Rhizome crop harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tuber crop harvester which comprises a machine frame, the machine frame is a supporting mechanism of the harvester, and the machine frame is connected with a rear suspension system of a tractor through a three-point suspension device. A vibration bionic digging mechanism, a power and transmission mechanism, a vibration lifting mechanism, a secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removing mechanism and a walking mechanism are sequentially arranged on the machine frame from front to back. According to the rhizome crop harvester, feature forms of the head and the dorsal fins of the mullet are extracted for simulation, numerical simulation is conducted on motion of the head and the dorsal fins of the mullet through a CFD method, a guide line curvilinear equation of a bionic digging shovel is obtained, a contour curve of the bionic digging shovel is obtained through curve fitting, and the bionic digging shovel is designed; the bionic digging shovel plays a good role in diversion and drainage of crushed soil, resistance concentration in the digging process is reduced, and the soil crushing rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a root and tuber crop harvester. Background Art

[0002] The existing root crop harvesters in my country are mainly composed of a vibrating excavation mechanism and a vibrating conveyor chain, and the crops are picked up and collected manually after being caught.

[0003] Existing harvesting devices have problems such as large resistance of the excavation mechanism to entering the soil, easy wear of the shovel tip, and high power consumption. The vibrating conveying chain mechanism has a high damage rate for root crops due to vibration and shaking. When the soil moisture content is high, the root and soil are not separated completely, secondary burial occurs, and the net harvest rate is low. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a root crop harvester, which can complete the work of digging, cleaning and weeding the root crops at one time through the arrangement of multiple structures, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a root crop harvester, comprising a frame, which is a supporting mechanism of the harvester, and is connected to a rear suspension system of a tractor through a three-point suspension device. The frame is provided with a vibrating bionic excavation mechanism, a power and transmission mechanism, a vibrating lifting mechanism, a secondary vibrating cleaning and impurity removal mechanism, and a walking mechanism from front to back. The vibrating bionic excavation mechanism is provided with a bionic excavating shovel, and the CFD method is used to numerically simulate the movement of a pike head and a dorsal fin to obtain the contour curve of the bionic excavating shovel, thereby reducing the excavation resistance.

[0006] Preferably, the vibrating bionic excavation mechanism includes an excavating shovel mounting plate, both ends of which are mounted on the surface of a frame, a bionic excavating shovel is provided on the upper surface of the excavating shovel mounting plate, guide rods are respectively provided on both sides of the bionic excavating shovel, and the guide rods are rotated by side rollers, and the side rollers of the guide rods are connected to the power and transmission mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the power and transmission mechanism includes a drive gearbox, which is connected to the tractor power output shaft, and the drive gearbox is connected to a gearbox output shaft, and the driven gearbox is fixedly mounted on the frame surface, one side of the gearbox output shaft is connected to the vibrating lifting mechanism through a pulley transmission, and the other side of the gearbox output shaft transmits power to the second output shaft through a sprocket, and a group of bevel gears are respectively arranged on both sides of the second output shaft, and the second output shaft transmits power to the vibrating bionic excavation mechanism through the bevel gears, the gearbox output shaft is connected to the third output shaft through a pulley, eccentric wheels are installed on both sides of the third output shaft, and the third output shaft is connected to the secondary vibrating cleaning and impurity removing mechanism through the eccentric wheel, the gearbox output shaft is connected to the fourth transmission shaft through a pulley transmission, sprockets are installed on both sides of the fourth transmission shaft, and the fourth transmission shaft is connected to the vibrating lifting mechanism through a sprocket.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a multi-stage output shaft is set up by utilizing the power and transmission mechanism to drive various parts of the harvester to move respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the vibrating lifting mechanism is installed on the rear side of the vibrating bionic excavation mechanism, and the vibrating lifting mechanism is connected to the frame, the vibrating lifting mechanism includes a lifting chain, the head of the lifting chain is lower than the end of the bionic excavation shovel, the end of the lifting chain forms an angle of 30-35° with the horizontal plane, and a triangular vibration plate is installed in the middle part of the lifting chain, the triangular vibration plate is connected to the fourth transmission shaft through a sprocket chain, and the vibrating lifting mechanism is connected to the fourth transmission shaft through a transmission sprocket.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the root crops excavated by the vibration bionic excavation mechanism can be transported and separated from the soil using the vibration lifting mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism is installed on the lower rear side of the vibration lifting mechanism, and the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism is connected to the frame, the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism includes a layer of vibrating screen, and a second layer of vibrating screen is connected below the first layer of vibrating screen, and connecting rod one and connecting rod two are hinged at both ends of the first layer of vibrating screen, the other end of connecting rod one is hinged to the frame, the other end of connecting rod two is hinged to connecting rod three, and the other end of connecting rod three is hinged to a rocker arm, and the rocker arm is hinged to the eccentric wheels on both sides of the third output shaft, and the motion angle between connecting rod two and connecting rod three is 133.6°-145.3°.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the root crops can be cleaned and removed again by using the secondary vibration cleaning and removing mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the traveling mechanism is connected to the frame through a square tube, and the traveling mechanism is installed below the frame.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the device can be driven to move by utilizing the walking mechanism.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the root crop harvester:

[0016] 1. In this device, the characteristic morphology of the head and dorsal fin of the pike is extracted for bionics, and the movement of the head and dorsal fin of the pike is numerically simulated using the CFD method to obtain the guide line curve equation of the bionic excavation shovel, and the contour curve of the bionic excavation shovel is obtained by curve fitting to design the bionic excavation shovel. The bionic excavation shovel plays a good role in diverting and draining the broken soil, reducing the resistance concentration during the excavation process and improving the soil crushing rate;

[0017] 2. This device is provided with a vibrating lifting mechanism which is at an angle of 30-35° to the horizontal ground. The head end of the vibrating lifting mechanism is lower than the end of the bionic excavating shovel, and the end of the vibrating lifting mechanism is aligned with the secondary vibrating cleaning and debris removal mechanism. The vibrating lifting mechanism utilizes a triangular vibrating plate to realize vibration, and at the same time, transports the excavated rhizomes and realizes root-soil separation. In conjunction with the reciprocating secondary vibrating cleaning and debris removal mechanism, it can complete the excavation, cleaning and debris removal, and recycling work at one time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the bionic excavating shovel of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the vibrating lifting mechanism of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the triangular turntable of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the secondary vibration cleaning, impurity removal and recovery mechanism of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Vibration bionic excavation mechanism; 101. Excavation shovel mounting plate; 102. Bionic excavation shovel; 103. Guide rod; 2. Frame; 3. Power and transmission mechanism; 301. Gearbox output shaft; 302. Second output shaft; 303. Third output shaft; 304. Fourth transmission shaft; 305. Drive gearbox; 4. Vibration lifting mechanism; 401. Lifting chain; 402. Triangular vibration plate; 403. Drive sprocket; 5. Secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism; 501. First-layer vibration screen; 502. Second-layer vibration screen; 503. Connecting rod one; 504. Connecting rod two; 505. Connecting rod three; 506. Rocker arm; 6. Walking mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] See also Figure 1-6 The utility model provides a technical solution: a root crop harvester, including a vibrating bionic excavation mechanism 1, an excavation shovel mounting plate 101, a bionic excavation shovel 102, a guide rod 103, a frame 2, a power and transmission mechanism 3, a gearbox output shaft 301, a second output shaft 302, a third output shaft 303, a fourth transmission shaft 304, a drive gearbox 305, a vibrating lifting mechanism 4, a lifting chain 401, a triangular vibrating disk 402, a transmission sprocket 403, a secondary vibrating cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5, a first layer of vibrating screen 501, a second layer of vibrating screen 502, a connecting rod 1 503, a connecting rod 2 504, a connecting rod 3 505, a rocker arm 506, and a walking mechanism 6.

[0027] The frame 2 is a supporting mechanism of the harvester. The frame 2 is connected to the rear suspension system of the tractor through a three-point suspension device. The frame 2 is provided with a vibration bionic excavation mechanism 1, a power and transmission mechanism 3, a vibration lifting mechanism 4, a secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5 and a walking mechanism 6 from front to back. The walking mechanism 6 is connected to the frame 2 through a square tube, and the walking mechanism 6 is installed below the frame 2.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the frame 2 is connected to the rear suspension system of the tractor by a three-point suspension device, and the power output shaft of the tractor is connected to the harvester drive gearbox 305 for power transmission. The walking mechanism 6 is used to realize the walking of the device, and the vibration bionic excavation mechanism 1 and the vibration lifting mechanism 4 are used together to complete the root and tuber crop harvesting and the initial root-soil separation operation.

[0029] The power and transmission mechanism 3 includes a drive gearbox 305, which is connected to the tractor power output shaft, and the drive gearbox 305 is connected to a gearbox output shaft 301. The driven gearbox 305 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the frame 2. One side of the gearbox output shaft 301 is connected to the vibration lifting mechanism 4 through a pulley transmission, and the other side of the gearbox output shaft 301 transmits power to the second output shaft 302 through a sprocket. A group of bevel gears are respectively arranged on both sides of the second output shaft 302, and the second output shaft 302 transmits power to the vibration bionic excavation mechanism 1 through the bevel gears. The gearbox output shaft 301 is connected to the third output shaft 303 through a pulley, and eccentric wheels are installed on both sides of the third output shaft 303. The third output shaft 303 is connected to the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5 through the eccentric wheel. The gearbox output shaft 301 is connected to the fourth transmission shaft 304 through a pulley transmission, and sprockets are installed on both sides of the fourth transmission shaft 304. The fourth transmission shaft 304 is connected to the vibration lifting mechanism 4 through a sprocket.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the drive gearbox 305 is connected to the tractor power output shaft, and the tractor is used to drive the drive gearbox 305 to move, so that the drive gearbox 305 drives the gearbox output shaft 301, the second output shaft 302, the third output shaft 303 and the fourth transmission shaft 304 to rotate, and through each output shaft, the various mechanisms of the receiver are driven to move, thereby realizing the harvesting process of root crops.

[0031] The vibration bionic excavation mechanism 1 includes an excavation shovel mounting plate 101, both ends of which are mounted on the surface of the frame 2, a bionic excavation shovel 102 is arranged on the upper surface of the excavation shovel mounting plate 101, guide rods 103 are arranged on both sides of the bionic excavation shovel 102, the guide rods 103 are rotated by side rollers, and the side rollers of the guide rods 103 are connected to the power and transmission mechanism 3;

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the tractor moves forward, the three-point suspension position on the frame 2 and the height of the walking mechanism 6 and the ground are adjusted to adjust the soil penetration angle and depth of the bionic digging shovel 102, and the bionic digging shovel 102 digs the root crops in the soil. The excavated root crops and soil fall together on the surface of the vibrating lifting mechanism 4 for transportation and subsequent separation. The bionic digging shovel 102 is a bionic ecology of the movement of the head and dorsal fin of the pike. The movement of the head and dorsal fin of the pike is numerically simulated using the CFD method, and the guide line curve equation is: 1 =(0.0598-0.08x 1 +0.15x 1 2 +0.0056x1 3 ) and y 2 =(0.027-0.0079x 2 +0.224x 2 2 +0.+0.0029x 2 3 ), calculate and fit the contour curve of the bionic excavating shovel 102, thereby obtaining the bionic excavating shovel 102. The fitted contour curve can play a good role in diverting and draining the broken soil, reduce resistance concentration, improve soil crushing rate, and increase excavation efficiency.

[0033] The vibration lifting mechanism 4 is installed on the rear side of the vibration bionic excavation mechanism 1, and the vibration lifting mechanism 4 is connected to the frame 2. The vibration lifting mechanism 4 includes a lifting chain 401. The head of the lifting chain 401 is lower than the end of the bionic excavation shovel 102. The end of the lifting chain 401 forms an angle of 30-35° with the horizontal plane. A triangular vibration plate 402 is installed in the middle part of the lifting chain 401. The triangular vibration plate 402 is connected to the fourth transmission shaft 304 through a sprocket chain. The vibration lifting mechanism 4 is connected to the fourth transmission shaft 304 through a transmission sprocket 403.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the excavated root crops and soil fall onto the surface of the lifting chain 401 of the vibrating lifting mechanism 4, the transmission sprocket 403 of the vibrating lifting mechanism 4 rotates under the action of the fourth transmission shaft 304, and the rotating transmission sprocket 403 drives the lifting chain 401 to move, thereby transporting the root crops and soil to the end of the lifting chain 401. When the root crops and soil are being transported, the lifting chain 401 vibrates under the action of the rotating triangular vibration plate 402, so that the root crops and soil are initially separated, and the root crops fall along the lifting chain 401 to the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5 for further impurity removal.

[0035] The secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5 is installed at the lower rear side of the vibration lifting mechanism 4, and the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5 is connected to the frame 2. The secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5 includes a layer of vibrating screen 501, and a second layer of vibrating screen 502 is connected below the first layer of vibrating screen 501. The two ends of the first layer of vibrating screen 501 are respectively hinged with a connecting rod 1 503 and a connecting rod 2 504, the other end of the connecting rod 1 503 is hinged to the frame 2, the other end of the connecting rod 2 504 is hinged to the connecting rod 3 505, and the other end of the connecting rod 3 505 is hinged to a rocker arm 506, and the rocker arm 506 is hinged to the eccentric wheels on both sides of the third output shaft 303. The motion angle between the connecting rod 2 504 and the connecting rod 3 505 is 133.6°-145.3°;

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, when the root and tuber crops after one cleaning fall onto the surface of the first layer of vibration screen 501, the eccentric wheel on the surface of the third output shaft 303 rotates, and the eccentric wheel is hinged to the rocker arm 506. Therefore, the rotating eccentric wheel drives the rocker arm 506 to rotate. Since the rocker arm 506 is hinged to the connecting rod 3 505, and the other end of the connecting rod 3 505 is hinged to the connecting rod 2 504, and the other end of the connecting rod 2 504 is hinged to the first layer of vibration screen 501, and the other side of the first layer of vibration screen 501 is hinged to the connecting rod 1 503, and the connecting rod 1 503 is hinged to the frame 2, during the rotation of the rocker arm 506, the first layer of vibration screen 501 and the second layer of vibration screen 502 are driven to reciprocate back and forth and up and down, so as to perform secondary screening of the root and tuber crops.

[0037] Working principle: When using the root crop harvester, the power output shaft of the tractor and the drive gearbox 305 in the harvester power and transmission mechanism 3 are used to transmit power to drive the vibration bionic excavation mechanism 1 and the vibration lifting mechanism 4 to complete the root crop harvesting and the initial root soil separation operation. When the tractor moves forward, by adjusting the suspension position and the ground wheel height, the bionic excavation shovel 102 is adjusted to enter the soil angle and depth, and the harvested root crops are thrown to the surface of the lifting chain 401 through the rotation of the vibration lifting mechanism 4. Through the bottom-to-top movement of the vibration lifting mechanism 4, the root and soil separation is completed, and the root crops are transported to the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5. The secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5 is rotated by the eccentric wheel installed on the third output shaft 303 to simulate the movement of the human elbow joint, and realize the up and down and front and back reciprocating movement of the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism 5. The one-time completion of excavation, root soil separation and impurity removal, and recycling increases the overall practicality.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A root crop harvester, comprising a frame (2), the frame (2) being a supporting mechanism of the harvester, the frame (2) being connected to a rear suspension system of a tractor via a three-point suspension device, the frame (2) being provided with a vibrating bionic excavation mechanism (1), a power and transmission mechanism (3), a vibrating lifting mechanism (4), a secondary vibrating cleaning and impurity removal mechanism (5) and a walking mechanism (6) in sequence from front to back, characterized in that: The vibrating bionic excavation mechanism (1) is provided with a bionic excavation shovel (102) and uses a CFD method to numerically simulate the movement of a barracuda head and a dorsal fin, thereby obtaining a contour curve of the bionic excavation shovel (102) and reducing excavation resistance.

2. A root crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating bionic excavation mechanism (1) comprises an excavation shovel mounting plate (101), both ends of which are mounted on the surface of a frame (2), a bionic excavation shovel (102) is arranged on the upper surface of the excavation shovel mounting plate (101), guide rods (103) are respectively arranged on both sides of the bionic excavation shovel (102), the guide rods (103) are rotated by side rollers, and the side rollers of the guide rods (103) are connected to a power and transmission mechanism (3).

3. The root crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power and transmission mechanism (3) comprises a drive gearbox (305), the drive gearbox (305) being connected to a tractor power output shaft, the drive gearbox (305) being connected to a gearbox output shaft (301), the drive gearbox (305) being fixedly mounted on the surface of the frame (2), one side of the gearbox output shaft (301) being connected to a vibrating lifting mechanism (4) via a pulley drive, the other side of the gearbox output shaft (301) transmitting power to a second output shaft (302) via a sprocket, the second output shaft (302) being provided with a set of bevel gears on both sides thereof, The second output shaft (302) transmits power to the vibrating bionic excavation mechanism (1) via bevel gears; the gearbox output shaft (301) is connected to the third output shaft (303) via a pulley; eccentric wheels are installed on both sides of the third output shaft (303); the third output shaft (303) is connected to the secondary vibrating cleaning and impurity removal mechanism (5) via the eccentric wheels; the gearbox output shaft (301) is connected to the fourth transmission shaft (304) via a pulley drive; sprocket wheels are installed on both sides of the fourth transmission shaft (304); the fourth transmission shaft (304) is connected to the vibrating lifting mechanism (4) via the sprocket wheels.

4. The root crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating lifting mechanism (4) is installed on the rear side of the vibrating bionic excavation mechanism (1), and the vibrating lifting mechanism (4) is connected to the frame (2). The vibrating lifting mechanism (4) comprises a lifting chain (401), the head of the lifting chain (401) is lower than the end of the bionic excavation shovel (102), the end of the lifting chain (401) forms an angle of 30-35 degrees with the horizontal plane, and a triangular vibration plate (402) is installed in the middle part of the lifting chain (401). The triangular vibration plate (402) is connected to the fourth transmission shaft (304) through a sprocket chain, and the vibrating lifting mechanism (4) is connected to the fourth transmission shaft (304) through a transmission sprocket (403).

5. The root crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism (5) is installed at the lower rear side of the vibration lifting mechanism (4), and the secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism (5) is connected to the frame (2). The secondary vibration cleaning and impurity removal mechanism (5) comprises a layer of vibrating screen (501), and a second layer of vibrating screen (502) is connected below the first layer of vibrating screen (501). The two ends of the first layer of vibrating screen (501) are respectively hinged with a connecting rod 1 (503) and a connecting rod 2 (504). The other end of the connecting rod 1 (503) is hinged to the frame (2), the other end of the connecting rod 2 (504) is hinged to a connecting rod 3 (505), the other end of the connecting rod 3 (505) is hinged to a rocker arm (506), and the rocker arm (506) is hinged to eccentric wheels on both sides of the third output shaft (303). The movement angle between the connecting rod 2 (504) and the connecting rod 3 (505) is 133.6°-145.3°.

6. The root crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (6) is connected to the frame (2) via a square tube, and the walking mechanism (6) is installed below the frame (2).

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