Fireproof current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fireproof current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker comprising a master control module, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, an electric leakage acquisition module, a temperature monitoring module, an RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth module, an MOS driving module, a current main path module and a man-machine interaction module. The voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the electric leakage acquisition module, the temperature monitoring module, the MOS driving module and the man-machine interaction module are all connected with the main control module, the main control module is connected with an upper computer through the RS485 communication module and is connected with a mobile terminal through the Bluetooth module, and the current main access module is connected in series with a live wire and a zero wire of a power line and is connected with the MOS driving module. The main control module processes and analyzes the collected live wire voltage, live wire current, leakage current and environment temperature, if one of the voltage, the current and the leakage current is abnormal, protection is triggered, and the MOS driving module drives an MOS tube of the current main access module to be switched off according to a control instruction of the main control module. The circuit breaker can rapidly cut off fault current at a microsecond-level speed so as to achieve the purposes of fire prevention and current limiting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of low-voltage distribution circuit breakers, in particular to a fire-proof current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker. Background Art

[0002] A circuit breaker is a commonly used electrical switching device in a power system, which is used to cut off the power in a circuit or protect circuit devices from current overload or short circuit damage. It can quickly cut off the circuit when detecting abnormal current in the circuit, preventing the current from continuing to flow, thereby protecting electrical equipment and the power system from damage.

[0003] A circuit breaker with fire-proof current-limiting function is an electrical protection switch designed to prevent fires or electrical failures caused by overload or short circuit in the circuit. It is required to accurately monitor the current. Once a current exceeding the rated value is detected, it will automatically cut off the circuit to prevent wire overheating and other potential fire risks. However, the current fire-proof current-limiting circuit breakers have problems such as slow cutting speed of fault current, low circuit life, poor safety and stability. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to propose a fire-proof current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A fire-proof current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker includes a main control module, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a leakage acquisition module, a temperature monitoring module, an RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth module, a MOS drive module, a main current path module and a human-computer interaction module; the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the leakage acquisition module, the temperature monitoring module, the MOS drive module and the human-computer interaction module are all connected to the main control module, the main control module is connected to the upper computer through the RS485 communication module and connected to the mobile terminal through the Bluetooth module, and the main current path module is connected in series on the live wire and the neutral wire of the power supply line and connected to the MOS drive module;

[0007] The main current path module includes multiple pairs of MOS transistors connected in parallel and an absorption circuit. Each pair of MOS transistors includes an upper MOS transistor and a lower MOS transistor. Each MOS transistor is connected to two resistors and a Schottky diode. The gate of the MOS transistor is connected to one end of the two resistors and the cathode of the Schottky diode. The other ends of the two resistors and the anode of the Schottky diode are connected to the MOS drive module. The sources of the upper MOS transistor and the lower MOS transistor are connected together and connected to the MOS drive module. The drain of the upper MOS transistor is connected to the live wire inlet end, and the drain of the lower MOS transistor is connected to the live wire outlet end; the absorption circuit includes a fifty-fourth resistor, a thirtieth capacitor, and a varistor. The fifty-fourth resistor and the thirtieth capacitor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the varistor. The two ends of the parallel circuit are respectively connected to the inlet end and the outlet end of the live wire.

[0008] Further, the circuit breaker further includes a metering module; the metering module includes a metering chip, a third capacitor to a ninth capacitor, and a second resistor to a fourth resistor; the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the DVDD pin of the metering chip and connected to the DC power supply at the same time, and the other end is connected to the power supply ground; one end of the second resistor is connected to the DC power supply, and the other end is connected to the AVDD pin of the metering chip; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power supply ground, and the other end is connected to the analog ground; the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the AVDD pin of the metering chip, and the other end is connected to the analog ground; one end of the third resistor and the seventh capacitor are connected to the RST_N pin of the metering chip at the same time, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the DC power supply, and the other end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the analog ground; the eighth capacitor and the ninth capacitor are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the REFV pin of the metering chip, and the other end is connected to the IS pin of the metering chip and connected to the power supply ground at the same time.

[0009] Further, the voltage acquisition module includes a voltage transformer, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth capacitor, and a fourteenth capacitor; the toroidal core of the voltage transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line. One end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the 1st pin of the voltage transformer. The other end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twelfth resistor are connected to the power supply ground. The other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the 2nd pin of the voltage transformer; one end of the thirteenth capacitor is connected to the 1st pin of the voltage transformer and the metering module at the same time. The other end of the thirteenth capacitor and one end of the fourteenth capacitor are connected to the power supply ground. The other end of the fourteenth capacitor is connected to the 2nd pin of the voltage transformer and the metering module at the same time.

[0010] Further, the current acquisition module includes a current transformer, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, and a second operational amplifier; the toroidal core of the current transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power supply line, the 1st pin of the current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor and the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the power ground; the 2nd pin of the current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the power ground, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the main control module.

[0011] Further, the leakage acquisition module includes a leakage transformer, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a first operational amplifier; the toroidal core of the leakage transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power supply line, the 1st pin of the leakage transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the ninth resistor and the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the ninth resistor and one end of the tenth resistor are simultaneously connected to the power ground, the other end of the tenth resistor is simultaneously connected to the 2nd pin of the leakage transformer and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the main control module.

[0012] Further, the circuit breaker further includes a switching power supply module and a power supply module. The switching power supply module converts 220V alternating current into 12V direct current, the power supply module converts 12V direct current into 5V direct current, and the 5V direct current is further converted into 3.3V direct current;

[0013] The switching power supply module includes a switching power supply chip, an inductor, a twenty-fourth capacitor, and a twenty-fifth capacitor; one end of the twenty-fourth capacitor is connected to the 3rd pin of the switching power supply chip, and the other end is connected to the 4th pin of the switching power supply chip. The 6th pin of the switching power supply chip is simultaneously connected to one end of the twenty-fifth capacitor and the inductor. The other end of the twenty-fifth capacitor is connected to the power ground, and the other end of the inductor outputs 12V direct current;

[0014] The power supply module includes a power supply chip, a 5V - 3.3V chip, twenty-fifth resistor to twenty-seventh resistor 7, and a twenty-third capacitor; the 1st pin of the power supply chip is connected to one end of the twenty-sixth resistor and connected to the power ground, the 5th pin is connected to the other end of the twenty-sixth resistor and one end of the twenty-fifth resistor, the 3rd pin is connected to the other end of the twenty-fifth resistor and the 12V DC power supply, the 4th pin is connected to one end of the twenty-seventh resistor and connected to the power ground, the 2nd pin is connected to the other end of the twenty-seventh resistor and one end of the twenty-third capacitor and connected to the 3rd pin of the 5V - 3.3V chip, and the 6th pin is connected to the other end of the twenty-third capacitor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0016] 1. The main current path module uses multiple pairs of MOS transistors as switching elements, with copper bars attached in terms of structure. It has strong current-carrying capacity and high voltage resistance. When there are abnormalities in the live wire voltage, live wire current, leakage current, and ambient temperature collected, it can quickly cut off the fault current at the microsecond level, ensuring the safe use of electrical equipment, achieving the purpose of fire prevention and current limiting, and avoiding the occurrence of electrical fires.

[0017] 2. The absorption circuit of the main current path module can completely absorb the energy stored in the circuit, reduce the spike voltage generated during the turn-off process of the MOS transistor, avoid the reverse breakdown of the parasitic diode of the MOS transistor, extend the service life of the MOS transistor, and make the turn-off speed of the MOS transistor faster, making the overall circuit safer and more stable.

[0018] 3. The circuit cooperation in the MOS drive module and the main current path module can achieve functions such as power regulation of the power network and soft start of equipment, and can better protect the load and circuit breaker when using motor-type loads.

[0019] 4. The present utility model combines the zero-crossing output of the metering module with the external interrupt function of the main control module to achieve zero-crossing connection and disconnection, which can extend the circuit life and avoid replacing the circuit breaker multiple times.

[0020] 5. The present utility model integrates a Bluetooth module, an RS485 communication module, and a human-machine interaction module, making it more intelligent, convenient, facilitating users to remotely and real-time observe the power consumption situation of the circuit breaker, supporting the modification of protection function parameters, being able to adapt to more power consumption scenarios and different power consumption requirements, and realizing an efficient, reliable, and intelligent power distribution method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is the overall control block diagram of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is the circuit diagram of the Bluetooth module of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is the circuit diagram of the metering module of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is the circuit diagram of the main control module of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 is the circuit diagram of the leakage current collection module of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 is the circuit diagram of the voltage collection module of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 is the circuit diagram of the current collection module of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 The circuit diagram of the human - machine interaction module of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 9 The circuit diagram of the power supply module of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 10 The circuit diagram of the switching power supply module of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 11 The circuit diagram of the temperature monitoring module of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 12 The circuit diagram of the RS485 communication module of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 13 The circuit diagram of the main current path module of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 14 The circuit diagram of the MOS drive module of the present utility model. Specific embodiments

[0035] The following provides specific embodiments in conjunction with the attached drawings. The specific embodiments are only used to introduce the technical solutions of the present utility model in detail and are not used to limit the protection scope of this application.

[0036] The present utility model is a fire - proof and current - limiting intelligent circuit breaker (referred to as circuit breaker, see Figures 1 to 14 ), which includes a main control module, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a leakage acquisition module, a metering module, an RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth module, a temperature monitoring module, a switching power supply module, a MOS drive module, a main current path module, a power supply module and a human - machine interaction module;

[0037] The voltage acquisition module, current acquisition module, and leakage current acquisition module are simultaneously connected to the main control module and the metering module. The main control module is simultaneously connected to the metering module, temperature monitoring module, MOS drive module, human-machine interaction module, RS485 communication module, and Bluetooth module. The main current path module is connected in series to the live wire and neutral wire of the power supply line and is connected to the MOS drive module. The voltage acquisition module, current acquisition module, and leakage current acquisition module respectively acquire the live wire voltage, live wire current, and leakage current. The metering module meters the live wire voltage, live wire current, and leakage current and calculates the power and electrical energy of the electrical equipment. The main control module processes and analyzes the acquired live wire voltage, live wire current, and leakage current, as well as the ambient temperature acquired by the temperature monitoring module. If there is an abnormality, it triggers protection. The main control module issues a control instruction, and the MOS drive module drives the MOS tube of the main current path module to turn off according to the control instruction of the main control module to cut off the line and ensure the safety of the electrical equipment. The circuit breaker communicates with the upper computer and the mobile terminal through the RS485 communication module and the Bluetooth module respectively, realizing functions such as remotely wireless / wired operating system opening and closing, reading real-time data, setting protection function status, protection data parameters, and reading fault records. The switching power supply module converts the 220V alternating current of the external power supply into 12V direct current, and then converts it into 3.3V direct current through the power supply module to supply power to the remaining modules. The human-machine interaction module is used to display various parameters and status in real time.

[0038] As Figure 2 shown, the Bluetooth module includes a light-emitting diode LEDA, a first resistor R1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a Bluetooth chip BLE1. The +3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode LEDA. The cathode of the light-emitting diode LEDA is connected to one end of the first resistor R1. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the 1st pin of the Bluetooth chip BLE1. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, with one end grounded and the other end connected to the 5th pin of the Bluetooth chip BLE1 and the +3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module. The Bluetooth module is used to realize Bluetooth communication between the circuit breaker and mobile terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers, facilitating data transmission.

[0039] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the metering module includes a metering chip U1, capacitors C3 to C9, and resistors R2 to R4. One end of the parallel connection of capacitor C3 and capacitor C4 is connected to the DVDD pin of the metering chip U1 and simultaneously connected to the 3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module, and the other end is connected to the power ground GND. One end of resistor R2 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module, and the other end is connected to the AVDD pin of the metering chip U1. One end of resistor R4 is connected to the power ground GND, and the other end is connected to the analog ground AGND. One end of the parallel connection of capacitor C5 and capacitor C6 is connected to the AVDD pin of the metering chip U1, and the other end is connected to the analog ground AGND. One end of resistor R3 and capacitor C7 is simultaneously connected to the RST_N pin of the metering chip U1. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply, and the other end of capacitor C7 is connected to the analog ground AGND. One end of the parallel connection of capacitor C8 and capacitor C9 is connected to the REFV pin of the metering chip U1, and the other end is connected to the IS pin of the metering chip U1 and simultaneously connected to the power ground GND. The model of the metering chip U1 is RN8209D.

[0040] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the leakage current acquisition module includes a leakage current transformer, resistor R9, resistor R10, and operational amplifier IC1A. The toroidal core of the leakage current transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line to sense the leakage current. The pin 1 of the leakage current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of resistor R9 and the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier IC1A. The other end of resistor R9 and one end of resistor R10 are simultaneously connected to the power ground. The other end of resistor R10 is simultaneously connected to the pin 2 of the leakage current transformer and the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier IC1A. The output terminal of operational amplifier IC1A is connected to the main control module. The model of operational amplifier IC1A is MCP6004-I / ST.

[0041] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, the voltage acquisition module includes a voltage transformer, resistor R11, resistor R12, capacitor C13, and capacitor C14. The toroidal core of the voltage transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line to sense the live wire voltage. One end of resistor R11 is connected to the pin 1 of the voltage transformer, and the other end is connected to the power ground. One end of resistor R12 is connected to the pin 2 of the voltage transformer, and the other end is connected to the power ground. One end of capacitor C13 is simultaneously connected to the pin 1 of the voltage transformer and the V3P pin of the metering chip U1, and the other end is connected to the power ground. One end of capacitor C14 is simultaneously connected to the pin 2 of the voltage transformer and the V3N pin of the metering chip U1. The acquired voltage signal needs to be transmitted to the metering module simultaneously.

[0042] As Figure 7 shown, the current acquisition module includes a current transformer, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, and a second operational amplifier IC1C; the toroidal core of the current transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line for sensing the live wire current; the pin 1 of the current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier IC1C, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the power ground; the pin 2 of the current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier IC1C, the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the power ground, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier IC1C is connected to the main control module. The model of the second operational amplifier IC1C is MCP6004-I / ST.

[0043] As Figure 8As shown, the human-computer interaction module includes resistor R15 to resistor R24, capacitor C15 to capacitor C22, button S1 to button S5, buzzer BP1, display screen, MOS transistor Q1, and indicator light L1 to indicator light L3. Among them, the 1st pin of button S1 is connected to one end of resistor R15 and capacitor C15 simultaneously and is connected to the main control module, the 2nd pin is connected to the other end of capacitor C15 and is connected to the power ground, and the other end of resistor R15 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module; the 1st pin of button S2 is connected to one end of resistor R16 and capacitor C16 simultaneously and is connected to the main control module, the 2nd pin is connected to the other end of capacitor C16 and is connected to the power ground, and the other end of resistor R16 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module; the 1st pin of button S3 is connected to one end of resistor R17 and capacitor C17 simultaneously and is connected to the main control module, the 2nd pin is connected to the other end of capacitor C17 and is connected to the power ground, and the other end of resistor R17 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module; the 1st pin of button S4 is connected to one end of resistor R19 and capacitor C18 simultaneously and is connected to the main control module, the 2nd pin is connected to the other end of capacitor C18 and is connected to the power ground, and the other end of resistor R19 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module; the 1st pin of button S5 is connected to one end of resistor R20 and capacitor C19 simultaneously and is connected to the main control module, the 2nd pin is connected to the other end of capacitor C19 and is connected to the power ground, and the other end of resistor R20 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply of the power supply module. The 1st pin of buzzer BP1 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply, the 2nd pin is connected to the drain of MOS transistor Q1, the source of MOS transistor Q1 is grounded, and the gate is connected to one end of resistor R18, and the other end of resistor R18 is connected to the main control module; the buzzer BP1 is used for alarm prompting when a circuit failure occurs. One end of indicator light L1, indicator light L2, and indicator light L3 are all connected to the 3.3V DC power supply, the other end of indicator light L1 is connected to the main control module through resistor R21, the other end of indicator light L2 is connected to the main control module through resistor R22, and the other end of indicator light L3 is connected to the main control module through resistor R23. Both ends of capacitor C21 are respectively connected to the 8th pin and the 9th pin of the display screen, both ends of capacitor C22 are respectively connected to the 10th pin and the 11th pin of the display screen, one end of resistor R24 is connected to the 13th pin of the display screen, and the other end is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply; one end of capacitor C20 is connected to the 12th pin of the display screen, and the other end is connected to the power ground.The display screen is mainly used to display real-time data including voltage, current, power, electric energy, etc. The function menu of the display screen is used to control the opening and closing of various protection functions.

[0044] As Figure 9 shown, the power supply module includes a power supply chip U3, a 5V - 3.3V chip U4, resistors R25 to R27, and a capacitor C23; the 1st pin of the power supply chip U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R26 and connected to the power ground, the 5th pin is connected to the other end of the resistor R26 and the one end of the resistor R25, the 3rd pin is connected to the other end of the resistor R25 and the 12V DC power supply, the 4th pin is connected to one end of the resistor R27 and connected to the power ground, the 2nd pin is connected to the other end of the resistor R27 and the one end of the capacitor C23 and connected to the 3rd pin of the 5V - 3.3V chip U4, and the 6th pin is connected to the other end of the capacitor C23.

[0045] As Figure 10 shown, the switching power supply module includes a switching power supply chip LS1, an inductor L1, a capacitor C24, and a capacitor C25; one end of the capacitor C24 is connected to the 3rd pin of the switching power supply chip LS1, and the other end is connected to the 4th pin of the switching power supply chip LS1. The 6th pin of the switching power supply chip LS1 is simultaneously connected to one end of the capacitor C25 and the inductor L1. The other end of the capacitor C25 is connected to the power ground, and the other end of the inductor L1 outputs 12V direct current. The switching power supply module is a separate power supply module. Through the switching power supply chip LS1, the 220V alternating current of the external power supply can be converted into a 12V DC power supply to supply power to the MOS drive module.

[0046] As Figure 11 shown, the temperature monitoring module includes a temperature sensor, resistors R28 to R31, and capacitors C26 to C29; the temperature sensor is connected to the main control module through a pin P2. The 2nd pin of the pin P2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the resistor R31 and the capacitor C29. The 4th pin of the pin P2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the resistor R30 and the capacitor C28. The 6th pin of the pin P2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the resistor R29 and the capacitor C27. The 8th pin of the pin P2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the resistor R28 and the capacitor C26. The other ends of the resistors R28 to R31 are all connected to the 3.3V DC power supply, and the other ends of the capacitors C26 to C29 are all connected to the power ground. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the circuit breaker in real time to avoid equipment damage caused by excessive temperature.

[0047] AsFigure 12 As shown, the RS485 communication module includes a 485 chip U6, resistors R32 to R37, a diode D1, an optocoupler U4, an optocoupler U5, a transistor B1, a light-emitting diode L4, and a capacitor C30. Among them, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R32 and the main control module at the same time. The other end of the resistor R32 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the output end of the optocoupler U4. The input end of the optocoupler U4 is connected to the collector of the transistor B1 through the resistor R33. The emitter of the transistor B1 is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode L4. The anode of the light-emitting diode L4 is connected to the V485 pin of the 485 chip U6. The base of the transistor B1 is connected to one end of the resistor R34, and the other end of the resistor R34 is connected to the RO pin of the 485 chip U6. The positive pole of the input end of the optocoupler U5 is connected to one end of the resistor R35, and the other end of the resistor R35 is connected to the 3.3V DC power supply. The negative pole of the input end of the optocoupler U5 is connected to the main control module. The collector of the output end of the optocoupler U5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C30, and the other end of the capacitor C30 is connected to the power ground. The emitter of the output end of the optocoupler U5 is connected to the / RE pin of the 485 chip U6 through the resistor R36. One end of the resistor R37 is connected to the / RE pin of the 485 chip U6, and the other end is connected to the power ground. The RS485 communication module can achieve real-time control and parameter reading of the circuit breaker in a half-duplex communication mode with a communication protocol.

[0048] As Figure 13As shown, the main current path module includes four pairs of MOS transistors connected in parallel and a snubber circuit. Each pair of MOS transistors includes an upper and a lower MOS transistor. Each MOS transistor is connected to two resistors and a Schottky diode. The gate of the MOS transistor is connected to one end of the two resistors and the cathode of the Schottky diode. The other ends of the two resistors and the anode of the Schottky diode are connected to the MOS drive module. The sources of the upper and lower MOS transistors are commonly connected and connected to the MOS drive module. The drain of the upper MOS transistor is connected to the live wire inlet terminal, and the drain of the lower MOS transistor is connected to the live wire outlet terminal. For example, the upper MOS transistor of the first group of switching elements is the first MOS transistor QS1, and the lower MOS transistor is the fifth MOS transistor QS5. The gate of the first MOS transistor QS1 is connected to one end of the 38th resistor R38 and the 39th resistor R39 and the cathode of the first Schottky diode N1. The other ends of the 38th resistor R38 and the 39th resistor R39 and the anode of the first Schottky diode N1 are connected to the MOS drive module. The drain of the first MOS transistor QS1 is connected to the live wire inlet terminal. The sources of the first MOS transistor QS1 and the fifth MOS transistor QS5 are commonly connected and connected to the MOS drive module. The gate of the fifth MOS transistor QS5 is connected to one end of the 46th resistor R46 and the 47th resistor R47 and the cathode of the fifth Schottky diode N1. The other ends of the 46th resistor R46 and the 47th resistor R47 and the anode of the fifth Schottky diode N1 are connected to the MOS drive module. The drain of the fifth MOS transistor QS5 is connected to the live wire outlet terminal. The snubber circuit includes the 54th resistor R54, the 30th capacitor C30, and the varistor Rp1. The 54th resistor R54 and the 30th capacitor C30 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the varistor Rp1. The two ends of the parallel circuit are respectively connected to the inlet terminal and the outlet terminal of the live wire.

[0049] As Figure 14 shown, the MOS drive module includes a power supply chip U7, a logic output optocoupler U8, a transformer T1, a first switching diode D2, a second switching diode D4, a second diode D3, a third diode D5, a second triode B2 to a fifth triode B5, a 31st capacitor C31 to a 44th capacitor C44, and a 55th resistor R55 to a 65th resistor R65;

[0050] Among them, the compensation port of the power supply chip U7 is connected to one end of the fifty-fifth resistor R55 and the anode of the first switching diode D2 at the same time. The cathode of the first switching diode D2 is connected to the Vref pin of the power supply chip U7, and the base is connected to the power supply ground through the thirty-second capacitor C32 and is connected to the Vref pin of the power supply chip U7 through the fifty-ninth resistor R59; the voltage feedback port of the power supply chip U7 is connected to one end of the fifty-sixth resistor R56, and the current detection port of the power supply chip U7 is connected to one end of the fifty-seventh resistor R57. The other ends of the fifty-fifth resistor R55, the fifty-sixth resistor R56, and the fifty-seventh resistor R57 are connected to the power supply ground at the same time; the RT / CT pin of the power supply chip U7 is connected to one end of the thirty-first capacitor C31 and the fifty-eighth resistor R58 at the same time. The other end of the thirty-first capacitor C31 is connected to the power supply ground, and the other end of the fifty-eighth resistor R58 is connected to the Vref pin of the power supply chip U7; one ends of the thirty-third capacitor C33 and the thirty-fourth capacitor C34 are connected to the VCC pin of the power supply chip U7 and are connected to the 12V DC power supply at the same time. The other ends of the thirty-third capacitor C33 and the thirty-fourth capacitor C34 are both connected to the power supply ground; one end of the thirty-fifth capacitor C35 is connected to the Vref pin of the power supply chip U7, and the other end is connected to the power supply ground; the output port of the power supply chip U7 is connected to one end of the sixty-first resistor R61. The other end of the sixty-first resistor R61 and one end of the sixtieth resistor R60 are connected to the bases of the second triode B2 and the third triode B3 in common. The other end of the sixtieth resistor R60 is connected to the power supply ground. The collectors of the second triode B2 and the third triode B3 are both connected to the 12V DC power supply. The emitters of the second triode B2 and the third triode B3 are connected in common and are connected to the negative pole of the primary winding of the transformer T1 through the sixty-second resistor R62 and the sixty-third resistor R63 in sequence. The positive pole of the primary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to one ends of the thirty-seventh capacitor C37 and the thirty-eighth capacitor C38 at the same time. The other ends of the thirty-seventh capacitor C37 and the thirty-eighth capacitor C38 are both connected to the power supply ground; the negative pole of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to the base of the second switching diode D4 through the thirty-sixth capacitor C36. The cathode of the second switching diode D4 is connected to one ends of the forty-second capacitor C42, the forty-third capacitor C43, the forty-fourth capacitor C44, and the cathode of the third diode D5 at the same time and is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. The other ends of the forty-second capacitor C42, the forty-third capacitor C43, the forty-fourth capacitor C44, and the anode of the third diode D5 are respectively connected to the source electrodes of the corresponding MOS tubes of the current main path module; the positive pole of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to the anode of the second switching diode D4 and one ends of the thirty-ninth capacitor C39, the fortieth capacitor C40, and the forty-first capacitor C41 at the same time and is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. The other ends of the thirty-ninth capacitor C39, the fortieth capacitor C40, and the forty-first capacitor C41 are respectively connected to the source electrodes of the corresponding MOS tubes of the current main path module;The anode of the second diode D3 is connected to the power ground, and the cathode is simultaneously connected to one end of the sixty-fourth resistor R64 and the MOS transistor control signal output terminal of the main control module. The other end of the sixty-fourth resistor R64 is connected to the AN pin of the logic output optocoupler U8. The VO1 and VO2 pins of the logic output optocoupler U8 are simultaneously connected to the bases of the fourth transistor B4 and the fifth transistor B5 in common. The collector of the fourth transistor B4 is connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply. The emitters of the fourth transistor B4 and the fifth transistor B5 are connected in common. The collector of the fifth transistor B5 and one end of the sixty-fifth resistor R65 are connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply. The other end of the sixty-fifth resistor R65 is connected to the source of the corresponding MOS transistor of the current main path module.

[0051] This circuit breaker is powered by a switching power supply. The 220V AC power is converted into 12V DC power through the switching power supply module. The 12V DC power supplies the MOS drive module, and at the same time, it is converted into 5V DC power. The 5V DC power supplies the cooling fan connected to the circuit breaker. The 5V DC power is also converted into 3.3V DC power through the power supply module, and then supplies power to the main control module, metering module, Bluetooth module, RS485 communication module, temperature monitoring module, human-machine interaction module, etc.

[0052] This circuit breaker uses two communication methods: RS485 communication and Bluetooth, realizing wired and wireless communication methods respectively. The Bluetooth module is connected to the STM32F103RCT6 chip of the main control module through the communication serial port. The Bluetooth module is also connected to mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets within a short distance range to achieve short-distance data transmission, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to monitor and repair the circuit breaker equipment. RS485 uses a half-duplex communication method and is paired with a communication protocol to achieve real-time control and parameter reading of the circuit breaker. The Bluetooth module uses a BLE Bluetooth module, and RS485 uses a TP8485 chip.

[0053] The working principle and working process of the present utility model are as follows:

[0054] The voltage acquisition module, current acquisition module, and leakage current acquisition module respectively collect the live wire voltage, live wire current, and leakage current. The metering module collects and measures the live wire voltage, live wire current, and leakage current. The temperature monitoring module collects the ambient temperature. The main control module processes and analyzes these data. If there is an abnormality, it triggers the protection mechanism. The main control module issues a control instruction. The MOS drive module controls all MOS transistors of the current main path module to turn off according to the control instruction of the main control module, and alarms through the buzzer of the human-machine interaction module to achieve the purpose of preventing fire and limiting current, ensuring the safety of electrical equipment and personnel. It can also adjust the ratio of the on-time to the off-time of the MOS transistor according to different loads to control the current and power in the circuit.

[0055] The parts not described in the present utility model are applicable to the prior art.

Claims

1. A fire-proof and current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker, characterized in that: The circuit breaker includes a main control module, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a leakage acquisition module, a temperature monitoring module, an RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth module, a MOS drive module, a current main path module and a human-computer interaction module; the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the leakage acquisition module, the temperature monitoring module, the MOS drive module and the human-computer interaction module are all connected to the main control module, the main control module is connected to the host computer through the RS485 communication module, and is connected to the mobile terminal through the Bluetooth module, and the current main path module is connected in series with the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line and is connected to the MOS drive module; The main current path module includes multiple pairs of MOS tubes connected in parallel and an absorption circuit, each pair of MOS tubes includes an upper MOS tube and a lower MOS tube, each MOS tube is connected to two resistors and a Schottky diode, the gate of the MOS tube is connected to one end of the two resistors and the cathode of the Schottky diode, the other end of the two resistors and the anode of the Schottky diode are connected to the MOS driving module, the source of the upper MOS tube and the lower MOS tube are connected in common and connected to the MOS driving module, the drain of the upper MOS tube is connected to the live wire input terminal, and the drain of the lower MOS tube is connected to the live wire output terminal; the absorption circuit includes a No. 54 resistor, a No. 30 capacitor and a varistor, the No. 54 resistor and the No. 30 capacitor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the varistor, and the two ends of the parallel circuit are respectively connected to the live wire input terminal and the output terminal.

2. The fire-proof and current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circuit breaker also includes a metering module; the metering module includes a metering chip, capacitors No. 3 to No. 9 and resistors No. 2 to No. 4; after capacitors No. 3 and No. 4 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the DVDD pin of the metering chip and is simultaneously connected to a DC power supply, and the other end is connected to a power ground; one end of resistor No. 2 is connected to a DC power supply, and the other end is connected to an AVDD pin of the metering chip; one end of resistor No. 4 is connected to a power ground, and the other end is connected to an analog ground; after capacitors No. 5 and No. 6 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the AVDD pin of the metering chip, and the other end is connected to an analog ground; one end of resistors No. 3 and No. 7 is simultaneously connected to the RST_N pin of the metering chip, the other end of resistor No. 3 is connected to a DC power supply, and the other end of capacitor No. 7 is connected to an analog ground; after capacitors No. 8 and No. 9 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the REFV pin of the metering chip, and the other end is connected to the IS pin of the metering chip and is simultaneously connected to a power ground.

3. The fire-proof and current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The voltage acquisition module includes a voltage transformer, a No. 11 resistor, a No. 12 resistor, a No. 13 capacitor and a No. 14 capacitor; the annular magnetic core of the voltage transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line, one end of the No. 11 resistor is connected to the No. 1 pin of the voltage transformer, the other end of the No. 11 resistor and one end of the No. 12 resistor are connected to the power ground, and the other end of the No. 12 resistor is connected to the No. 2 pin of the voltage transformer; one end of the No. 13 capacitor is connected to the No. 1 pin of the voltage transformer and the metering module at the same time, the other end of the No. 13 capacitor and one end of the No. 14 capacitor are connected to the power ground, and the other end of the No. 14 capacitor is connected to the No. 2 pin of the voltage transformer and the metering module at the same time.

4. The fire-proof and current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The current acquisition module includes a current transformer, a No. 13 resistor, a No. 14 resistor and a No. 2 operational amplifier; the annular magnetic core of the current transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line, the No. 1 pin of the current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the No. 13 resistor and the inverting input end of the No. 2 operational amplifier, and the other end of the No. 13 resistor is connected to the power ground; the No. 2 pin of the current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the No. 14 resistor and the non-phase input end of the No. 2 operational amplifier, the other end of the No. 14 resistor is connected to the power ground, and the output end of the No. 2 operational amplifier is connected to the main control module.

5. The fire-proof and current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The leakage current collection module includes a leakage current transformer, a No. 9 resistor, a No. 10 resistor and a No. 1 operational amplifier; the annular magnetic core of the leakage current transformer passes through the live wire and the neutral wire of the power line, the No. 1 pin of the leakage current transformer is simultaneously connected to one end of the No. 9 resistor and the inverting input end of the No. 1 operational amplifier, the other end of the No. 9 resistor and one end of the No. 10 resistor are simultaneously connected to the power ground, the other end of the No. 10 resistor is simultaneously connected to the No. 2 pin of the leakage current transformer and the non-phase input end of the No. 1 operational amplifier, and the output end of the No. 1 operational amplifier is connected to the main control module.

6. The fire-proof and current-limiting intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit breaker also includes a switching power supply module and a power supply module, the switching power supply module converts 220V AC power into 12V DC power and 5V DC power, and the power supply module converts 5V DC power into 3.3V DC power; The switching power supply module includes a switching power supply chip, an inductor, a capacitor No. 24 and a capacitor No. 25; one end of the capacitor No. 24 is connected to the pin No. 3 of the switching power supply chip, and the other end is connected to the pin No. 4 of the switching power supply chip, the pin No. 6 of the switching power supply chip is simultaneously connected to the capacitor No. 25 and one end of the inductor, the other end of the capacitor No. 25 is connected to the power ground, and the other end of the inductor outputs 12V direct power; The power module includes a power chip, a 5V-3.3V chip, resistors No. 25 to No. 27 and capacitor No. 23; pin No. 1 of the power chip is connected to one end of resistor No. 26 and to the power ground, pin No. 5 is connected to the other end of resistor No. 26 and one end of resistor No. 25, pin No. 3 is connected to the other end of resistor No. 25 and a 12V DC power supply, pin No. 4 is connected to one end of resistor No. 27 and to the power ground, pin No. 2 is connected to the other end of resistor No. 27 and one end of capacitor No. 23 and is connected to pin No. 3 of the 5V-3.3V chip, and pin No. 6 is connected to the other end of capacitor No. 23.

Images