Biomass two-stage gas making mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of biomass gasification energy sources, in particular to a biomass two-stage gas making mechanism which comprises a front section gas making mechanism, a connecting auger mechanism, a rear section gas making mechanism, a discharging auger mechanism and a dust collecting mechanism. The rear-section gas making mechanism and the auger mechanism are each provided with an auger rotary vane and a transmission mechanism, the auger rotary vanes are connected with the transmission mechanisms, the transmission mechanisms are used for controlling the running speed of the auger rotary vanes, and biomass materials enter the next mechanism connected with the mechanism after being extruded and pushed by the auger rotary vanes in the mechanism where the biomass materials are located; biomass materials enter the device from the i direction for reaction, carbonized solid materials are discharged from the o direction, gasified combustible gas is discharged from the p direction, and continuous carbonization and gasification reaction of biomass is achieved, so that the efficiency of obtaining gaseous fuel is improved, energy consumption is reduced, and meanwhile the tar content in the obtained gaseous fuel can be greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of biomass gasification energy, and particularly relates to a biomass two-stage gasification mechanism. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for high-quality biomass-derived combustible gas in products such as green methanol and green ammonia, the market's demand for continuous large-scale production of biomass carbonization and biochar gasification in the same place is becoming more and more urgent. However, for occasions that previously required biochar gasification, usually due to the relatively small demand for charcoal, enterprises often chose to purchase biochar externally for production.

[0003] Therefore, these two processes of biomass carbonization and biochar gasification are usually operated separately in terms of time and space, and there is currently no equipment that can achieve the airtight, continuous, and efficient transfer of biochar after biomass carbonization to a biochar continuous gasification device.

[0004] Typical process connection methods include the following: after biomass carbonization, the biochar is cooled by spraying water and then enters the continuous gasification equipment, which will result in the loss of the sensible heat of the biochar and bring additional moisture; the biochar is taken out after cooling in the carbonization furnace and then enters the continuous gasification equipment, which not only has a long cooling time but also loses the sensible heat of the biochar; the biochar is directly taken out at high temperature, but due to contact with air, it will cause oxidation loss of the biochar. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the utility model provides a biomass two-stage gasification mechanism,

[0006] including a front-stage gasification mechanism, a connecting auger mechanism, a rear-stage gasification mechanism, a discharging auger mechanism, and an ash collection mechanism;

[0007] The gasification mechanism includes a gasification mechanism feed port, a gasification mechanism discharge port, and a combustible gas outlet;

[0008] The auger mechanism includes an auger mechanism feed port and an auger mechanism discharge port;

[0009] The gasification mechanism discharge port of the front-stage gasification mechanism is connected to the auger mechanism feed port of the connecting auger mechanism below;

[0010] The auger mechanism discharge port of the connecting auger mechanism is connected to the gasification mechanism feed port of the rear-stage gasification mechanism below;

[0011] The gasification mechanism discharge port of the rear-stage gasification mechanism is connected to the auger mechanism feed port of the discharging auger mechanism below;

[0012] The auger mechanism discharge port of the discharging auger mechanism is connected to the ash collection mechanism below;

[0013] Both the post-stage gas-making mechanism and the auger mechanism are provided with auger vanes and a transmission mechanism. The auger vanes are connected to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is used to control the operating speed of the auger vanes. The biomass material is extruded and advanced by the auger vanes in the corresponding mechanism and then enters the next connected mechanism.

[0014] In the first state, the biomass material enters the device from the i direction for reaction. The carbonized solid material is discharged from the o direction, and the generated combustible gas is discharged from the p direction.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] In the scenario of using biomass as a raw material to obtain gaseous fuel with a low tar content, the present utility model realizes the continuous reaction of biomass carbonization and gasification, improves the efficiency of obtaining gaseous fuel, reduces energy consumption, and at the same time can greatly reduce the tar content in the obtained gaseous fuel. Description of the drawings

[0017] The following further elaborates on the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the present utility model Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auger mechanism of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the front-stage gas-making mechanism of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the front-stage gas-making mechanism of the present utility model Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the front-stage gas-making mechanism of the present utility model Figure 3 ;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the front-stage gas-making mechanism of the present utility model Figure 4 ;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the front-stage gas-making mechanism of the present utility model Figure 5 ;

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 101 Front-stage gas generation mechanism; 102 Rear-stage gas generation mechanism; 111 Feed inlet of the gas generation mechanism; 112 Discharge outlet of the gas generation mechanism; 113 Combustible gas outlet; 114 Gasifying agent inlet; 115 Screw blade; 116 Transmission mechanism; 121 Combustion mechanism; 122 Flue gas outlet; 123 Combustible gas branch; 124 Flue gas branch; 131 Outer jacket; 132 Waste gas outlet; 201 Feed screw mechanism; 211 Feed inlet of the screw mechanism; 212 Discharge outlet of the screw mechanism; 202 Connecting screw mechanism; 203 Discharge screw mechanism; 204 Ash collection mechanism. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present utility model in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0030] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "including" and "having" used herein and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0032] As Figures 1-6 shown, a biomass two-stage gas generation mechanism includes a front-stage gas generation mechanism 101, a connecting screw mechanism 202, a rear-stage gas generation mechanism 102, a discharge screw mechanism 203 and an ash collection mechanism 204;

[0033] Optionally, the gas generation mechanism includes a gas generation mechanism feed inlet 111, a gas generation mechanism discharge outlet 112, and a combustible gas outlet 113;

[0034] Optionally, the auger mechanism includes an auger mechanism feed inlet 211 and an auger mechanism discharge outlet 212;

[0035] Optionally, the gas generation mechanism discharge outlet 112 of the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 is connected to the auger mechanism feed inlet 211 of the connecting auger mechanism 202 below;

[0036] Optionally, the auger mechanism discharge outlet 212 of the connecting auger mechanism 202 is connected to the gas generation mechanism feed inlet 111 of the rear-stage gas generation mechanism 102 below;

[0037] Optionally, the gas generation mechanism discharge outlet 112 of the rear-stage gas generation mechanism 102 is connected to the auger mechanism feed inlet 211 of the discharge auger mechanism 203 below;

[0038] Optionally, the auger mechanism discharge outlet 212 of the discharge auger mechanism 203 is connected to the ash collection mechanism 204 below;

[0039] Optionally, the rear-stage gas generation mechanism 102 and the auger mechanism are both provided with auger blades 115 and a transmission mechanism 116. The auger blades 115 are interconnected with the transmission mechanism 116. The transmission mechanism 116 is used to control the running speed of the auger blades 115. The biomass material is pushed forward by the auger blades 115 in the corresponding mechanism and then enters the next connected mechanism;

[0040] In the first state, the biomass material enters the device from the i direction for reaction. The carbonized solid material is discharged from the o direction, and the gasified combustible gas is discharged from the p direction.

[0041] Among them, the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 is used for the first-stage gas generation reaction of the biomass material. After the first-stage gas generation reaction, since most of the volatile components including tar can be released during the carbonization of the biomass, a first-stage combustible gas with a high tar content and biochar will be generated. Due to the different densities of the biochar and the combustible gas, the solid biochar precipitates below the mechanism, and the first-stage combustible gas is distributed in the upper cavity. Therefore, the combustible gas outlet 113 is usually arranged at the top of the side wall of the gas generation mechanism to ensure that the gas is smoothly discharged from the combustible gas outlet 113;

[0042] At this time, the solid biochar enters the connecting auger mechanism 202 through the gas generation mechanism discharge outlet 112, and the first-stage combustible gas is discharged from the combustible gas outlet 113. The discharged first-stage combustible gas can be collected and further purified and then used as synthesis gas;

[0043] The biochar obtained after carbonizing the biomass material enters the post-stage gasification mechanism 102 through the connecting auger mechanism 202. Due to the setting of the connecting auger mechanism 202, the combustible gas in the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101 is prevented from entering the post-stage gasification mechanism 102, avoiding the mutual interference caused by gas leakage. In the post-stage gasification mechanism 102, the biochar is further gasified, and the tar content in its gasification products is greatly reduced, gasifying into synthesis gas containing components such as CO, CO 2 , H 2 , CH 4 etc., thus realizing the secondary gasification reaction of the biochar, and finally obtaining the secondary combustible gas with a lower tar content from the combustible gas outlet 113 of the post-stage gasification mechanism 102.

[0044] In some embodiments, an inlet auger mechanism 201 is further provided above the gasification mechanism feed inlet 111 of the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101;

[0045] Optionally, the gasification mechanism feed inlet 111 of the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101 is connected to the auger mechanism discharge outlet 212 of the inlet auger mechanism 201;

[0046] Among them, after the biomass material enters the inlet auger mechanism 201, due to the airtightness of the auger mechanism, the biomass material is pushed in by extrusion and enters the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101, which can prevent air from entering the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101 from the feed inlet during the material transportation process and improve the reaction effect in the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101.

[0047] In some embodiments, the number of the inlet auger mechanisms 201 can be two or more;

[0048] Optionally, the auger mechanism discharge outlets 212 and the auger mechanism feed inlets 211 of multiple auger mechanisms are alternately connected, and for the connected inlet auger mechanisms, there is a height difference between the discharge outlet of the previous mechanism and the feed inlet of the next mechanism;

[0049] Among them, the auger mechanism feed inlet 211 of the first auger mechanism is used to input the biomass material and is not connected to the auger mechanism discharge outlets 212 of other auger mechanisms, and the auger mechanism discharge outlet 212 of the last auger mechanism is connected to the gasification mechanism feed inlet 111 of the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101.

[0050] In some embodiments, the pre-stage gasification mechanism 101 is further provided with a plurality of gasifying agent inlets 114, and a gas distributor is arranged at the end of the gas inlet for inputting and dispersing the gasifying agent to improve the reaction efficiency;

[0051] Among them, the gasifying agent is pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, a mixed gas of water and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air. At the high temperature inside the gasification mechanism, the oxygen-containing gas can effectively improve the gasification reaction efficiency of the biochar;

[0052] Meanwhile, by arranging a plurality of auger mechanisms in front of the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101, the air entering with the materials before the reaction can be further reduced, which is beneficial to improving the controllability of the subsequent input gasifying agent content, and thus more beneficial to improving the reaction effect of the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101.

[0053] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 is a non-vertically placed cavity, and its structure is the same as that of the rear-stage gas generation mechanism 102. The materials entering the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 fall into the gas generation mechanism discharge port 112 under the pushing of the auger blades 115.

[0054] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 is a vertically placed cavity, and the bottom end is a funnel-shaped structure. The materials entering the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 are concentrated at the funnel-shaped structure position under the action of gravity and then fall into the gas generation mechanism discharge port 112;

[0055] Under this structure, the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 does not need to be provided with auger blades 115 and a transmission mechanism 116. The reaction time of the entering materials is controlled by the connecting auger mechanism 202 below. When the materials react in the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 for a long enough time, the auger blades 115 of the connecting auger mechanism 202 start to rotate, and the biochar falling into the gas generation mechanism discharge port 112 is taken out and enters the connecting auger mechanism 202.

[0056] In some embodiments, the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 further includes a combustion mechanism 121 and a flue gas outlet 122;

[0057] Optionally, the combustible gas outlet 113 is connected to the combustion mechanism 121, and the generated primary combustible gas is introduced into the combustion mechanism 121 for combustion;

[0058] Among them, the high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion is discharged through the flue gas outlet 122.

[0059] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the flue gas outlet 122 is arranged on the cavity wall of the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101;

[0060] Optionally, the number of flue gas outlets 122 can be set to be multiple;

[0061] Preferably, the flue gas outlet 122 is arranged below the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101, and the high-temperature flue gas directly contacts and penetrates the materials after entering the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101;

[0062] In the second state, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the primary combustible gas in the combustion mechanism 121 enters the front-stage gas generation mechanism 101 through the flue gas outlet 122 in the c direction to directly heat the materials.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 shown, the front-stage gas-making mechanism 101 further includes an outer jacket 131, and the flue gas outlet 122 is provided on the outer jacket 131;

[0064] Optionally, the outer jacket 131 is further provided with an exhaust gas outlet 132;

[0065] In the third state, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the primary combustible gas in the combustion mechanism 121 enters the outer jacket 131 in the c2 direction, indirectly heats the material in the front-stage gas-making mechanism 101, and the high-temperature flue gas after indirectly heating the material is discharged through the exhaust gas outlet 132 in the p2 direction;

[0066] The addition of the combustion mechanism 121 burns the primary combustible gas with a relatively high tar content and then re-introduces it into the front-stage gas-making mechanism 101 or the outer jacket 131, directly or indirectly heats the front-stage gas-making mechanism 101, and together with the sensible heat of the biochar after biomass carbonization, reduces the loss caused by the contact with oxygen during the high-temperature transfer of the biochar, realizing energy conservation and consumption reduction in the gasification link.

[0067] In some embodiments, the combustible gas outlet 113 is further provided with a combustible gas branch 123, and the combustible gas branch 123 is provided with a control valve for controlling the amount of combustible gas entering the combustion mechanism 121;

[0068] Optionally, the flue gas outlet 122 is further provided with a flue gas branch 124, and the flue gas branch 124 is provided with a control valve for controlling the amount of high-temperature flue gas introduced into the front-stage gas-making mechanism 101.

[0069] Among them, the reaction temperature of the front-stage gas-making mechanism 101 is 400-1000 degrees Celsius, the reaction temperature of the rear-stage gas-making mechanism 102 is 500-1000 degrees Celsius, the reaction time of the material in the device is 0.5-5 hours. By designing different pitches of the internal spiral propelling shaft of the auger blade 115, or increasing or decreasing the rotation speed of the shaft, the feeding speed is adjusted, the material propelling speed is changed, so as to realize the control of the reaction time, which can be adjusted manually or the transmission mechanism 116 is connected to the controller for centralized adjustment;

[0070] It can be seen that in the continuous two-stage gas-making mechanism, the biochar generated during the biomass carbonization process is directly transferred to the subsequent continuous biochar gasification device in a sealed, continuous and efficient manner, realizing the seamless connection of two key steps of biomass carbonization and biochar gasification, that is, after the biomass is carbonized in the carbonization mechanism, the generated biochar can immediately, without leakage and efficiently enter the gasification mechanism for further gasification reaction. This process not only ensures the continuity of operation, but also significantly improves the overall gas-making efficiency. Through this two-stage gas-making process, the continuous and efficient conversion from biomass raw materials to high-quality combustible gas is realized. The finally produced gas has a low tar content. Generally, the tar content in the finally produced secondary combustible gas can be reduced to below 50mg / Nm3, and can even be undetectable at the lowest, which is a clean and high-quality gas.

[0071] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present invention and the scope protected by the claims. All of these are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage biomass gasification mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a front-end gas-making mechanism (101), a connecting auger mechanism (202), a rear-end gas-making mechanism (102), a discharging auger mechanism (203) and an ash-collecting mechanism (204); The gas-making mechanism comprises a gas-making mechanism feed port (111), a gas-making mechanism discharge port (112) and a combustible gas outlet (113); The auger mechanism comprises an auger mechanism feed port (211) and an auger mechanism discharge port (212); The gas-making mechanism outlet (112) of the front-stage gas-making mechanism (101) is connected below the auger mechanism feed port (211) of the connecting auger mechanism (202); The lower part of the auger mechanism outlet (212) connected to the auger mechanism (202) is connected to the gas making mechanism feed port (111) of the rear-stage gas making mechanism (102); The lower portion of the gas-making mechanism discharge port (112) of the rear-stage gas-making mechanism (102) is connected to the auger mechanism feed port (211) of the discharge auger mechanism (203); The ash collecting mechanism (204) is connected below the auger mechanism discharge port (212) of the discharge auger mechanism (203); The rear gas-making mechanism (102) and the auger mechanism are both provided with an auger vane (115) and a transmission mechanism (116), wherein the auger vane (115) and the transmission mechanism (116) are connected to each other, and the transmission mechanism (116) is used to control the running speed of the auger vane (115), and the biomass material is squeezed and pushed by the auger vane (115) in the mechanism and then enters the next connected mechanism; In the first state, the biomass material enters the device from the i direction to react, the carbonized solid material is discharged from the o direction, and the generated combustible gas is discharged from the p direction.

2. A biomass two-stage gasification mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding auger mechanism (201) is also provided above the gas-making mechanism feed port (111) of the front-stage gas-making mechanism (101); The gas-making mechanism feed port (111) of the front-stage gas-making mechanism (101) is connected to the auger mechanism discharge port (212) of the feeding auger mechanism (201).

3. A biomass two-stage gasification mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the feeding auger mechanisms (201) may be two or more; The auger mechanism discharge ports (212) and the auger mechanism feed ports (211) of the plurality of auger mechanisms are connected alternately.

4. A biomass two-stage gasification mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front-stage gas production mechanism (101) is also provided with a plurality of gasifying agent inlets (114), and a gas distributor is provided at the end of the gas inlet for inputting and dispersing the gasifying agent to improve the reaction efficiency.

5. A two-stage biomass gasification mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front-stage gas-making mechanism (101) is a horizontally placed cavity having the same structure as the rear-stage gas-making mechanism (102). The material entering the front-stage gas-making mechanism (101) falls into the gas-making mechanism outlet (112) under the pushing of the auger vane (115).

6. A two-stage biomass gasification mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front-stage gas-making mechanism (101) is a vertically placed cavity with a funnel-shaped structure at the bottom. The material entering the front-stage gas-making mechanism (101) is concentrated to the position of the funnel-shaped structure under the action of gravity and then falls into the gas-making mechanism outlet (112).

7. A two-stage biomass gasification mechanism according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that: The front-stage gas production mechanism (101) further comprises a combustion mechanism (121) and a smoke outlet (122); The combustible gas outlet (113) is connected to a combustion mechanism (121) to introduce the generated primary combustible gas into the combustion mechanism (121) for combustion; The high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion is discharged through the flue gas outlet (122).

8. A two-stage biomass gasification mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The smoke outlet (122) is arranged on the cavity wall of the front-stage gas production mechanism (101); In the second state, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the primary combustible gas in the combustion mechanism (121) enters the front-stage gas production mechanism (101) through the flue gas outlet (122) in the c direction to directly heat the material.

9. The biomass two-stage gasification mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front-stage gas production mechanism (101) further comprises an outer jacket (131), and the smoke outlet (122) is arranged on the outer jacket (131); The outer jacket (131) is also provided with an exhaust gas outlet (132); In the third state, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the primary combustible gas in the combustion mechanism (121) enters the outer jacket (131) in the direction of c2, and indirectly heats the material in the front-stage gas production mechanism (101). The high-temperature flue gas indirectly heated by the material is discharged in the direction of p2 through the exhaust gas outlet (132).

10. The biomass two-stage gasification mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combustible gas outlet (113) is also provided with a combustible gas branch (123), and the combustible gas branch (123) is provided with a regulating valve for controlling the amount of combustible gas entering the combustion mechanism (121); The smoke outlet (122) is also provided with a smoke branch (124), and the smoke branch (124) is provided with a regulating valve for controlling the amount of high-temperature smoke introduced into the front-stage gas production mechanism (101).

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