Battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting expansive force

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting expansion force. The battery module structure comprises a battery cell, an end plate and an expansion absorption plate, a plurality of groups of battery cells are arranged side by side to form a battery module, end plates are arranged at two ends of the battery module, expansion absorption plates are arranged between the end plates and the battery module, and a first expansion absorption rib, a second expansion absorption rib and a third expansion absorption rib are arranged on one side of each expansion absorption plate from top to bottom; the first expansion absorption rib, the second expansion absorption rib and the third expansion absorption rib located at the upper end and the lower end of the expansion absorption plate are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the expansion absorption plate in the left-right direction. One side and the top end of each of the first expansion absorption rib, the second expansion absorption rib and the third expansion absorption rib are arc-shaped, so that stress deformation is facilitated, and fracture grooves are formed in the roots of the first expansion absorption rib, the second expansion absorption rib and the third expansion absorption rib. According to the utility model, the technical problems of short service life and poor safety of the battery module caused by incapability of effectively releasing expansive force of the battery module are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery module manufacturing, in particular to a battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting expansion force. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, batteries, as important energy storage devices, play an increasingly important role in mobile communications, electric vehicles, energy storage and other fields. However, during the use of batteries, due to the chemical reactions during the charging and discharging process, a certain expansion force will be generated inside the battery. If this expansion force cannot be effectively controlled, it will cause the battery shell to deform, the internal structure to be damaged, and even cause safety accidents.

[0003] However, the traditional battery module structure has the following main problems: single structure: the traditional battery module structure is mostly fixed, which cannot adapt to the changes in the expansion force of the battery during the charging and discharging process, which can easily lead to battery performance degradation and shortened life; limited adjustment methods: some battery modules use elastic elements to adjust the expansion force, but the adjustment range is limited and it is difficult to meet the needs under different working conditions; poor safety: when the battery expansion force is too large, the traditional battery module structure is prone to safety accidents such as shell rupture and internal short circuit. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, provide a battery module structure that can automatically adjust the expansion force, and solve the technical problems in the field of battery module manufacturing technology that the battery module has a short life and poor safety due to the inability to effectively release the expansion force.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution of the utility model provides a battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force, comprising:

[0006] Battery cells, end plates and expansion absorbing plates; multiple groups of the battery cells are arranged side by side to form a battery module; the end plates are provided at both ends of the battery module; the expansion absorbing plate is provided between the end plate and the battery module; one side of the expansion absorbing plate is provided with a first expansion absorbing rib, a second expansion absorbing rib and a third expansion absorbing rib from top to bottom; the two first expansion absorbing ribs, the second expansion absorbing ribs and the third expansion absorbing ribs located at the upper and lower ends of the expansion absorbing plate are symmetrically arranged about the left-right axis of the expansion absorbing plate.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model include:

[0008] 1. The battery module structure that can automatically adjust the expansion force provided by the utility model is configured with a first expansion absorption rib, a first expansion absorption rib, and a first expansion absorption rib, and the expansion force of the battery cell is gradually released by gradually breaking the expansion absorption ribs, so that the battery cell is always maintained in the optimal expansion force environment, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery cell.

[0009] 2. The automatically adjustable expansion force battery module structure provided by the utility model determines whether the internal pressure environment is too high by setting a detection unit, thereby improving the safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting expansion force provided by the utility model;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the expansion absorption plate in the battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force provided by the utility model;

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the expansion absorption plate in the battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force provided by the utility model;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the end plate in the battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force provided by the utility model;

[0014] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the series-connected aluminum bars and the end aluminum bars in the battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force provided by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0016] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0018] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This embodiment provides a battery module structure that can automatically adjust the expansion force, including: a battery cell 1, an end plate 2, and an expansion absorption plate 3.

[0019] Furthermore, multiple groups of the battery cells 1 are arranged side by side to form a battery module 4, the end plates 2 are provided at both ends of the battery module 4, the expansion absorption plate 3 is provided between the end plate 2 and the battery module 4, and one side of the expansion absorption plate 3 is provided with a first expansion absorption rib 31, a second expansion absorption rib 32 and a third expansion absorption rib 33 from top to bottom, and the two first expansion absorption ribs 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 located at the upper and lower ends of the expansion absorption plate 3 are symmetrically arranged about the left-right axis of the expansion absorption plate 3.

[0020] Specifically, the material of the expansion absorption plate 3 has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness plastic, good insulation performance and the like.

[0021] Specifically, one side of the expansion absorbing plate 3 is provided with the first expansion absorbing rib 31, the second expansion absorbing rib 32 and the third expansion absorbing rib 33, the detection unit 34 and the limiting column 35, while the other side of the expansion absorbing plate 3 is planar and fits with one side of the battery cell 1.

[0022] Specifically, the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32, the third expansion absorption rib 33, the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32, and the third expansion absorption rib 33 are arranged from top to bottom on one side of the expansion absorption plate 3. In this embodiment, only three levels of expansion absorption ribs are provided, but in fact, multiple levels of expansion absorption ribs can be provided to play the role of automatically adjusting and releasing the expansion force.

[0023] Furthermore, one side and the top of the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 are arc-shaped to facilitate their deformation under force, and a fracture groove 3a is opened at the root of the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33.

[0024] Specifically, when the battery module 4 generates a large expansion force, and the expansion force at this time is greater than the designed threshold value of the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33, due to the fracture groove 3a, the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 will all break from the root to release the expansion force.

[0025] Furthermore, the distance from the top to the bottom of the first expansion absorption rib 31 is greater than the distance from the top to the bottom of the second expansion absorption rib 32, and the distance from the top to the bottom of the second expansion absorption rib 32 is greater than the distance from the top to the bottom of the third absorption expansion rib 33.

[0026] Specifically, there is a height difference between the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33. When the battery module 4 generates an expansion force, the first expansion absorption rib 31 is first stressed and bends and deforms. At this time, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 are not stressed, but as the number of times the battery cell 1 is charged and discharged increases, the expansion force continues to increase. When the expansion force is greater than the design threshold of the first expansion absorption rib 31, the bending degree of the first expansion absorption rib 31 reaches the limit. Under the action of the expansion force and the fracture groove 3a, the first expansion absorption rib 31 breaks from the root, the first expansion absorption rib 31 fails, a certain space is released, and the battery cell expansion force returns to the initial state.

[0027] At the same time, the second expansion absorbing rib 32 begins to be stressed, and the working process is similar to that of the first expansion absorbing rib 31. When the second expansion absorbing rib 32 fails, the third expansion absorbing rib 33 begins to be stressed until the last expansion absorbing rib fails.

[0028] Furthermore, a detection unit 35 is provided on one side of the expansion absorption plate 3 from top to bottom, and the multiple detection units 35 are respectively located at the top, middle and bottom of the expansion absorption plate 3. The detection unit 35 is connected to the collection port of the battery monitoring and management system through a wire for alarm.

[0029] Specifically, the surface of the detection unit 35 is a metal surface. When the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 all fail, the detection unit 35 is in contact with the end plate 2, and the end plate 2 is grounded. When the battery monitoring and management system detects that the expansion absorption plate 3 is in contact with one side of the end plate 2, it means that the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 all fail. At this time, the battery monitoring and management system sends an alarm signal to remind the driver and improve safety performance.

[0030] Furthermore, the interior of the end plate 2 is hollowed out to achieve a buffering effect and reduce material costs. A limiting hole 2a is provided in the middle area of ​​the end plate 2. A limiting column 34 is provided on one side of the expansion absorption plate 3. The limiting column 34 is inserted into the limiting hole 2a. The limiting column 34 cooperates with the limiting hole 34 to ensure that the expansion absorption plate 3 only moves forward during the fracture and failure of the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33, thereby avoiding random movement of the expansion absorption plate 3.

[0031] Furthermore, a heat insulating gasket 5 is provided between two adjacent battery cells 1 for heat insulation between the battery cells 1, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 4. Two adjacent battery cells 1 are connected in series through a series aluminum bar 6 to achieve series current flow, and the battery cells 1 at both ends of the battery module 4 are fixedly connected to the end plate 2 through an end aluminum bar 7.

[0032] Furthermore, the series aluminum bar 6 is provided with a fourth expansion absorbing rib 61, and the end aluminum bar 7 is provided with a fifth expansion absorbing rib 71. The cross-sections of the fourth expansion absorbing rib 61 and the fifth expansion absorbing rib 71 are U-shaped for buffering and releasing the expansion force. When the distance between the adjacent battery cells 1 increases due to the expansion force, under the action of the fourth expansion absorbing rib 61 and the fifth expansion absorbing rib 71, the stress on the weld scar of the series aluminum bar 6 is reduced to avoid the risk of welding falling off.

[0033] Preferably, the material of the series aluminum bar 6 and the end aluminum bar 7 is AL1060-O. AL1060-O as the material of the series aluminum bar has the following advantages: excellent conductivity: AL1060-O aluminum has a very high electrical conductivity, which can effectively reduce the resistance inside the battery module and improve the charging and discharging efficiency and energy transfer efficiency of the battery; good processability: AL1060-O aluminum has excellent processability and can be easily formed by extrusion, stretching, bending and other processes, so as to facilitate the manufacture of series aluminum bars of various shapes; corrosion resistance: although the corrosion resistance of AL1060-O aluminum is not as good as that of some specially treated aluminum alloys, it still exhibits good corrosion resistance under the normal use environment of the battery module and can meet certain service life requirements; mechanical properties: its mechanical properties are sufficient to meet the mechanical requirements of the battery module in normal use and can maintain the stability of the structure.

[0034] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of the battery cells 1 , the expansion absorbing plates 3 and the end plates 2 are tied and fixedly connected by steel strips 8 .

[0035] Working principle: The battery module structure that can automatically adjust the expansion force provided by the utility model includes a battery cell 1, an end plate 2 and an expansion absorption plate 3. Multiple groups of the battery cells 1 are arranged side by side to form a battery module 4. The end plates 2 are provided at both ends of the battery module 4, and the expansion absorption plate 3 is provided between the end plate 2 and the battery module 4. One side of the expansion absorption plate 3 is provided with a first expansion absorption rib 31, a second expansion absorption rib 32 and a third expansion absorption rib 33 from top to bottom. The two first expansion absorption ribs 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 located at the upper and lower ends of the expansion absorption plate 3 are symmetrically arranged about the left-right axis of the expansion absorption plate 3.

[0036] Specifically, the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 provided on the expansion absorption plate 3 can effectively and automatically adjust and release the expansion force generated by the battery cell 1. When the battery module 4 generates expansion force, the first expansion absorption rib 31 is first stressed and bends and deforms. At this time, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 are not stressed, but as the number of times the battery cell 1 is charged and discharged increases, the expansion force continues to increase. When the expansion force is greater than the design threshold of the first expansion absorption rib 31, the bending degree of the first expansion absorption rib 31 reaches the limit. Under the action of the expansion force and the fracture groove 3a, the first expansion absorption rib 31 breaks from the root, the first expansion absorption rib 31 fails, a certain space is released, and the battery cell expansion force returns to the initial state. At the same time, the second expansion absorption rib 32 begins to be stressed, and the working process is similar to that of the first expansion absorption rib 31. When the second expansion absorption rib 32 fails, the third expansion absorption rib 33 begins to be stressed until the last expansion absorption rib fails.

[0037] Specifically, when the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 all fail, the detection unit 35 is in contact with the end plate 2, and the end plate 2 is grounded. When the battery monitoring and management system detects that the expansion absorption plate 3 is in contact with one side of the end plate 2, it means that the first expansion absorption rib 31, the second expansion absorption rib 32 and the third expansion absorption rib 33 all fail. At this time, the battery monitoring and management system sends an alarm signal to remind the driver and improve safety performance.

[0038] The specific implementation methods of the utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting expansion force, characterized in that: include: Battery cells, end plates and expansion absorbing plates; multiple groups of the battery cells are arranged side by side to form a battery module; the end plates are provided at both ends of the battery module; the expansion absorbing plate is provided between the end plate and the battery module; one side of the expansion absorbing plate is provided with a first expansion absorbing rib, a second expansion absorbing rib and a third expansion absorbing rib from top to bottom; the two first expansion absorbing ribs, the second expansion absorbing ribs and the third expansion absorbing ribs located at the upper and lower ends of the expansion absorbing plate are symmetrically arranged about the left-right axis of the expansion absorbing plate.

2. The battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side and the top of the first expansion absorption rib, the second expansion absorption rib and the third expansion absorption rib are arc-shaped to facilitate their deformation under force; the roots of the first expansion absorption rib, the second expansion absorption rib and the third expansion absorption rib are provided with fracture grooves.

3. The battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance from the top to the bottom of the first expansion absorption rib is greater than the distance from the top to the bottom of the second expansion absorption rib; the distance from the top to the bottom of the second expansion absorption rib is greater than the distance from the top to the bottom of the third expansion absorption rib.

4. The battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the expansion absorption plate is provided with detection units from top to bottom; the plurality of detection units are respectively located at the top, middle and bottom of the expansion absorption plate; the detection units are connected to the collection port of the battery monitoring and management system through wires for alarm.

5. The battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force according to claim 4, characterized in that: The interior of the end plate is hollowed out to achieve a buffering effect; a limiting hole is provided in the middle area of ​​the end plate; a limiting column is provided on one side of the expansion absorption plate; and the limiting column is inserted into the limiting hole.

6. The battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heat-insulating gasket is arranged between two adjacent battery cells; the two adjacent battery cells are connected in series to achieve series current flow through a series of aluminum bars; and the battery cells located at both ends of the battery module are fixedly connected to the end plates through end aluminum bars.

7. The battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force according to claim 6, characterized in that: The series aluminum bar is provided with a fourth expansion absorbing rib; the end aluminum bar is provided with a fifth expansion absorbing rib; the cross-sections of the fourth expansion absorbing rib and the fifth expansion absorbing rib are U-shaped for buffering and releasing expansion force.

8. The battery module structure capable of automatically adjusting the expansion force according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of the battery cells, expansion absorbing plates and end plates are tied and fixedly connected by steel belts.

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