, or the support frame further includes a mounting side plate, and the explosion venting structure is arranged on the mounting side plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the number of the battery clusters is multiple, and the support frame further includes partitions arranged on the columns. The partitions divide the interior of the energy storage box into multiple independent battery compartments, and one battery cluster is provided in each battery compartment.

[0014] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a containing box and multiple battery cells. The battery cells are located in the containing box, and the explosion venting valve is arranged on the containing box. The explosion venting valve is a one-way valve that allows the substances in the containing box to conduct unidirectionally to the outside of the containing box.

[0015] In one embodiment, the number of the battery clusters is M battery packs arranged in alignment along a first direction. N explosion venting valves are provided on a single battery pack. The explosion venting valves in the battery cluster are divided into L groups, and the explosion venting valves in each group are arranged in alignment along the first direction. The number of the explosion venting structures is L. The number of inlets on a single explosion venting structure is equal to the number of explosion venting valves in a single group of explosion venting valves. The explosion venting structures also extend along the first direction. Each group of explosion venting valves corresponds to one explosion venting structure. M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0016] Advantages of the embodiments of the present application:

[0017] In an embodiment of the present application, for the battery packs in the energy storage box of the containerized energy storage device, an explosion venting structure is configured. The explosion venting valve on the battery pack is communicated with the explosion venting channel in the explosion venting structure through the inlet of the explosion venting channel. In this way, when a single battery pack undergoes thermal runaway, the by-products of thermal runaway ejected by the explosion venting valve flow into the explosion venting channel through the inlet, and then flow out of the energy storage box through the outlet of the explosion venting channel. In this way, not only can the by-products of thermal runaway be prevented from splashing in the energy storage box, but also the by-products of thermal runaway can be directed out of the energy storage box, reducing the impact on other battery packs when a single battery pack undergoes thermal runaway, reducing the occurrence probability of thermal runaway cascading, and improving the safety of the containerized energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic front view of a battery cluster in a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic side view of a battery cluster in a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic top view of a battery cluster in a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a battery cluster in a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic explosion structure view of a battery cluster in a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of part A in

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic explosion structure view of an explosion venting structure in a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 isFigure 8 Enlarged view of part B;

[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery pack in a containerized energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 10. Containerized energy storage device;

[0031] 1. Energy storage box; 101. Battery compartment;

[0032] 2. Battery cluster;

[0033] 21. Battery pack; 211. Explosion vent valve; 212. Containment box; 213. Battery cell;

[0034] 22. Explosion vent structure; 221. Explosion vent channel; 2211. Inlet; 2212. Outlet; 222. Boss; 2221. Receiving cavity; 223. First housing; 2231. First bottom plate; 2232. First side plate; 224. Second housing; 2241. Second bottom plate; 2242. Second side plate; 2243. Extension plate;

[0035] 3. Support frame; 31. Column; 32. Cross bar; 33. Partition. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation manners described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise stated, the orientation words such as "upper" and "lower" usually refer to the upper and lower in the actual use or working state of the device, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; and "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0038] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] The term "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements that are inherent to such process, method, article, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, words such as "example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, explanations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "for example" or "example" in the embodiments of this application is not to be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than another embodiment or design. The use of words such as "example" or "for example" is intended to present relative concepts in a clear manner.

[0042] To facilitate the understanding of the solution of this application, the spline curves and arrows used for the reference numerals in the drawings are described herein: For the components indicated by the spline curves without arrows, they are physical components, that is, components with a physical structure; for the components indicated by the spline curves with arrows, they are virtual components, that is, components without a physical structure.

[0043] To improve the problem of thermal runaway of the containerized energy storage device, please refer to Figure 1, embodiments of the present application provide a containerized energy storage device 10, which is usually also referred to as an energy storage container. The containerized energy storage device 10 integrates a large number of batteries, such as battery packs, so that the containerized energy storage device 10 can store electrical energy on a large scale. As an example, the maximum energy storage capacity of the containerized energy storage device 10 can reach more than 4 MWh, such as 4 MWh, 5 MWh or 6 MWh. It should be noted here that the containerized energy storage device 10 can store electrical energy and also supply electrical energy. As an example, the containerized energy storage device 10 is connected to the power grid to store the electrical energy output by the power plant, where the electrical energy includes but is not limited to at least one of wind energy, hydropower energy, thermal power energy, nuclear power energy, tidal power energy and photovoltaic energy. As an example, the containerized energy storage device 10 is connected to the electrical equipment to supply power to the electrical equipment, where the electrical equipment includes but is not limited to at least one of vehicles, ships and spacecrafts. The vehicle can be a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be but is not limited to at least one of a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle and an extended-range vehicle. The setting of the containerized energy storage device 10 can effectively broaden the application scenarios of the battery. As an example, the containerized energy storage device 10 can provide charging services for new energy vehicles in remote areas without power grid coverage or with a small number of charging piles, promoting the popularization of new energy vehicles.

[0044] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 , the containerized energy storage device 10 includes an energy storage box 1. The energy storage box 1 refers to a box structure with an accommodating cavity. As an example, the energy storage box 1 is a 20-foot standard container. The energy storage box 1 serves as the housing of the containerized energy storage device 10. In some embodiments, the energy storage box 1 is a steel box to ensure that the containerized energy storage device 10 has explosion-proof, fire-proof and anti-corrosion properties.

[0045] The containerized energy storage device 10 further includes a battery cluster 2. The battery cluster 2 is an energy storage unit in the containerized energy storage device 10. The battery cluster 2 is arranged in the energy storage box 1, and the energy storage box 1 carries and protects the battery cluster 2. The number of battery clusters 2 is at least one. As an example, please refer to Figure 1 , the number of battery clusters 2 is multiple, specifically 4 battery clusters 2, and the 4 battery clusters 2 are arranged at intervals in the energy storage box 1. Here, multiple means two or more.

[0046] Specifically, a single battery cluster 2 includes a plurality of battery packs 21, and the plurality of battery packs 21 are connected together in a series, parallel, or series-parallel connection manner. A pressure relief valve 211 is provided on each single battery pack 21, and the number of pressure relief valves 211 can be one or more. Optionally, the pressure relief valve 211 is a one-way valve that only allows substances in the battery pack 21 to flow out of the battery pack 21 unidirectionally through the pressure relief valve 211. For example, in the case of thermal runaway of the battery pack 21, it allows the by-products of thermal runaway (i.e., high-temperature fluid, including combustible gas and / or chemical solution, etc.) in the battery pack 21 to flow out of the battery pack 21 through the pressure relief valve 211. Generally, the pressure relief valve 211 is only conductive when the pressure in the battery pack 21 reaches a specific value, and remains normally closed when the pressure in the battery pack 21 is less than the specific value. Optionally, the plurality of battery packs 21 in the battery cluster 2 are arranged in alignment so that the pressure relief valves 211 on each battery pack 21 correspond to each other. Exemplarily, please refer to Figures 2 to 7 , the battery cluster 2 includes 8 battery packs 21, and the 8 battery packs 21 are arranged in alignment along the longitudinal direction in the figure. There are 2 pressure relief valves 211 arranged on the left and right of each battery pack 21, and the pressure relief valves 211 of each battery pack 21 are correspondingly arranged.

[0047] In addition, a single battery cluster 2 further includes a pressure relief structure 22, and the pressure relief structure 22 is configured to cooperate with the pressure relief valve 211. The number of pressure relief structures 22 in a single battery cluster 2 can be one or more. Optionally, the number of pressure relief structures 22 is equal to the number of pressure relief valves 211 on each single battery pack 21. Specifically, a pressure relief channel 221 is formed in the pressure relief structure 22. The pressure relief channel 221 has an inlet 2211 and an outlet 2212. The inlet 2211 is used for the by-products of thermal runaway released by the pressure relief valve 211 to enter the pressure relief channel 221, the pressure relief channel 221 is used to guide the by-products of thermal runaway to flow from the inlet 2211 to the outlet 2212, and the outlet 2212 is used for the by-products of thermal runaway to discharge out of the pressure relief channel 221. The pressure relief structure 22 can be an integrally formed independent structure or an assembled structure formed by assembling a plurality of components together.

[0048] More specifically, the outlet 2212 is arranged to lead to the outside of the energy storage box 1, so that the pressure relief channel 221 can discharge the by-products of thermal runaway to the outside of the energy storage box 1 through the outlet 2212. As an example, the number of outlets 2212 is 1, and the pressure relief structure 22 is a structure with one end closed and one end open. One end of the pressure relief structure 22 is formed as the outlet 2212, so as to ensure that the pressure relief structure 22 performs directional pressure relief. Of course, in other examples, the pressure relief structure 22 can also be a structure with both ends open, and in this case, the number of outlets 2212 is 2. In another example, the number of outlets 2212 can even be set to more than 2.

[0049] Since the number of battery packs 21 in a single battery cluster 2 is multiple, the number of explosion relief valves 211 is also multiple, and thus the number of inlets 2211 is multiple. The three "multiple" in this sentence include the case where the quantities are equal and the case where the quantities are not equal. More specifically, the inlets 2211 are in one-to-one correspondence and communication with the explosion relief valves 211, so that the thermal runaway by-products released by each explosion relief valve 211 can enter the explosion relief channel 221 through the corresponding inlet 2211 and be discharged from the energy storage box 1 through the outlet 2212.

[0050] Exemplarily, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the battery cluster 2 includes M battery packs 21 arranged in alignment along the first direction. For ease of understanding, the height direction of the battery cluster 2 in Figure 6 is taken as the first direction. N explosion relief valves 211 are provided on a single battery pack 21, so the total number of explosion relief valves 211 in the battery cluster 2 is (M×N). The explosion relief valves 211 in the battery cluster 2 are divided into L groups, and the explosion relief valves 211 within each group are arranged in alignment along the first direction, that is, the connection lines of the explosion relief valves 211 in each group of explosion relief valves 211 are in the first direction. If only one explosion relief valve 211 is provided on a single battery pack 21, then each group of explosion relief valves 211 includes M explosion relief valves 211, and L is equal to N; if multiple explosion relief valves 211 are provided on a single battery pack 21, but no two of the multiple explosion relief valves 211 have a connection line in the first direction, then each group of explosion relief valves 211 includes M explosion relief valves 211, and L is equal to N; if there are two of the multiple explosion relief valves 211 whose connection lines are in the first direction, then the number of explosion relief valves 211 in each group of explosion relief valves 211 is greater than M, and L is less than N. The number of explosion relief structures 22 is L, that is, the number of explosion relief structures 22 is consistent with the number of groups of explosion relief valves 211, and the explosion relief structures 22 also extend along the first direction, so that each group of explosion relief valves 211 corresponds to one explosion relief structure 22. The number of inlets 2211 opened on a single explosion relief structure 22 is equal to the number of explosion relief valves 211 in a single group of explosion relief valves 211. If each group of explosion relief valves 211 includes M explosion relief valves 211, then the number of inlets 2211 opened on a single explosion relief structure 22 is M, and the total number of inlets 2211 in the battery cluster 2 is maintained at (M×N) to achieve one-to-one correspondence and communication between the inlets 2211 and the explosion relief valves 211. Here, M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. When N is equal to 1, the total number of battery packs 21 is equal to the total number of explosion relief valves 211 and the total number of inlets 2211. When N is not equal to 1, the total number of explosion relief valves 211 is equal to the total number of inlets 2211, but not equal to the total number of battery packs 21. Taking the battery cluster 2 in Figure 6 as an example for illustration, it can be seen from the figure that M is 8, N is 2, and L is also 2.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the containerized energy storage device 10 is provided with a venting structure 22 for the battery packs 21 of the battery cluster 2 in the energy storage box 1. The vent valve 211 on the battery pack 21 is communicated with the venting channel 221 in the venting structure 22 through the inlet 2211 of the venting channel 221. In this way, when a single battery pack 21 undergoes thermal runaway, the by-products of thermal runaway ejected by the vent valve 211 flow into the venting channel 221 through the inlet 2211, and then flow out of the energy storage box 1 through the outlet 2212 of the venting channel 221. In this way, not only can the by-products of thermal runaway be prevented from splashing in the energy storage box 1, but also the by-products of thermal runaway can be directed out of the energy storage box 1, reducing the impact of a single battery pack 21 undergoing thermal runaway on other battery packs 21, reducing the occurrence probability of thermal runaway cascading, and improving the safety of the containerized energy storage device 10.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 , the inlet 2211 is opened on the side wall of the venting structure 22, and the outlet 2212 is located at the end of the venting structure 22. Since the number of inlets 2211 on the venting structure 22 is multiple, by arranging the inlets 2211 on the side wall of the venting structure 22, it is not only beneficial to the layout of the inlets 2211, but also beneficial to the docking of the inlets 2211 with the vent valve 211; and since the outlet 2212 needs to be arranged outside the energy storage box 1, by arranging the outlet 2212 at the end of the venting structure 22, the outlet 2212 can lead to the outside of the energy storage box 1 by extending the end of the venting structure 22 out of the energy storage box 1, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing difficulty and assembly difficulty of the venting structure 22. Optionally, the multiple inlets 2211 are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the venting structure 22. Optionally, the outlet 2212 is arranged only at the end of one end of the venting structure 22, and the other end is closed.

[0053] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 7 to 9, a boss 222 is provided on the side wall of the explosion venting structure 22. The boss 222 is formed by the outward protrusion of the side wall of the explosion venting structure 22 (i.e., the side wall of the explosion venting channel 221). The inside of the boss 222 is hollow. Specifically, a receiving cavity 2221 is formed inside the boss 222. The receiving cavity 2221 communicates with the explosion venting channel 221. The inlet 2211 is located on the boss 222, and the receiving cavity 2221 is used to accommodate the explosion venting valve 211. In this way, the explosion venting valve 211 on the battery pack 21 can extend into the receiving cavity 2221 through the inlet 2211 and be accommodated in the receiving cavity 2221. The receiving cavity 2221 communicates with the explosion venting channel 221. When the explosion venting valve 211 releases the by-products of thermal runaway, the by-products of thermal runaway can smoothly enter the explosion venting channel 221, and the inlet 2211 and the receiving cavity 2221 can position-limit the explosion venting valve 211, reducing the risk of the leakage of the by-products of thermal runaway caused by the misalignment between the explosion venting valve 211 and the inlet 2211. In addition, the provision of the boss 222 can shorten the distance between the explosion venting structure 22 and the battery pack 21, facilitating the docking and connection between the explosion venting valve 211 and the inlet 2211. Optionally, the number of bosses 222 on the explosion venting structure 22 is multiple. The multiple bosses 222 are arranged at intervals, and the number of bosses 222 is equal to the number of inlets 2211 on the explosion venting structure 22. The bosses 222 and the inlets 2211 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, that is, one inlet 2211 is provided on one boss 222.

[0054] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 7 to 9, the explosion venting structure 22 includes a first housing 223 and a plurality of second housings 224. The number of the first housings 223 is one, and the number of the second housings 224 is plural. Since the number of inlets 2211 on the explosion venting structure 22 is plural, specifically, the plural inlets 2211 are respectively formed on the plural second housings 224, that is, one inlet 2211 is formed on one second housing 224. When a boss 222 is provided on the explosion venting structure 22, the plural bosses 222 are respectively provided on the plural second housings 224, and the bosses 222 and the inlets 2211 are provided in one-to-one correspondence, that is, one boss 222 is formed on one second housing 224, and one inlet 2211 is provided on one boss 222. Further, at least one of the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 defines a groove, and the plural second housings 224 are sequentially arranged end to end on the first housing 223 and jointly define an explosion venting channel 221 with the first housing 223. As an example, the first housing 223 is of a U-shaped structure, the first housing 223 defines a groove, the first housing 223 has a side opening, the second housing 224 is flat, and the plural second housings 224 are sequentially arranged end to end on the first housing 223 and cover the side opening of the first housing 223, so that the groove on the first housing 223 forms the explosion venting channel 221. In other examples, it may also be that the second housing 224 is of a U-shaped structure, the second housing 224 defines a groove, and the first housing 223 is flat. Or in other examples, both the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 are of U-shaped structures. By arranging the explosion venting structure 22 as an assembled structure formed by assembling the above one first housing 223 and the plural second housings 224 together, the manufacturing difficulty of the explosion venting structure 22 can be reduced. Optionally, both the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 are elongated, but the length of the first housing 223 is longer than the length of the second housing 224. Both the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 are sheet metal parts. It should be noted here that the first housing 223 is connected to the second housing 224, and there may be some small gaps between the first housing 223 and the second housing 224, as long as these gaps do not affect the guiding of the by-products of thermal runaway by the explosion venting channel 221; if the gaps are too large and cause a large amount of by-products of thermal runaway to flow out of the explosion venting channel 221 from the gaps and cause thermal runaway of other battery packs 21, it is considered that these gaps affect the guiding of the by-products of thermal runaway by the explosion venting channel 221, and such gaps are unacceptable.

[0055] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 7 to 9, the first housing 223 is in a U-shaped structure, that is, the first housing 223 is U-shaped. The first housing 223 includes a first bottom plate 2231 and first side plates 2232 that are integrally provided. The number of the first side plates 2232 is two, and the two first side plates 2232 are spaced apart on both sides of the first bottom plate 2231. In this way, the first bottom plate 2231 and the two first side plates 2232 define a groove of the first housing 223, and the ends of the two first side plates 2232 away from the first bottom plate 2231 jointly define a side opening of the first housing 223. Similarly, the second housing 224 is also in a U-shaped structure, that is, the second housing 224 is U-shaped. The second housing 224 includes a second bottom plate 2241 and second side plates 2242 that are integrally provided. The number of the second side plates 2242 is two, and the two second side plates 2242 are spaced apart on both sides of the second bottom plate 2241. In this way, the second bottom plate 2241 and the two second side plates 2242 define a groove of the second housing 224, and the ends of the two second side plates 2242 away from the second bottom plate 2241 jointly define a side opening of the second housing 224. When the inlet 2211 is opened on the second housing 224, specifically, the inlet 2211 is located on the second bottom plate 2241. When the boss 222 is provided on the explosion relief structure 22, the boss 222 is provided on the second bottom plate 2241. The first housing 223 and the second housing 224 are arranged facing each other, that is, the side opening of the first housing 223 faces the second housing 224, and the side opening of the second housing 224 faces the first housing 223. At the same time, the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 are nested and matched, that is, at least a part of one of the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 is located in the groove of the other. As an example, the first side plate 2232 of the first housing 223 extends into the groove of the second housing 224, or the second side plate 2242 of the second housing 224 extends into the groove of the first housing 223. By arranging the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 facing each other and nesting and matching, the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 jointly define an explosion relief channel 221. The first side plate 2232 and the second side plate 2242 are connected, so as to connect the first housing 223 and the second housing 224 together and ensure the stability of the explosion relief structure 22. Optionally, the first side plate 2232 and the second side plate 2242 are detachably connected. For example, the two are threadedly connected by a threaded fastener. In other embodiments, the first side plate 2232 and the second side plate 2242 may also be integrally provided. For example, the two are welded together.

[0056] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9, the second housing 224 further includes an extension plate 2243. The extension plate 2243 is located at one end of the second bottom plate 2241, and the extension plate 2243 is integrally provided with the second bottom plate 2241. The extension plate 2243 is used to extend into the explosion venting channel 221, and the extension plate 2243 also abuts against the second bottom plate 2241 of another adjacent second housing 224. That is to say, there is at least a partial overlapping area between two adjacent second housings 224. This overlapping area is the partial overlap of the extension plate 2243 of one of the second housings 224 with at least a part of the second bottom plate 2241 of another second housing 224. Since a plurality of second housings 224 are sequentially arranged on the first housing 223, the head and tail of two adjacent second housings 224 correspond to each other. The extension plate 2243 can cover the gap between the head and tail of two adjacent second housings 224, reducing the risk of by-products of thermal runaway spilling out of the explosion venting channel 221. Optionally, the extension plate 2243 is a folded plate, and the extension plate 2243 is bent toward one side of the second bottom plate 2241, specifically the side where the second side plate 2242 is located.

[0057] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , a support frame 3 is further provided in the energy storage box 1. The battery pack 21 and the explosion venting structure 22 are both arranged on the support frame 3. Specifically, the support frame 3 includes columns 31 and crossbars 32. The columns 31 are erected in the energy storage box 1, and the crossbars 32 are fixedly connected to the columns 31 and extend transversely relative to the columns 31. Generally, the number of columns 31 and crossbars 32 is multiple, and a plurality of columns 31 and a plurality of crossbars 32 are fixedly connected in a crisscross manner. Among them, the battery pack 21 is supported on the crossbars 32, and the crossbars 32 are used to carry the battery pack 21 to prevent the battery packs 21 from being stacked together and causing extrusion. Optionally, the explosion venting structure 22 is fixed on the columns 31, and the columns 31 are used to fix and limit the explosion venting structure 22. Exemplarily, the explosion venting structure 22 and the columns 31 are integrally formed. Optionally, the support frame 3 further includes mounting side plates, and the explosion venting structure 22 is arranged on the mounting side plates, and the mounting side plates are used to fix the explosion venting structure 22. Here, the mounting side plates can be mounted and fixed on the columns 31 or on the crossbars 32. Exemplarily, the mounting side plates include partition plates 33.

[0058] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1, the number of battery clusters 2 is multiple, and the multiple battery clusters 2 are arranged at intervals in the energy storage box 1. Optionally, the support frame 3 further includes a partition 33, and the partition 33 is arranged on the column 31. Generally, the number of partitions 33 is also multiple, and the partition 33 divides the interior of the energy storage box 1 into multiple independent battery compartments 101, and one such battery cluster 2 is provided in each battery compartment 101. By using the partition 33 to physically isolate the interior space of the energy storage box 1 into multiple independent battery compartments 101, and setting the battery pack 21 in the battery compartment 101 with one cluster as a unit, the battery clusters 2 are isolated from each other by the partition 33, realizing inter-cluster isolation. In this way, different battery clusters 2 do not communicate with each other, effectively blocking the spread of thermal runaway and reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of the entire containerized energy storage device 10 caused by the induced chain reaction of thermal runaway between battery clusters 2. Optionally, the partition 33 is a metal plate, such as a steel plate.

[0059] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 10 , the battery pack 21 includes a containing box 212 and multiple battery cells 213. The battery cells 213 are also called battery monomers, and the battery cells 213 are the basic units for realizing the mutual conversion of chemical energy and electrical energy. The battery cells 213 are usually composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, an electrolyte, a battery cover, a pole post, etc. The battery cells 213 are located in the containing box 212. As an example, the multiple battery cells 213 are arranged neatly in the containing box 212, and the battery cells 213 are connected together in a series, parallel or series-parallel connection manner. The explosion relief valve 211 is arranged on the containing box 212, and the explosion relief valve 211 is a one-way valve, which only allows the substances in the containing box 212 to conduct unidirectionally to the outside of the containing box 212. In this way, it can prevent the by-products of thermal runaway flowing into the explosion relief channel 221 when one battery pack 21 has a thermal runaway from flowing into the containing box 212 of other battery packs 21 through the explosion relief valve 211, improving the safety of the containerized energy storage device 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, the containerized energy storage device 10 further includes a cooling device (not shown in the figure). Optionally, the cooling device is a liquid cooling device, such as a water cooling device or an oil cooling device.

[0061] The above has introduced the embodiments of the present application in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A containerized energy storage device, characterized in that: include: An energy storage box is provided with at least one battery cluster, the battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs, each of the battery packs is provided with an explosion relief valve, the battery cluster also includes an explosion relief structure, an explosion relief channel is formed in the explosion relief structure, the explosion relief channel has an inlet and an outlet, the number of the inlets is multiple, the inlets are connected to the explosion relief valves one by one, and the outlet leads to the outside of the energy storage box.

2. The container-type energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet is opened on the side wall of the explosion relief structure, and the outlet is located at the end of the explosion relief structure.

3. The container-type energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the explosion relief structure is provided with a boss protruding outward, a receiving cavity communicated with the explosion relief channel is formed inside the boss, the inlet is located on the boss, and the explosion relief valve is accommodated in the receiving cavity.

4. The container-type energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion relief structure includes a first shell and multiple second shells, the multiple inlets are opened on the multiple second shells one by one, at least one of the first shell and the second shell defines a groove, and the multiple second shells are arranged on the first shell in sequence end to end and define the explosion relief channel with the first shell.

5. The container-type energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first shell is U-shaped, and the first shell includes a first bottom plate and a first side plate which are integrally arranged, and the number of the first side plates is two and they are spaced apart on both sides of the first bottom plate; the second shell is U-shaped, and the second shell includes a second bottom plate and a second side plate which are integrally arranged, and the number of the second side plates is two and they are spaced apart on both sides of the second bottom plate; the first shell and the second shell are arranged facing each other and nested, the first side plate is connected to the second side plate, and the entrance is located on the second bottom plate.

6. The container-type energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second shell further includes an extension plate integrally arranged at one end of the second bottom plate, wherein the extension plate is used to extend into the explosion relief channel and abut against the second bottom plate of another adjacently arranged second shell.

7. The container-type energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A support frame is arranged in the energy storage box, and the battery pack and the explosion relief structure are arranged on the support frame.

8. The container-type energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support frame includes fixedly connected columns and cross bars, the columns and the cross bars are crisscrossed, the battery pack is supported on the cross bars, the explosion relief structure is fixed on the columns, or the explosion relief structure and the columns are integrally formed, or the support frame also includes a mounting side plate, and the explosion relief structure is arranged on the mounting side plate.

9. The container-type energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are multiple battery clusters, and the support frame also includes a partition arranged on the column, and the partition divides the interior of the energy storage box into multiple independent battery compartments, and each battery compartment is equipped with one battery cluster.

10. The container-type energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The battery pack includes a containing box and a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells are located in the containing box, the explosion relief valve is arranged on the containing box, the explosion relief valve is a one-way valve that allows the material in the containing box to be unidirectionally conducted to the outside of the containing box; and / or, the battery cluster includes M battery packs aligned along a first direction, a single battery pack is provided with N explosion relief valves, the explosion relief valves in the battery cluster are divided into L groups, the explosion relief valves in each group are aligned along the first direction, the number of the explosion relief structures is L, the number of the inlets on a single explosion relief structure is equal to the number of the explosion relief valves in a single group of the explosion relief valves, the explosion relief structure also extends along the first direction, each group of the explosion relief valves corresponds to one explosion relief structure, M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

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