Battery management system based on infrared communication

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery management system based on infrared communication, which belongs to the technical field of battery management and comprises a battery management mainboard and a plurality of battery management daughter boards connected with the battery management mainboard. Each battery management daughter board comprises a battery acquisition chip, and a first infrared communication module and a second infrared communication module which are connected with the battery acquisition chip, and the battery management daughter boards are sequentially connected in series for communication. According to the utility model, the first infrared communication module and the second infrared communication module are arranged on the battery management daughter board, and the battery management daughter boards are sequentially connected in series for communication, so that the wireless communication of the battery management system is realized. Meanwhile, the wireless transmission component diode and the light guide tube based on infrared communication are low in price and manufacturing cost, the anti-electromagnetic interference performance of infrared communication is high, and the stability and effectiveness of communication of the battery management system are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery management, and particularly relates to a battery management system based on infrared communication. Background Art

[0002] A battery management system (BMS for short) is a complex system used to monitor, control and manage the state of a battery pack, and is widely used in high-tech fields such as electric vehicles. The battery management system is a key technology to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the battery pack, providing a solid guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the battery.

[0003] At present, most battery management systems adopt wired solutions, such as using CAN communication or daisy-chain communication. In the prior art, the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN203218911U provides a battery module management system, which includes a plurality of sampling and balancing units, and one of the plurality of sampling and balancing units is connected to the battery management system through a cell monitoring chip. The sampling and balancing units can be connected in a daisy-chain manner, which reduces the wiring harness inside the battery pack to a certain extent. However, since communication wiring harnesses still need to be laid, on the one hand, the system cost is increased, and on the other hand, the production, installation and maintenance of the system are cumbersome and complex. Especially in battery management applications with high voltage and multiple battery strings, the problem of cumbersome wiring harnesses is still significant. For this reason, wireless battery management systems have emerged in the industry, mainly based on Bluetooth and WIFI communication technologies. However, these two types of technologies introduce new problems in application. Although wireless communication technology is adopted and the communication wiring harness is cancelled, due to the high cost of wireless modules, the construction cost of the battery management system remains high. In addition, based on Bluetooth and WIFI communication technologies, it is difficult to ensure the stability and effectiveness of communication in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need to provide a wireless battery management system based on infrared communication. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems in the related art, the utility model proposes a battery management system based on infrared communication to solve the technical problems such as high cost and difficulty in ensuring communication stability and effectiveness of the existing battery management system.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is realized as follows: A battery management system based on infrared communication includes a battery management main board and several battery management sub-boards; each battery management sub-board measures and controls at least one battery cell, and the battery cell provides operating voltage for the battery management sub-board; the battery management sub-board includes a battery acquisition chip, and a first infrared communication module and a second infrared communication module connected to the battery acquisition chip; both the first infrared communication module and the second infrared communication module are provided with communication ends for emitting or receiving infrared light; the two communication ends are arranged in pairs on both sides of the battery management sub-board, and they emit or receive infrared light in opposite directions.

[0007] The battery management main board is connected to the first infrared communication module of the battery management sub-board, and this battery management sub-board is connected to the first infrared communication module of another battery management sub-board through its second infrared communication module, and each battery management sub-board is connected in series for communication in turn; the two battery management sub-boards connected in series for communication are connected through air or through a light guide tube.

[0008] The utility model realizes wireless communication of the battery management system by setting a first infrared communication module and a second infrared communication module on the battery management sub-board and relying on the sequential series communication of each battery management sub-board. At the same time, the wireless transmission components such as diodes and light guide tubes based on infrared communication are inexpensive and have low manufacturing costs; and since the isolation transformer and the surrounding circuits necessary for daisy chain communication are cancelled, the cost can be effectively reduced. In addition, the infrared communication has strong anti-electromagnetic interference performance and can avoid the test of wired communication conduction interference, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the communication of the battery management system.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above solution, each infrared communication module includes a modulation and demodulation circuit unit, an infrared driving unit, an infrared light emitting diode, and an infrared photodiode; the battery acquisition chip is connected to the modulation and demodulation circuit unit and the infrared driving unit in sequence, and the infrared driving unit is respectively connected to the infrared light emitting diode and the infrared photodiode.

[0010] This battery management system is based on infrared communication. On the basis of the original battery acquisition chip, a modulation and demodulation circuit unit and an infrared driving unit are added to the peripheral circuit, and an infrared light emitting diode and an infrared photodiode are added for performing infrared communication. Without changing the communication protocol of the original battery acquisition chip, the communication interface of the daisy chain is converted into an infrared mode, and the original chip bottom layer driver, initialization process, and daisy chain automatic address allocation process remain unchanged, enabling the battery management system to perform automatic addressing according to the daisy chain mode, which is convenient for standardized production and installation.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above solution, the battery management daughter board includes a base case with an inner cavity, and a PCB board is installed in the inner cavity; the battery acquisition chip, the first infrared communication module, and the second infrared communication module are provided on the PCB board. The design of the inner cavity provides a stable and protected installation environment for the PCB board, effectively isolating dust, moisture, and mechanical shock in the external environment, ensuring the safety and reliability of precision components such as the battery acquisition chip, the first infrared communication module, and the second infrared communication module on the PCB board, and extending the service life of the product; at the same time, the inner cavity structure facilitates the precise positioning and fixing of the PCB board. By optimizing the size and shape of the inner cavity, it can ensure that the PCB board is quickly and accurately positioned during installation, reducing electrical connection problems caused by improper installation, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, light guide grooves are provided on both sides of the base case, and the two light guide grooves correspond to the communication ends of the first infrared communication module and the second infrared communication module respectively, and each infrared communication module emits or receives infrared light through the corresponding light guide groove.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, the effective distance of infrared communication between two battery management daughter boards is L 0 , and the actual distance of infrared communication between two battery management daughter boards is L;

[0014] When the path of infrared communication is a straight line and L ≤ L 0 , the infrared communication modules of the two battery management daughter boards are connected through the air; when the path of infrared communication is a curve, or L > L 0 , the infrared communication modules of the two battery management daughter boards are connected through a light guide tube.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above solution, when the two battery management daughter boards are connected through the air, the communication ends of the infrared communication modules of the two battery management daughter boards are aligned with each other; or, the included angle between the infrared optical axes for communication of the two battery management daughter boards is within ±15°.

[0016] When the two battery management daughter boards are connected through the air, strict requirements are imposed on the installation positions of the battery management daughter boards. The communication ends need to be aligned with each other or the error is within ±15°, which can ensure the stable and reliable infrared communication. When it is necessary to change the communication direction or perform long-distance communication, a light guide tube can be connected to achieve flexible communication between the two battery management daughter boards.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above solution, when the two battery management sub-boards are connected by a light guide tube, the shape of the light guide groove is adapted to that of the light guide tube, and the light guide tube is snapped into the light guide groove. The adaptation of the shapes of the light guide groove and the light guide tube makes the installation process intuitive and efficient. The user only needs to align the light guide tube with the light guide groove and snap it in to achieve a firm connection, significantly improving the installation efficiency.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above solution, the light guide tube is made of a flexible light guide material, and the infrared light used for communication between the two battery management sub-boards is transmitted along the extension direction of the light guide tube. Using a light guide material, such as PC with a high light transmittance, is inexpensive; the flexible and bendable property facilitates ensuring the effectiveness and reliability of infrared communication when changing the communication direction or for long-distance communication.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above solution, the light guide groove is an open groove structure, and a pressing plate is provided on the light guide groove. The pressing plate presses and fixes the snapped-in light guide tube on the base shell. The installation and fixation of the light guide tube are achieved through the pressing plate, which is convenient for the disassembly and installation of the light guide tube; at the same time, the pre-tightening effect of the pressing plate ensures the accuracy and reliability of the connection, effectively preventing the misalignment and loosening of the light guide tube during the installation process, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the light transmission path.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above solution, several fasteners are provided on the inner cavity side wall of the base shell; the fastener includes a fixed base provided on the inner cavity side wall, the fixed base is connected with an elastic buckling part, and the elastic buckling part has a guiding surface; the PCB board is introduced from the guiding surface, acting on the elastic buckling part to deform it, and buckling and fixing the PCB board in the inner cavity. The setting of the fasteners enables the disassembly and connection between the PCB board and the base shell. The user can easily take out or replace the PCB board without having to perform a large-scale disassembly of the entire system, thereby reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost and improving the overall usability and economy.

[0021] Advantages of the present utility model:

[0022] By providing a first infrared communication module and a second infrared communication module on the battery management sub-board, and relying on the sequential serial communication of each battery management sub-board, wireless communication of the battery management system is realized. At the same time, the wireless transmission components based on infrared communication, such as diodes and light guide tubes, are inexpensive and have a low manufacturing cost; and since the isolation transformer and the surrounding circuits necessary for daisy chain communication are eliminated, the cost can be effectively reduced. In addition, infrared communication has strong anti-electromagnetic interference performance and can avoid the test of wired communication conduction interference, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the communication of the battery management system. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the connection between the battery management main board and each battery management sub-board of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery management sub-board of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 Working principle diagram of the battery management sub-board of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 Working principle diagram of the infrared communication module of the present utility model;

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] J1, air connection; J2, light guide tube connection; T1, communication end;

[0029] H1, infrared light-emitting diode; H2, infrared photodiode;

[0030] 1, battery management sub-board;

[0031] 11, base shell; 11a, PCB board; 11b, light guide groove; 111, fastener; 1111, fixed base; 1112, elastic fastening part;

[0032] 12, battery acquisition chip; 13, first infrared communication module; 14, second infrared communication module; 15, light guide tube; 16, pressing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] As Figures 1-4 shown, a battery management system based on infrared communication includes a battery management main board and a plurality of battery management sub-boards 1; each battery management sub-board 1 measures and controls at least one battery cell, and the battery cell provides a working voltage for the battery management sub-board 1; the battery management sub-board 1 includes a battery acquisition chip 12, and a first infrared communication module 13 and a second infrared communication module 14 connected to the battery acquisition chip 12.

[0035] Both the first infrared communication module 13 and the second infrared communication module 14 are provided with communication ends T1 for emitting or receiving infrared light; the two communication ends T1 are arranged in pairs on both sides of the battery management sub-board 1, and the two emit or receive infrared light in opposite directions.

[0036] In this embodiment, each infrared communication module includes a modulation and demodulation circuit unit, an infrared driving unit, and a communication terminal T1; the communication terminal T1 includes an infrared light-emitting diode H1 for emitting infrared light and an infrared photodiode H2 for receiving infrared light; the battery acquisition chip 12 is successively connected to the modulation and demodulation circuit unit and the infrared driving unit, and the infrared driving unit is respectively connected to the infrared light-emitting diode H1 and the infrared photodiode H2; an integrated diode power supply is also provided, and the power supply enables the operation. Specifically, the optoelectronic driving unit is a circuit structure that uses the photoelectric effect to convert light energy into electrical energy or uses electrical energy to drive optical devices, so as to realize the detection, conversion, and control of optical signals and drive the infrared light-emitting diode H1 and the infrared photodiode H2 to work.

[0037] The modulation and demodulation circuit unit includes an encoder and a decoder. When sending data, the infrared communication module encodes the data to be sent (such as binary signals) into a format suitable for infrared transmission through the encoder, and after driving, it is sent out through the infrared light-emitting diode H1, converting electrical energy into infrared light energy and sending it out at a specific frequency and pulse width; when receiving, the infrared photodiode H2 processes the received infrared signal through amplification, filtering, etc., and the decoder decodes the received infrared pulse signal and restores it to the original data.

[0038] The battery management main board is connected to the first infrared communication module 13 of the battery management sub-board 1. The battery management sub-board 1 is connected to the first infrared communication module 13 of another battery management sub-board 1 through its second infrared communication module 14, and each battery management sub-board 1 is successively connected in series for communication; between two battery management sub-boards 1 connected in series for communication, there is an air connection J1 or a light guide tube connection J2. This battery management system is based on infrared communication. On the basis of the original battery acquisition chip 12, a modulation and demodulation circuit unit and an infrared driving unit are added to the peripheral circuit, and an infrared light-emitting diode H1 and an infrared photodiode H2 are added to perform infrared communication. Specifically, the battery acquisition chip 12 can use MC33775. Without changing the communication protocol of the original battery acquisition chip 12, the communication interface of the daisy chain is converted into an infrared mode, and the original chip bottom layer driver, initialization process, and daisy chain automatic address allocation process remain unchanged, enabling the battery management system to perform automatic addressing according to the daisy chain mode, which is convenient for standardized production and installation.

[0039] In this embodiment, the battery management daughter board 1 includes a base case 11 with an inner cavity, and a PCB board 11a is installed in the inner cavity; the battery acquisition chip 12, the first infrared communication module 13 and the second infrared communication module 14 are provided on the PCB board 11a. The design of the inner cavity provides a stable and protected installation environment for the PCB board 11a, effectively isolating dust, moisture and mechanical shock in the external environment, ensuring the safety and reliability of precision components such as the battery acquisition chip 12, the first infrared communication module 13 and the second infrared communication module 14 on the PCB board 11a, and extending the service life of the product; at the same time, the inner cavity structure facilitates the precise positioning and fixing of the PCB board 11a. By optimizing the size and shape of the inner cavity, it can be ensured that the PCB board 11a is quickly and accurately positioned during installation, reducing electrical connection problems caused by improper installation, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability. Specifically, a plurality of fasteners 111 are provided on the inner cavity side wall of the base case 11; the fastener 111 includes a fixed base 1111 provided on the inner cavity side wall, the fixed base 1111 is connected with an elastic fastening portion 1112, and the elastic fastening portion 1112 has a guiding surface; the PCB board 11a is introduced from the guiding surface, acting on the elastic fastening portion 1112 to deform it, and fastening and fixing the PCB board 11a in the inner cavity. The setting of the fastener 111 enables the PCB board 11a to be detachably connected to the base case 11, and the user can easily take out or replace the PCB board 11a without large-scale disassembly of the entire system, thereby reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost, and improving the overall usability and economy.

[0040] In this embodiment, light guide grooves 11b are provided on both sides of the base case 11, and the two light guide grooves 11b correspond to the communication ends T1 of the first infrared communication module 13 and the second infrared communication module 14 respectively, and each infrared communication module emits or receives infrared light through the corresponding light guide groove 11b.

[0041] In this embodiment, the effective distance of infrared communication between the two battery management daughter boards 1 is L 0 , and the actual distance of infrared communication between the two battery management daughter boards 1 is L; specifically, the effective distance L 0 ranges from 10 cm to 20 cm, preferably L 0 = 15 cm.

[0042] When the path of infrared communication is a straight line and L ≤ L 0 , the infrared communication modules of the two battery management daughter boards 1 are connected by air J1; when the path of infrared communication is a curve, or L > L 0 , the infrared communication modules of the two battery management daughter boards 1 are connected by a light guide tube J2.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the two battery management daughter boards 1 are connected by air connection J1, the communication terminals T1 of the infrared communication modules of the two battery management daughter boards 1 are aligned with each other; alternatively, the included angle between the infrared optical axes for communication of the two battery management daughter boards 1 is within ±15°. When the two battery management daughter boards 1 are connected by air connection J1, strict requirements are imposed on the installation positions of the battery management daughter boards 1, and the communication terminals T1 need to be aligned with each other or the error is within ±15°, which can ensure the stable and reliable infrared communication. When it is necessary to change the communication direction or perform long-distance communication, the light guide tube 15 can be connected to achieve flexible communication between the two battery management daughter boards 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the two battery management daughter boards 1 are connected by the light guide tube connection J2, the shape of the light guide groove 11b is adapted to the shape of the light guide tube 15, and the light guide tube 15 is snapped into the light guide groove 11b. The adaptation of the shape of the light guide groove 11b to the light guide tube 15 makes the installation process intuitive and efficient. The user only needs to align the light guide tube 15 with the light guide groove 11b and snap it in to achieve a firm connection, significantly improving the installation efficiency.

[0045] In this embodiment, the light guide tube 15 is made of a flexible light guide material, and the infrared light for communication between the two battery management daughter boards 1 is transmitted along the extension direction of the light guide tube 15. Using a light guide material, such as PC with a high light transmittance, is inexpensive; the flexible and bendable property facilitates ensuring the effectiveness and reliability of infrared communication when changing the communication direction or performing long-distance communication.

[0046] In this embodiment, the light guide groove 11b is an open groove structure, and a pressing plate 16 is provided on the light guide groove 11b. The pressing plate 16 presses and fixes the snapped-in light guide tube 15 on the base case 11. The installation and fixation of the light guide tube 15 are realized through the pressing plate 16, which facilitates the disassembly and installation of the light guide tube 15; at the same time, the pre-tightening effect of the pressing plate 16 ensures the accuracy and reliability of the connection, effectively preventing the misalignment and loosening of the light guide tube 15 during the installation process, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the light transmission path.

[0047] Through the above solution of the present utility model, in specific applications: a first infrared communication module 13 and a second infrared communication module 14 are provided on the battery management daughter board 1, and wireless communication of the battery management system is realized by means of the sequential serial communication of each battery management daughter board 1; at the same time, the wireless transmission components based on infrared communication, such as diodes and light guide tubes 15, are inexpensive, effectively reducing the manufacturing cost; in addition, the isolation transformer and the surrounding circuits necessary for daisy chain communication are eliminated, further reducing the cost; the infrared communication has strong anti-electromagnetic interference performance and can avoid the test of wired communication conduction interference, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the communication of the battery management system.

[0048] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art to which the present utility model pertains can also make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery management system based on infrared communication, comprising a battery management main board and a plurality of battery management sub-boards; each battery management sub-board measures and controls at least one battery cell, and the battery cell provides a working voltage for the battery management sub-board; characterized in that: The battery management sub-board includes a battery collection chip, and a first infrared communication module and a second infrared communication module connected to the battery collection chip; the first infrared communication module and the second infrared communication module are both provided with a communication terminal for emitting or receiving infrared light; the two communication terminals are arranged in pairs on both sides of the battery management sub-board, and the two terminals emit or receive infrared light in opposite directions; The battery management main board is connected to the first infrared communication module of the battery management sub-board, and the battery management sub-board is connected to the first infrared communication module of another battery management sub-board through its second infrared communication module. The battery management sub-boards communicate in series in sequence; the two battery management sub-boards communicating in series are connected through air or through a light guide.

2. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each infrared communication module includes a modulation and demodulation circuit unit, an infrared driving unit, an infrared light emitting diode, and an infrared photodiode; the battery collection chip is connected to the modulation and demodulation circuit unit and the infrared driving unit in sequence, and the infrared driving unit is connected to the infrared light emitting diode and the infrared photodiode respectively.

3. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management sub-board includes a base shell with an inner cavity, in which a PCB board is installed; the battery acquisition chip, the first infrared communication module and the second infrared communication module are arranged on the PCB board.

4. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: Light guide grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the base shell, and the light guide grooves on both sides correspond to the communication ends of the first infrared communication module and the second infrared communication module respectively, and each infrared communication module emits or receives infrared light through the corresponding light guide groove.

5. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The effective distance of infrared communication between two battery management sub-boards is L0, and the actual distance of infrared communication between two battery management sub-boards is L; When the infrared communication path is a straight line and L≤L0, the infrared communication modules of the two battery management sub-boards are connected through the air; when the infrared communication path is a curve, or L>L0, the infrared communication modules of the two battery management sub-boards are connected through light guides.

6. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the two battery management sub-boards are connected through air, the communication ends of the infrared communication modules of the two battery management sub-boards are aligned with each other; or, the angle of the infrared optical axes used for communication between the two battery management sub-boards is within ±15°.

7. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the two battery management sub-boards are connected via the light guide tube, the shapes of the light guide groove and the light guide tube are adapted to each other, and the light guide tube is inserted into the light guide groove.

8. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 7, characterized in that: The light guide tube is made of a flexible light-guiding material, and the infrared light used for communication between the two battery management sub-boards is transmitted along the extension direction of the light guide tube.

9. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 8, characterized in that: The light guide groove is an open groove structure, and a pressing plate is provided on the light guide groove. The pressing plate presses and fixes the inserted light guide tube on the base shell.

10. A battery management system based on infrared communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of fasteners are provided on the inner cavity side wall of the base shell; The fastener includes a fixed base arranged on the side wall of the inner cavity, the fixed base is connected to an elastic buckling portion, and the elastic buckling portion has a guide surface; the PCB board is introduced from the guide surface, acts on the elastic buckling portion to deform it, and the PCB board is buckled and fixed in the inner cavity.

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