Planetary gear speed reducer with lubrication adjustment function

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of speed reducers, and discloses a planetary gear speed reducer with lubrication adjustment, which comprises an outer shell, a first-stage planetary transmission pair, a second-stage planetary transmission pair and a third-stage planetary transmission pair are arranged in the outer shell, a first accommodating cavity is arranged between the first-stage planetary transmission pair, the second-stage planetary transmission pair and the third-stage planetary transmission pair and the outer shell, and a second accommodating cavity is arranged between the second-stage planetary transmission pair and the third-stage planetary transmission pair. A second containing cavity is formed between the output gear shaft and the outer shell, the first containing cavity is used for being filled with lubricating oil, and the second containing cavity is used for being filled with lubricating grease. An adjusting oil tank is further included and communicates with the first containing cavity through a pipeline. A separated lubricating structure is adopted, and the bearing of the output gear shaft and the gears of the planet wheel transmission pairs of all stages respectively use different lubricating media, so that different lubricating requirements of the output gear shaft and the gears are met; and the adjusting oil tank is arranged, lubricating oil volume expansion caused by temperature change is compensated, and lubricating oil overflow is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of speed reducers, in particular to a planetary gear speed reducer with lubrication adjustment. Background Art

[0002] Planetary gear speed reducers are widely used due to their compact structure, high transmission efficiency and other characteristics. However, existing planetary gear speed reducers usually adopt a single lubricating oil system, that is, the same lubricating oil is used for gears and bearings. This approach has some drawbacks. The requirements for lubricating oil by bearings and gears are different, and it is difficult for a single lubricating oil system to meet the needs of both. Bearings require lubricating oil with high viscosity to withstand large loads, while gears require lubricating oil with low viscosity to reduce frictional losses. When using a single lubricating oil system, the bearings are prone to early wear due to poor lubrication, and the service life is shortened; at the same time, the high-viscosity lubricating oil will also increase the power loss of the gears and reduce the transmission efficiency.

[0003] In addition, during the operation of existing planetary gear speed reducers, due to the high-speed rotation of internal gears, a large amount of heat is generated, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the lubricating oil. The increase in temperature will cause the viscosity of the lubricating oil to decrease, thereby affecting the lubrication performance. Moreover, the change in temperature will cause the volume of the lubricating oil to expand. Without reasonable compensation measures, it will lead to the overflow of the lubricating oil, resulting in oil leakage. Oil leakage will not only pollute the environment, but also accelerate the wear of the speed reducer and shorten the service life.

[0004] To solve the above problems, a new lubrication structure is needed to separate the lubrication of gears and bearings. At the same time, an oil temperature monitoring and compensation device needs to be set up to ensure that when the temperature changes, the lubricating oil can maintain an appropriate viscosity and volume, and avoid the occurrence of oil leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a planetary gear speed reducer with lubrication adjustment.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment comprises an outer shell, a first-stage planetary transmission pair, a second-stage planetary transmission pair, and a third-stage planetary transmission pair are arranged in the outer shell, the first-stage planetary transmission pair, the second-stage planetary transmission pair, and the third-stage planetary transmission pair are sequentially connected, the first-stage planetary transmission pair is used to connect with a motor, the third-stage planetary transmission pair is connected with an output gear shaft, a first accommodating cavity is provided between the first-stage planetary transmission pair, the second-stage planetary transmission pair, the third-stage planetary transmission pair and the outer shell, a second accommodating cavity is provided between the output gear shaft and the outer shell, the first accommodating cavity is used to fill lubricating oil, and the second accommodating cavity is used to fill grease; and also comprises an adjusting oil tank, which is connected to the first accommodating cavity through a pipeline to compensate for the volume change of lubricating oil caused by temperature change. The adjusting oil tank is connected to the first accommodating cavity through a pipeline, because the first accommodating cavity adopts liquid lubricating oil, which is more sensitive to temperature and has a very obvious volume expansion at high temperature. At normal temperature, the first accommodating cavity is filled with lubricating oil, and when the volume of the lubricating oil expands, the lubricating oil will automatically flow into the adjusting oil tank, which can avoid the occurrence of lubricating oil overflow and oil leakage. Solid grease is combined with liquid lubricant to meet the different lubrication requirements of the two. Grease is used on multiple bearings outside the output gear shaft to increase the lubrication effect, which is conducive to long-term lubrication. Lubricant is used in the planetary transmission part. It can reduce the power loss of gear transmission and improve transmission efficiency.

[0008] It also includes a connecting flange, a flat key is installed on the inner side of the connecting flange, a deep groove ball bearing is installed between the flat key and the connecting flange, and the flat key is drivingly connected to the motor.

[0009] The regulating oil tank has at least two connection ports, one of which is connected to the first accommodating cavity, and the connecting flange is provided with a radial passage. The other connection port of the regulating oil tank is connected to the outer end of the passage through a pipeline, and the inner end of the passage leads to the deep groove ball bearing. Temperature changes will cause the volume of the lubricating oil to expand. The use of the oil tank to hold excess lubricating oil can avoid oil leakage caused by overflow of the lubricating oil, and can compensate for the lubrication of the planetary gear when the temperature drops.

[0010] The grease filled in the second accommodating cavity is lithium-based grease. Lithium-based grease can exert excellent lubrication performance under extremely harsh operating conditions, and the product's long-term use temperature range is -20 to 120°C.

[0011] It also includes a temperature sensor, which is used to sense the oil temperature in the first accommodating cavity. Real-time monitoring of lubricating oil temperature changes ensures that the lubricating oil maintains appropriate viscosity and lubrication performance; it avoids the heat generated by the high-speed operation of the internal gears, which will cause the lubricating oil temperature to be too high, causing the lubricating oil viscosity to decrease and affecting the lubrication performance. Tapered roller bearings can manage composite loads, and the tapered raceway geometry decomposes the axial load into radial components, which can simultaneously withstand the radial force and axial force generated by gear meshing. The axial positioning plays a limiting function, accurately constraining the axial displacement of the output gear shaft, especially under frequent start-stop or reverse load conditions, to prevent the gear pair from meshing and misaligning due to movement.

[0012] Several roller bearings are installed along the axial direction of the output gear shaft. The roller bearing at the connection between the output end and the three-stage planetary transmission pair is filled with grease that is not less than half of the bearing cavity and has spare space. To ensure the continuity of the oil film, the filling amount ≥50% ensures that a continuous lubrication film is formed in the contact area between the rolling element and the raceway to avoid boundary lubrication. The periodic axial force generated by the planetary transmission pair will squeeze the grease body, and the half-filling amount reserves deformation buffer space to prevent the solid grease from hardening and cracking.

[0013] Roller bearings include spherical roller bearings and tapered roller bearings. The core function of spherical roller bearings is the ability to adjust the self-aligning angle. The spherical surface design of the outer ring allows the bearing to automatically compensate for the axis alignment error within a certain range, such as installation deviation, thermal expansion or load deformation, to avoid local stress concentration caused by axis deviation.

[0014] The surface of the output gear shaft has an anti-corrosion coating to increase the surface strength and prevent corrosion.

[0015] The first-stage planetary transmission pair includes a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage planet carrier, and a first-stage planetary gear. The second-stage planetary transmission pair includes a second-stage sun gear, a second-stage planet carrier, and a second-stage planetary gear. The third-stage planetary transmission pair includes a third-stage sun gear, a third-stage planet carrier, and a third-stage planetary gear. The first-stage planetary gear is arranged on the first-stage planet carrier, the first-stage planetary gear is meshed with the first-stage sun gear, the second-stage sun gear is respectively meshed with the first-stage planet carrier and the second-stage planetary gear, the second-stage planetary gear is arranged on the second-stage planet carrier, the second-stage planetary gear is meshed with the second-stage sun gear, the third-stage sun gear is respectively meshed with the second-stage planet carrier and the third-stage planetary gear, the third-stage planetary gear is arranged on the third-stage planet carrier and drives the third-stage planet carrier to rotate, and the third-stage planet carrier is connected to the output gear shaft and drives the output gear shaft to rotate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the utility model has significant technical effects due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0017] The utility model adopts a split lubrication structure. The bearings of the output gear shaft and the gears of each planetary gear transmission pair use different lubricating media respectively, meeting the different lubrication requirements of both, avoiding the problem of early wear of the bearings due to poor lubrication, extending the service life, reducing the power loss of the gears at the same time, and improving the transmission efficiency;

[0018] An adjusting oil tank is provided, which can effectively compensate for the volume expansion of the lubricating oil caused by temperature changes, avoid the occurrence of lubricating oil overflow and oil leakage, reduce environmental pollution, and extend the service life of the speed reducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 Partial structural schematic diagram of the oil tank part provided by the utility model.

[0021] The names of the parts referred to by each digital label in the above drawings are as follows: Among them, 11, motor; 12, output gear shaft; 13, outer housing; 14, first accommodating cavity; 15, second accommodating cavity; 211, first-stage sun gear; 212, first-stage planetary carrier; 213, first-stage planetary gear; 221, second-stage sun gear; 222, second-stage planetary carrier; 223, second-stage planetary gear; 231, third-stage planetary carrier; 232, third-stage sun gear; 233, third-stage planetary gear; 3, coupling flange; 31, flat key. 32, deep groove ball bearing; 33, passage; 4, adjusting oil tank; 41, pipeline; 5, temperature sensor; 61, spherical roller bearing; 62, tapered roller bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Embodiment

[0023] A planetary gear speed reducer with lubrication adjustment, as Figure 1-2As shown, it includes an outer shell 13, in which a first-stage planetary transmission pair, a second-stage planetary transmission pair, and a third-stage planetary transmission pair are arranged, and the first-stage planetary transmission pair, the second-stage planetary transmission pair, and the third-stage planetary transmission pair are sequentially connected in transmission, the first-stage planetary transmission pair is used to be connected to the motor 11, and the third-stage planetary transmission pair is connected to the output gear shaft 12, and a first accommodating cavity 14 is provided between the first-stage planetary transmission pair, the second-stage planetary transmission pair, the third-stage planetary transmission pair and the outer shell 13, and a second accommodating cavity 15 is provided between the output gear shaft 12 and the outer shell 13, the first accommodating cavity 14 is used to fill lubricating oil, and the second accommodating cavity 15 is used to fill grease; it also includes an adjusting oil tank 4, which is connected to the first accommodating cavity 14 through a pipeline 41, and is used to compensate for the volume change of lubricating oil caused by temperature change. The regulating oil tank 4 is connected to the first accommodating cavity 14 through the pipeline 41. Because the first accommodating cavity 14 uses liquid lubricating oil, the lubricating oil is more sensitive to temperature and its volume expansion at high temperature will be very obvious. At room temperature, the first accommodating cavity is filled with lubricating oil. When the volume of the lubricating oil expands, the lubricating oil will automatically flow into the regulating oil tank, which can avoid the occurrence of lubricating oil overflow and oil leakage. Solid grease is used in combination with liquid lubricating oil.

[0024] It also includes a connecting flange 3 , a flat key 31 is installed on the inner side of the connecting flange 3 , a deep groove ball bearing 32 is installed between the flat key 31 and the connecting flange 3 , and the flat key 31 is drivingly connected to the motor 11 .

[0025] The regulating oil tank 4 has at least two connecting ports, one of which is connected to the first accommodating cavity 14 , and the connecting flange 3 is provided with a radial passage 33 . The other connecting port of the regulating oil tank 4 is connected to the outer end of the passage 33 through a pipe 41 , and the inner end of the passage 33 leads to the deep groove ball bearing 32 .

[0026] The lubricating grease filled in the second accommodating cavity 15 is lithium-based lubricating grease, which can exert excellent lubricating performance under extremely harsh operating conditions, and the product has a long-term use temperature range of -20 to 120°C.

[0027] It also includes a temperature sensor 5, which is used to sense the oil temperature in the first accommodating cavity 14. It monitors the temperature change of the lubricating oil in real time to ensure that the lubricating oil maintains appropriate viscosity and lubricating performance;

[0028] The output gear shaft 12 is provided with a plurality of roller bearings along the axial direction, wherein the roller bearing located at the connection between the output end and the three-stage planetary transmission pair is filled with grease not less than half of the bearing cavity and a spare space is reserved.

[0029] The roller bearings include a spherical roller bearing 61 and a tapered roller bearing 62 .

[0030] The surface of the output gear shaft 12 has an anti-corrosion coating, which increases the surface strength and corrosion resistance.

[0031] The first-level planetary gear pair includes a first-level sun gear 211, a first-level planet carrier 212, and first-level planet gears 213. The second-level planetary gear pair includes a second-level sun gear 221, a second-level planet carrier 222, and second-level planet gears 223. The third-level planetary gear pair includes a third-level sun gear 232, a third-level planet carrier 231, and third-level planet gears 233. The first-level planet gears 213 are arranged on the first-level planet carrier 212 and mesh with the first-level sun gear 211. The second-level sun gear 221 meshes with the first-level planet carrier 212 and the second-level planet gears 223 respectively. The second-level planet gears 223 are arranged on the second-level planet carrier 222 and mesh with the second-level sun gear 221. The third-level sun gear 232 meshes with the second-level planet carrier 222 and the third-level planet gears 233 respectively. The third-level planet gears 233 are arranged on the third-level planet carrier 231 and drive the third-level planet carrier 231 to rotate. The third-level planet carrier 231 is connected to the output gear shaft 12 and drives the output gear shaft 12 to rotate.

[0032] Working principle:

[0033] Normal working condition: The motor 11 drives the linked first-level planetary gear pair, second-level planetary gear pair, and third-level planetary gear pair to operate and rotate in sequence through a flat key. The working principle of the planetary gear pair is common knowledge for those skilled in the art and is not the technical problem to be solved by the present utility model, so it will not be elaborated here. The third-level planetary gear pair is connected to an output gear shaft. There is a second accommodation cavity 15 between the output gear shaft and the outer housing 13, and solid lubricating grease is added. There is a first accommodation cavity 14 between the first-level planetary gear pair, second-level planetary gear pair, third-level planetary gear pair and the outer housing 13, and liquid lubricating oil is added. Additionally, an adjustment oil tank 4 is externally connected to the outer housing 13. The adjustment oil tank 4 can be provided with an oil pump separately, or can be automatically adjusted by the oil pressure difference between the first accommodation cavity 14 and the adjustment oil tank 4. Control elements such as solenoid valves can be selected at the interface of the oil tank 4 to determine whether the oil tank is enabled. When the ambient temperature is too high or the working load is large, the temperature of the lubricating oil rises and the volume expands. The lubricating oil in the first accommodation cavity 14 flows into the oil tank to avoid oil spillage. When the temperature returns, the lubricating oil can flow back into the first accommodation cavity 14. The inflow and outflow of the lubricating oil can be controlled in combination with a temperature sensor 5. It can also be in a manner without additional control means. When the oil temperature rises, there will be no oil spillage and no increase in the pressure inside the gearbox. Then, if the pressure has reached the threshold, the lubricating oil will naturally flow into the adjustment oil tank 4.

[0034] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0035] In summary, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present utility model shall fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment, comprising an outer shell (13), wherein a first-stage planetary transmission pair, a second-stage planetary transmission pair, and a third-stage planetary transmission pair are arranged in the outer shell (13), wherein the first-stage planetary transmission pair, the second-stage planetary transmission pair, and the third-stage planetary transmission pair are sequentially connected in transmission, wherein the first-stage planetary transmission pair is used to be connected to a motor (11), and the third-stage planetary transmission pair is connected to an output gear shaft (12), wherein: A first accommodating cavity (14) is provided between the first-stage planetary transmission pair, the second-stage planetary transmission pair, the third-stage planetary transmission pair and the outer shell (13); a second accommodating cavity (15) is provided between the output gear shaft (12) and the outer shell (13); the first accommodating cavity (14) is used to be filled with lubricating oil, and the second accommodating cavity (15) is used to be filled with lubricating grease; It also includes an adjusting oil tank (4), which is connected to the first accommodating cavity (14) through a pipeline (41) and is used to compensate for changes in the volume of lubricating oil caused by temperature changes.

2. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting flange (3), a flat key (31) is installed on the inner side of the connecting flange (3), a deep groove ball bearing (32) is installed between the flat key (31) and the connecting flange (3), and the flat key (31) is transmission-connected to the motor (11).

3. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating oil tank (4) has at least two connection ports, one of which is in communication with the first accommodating cavity (14); the connecting flange (3) is provided with a radial passage (33); the other connection port of the regulating oil tank (4) is connected to the outer end of the passage (33) via a pipeline (41); and the inner end of the passage (33) leads to the deep groove ball bearing (32).

4. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating grease filled in the second accommodating cavity (15) is lithium-based lubricating grease.

5. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor (5), which is used to sense the oil temperature in the first accommodating cavity (14).

6. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output gear shaft (12) is provided with a plurality of roller bearings along the axial direction, wherein the roller bearing located at the connection between the output end and the three-stage planetary transmission pair is filled with grease that takes up not less than half of the space of the bearing cavity and a spare space is reserved.

7. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roller bearing comprises a spherical roller bearing (61) and a tapered roller bearing (62).

8. The planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the output gear shaft (12) has an anti-corrosion coating.

9. A planetary gear reducer with lubrication adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage planetary transmission pair comprises a first-stage sun gear (211), a first-stage planet carrier (212), and a first-stage planetary gear (213); the second-stage planetary transmission pair comprises a second-stage sun gear (221), a second-stage planet carrier (222), and a second-stage planetary gear (223); the third-stage planetary transmission pair comprises a third-stage sun gear (232), a third-stage planet carrier (231), and a third-stage planetary gear (233); the first-stage planetary gear (213) is arranged on the first-stage planet carrier (212); the first-stage planetary gear (213) meshes with the first-stage sun gear (211); and the second-stage sun gear (221) is respectively The second planetary gear (223) is meshed with the first planetary carrier (212) and the second planetary gear (223), the second planetary gear (223) is arranged on the second planetary carrier (222), the second planetary gear (223) is meshed with the second sun gear (221), the third sun gear (232) is respectively meshed with the second planetary carrier (222) and the third planetary gear (233), the third planetary gear (233) is arranged on the third planetary carrier (231) and drives the third planetary carrier (231) to rotate, and the third planetary carrier (231) is connected to the output gear shaft (12) and drives the output gear shaft (12) to rotate.

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