Waterproof concrete reservoir basin
By setting up toe plates at the junction of concrete reservoir basin and reservoir basin, grouting curtains at the bottom, and laying stone piles and cement mortar on the surface of reservoir basin to form a cushion area. Combined with the multi-layer protective structure, traditional waterproofing measures are solved, and the waterproofing ability and durability of reservoir basin are significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422195711.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-07
AI Technical Summary
Traditional concrete warehouse waterproofing measures are difficult to meet long-term and efficient waterproofing needs, and are affected by factors such as material characteristics, construction quality and environmental conditions.
The design of waterproof concrete warehouse basin is adopted, including setting up toe plates at the connection between the warehouse basin and the warehouse basin, setting up grouting curtains at the bottom, and laying a rock pile layer and cement mortar on the surface of the warehouse basin to form a cushion area. Finally, multi-layer protective structures such as waterproof plate layer, mortar layer, waterproof membrane layer, protective layer and asphalt waterproof coating are used in the waterproof structural layer.
By stably connecting the toe plate and the waterproof structural layer, the water resistance of the reservoir dam is improved; the cracks are filled with grouting curtains, and the structural strength and waterproof ability of the reservoir basin are enhanced; a composite waterproof system is formed through a multi-layer protective structure, which significantly improves the waterproof effect and durability, so that the waterproof structural layer can work for a long time.
Smart Images
Figure CN222962013U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of anti-seepage of water conservancy projects, and particularly relates to a concrete reservoir basin for waterproofing. Background Art
[0002] A pumped-storage power station is a hydropower station that pumps water to an upper reservoir during low electricity load periods and releases water to a lower reservoir for power generation during high electricity load periods, also known as a storage-type hydropower station. It can convert the excess electricity during low grid loads into high-value electricity during peak grid periods, is also suitable for frequency modulation and phase modulation, stabilizes the frequency and voltage of the power system, and is suitable for emergency standby, and can also improve the efficiency of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants in the system. The construction of pumped-storage power stations in China started relatively late, but due to the late-mover advantage, the starting point is relatively high, and the technologies of several large pumped-storage power stations built in recent years are at the world's advanced level.
[0003] The waterproof measures for concrete reservoir basins often rely on the compactness and impermeability of the concrete itself. However, in actual applications, due to the influence of various factors such as material properties, construction quality, and environmental conditions, traditional waterproof measures often fail to meet the long-term and efficient waterproof requirements. To solve the above problems, a concrete reservoir basin for waterproofing is proposed herein. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to improve the long-term waterproof ability of the reservoir basin, the present application provides a concrete reservoir basin for waterproofing.
[0005] The concrete reservoir basin for waterproofing provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] A concrete reservoir basin for waterproofing, comprising a reservoir basin, a reservoir dam, a toe slab, and a waterproof structure layer. The reservoir dam surrounds one side of the reservoir basin. The toe slab is fixed at the connection between the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam. The bottom of the toe slab is connected to the reservoir basin, and the side wall of the toe slab is connected to the reservoir dam. The waterproof structure layer is arranged in a manner that fits the surfaces of the toe slab and the reservoir dam.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, by arranging a toe slab at the connection between the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam, the toe slab is fixed at the connection between the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam, thereby improving the connection stability between the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam, reducing the probability of relative movement of the reservoir dam with respect to the reservoir basin, and enabling the waterproof structure layer at the connection between the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam to be stably connected to the reservoir dam. Furthermore, the toe slab plays a role in supporting the waterproof structure layer. The waterproof structure layer is arranged on the surface of the toe slab, further enhancing the water resistance of the reservoir dam.
[0008] Optionally, a plurality of grouting curtains are arranged at the bottom of the reservoir basin, and the plurality of grouting curtains are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the reservoir basin.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a grouting curtain is set at the bottom of the reservoir basin. First, the drill rig drills vertically downward on the reservoir basin, and then grout mortar is poured into the hole. After the grout mortar solidifies, a grouting curtain is formed. After the grout mortar is poured into the hole, it can fill the fissures in the reservoir basin to form a continuous water-blocking curtain, thereby enhancing the structural strength and waterproofing ability of the reservoir basin. The grouting curtain can strengthen the stability of the reservoir basin and the surrounding rocks, and prevent the foundation deformation or damage caused by seepage pressure.
[0010] Optionally, the reservoir dam includes a mountain body, a rockfill layer, a filling layer and a cushion zone. The rockfill layer is laid on the mountain body and is formed by piling up stones with a maximum outer diameter less than or equal to 800 mm. The filling layer is laid on the rockfill layer, and the cushion zone is laid on the upper surface of the filling layer. The cushion zone is formed by pouring grout mortar, and a waterproof structure layer is laid on the surface of the cushion zone.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, by laying a rockfill layer on the mountain body and laying grout mortar on the surface of the reservoir dam to form a cushion zone, the surface of the reservoir dam has better structural strength, reducing the degree of gravel loss when running water scours the reservoir dam. The rockfill layer contains some fine materials, which can compact the rockfill layer after blocking water, making the reservoir bank more firm.
[0012] Optionally, the filling layer includes a sand layer and a gravel layer. The sand layer is composed of particles with a particle size of 0.2 mm - 2 mm, and the gravel layer is composed of gravel blocks with a diameter of 2 mm - 20 mm. The sand layer and the gravel layer cooperate with each other to form a tightly packed structure.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the sand layer and the gravel layer cooperate with each other to form a tightly packed structure, reducing voids and looseness, thereby enhancing the stability of the reservoir, improving the drainage efficiency, reducing the accumulation and retention of water in the reservoir basin, and helping to reduce the erosion of the reservoir basin structure by water.
[0014] Optionally, the waterproof structure layer includes a base layer, a waterproof board layer, a mortar layer, a waterproof membrane layer, a protective layer and an asphalt waterproof coating. The base layer is laid with grout mortar, the waterproof board layer is arranged on the upper surface of the base layer and is made of organic materials, the mortar layer is laid on the surface of the waterproof board layer, the waterproof membrane layer is laid on the mortar layer, the protective layer is laid on the surface of the waterproof membrane layer, and the asphalt waterproof coating is sprayed on the surface of the protective layer.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the waterproof board layer, mortar layer, waterproof membrane layer, protective layer and asphalt waterproof coating form a multi-layer protection structure, forming a composite waterproof system. The base layer provides a solid foundation for the entire waterproof system, and the waterproof board layer enhances the tensile strength of the overall structure; the waterproof membrane layer has excellent waterproof performance and durability; the protective layer protects the waterproof membrane layer from external damage, and the asphalt waterproof coating, as the outermost protection, further enhances the waterproof effect and durability, enabling the waterproof structure layer to work for a long time.
[0016] Optionally, the waterproof board layer includes a waterproof board and bolts, and the bolts penetrate through the waterproof board and are connected to the base layer.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the waterproof board can be fixed on the base layer through bolts and maintain a stable connection, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the waterproof board and the base layer.
[0018] Optionally, sealant is provided on the waterproof board, and the sealant fills the gaps between adjacent waterproof boards.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, by providing sealant between the waterproof boards, the sealant can fill the gaps between the waterproof boards and submerge the bolts, thereby reducing the probability of the bolts being exposed to water, reducing the erosion of water on the bolts, and improving the connection stability between the waterproof board and the base layer.
[0020] Optionally, connecting rods are provided on the toe slab, and the connecting rods are fixed on the bottom surface and one side surface of the toe slab, and the connecting rods are used to insert into the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, by providing connecting rods on the toe slab, the connecting rods can be inserted into the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam, and further the connecting rods can be inserted into the crushed stones and buried in the concrete, thereby improving the connection strength between the toe slab and the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam.
[0022] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows:
[0023] 1. By providing a toe slab at the connection of the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam, the toe slab is fixed at the connection of the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam, thereby improving the connection stability between the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam, reducing the probability of the reservoir dam moving relative to the reservoir basin, so that the waterproof structure layer at the connection of the reservoir basin and the reservoir dam can be stably connected to the reservoir dam, and further enabling the toe slab to play a role in supporting the waterproof structure layer. The waterproof structure layer is arranged on the surface of the toe slab, further improving the water resistance of the reservoir dam;
[0024] 2. By laying a rockfill layer on the mountain body and laying cement mortar on the surface of the reservoir dam to form a cushion area, the surface of the reservoir dam has better structural strength, reducing the degree of loss of crushed stones when flowing water scours the reservoir dam. The rockfill layer contains some fine materials, and after blocking water, the rockfill layer can be compacted, making the reservoir bank more firm;
[0025] 3. The waterproof board layer, mortar layer, waterproof membrane layer, protective layer and asphalt waterproof coating form a multi-layer protection structure, forming a composite waterproof system. The base layer provides a solid foundation for the entire waterproof system, and the waterproof board layer enhances the tensile strength of the overall structure; the waterproof membrane layer has excellent waterproof performance and durability; the protective layer protects the waterproof membrane layer from external damage, and the asphalt waterproof coating, as the outermost protection, further enhances the waterproof effect and durability, enabling the waterproof structure layer to work for a long time. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.
[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A in
[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure layer of an embodiment of the present application.
[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of the toe slab of an embodiment of the present application.
[0030] Reference Signs: 1, reservoir basin; 11, grouting curtain; 2, reservoir dam; 21, mountain body; 22, rockfill layer; 23, filling layer; 24, cushion zone; 3, toe slab; 31, connecting rod; 4, waterproof structure layer; 41, base layer; 42, waterproof board layer; 421, waterproof board; 422, bolt; 423, sealant; 43, mortar layer; 44, waterproof membrane layer; 45, protective layer; 46, asphalt waterproof coating. Detailed Description of the Embodiment
[0031] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0032] An embodiment of the present application discloses a concrete reservoir basin for waterproofing. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , it includes a reservoir basin 1, a reservoir dam 2, a toe slab 3 and a waterproof structure layer 4. The reservoir basin 1 is the bottom of the reservoir, the reservoir dam 2 is surrounded on the side of the reservoir basin 1 and forms the side wall of the reservoir. The toe slab 3 is installed at the connection of the reservoir basin 1 and the reservoir dam 2. The bottom of the toe slab 3 is connected to the reservoir basin 1, and the side wall of the toe slab 3 is connected to the reservoir dam 2. The waterproof structure layer 4 covers the surfaces of the toe slab 3 and the reservoir dam 2, and the waterproof structure layer 4 is used to improve the waterproof ability of the reservoir and reduce the probability of water seeping in from the connection of the reservoir basin 1 and the reservoir dam 2.
[0033] Referring to Figure 1, at least two grouting curtains 11 are provided at the bottom of the reservoir basin 1. The drill first drills vertically downward on the reservoir basin 1, and then injects cement mortar into the hole, so that the cement mortar forms a grouting curtain 11 after solidification. After the cement mortar is injected into the hole, it can fill the cracks in the reservoir basin 1 to form a continuous water-blocking curtain, thereby enhancing the structural strength and waterproofing ability of the reservoir basin 1. At least two grouting curtains 11 are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the reservoir basin 1. The grouting curtain 11 can enhance the stability of the reservoir basin 1 and the surrounding rocks, and prevent the foundation deformation or damage caused by seepage pressure. This is crucial for maintaining the integrity and safety of the reservoir structure.
[0034] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the reservoir dam 2 includes a mountain body 21, a rockfill layer 22, a filling layer 23 and a cushion zone 24. The rockfill layer 22 is laid on the mountain body 21. The rockfill layer 22 is formed by piling up stones with a maximum outer diameter less than or equal to 800 mm. The rockfill layer 22 mainly bears the water-retaining pressure and thrust. The rockfill layer 22 contains some fine materials, which can be compacted after retaining water, making the reservoir bank more firm. The filling layer 23 is laid on the rockfill layer 22. The filling layer 23 includes a sand layer and a gravel layer. The sand layer is composed of particles with a particle size of 0.2 mm - 2 mm, and the gravel layer is composed of gravel blocks with a diameter of 2 mm - 20 mm. The sand layer and the gravel layer cooperate with each other to form a closely packed structure, reducing voids and looseness, thereby enhancing the stability of the reservoir, improving the drainage efficiency, reducing the accumulation and retention of water in the reservoir basin 1, and helping to reduce the erosion of the water on the structure of the reservoir basin 1.
[0035] Refer to Figure 4 , the toe slab 3 is a block structure with a parallelogram cross-section. The bottom surface of the toe slab 3 is connected to the reservoir basin 1, and the side wall of the toe slab 3 abuts against the inclined surface of the reservoir dam 2. The waterproof structure layer 4 is laid on the outer surface of the toe slab 3, so that the waterproof structure layer 4 has better connection stability at the bottom of the reservoir dam 4. When there is more water stored in the reservoir, the water pressure at the bottom of the reservoir is greater and the risk of seepage is higher. By setting the toe slab 3, the probability of seepage at the bottom of the reservoir can be reduced.
[0036] Refer to Figure 4 , a plurality of connecting rods 31 are provided on the bottom surface and one side wall of the toe slab 3. One end of the connecting rod 31 is welded and fixed to the toe slab 3. The connecting rods 31 are respectively used to insert into the reservoir basin 1 and the reservoir dam 2. The connecting rods 31 can enhance the connection strength between the toe slab 3 and the reservoir basin 1 and the reservoir dam 2, and further reduce the probability of the water flow impacting the toe slab 3 and causing the displacement of the toe slab 3.
[0037] Refer to Figure 3, the waterproof structure layer 4 includes a base layer 41, a waterproof board layer 42, a mortar layer 43, a waterproof membrane layer 44, a protective layer 45 and an asphalt waterproof coating 46. The base layer 41 is laid with cement mortar. The waterproof board layer 42 is arranged on the upper surface of the base layer 41. It is necessary to ensure that there are no sharp objects and obvious unevenness on the surface of the base layer 41 so as to lay the waterproof board layer 42 subsequently. The waterproof board layer 42 is made of organic materials and can block the penetration of moisture. The mortar layer 43 is laid on the surface of the waterproof board layer 42. The waterproof membrane layer 44 is laid on the mortar layer 43. The waterproof membrane layer 44 can be made of HDPE membrane. The protective layer 45 is laid on the surface of the waterproof membrane layer 44. The asphalt waterproof coating 46 is sprayed on the surface of the protective layer 45.
[0038] The mortar layer 43 is formed by laying processed high polymer latex. The thickness of the high polymer latex is 80mm - 100mm. The high polymer latex itself has good waterproof performance and can serve as a waterproof barrier to increase the overall waterproof effect of the waterproof structure layer 4. The mortar layer 43 can prevent the penetration of moisture, protect the lower structure from moisture erosion, has high crack resistance, and can reduce the waterproof failure caused by the cracking of the base layer 41. The high polymer latex has certain elasticity and toughness, which can enhance the stability and anti-deformation ability of the whole waterproof structure layer 4.
[0039] The protective layer 45 is formed by pouring concrete. The thickness of the concrete is 70mm - 80mm. As a commonly used building material, concrete has good durability and stability. The thickness of 70mm - 80mm ensures that the protective layer 45 has sufficient strength to resist the erosion of the external environment (such as ultraviolet rays, oxidation, chemical substances, etc.), thereby extending the service life of the reservoir basin 1. The relatively thick protective layer 45 can resist a certain degree of physical impact and abrasion, preventing sharp objects or external forces from damaging the waterproof structure layer 4.
[0040] The main raw material of the asphalt waterproof coating 46 is specially treated asphalt, which has excellent water resistance and can effectively prevent moisture from penetrating into the building structure, thus protecting the safety and stability of the building. The asphalt waterproof coating 46 is rich in polymer materials, which can effectively resist ultraviolet rays. The asphalt waterproof coating 46 can maintain long-term stability, reducing the number of repairs and costs. The asphalt waterproof coating 46 has good toughness and can overcome the stress caused by the deformation or cracks of the building structure, thereby extending the service life of the roof and the building. The asphalt waterproof coating 46 can be applied to various complex bases, with simple construction, good flexibility and excellent anti-seepage effect. The asphalt waterproof coating 46 has the advantages of weather resistance and resistance to ski corrosion, and ages very slowly under the long-term action of ultraviolet rays.
[0041] Refer to Figure 3, the waterproof board layer 42 includes a waterproof board 421, bolts 422 and sealant 423. The bolts 422 penetrate through the waterproof board 421 and are threadedly fixed on the base layer 41, so that the waterproof board 421 is fixed in conformity with the base layer 41. The sealant 423 fills the gaps between adjacent waterproof boards 421, and the sealant 423 can submerge the waterproof board 421 and the bolts 422, thereby reducing the probability of the bolts 422 coming into contact with moisture and rusting.
[0042] The waterproof board 421 is a composite board with a melamine resin coating. The composite board with a melamine resin coating (commonly known as a melamine board) has multiple advantages: 1. The surface of the melamine board is flat, the structure is uniform, the hardness is high, and it is not easy to deform; 2. It also has wear-resistant and dust-proof properties and can resist general corrosion such as acids, alkalis, oils and greases, and alcohol; 3. The melamine board has good heat resistance and water resistance, which makes it suitable for various environments, especially for occasions that require moisture-proof and waterproof; 4. The melamine board is usually made of environmentally friendly materials and meets relevant environmental protection standards, and is a green and environmentally friendly building material product.
[0043] The implementation principle of the embodiment of this application is: by setting a waterproof structure layer 4 on the reservoir dam 2, the waterproof board layer 42, the mortar layer 43, the waterproof membrane layer 44, the protective layer 45 and the asphalt waterproof coating 46 form a multi-layer protection structure, forming a composite waterproof system. The base layer 41 provides a solid foundation for the entire waterproof system, and the waterproof board layer 42 enhances the tensile strength of the overall structure; the waterproof membrane layer 44 has excellent waterproof performance and durability; the protective layer 45 protects the waterproof membrane layer 44 from external damage, and the asphalt waterproof coating 46, as the outermost protection, further enhances the waterproof effect and durability, enabling the waterproof structure layer 4 to work for a long time.
[0044] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited by this. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A waterproof concrete basin, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reservoir basin (1), a reservoir dam (2), a toe board (3) and a waterproof structure layer (4); the reservoir dam (2) is arranged around one side of the reservoir basin (1); the toe board (3) is fixed at the connection between the reservoir basin (1) and the reservoir dam (2); the bottom of the toe board (3) is connected to the reservoir basin (1); the side wall of the toe board (3) is connected to the reservoir dam (2); and the waterproof structure layer (4) is arranged in contact with the surface of the toe board (3) and the reservoir dam (2).
2. A waterproof concrete basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of grouting curtains (11) are arranged at the bottom of the reservoir (1), and the plurality of grouting curtains (11) are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the reservoir (1).
3. The waterproof concrete basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reservoir dam (2) comprises a mountain (21), a rockfill layer (22), a filling layer (23) and a cushion layer area (24), wherein the rockfill layer (22) is laid on the mountain (21), the rockfill layer (22) is formed by stacking stones with a maximum outer diameter of less than or equal to 800 mm, the filling layer (23) is laid on the rockfill layer (22), the cushion layer area (24) is laid on the upper surface of the filling layer (23), the cushion layer area (24) is formed by pouring cement mortar, and a waterproof structural layer (4) is laid on the surface of the cushion layer area (24).
4. The waterproof concrete basin according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filling layer (23) comprises a sand layer and a crushed stone layer, wherein the sand layer is composed of particles with a particle size of 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and the crushed stone layer is composed of crushed stone blocks with a diameter of 2 mm to 20 mm, and the sand layer and the crushed stone layer cooperate with each other to form a tightly stacked structure.
5. The waterproof concrete basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof structure layer (4) comprises a base layer (41), a waterproof board layer (42), a mortar layer (43), a waterproof membrane layer (44), a protective layer (45) and an asphalt waterproof coating (46); the base layer (41) is formed by laying cement mortar; the waterproof board layer (42) is arranged on the upper surface of the base layer (41); the waterproof board layer (42) is made of organic material; the mortar layer (43) is laid on the surface of the waterproof board layer (42); the waterproof membrane layer (44) is laid on the mortar layer (43); the protective layer (45) is laid on the surface of the waterproof membrane layer (44); and the asphalt waterproof coating (46) is sprayed on the surface of the protective layer (45).
6. The waterproof concrete basin according to claim 5, characterized in that: The waterproof board layer (42) comprises a waterproof board (421) and bolts (422), wherein the bolts (422) penetrate the waterproof board (421) and are connected to the base layer (41).
7. The waterproof concrete basin according to claim 6, characterized in that: The waterproof boards (421) are provided with a sealant (423), and the sealant (423) fills the gaps between adjacent waterproof boards (421).
8. The waterproof concrete basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toe plate (3) is provided with a connecting rod (31), the connecting rod (31) is fixed to the bottom surface and one side surface of the toe plate (3), and the connecting rod (31) is used to be inserted into the reservoir basin (1) and the reservoir dam (2).