Dust removal device for high-temperature tail gas containing carbon particles

Abstract

The utility model relates to a dust removal device for high-temperature tail gas containing carbon particles, which comprises a first tail gas conveying pipe, a gas collecting hood, a first air mixer and a gravity dust remover are arranged on the first tail gas conveying pipe, and the gravity dust remover comprises a shell, an exhaust pipe, a baffle plate, a filter screen, a gas inlet pipe and a star-shaped air-lock valve; the air inlet pipe is communicated with the first tail gas conveying pipe, the exhaust pipe is provided with the inlet end of a second tail gas conveying pipe, the second tail gas conveying pipe is provided with a second air mixer, the outlet end of the second tail gas conveying pipe is provided with a bag-type dust collector, and the bag-type dust collector is provided with an induced draft fan unit. The first air mixer and the second air mixer each comprise an air mixing tank, an air mixing bent pipe, an air guide cone and a spiral blade. Acid gas in the tail gas is removed, and the content and temperature of carbon powder carried in the tail gas conveyed to the bag-type dust collector are reduced. The utility model has the advantages of convenient use and wide market prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of tail gas dust removal equipment, and particularly relates to a dust removal device for high-temperature tail gas containing carbon particles. Background Technique

[0002] The principle of extracting aluminum by the low-valent compound method is as follows: The compound of trivalent aluminum reacts with a reducing agent at high temperature to form a low-valent aluminum compound that is gaseous at high temperature. Lowering the temperature causes the low-valent aluminum compound to disproportionate and decompose into metallic aluminum and the compound of trivalent aluminum. After separation, pure aluminum can be obtained. Since the discovery of low-valent aluminum compounds, the method of directly extracting aluminum from alumina or bauxite has been repeatedly studied. Wilmuth first proposed that low-valent aluminum compounds can be prepared not only from metallic aluminum but also from a mixture of alumina and carbon. The reaction equations are as follows:

[0003] , Equation 1;

[0004] Equation 2;

[0005] The suitable conditions for Equation 1 are: the temperature is 1000°C to 1200°C, and the pressure is below 5 mmHg; when the temperature is 1400°C to 1500°C, the pressure is 20 mmHg. The higher the temperature, the higher the pressure can be correspondingly. Equation 2 reaches a very high rate at 1500°C and P = 4.0×103 Pa, and the generated AlCl gas will decompose into metallic aluminum and AlCl upon cooling 3 , heating a mixture of alumina, aluminum sulfide, and carbon to above 1000°C will produce low-valent aluminum sulfide, which then decomposes into pure aluminum and aluminum sulfide upon cooling. The aluminum sulfide is recycled in the process, and the reaction is as follows:

[0006] Equation 3;

[0007] Equation 4;

[0008] The cooling temperature is controlled above the sublimation temperature of Al 2 S 3 and below the sublimation temperature of aluminum, so that aluminum condenses and separates from aluminum sulfide, and the aluminum sulfide can be led to another condenser for cooling. Using bauxite instead of alumina, and mixing it with Al 2 S 3 and carbon in a resistance heating furnace at a pressure of about 5 mmHg and heating to 1500°C. At this time, the Al 2 S vapor and CO enter the condenser to cool and form Al 2 S 3 and metallic aluminum. Then, the metallic aluminum and Al 2 S 3 are heated to below the melting temperature of aluminum to separate aluminum from Al2 S 3 It is separated. The aluminum purity is 99.6%.

[0009] In this method, the tail gas discharged during the process contains carbon powder particles and acidic gases. Since the temperature of the tail gas is relatively high and it contains both carbon powder particles and acidic gases at the same time, the treatment of the tail gas is relatively complicated. According to the "Technical Guide for Domestic Waste Treatment" (Jiancheng 〔2010〕 No. 61) formulated by the three ministries (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, National Development and Reform Commission, and Ministry of Environmental Protection), it is required that "a bag filter must be installed in the flue gas purification system to remove dust pollutants in the incineration flue gas. Acidic pollutants include hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, etc. Dry, semi-dry, wet or a combination of treatment processes should be selected to remove them." However, when the high-temperature gas and the tail gas containing carbon powder particles are directly transported to the bag filter, the carbon powder particles adhere to the dust removal bag in the bag filter. Since the carbon powder particles are in a high-temperature combustion state, the dust removal bag in the bag filter will catch fire, resulting in damage to the equipment. Therefore, it should be considered to remove acidic gases and reduce the carbon powder content as much as possible during the process of cooling the tail gas extracted by the low-valent compound method, so as to enable the stable operation of the tail gas treatment and ensure the safe use of the bag filter, thereby reducing the maintenance frequency of the bag filter, reducing the operating costs of the enterprise, and ensuring that the tail gas treatment meets national requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a dust removal device for high-temperature tail gas containing carbon particles, which can remove acidic gases in the tail gas and reduce the carbon powder content and temperature carried in the tail gas transported to the bag filter, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: A dust removal device for high-temperature tail gas containing carbon particles, including a first tail gas conveying pipe. Along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the first tail gas conveying pipe, a gas collecting hood, a first air mixer, and a gravity dust collector are sequentially arranged. The gravity dust collector includes a shell, an exhaust pipe arranged on the shell, a baffle plate arranged in the shell below the exhaust pipe, a filter screen arranged between the baffle plate and the shell, an air inlet pipe arranged on the filter screen and the shell, and a star airtight device arranged on the shell below the filter screen; the air inlet pipe is communicated with the first tail gas conveying pipe, the inlet end of a second tail gas conveying pipe is arranged on the exhaust pipe, a second air mixer is arranged on the second tail gas conveying pipe, a bag filter is arranged at the outlet end of the second tail gas conveying pipe, and a fan group is arranged on the bag filter. Both the first air mixer and the second air mixer include a mixing gas tank and a mixing air elbow, a gas guiding cone, and a spiral blade sequentially arranged in the mixing gas tank along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the mixing gas tank.

[0012] Preferably, a quicklime powder conveying pipe is arranged on the mixing air elbow of the first air mixer. Along the direction from near the first air mixer to far from the first air mixer, the quicklime powder conveying pipe is successively provided with an outlet end of a first cold air conveying branch pipe, a one-way valve, a feeder, a flap butterfly valve and a quicklime powder storage tank. An outlet end of a second cold air conveying branch pipe is arranged on the mixing air elbow of the second air mixer. An inlet end of the second cold air conveying branch pipe and an inlet end of the first cold air conveying branch pipe are provided with a cold air conveying main pipe. Along the direction from the inlet end of the cold air conveying main pipe to the outlet end of the cold air conveying main pipe, a fan unit, a heat exchanger and a first temperature sensor are successively arranged on the cold air conveying main pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a feeding motor is arranged on the feeder. The bottom of the quicklime powder storage tank is in a hopper shape. The quicklime powder storage tank is provided with a storage tank support. A gravity sensor is arranged between the storage tank support and the quicklime powder storage tank. The number of the gravity sensors is several, and the several gravity sensors are distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the quicklime powder storage tank.

[0014] Preferably, a first regulating valve is respectively arranged on the first cold air conveying branch pipe and the second cold air conveying branch pipe. A first on-line chromatograph is arranged on the first tail gas conveying pipe between the first air mixer and the air collecting hood. A second on-line chromatograph is arranged on the second tail gas conveying pipe between the second air mixer and the exhaust pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a second temperature sensor is arranged on the first tail gas conveying pipe between the first air mixer and the air collecting hood. A third temperature sensor is arranged on the second tail gas conveying pipe between the second air mixer and the exhaust pipe. A fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the second air mixer and the bag filter.

[0016] Preferably, the cross section of the baffle is in an arc structure. The exhaust pipe is located on the central axis of the shell. The filter screen is in an annular structure. The number of the air inlet pipes is several, and the several air inlet pipes are evenly distributed in a star shape outside the exhaust pipe.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: First, the utility model realizes the first cooling and conditioning treatment of the tail gas by using a part of the compressed air flow cooled by the heat exchanger to carry the calcium oxide powder and convey it to the tail gas of the first tail gas conveying pipe, and then uses the remaining compressed air cooled by the heat exchanger for the gas after the first gas-solid separation by the gravity dust collector to cool the tail gas for the second time, thereby realizing the technical purpose of cooling the tail gas and reducing the carbon powder particles carried in the tail gas itself, further realizing the use safety of the bag filter and reducing the maintenance frequency of the bag filter.

[0018] Second, the bottoms of the shell of the utility model and the bottom of the quicklime powder storage tank are both in a hopper shape; the hopper shape is convenient for guiding solid substances.

[0019] Finally, a gravity sensor is provided between the storage tank support of the present utility model and the quicklime powder storage tank. The number of gravity sensors is several, and the several gravity sensors are distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the quicklime powder storage tank; installing several gravity sensors facilitates improving the stability of data feedback and avoiding the inability to feedback weight data caused by the damage of a single gravity sensor.

[0020] The present utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, ingenious design, greatly improving work efficiency, having good social and economic benefits, and being a product easy to promote and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of Detail A.

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of Detail B.

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of Detail C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Such as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, a dust removal device for high-temperature tail gas containing carbon particles includes a first tail gas delivery pipe 1. Along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the first tail gas delivery pipe 1, a gas collecting hood 2, a second regulating valve 36, a first air mixer, and a gravity dust collector are sequentially arranged. The gravity dust collector includes a housing 3. A discharge air pipe 4 is arranged on the housing 3. A baffle 5 is arranged inside the housing 3 below the discharge air pipe 4. A filter screen 6 is arranged between the baffle 5 and the housing 3. An intake pipe 7 is arranged on the filter screen 6 and the housing 3. A star airtight valve 8 is arranged on the housing 3 below the filter screen 6. The intake pipe 7 is communicated with the first tail gas delivery pipe 1. The inlet end of a second tail gas delivery pipe 9 is arranged on the discharge air pipe 4. A second air mixer is arranged on the second tail gas delivery pipe 9. A bag filter 10 is arranged at the outlet end of the second tail gas delivery pipe 9. An induced draft fan set 11 is arranged on the bag filter 10. Both the first air mixer and the second air mixer include a mixing gas tank 12, and a mixing air elbow 13, a gas guiding cone 14, and a spiral blade 15 are sequentially arranged inside the mixing gas tank 12 along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the mixing gas tank 12. A quicklime powder delivery pipe 16 is arranged on the mixing air elbow 13 of the first air mixer. Along the direction from near the first air mixer to far from the first air mixer, the outlet end of a first cold air delivery branch pipe 17, a one-way valve 18, a feeder 19, a flap butterfly valve 20, and a quicklime powder storage tank 21 are sequentially arranged on the quicklime powder delivery pipe 16. The outlet end of a second cold air delivery branch pipe 22 is arranged on the mixing air elbow 13 of the second air mixer. The inlet ends of the second cold air delivery branch pipe 22 and the first cold air delivery branch pipe 17 are provided with a cold air delivery main pipe 23. Along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the cold air delivery main pipe 23, a blower set 24, a heat source channel of a heat exchanger 25, and a first temperature sensor 26 are sequentially arranged on the cold air delivery main pipe 23.

[0026] A feeding motor 27 is arranged on the feeder 19. The bottoms of the housing 3 and the quicklime powder storage tank 21 both adopt a hopper structure. The quicklime powder storage tank 21 is provided with a storage tank support 28. A gravity sensor 29 is arranged between the storage tank support 28 and the quicklime powder storage tank 21. The number of the gravity sensors 29 is several, and several gravity sensors 29 are distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the quicklime powder storage tank 21.

[0027] First regulating valves 30 are respectively arranged on both the first cold air delivery branch pipe 17 and the second cold air delivery branch pipe 22. A first on-line chromatograph 31 is arranged on the first tail gas delivery pipe 1 between the first air mixer and the gas collecting hood 2. A second on-line chromatograph 32 is arranged on the second tail gas delivery pipe 9 between the second air mixer and the discharge air pipe 4. The installation of the first on-line chromatograph 31 and the second on-line chromatograph 32 is for facilitating the feedback of component parameters.

[0028] A second temperature sensor 33 is provided on the first exhaust gas delivery pipe 1 between the first air mixing device and the air collecting hood 2, a third temperature sensor 34 is provided on the second exhaust gas delivery pipe 9 between the second air mixing device and the exhaust pipe 4, and a fourth temperature sensor 35 is provided between the second air mixing device and the bag filter 10; the installation of the second temperature sensor 33, the third temperature sensor 34, and the fourth temperature sensor 35 is for facilitating the feedback of temperature parameters.

[0029] The inner cavity diameter of the baffle 5 gradually decreases as the height of the baffle 5 increases. The exhaust gas carrying mechanical impurities forms a baffle that deflects downward of the filter screen 6 under the action of the baffle 5, so that the mechanical impurities in the exhaust gas come into contact with the housing 3 again, and the mechanical impurities in the exhaust gas are removed under the combined action of the self-weight of the mechanical impurities and the filter screen 6; preferably, the baffle 5 adopts an inverted funnel-shaped structure, the cross-section of the baffle 5 adopts an arc structure, the exhaust pipe 4 is located on the central axis of the housing 3, the filter screen 6 adopts a ring structure, the number of the intake pipes 7 is several, and several intake pipes 7 are evenly distributed in a star shape outside the exhaust pipe 4; preferably, the number of the intake pipes 7 is four or six, and each intake pipe 7 is communicated with the outlet end of the first exhaust gas delivery pipe 1.

[0030] The usage method of this product is as follows, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, including the following steps:

[0031] S1. Turn on the induced draft fan unit 11. The upstream tail gas enters the first tail gas delivery pipe 1 through the gas collecting hood 2, and the component parameters are first fed back by the first online chromatograph 31 and the temperature parameter is first fed back by the second temperature sensor 33, and then it is delivered to the mixing gas tank 12 of the first air mixer. According to the component parameters fed back by the first online chromatograph 31, the quicklime powder storage tank 21 continuously supplies calcium oxide powder into the quicklime powder delivery pipe 16. The speed at which the quicklime powder storage tank 21 supplies calcium oxide powder outward is judged by the data fed back by the gravity sensor 29. After the calcium oxide powder enters the lime powder delivery pipe 16, it is decelerated by the feeder 19 and then passes through the one-way valve 18. The speed at which the feeder 19 delivers calcium oxide powder depends on the output power of the feeding motor 27. At the same time, turn on the blower unit 24. The outside air enters the main cold air delivery pipe 23 and then enters the heat source channel of the heat exchanger 25 and counterflows with the medium continuously fed into the cold source channel of the heat exchanger 25 to form cooled compressed air. Then, it is delivered to the quicklime powder delivery pipe 16 through the first cold air delivery branch pipe 17 and directly mixed with the calcium oxide powder continuously passing through the one-way valve 18. Then, the cooled compressed air carrying the calcium oxide powder is delivered into the mixing gas tank 12 of the first air mixer through the mixing air elbow 13 of the first air mixer and is mixed with the tail gas continuously delivered to the mixing gas tank 12 of the first air mixer under the combined action of the air guiding cone 14 of the first air mixer and the spiral blades 15 of the first air mixer, so as to realize the first direct cooling of the tail gas and the conditioning treatment of the acidic gas contained in the tail gas, and then it is delivered to the gravity dust collector.

[0032] S2. The tail gas after the first direct cooling and conditioning treatment enters the shell 3 through the intake pipe 7. Under the combined action of its own gravity and the filter screen 6, part of the mechanical impurities in the tail gas are temporarily stored in the shell 3 below the filter screen 6 and the baffle 5 and are continuously delivered outward through the star airtight feeder 8, and the remaining mechanical impurities are delivered to the second tail gas delivery pipe 9 through the exhaust pipe 4. The mechanical impurities are calcium oxide powder reacted with acidic gas and carbon powder particles carried in the tail gas itself.

[0033] S3. The tail gas entering the second tail gas conveying pipe 9 carries the remaining mechanical impurities. After the second component parameter feedback by the second on-line chromatograph 32 and the second temperature parameter feedback by the third temperature sensor 34, it is conveyed to the mixing gas tank 12 of the second air mixer. The feeding speed of calcium oxide powder from the calcium oxide powder storage tank 21 is further adjusted according to the data feedback by the second on-line chromatograph 32. At the same time, the power of the blower unit 24 is further adjusted according to the parameters feedback by the third temperature sensor 34, and the opening degrees of the first regulating valves 30 of the first cold air conveying branch pipe 17 and the first regulating valves 30 of the second cold air conveying branch pipe 22 are reasonably adjusted. At this time, the compressed air cooled by the heat exchanger 25 and conveyed outward by the cold air conveying main pipe 23 is divided into two parts. The first part of the compressed air is still conveyed to the calcium oxide powder conveying pipe 16 through the first cold air conveying branch pipe 17. The second part of the compressed air is conveyed to the mixing gas tank 12 of the second air mixer through the second cold air conveying branch pipe 22 and the mixing air elbow 13 of the second air mixer, so as to be mixed with the tail gas carrying the remaining mechanical impurities continuously conveyed in the mixing gas tank 12 of the second air mixer, realizing the second direct cooling of the tail gas. The tail gas after the second direct cooling is conveyed to the bag filter 10 for gas-solid separation after the temperature is feedback by the fourth temperature sensor 35, so as to remove the remaining mechanical impurities carried in the tail gas. The tail gas discharged from the gas phase outlet of the bag filter 10 is conveyed to the downstream for further in-depth treatment of the tail gas.

[0034] Through this embodiment, the technical purpose of realizing the first cooling and conditioning treatment of the tail gas by using a part of the compressed air flow cooled by the heat exchanger 25 to carry the calcium oxide powder and convey it to the tail gas of the first tail gas conveying pipe 1, and then using the remaining compressed air cooled by the heat exchanger 25 for the second cooling of the tail gas after the first gas-solid separation by the gravity dust collector is achieved. Thus, the technical purpose of cooling the tail gas and reducing the carbon powder particles carried in the tail gas itself is achieved, and further, the use safety of the bag filter 10 is realized, and the maintenance frequency of the bag filter 10 is reduced.

[0035] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the scope of the present invention patent should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for high temperature tail gas containing carbon particles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first tail gas delivery pipe (1), wherein the first tail gas delivery pipe (1) is provided with an air collecting hood (2), a first air mixer and a gravity dust collector in sequence along the direction from the inlet end of the first tail gas delivery pipe (1) to the outlet end of the first tail gas delivery pipe (1), wherein the gravity dust collector comprises a shell (3), an exhaust pipe (4) provided on the shell (3), a baffle (5) provided in the shell (3) below the exhaust pipe (4), a filter (6) provided between the baffle (5) and the shell (3), an air inlet pipe (7) provided on the filter (6) and the shell (3), and a star-shaped air blocker (8) provided on the shell (3) below the filter (6). The air inlet pipe (7) is connected to the first exhaust gas delivery pipe (1); the exhaust pipe (4) is provided with an inlet end of the second exhaust gas delivery pipe (9); the second exhaust gas delivery pipe (9) is provided with a second air mixer; the outlet end of the second exhaust gas delivery pipe (9) is provided with a bag dust collector (10); the bag dust collector (10) is provided with an induced draft unit (11); the first air mixer and the second air mixer both include an air mixing tank (12) and an air mixing bend pipe (13), an air guide cone (14) and a spiral blade (15) arranged in sequence in the air mixing tank (12) along the direction from the inlet end of the air mixing tank (12) to the outlet end of the air mixing tank (12).

2. The dust removal device for high temperature tail gas containing carbon particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing air bend (13) of the first air mixer is provided with a quicklime powder conveying pipe (16), and the quicklime powder conveying pipe (16) is provided with the outlet end of the first cold air conveying branch pipe (17), a one-way valve (18), a feeder (19), a plug-in butterfly valve (20) and a quicklime powder storage tank (21) in sequence along the direction from close to the first air mixer to far away from the first air mixer. The mixing air bend (13) of the second air mixer is provided with the outlet end of the second cold air conveying branch pipe (22), and the inlet end of the second cold air conveying branch pipe (22) and the inlet end of the first cold air conveying branch pipe (17) are provided with a cold air conveying main pipe (23), and the cold air conveying main pipe (23) is provided with an air supply unit (24), a heat exchanger (25) and a first temperature sensor (26) in sequence along the direction from the inlet end of the cold air conveying main pipe (23) to the outlet end of the cold air conveying main pipe (23).

3. The dust removal device for high temperature tail gas containing carbon particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeder (19) is provided with a feeder motor (27), the bottom of the quicklime powder storage tank (21) is bucket-shaped, the quicklime powder storage tank (21) is provided with a storage tank bracket (28), a gravity sensor (29) is provided between the storage tank bracket (28) and the quicklime powder storage tank (21), the number of the gravity sensors (29) is a plurality, and the plurality of gravity sensors (29) are distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the quicklime powder storage tank (21).

4. The dust removal device for high temperature tail gas containing carbon particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cold air delivery branch pipe (17) and the second cold air delivery branch pipe (22) are each provided with a first regulating valve (30), the first exhaust gas delivery pipe (1) between the first air mixer and the air collecting hood (2) is provided with a first online chromatogram (31), and the second exhaust gas delivery pipe (9) between the second air mixer and the exhaust pipe (4) is provided with a second online chromatogram (32).

5. The dust removal device for high temperature tail gas containing carbon particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second temperature sensor (33) is provided on the first exhaust gas conveying pipe (1) between the first air mixer and the air collecting hood (2), a third temperature sensor (34) is provided on the second exhaust gas conveying pipe (9) between the second air mixer and the exhaust pipe (4), and a fourth temperature sensor (35) is provided on the second air mixer and the bag dust collector (10).

6. The dust removal device for high temperature tail gas containing carbon particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the baffle plate (5) is of an arc-shaped structure, the exhaust pipe (4) is located on the central axis of the shell (3), the filter screen (6) is of an annular structure, and the number of intake pipes (7) is a plurality, and the plurality of intake pipes (7) are evenly distributed in a star shape on the outside of the exhaust pipe (4).

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