Straw line collecting and field returning strip plowing combined machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a straw collecting and returning strip plowing combined machine. The device comprises a rack, the traction frame is fixedly installed on the rack and used for being connected with a power vehicle; the straw collecting and returning device, the rotary tillage device and the ridging device are sequentially mounted on the rack from front to back, the rotary tillage device is used for shallowly rotating soil, and the ridging device is used for ridging the soil crushed by the rotary tillage device. The straw collecting and returning device comprises a first power source installed on the machine frame, at least one draught fan in transmission connection with the first power source, a straw inlet pipe connected with an air inlet of the draught fan and a straw collecting pipe connected with an air outlet of the draught fan. According to the utility model, the straw collecting and returning device is arranged and is used for picking up and sucking non-rotten straws into the fan for re-crushing and backwards guiding the non-rotten straws into the corresponding furrows when the strip shallow rotation is carried out to form large ridges, so that the problem that the non-rotten straws interfere with the seeding operation in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a straw collecting and returning strip tillage and soil preparation combined operation machine. Background Art

[0002] The technical mode of corn straw mulching and returning strip tillage planting requires mechanized operation for straw returning as the basis, and then adopts the method of no-till (less-till). The strip tillage and soil preparation combined operation machine is used to carry out strip tillage and shallow rotary tillage on the strip to be sown, and the no-till seeder is used for sowing operation. This mode promotes the innovation of corn conservation tillage, dispels farmers' doubts about conservation tillage, and can be perfectly connected with farmers' traditional farming habits, thus rapidly promoting the whole amount of corn straw returning to the field and truly solving the problem of straw burning. The strip to be sown after strip shallow rotary tillage can store water and preserve soil moisture, resist drought and waterlogging, prevent soil compaction. The fallow strip covered with corn straw can reduce soil wind erosion and water erosion, reduce soil nutrient loss, effectively inhibit weed growth, greatly reduce the usage amount of herbicides. After the corn straw rots and returns to the field, it can improve soil fertility, improve the physical properties of the soil, reduce the bulk density of the soil plough layer, effectively improve soil activity, and reduce the usage amount of a certain amount of chemical fertilizers.

[0003] However, the strip tillage and soil preparation combined operation machine in the prior art still has the following problems:

[0004] On the one hand, for low-lying and cool areas, due to high soil humidity and low ground temperature, the straw is not easy to rot, which causes certain troubles to corn yield and sowing operation.

[0005] On the other hand, for arid and semi-arid sandy areas, since the straw is only covered on the fallow strip and not mixed with the soil, it is easy to be blown away by the wind, affecting the emergence and growth of corn.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a straw collecting and returning strip tillage and soil preparation combined operation machine that can complete shallow rotary tillage, ridging and straw collecting and rowing into the ditch at one time. Summary of the Utility Model

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the unrotted straw affects sowing and the straw is only covered on the fallow strip and is easy to be blown away by the wind, and provides a straw collecting and returning strip tillage and soil preparation combined operation machine that integrates straw crushing, shallow rotary tillage and ridging, and straw returning to the field.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0009] A straw collecting and returning to the field strip tillage combined operation machine comprises: a frame; a traction frame fixedly mounted on the frame and used for connecting to a power vehicle; a straw collecting and returning to the field device, a rotary tillage device for shallowly rotating the soil, and a ridging device for ridging the soil broken by the rotary tillage device, which are sequentially mounted on the frame from front to back;

[0010] The straw collecting and returning device includes a first power source installed on a frame, at least one fan transmission-connected to the first power source, a straw inlet pipe connected to the air inlet of the fan, and a straw collecting pipe connected to the air outlet of the fan; the inlet of the straw inlet pipe is arranged at the front end of the frame, and the outlet of the straw collecting pipe is arranged at the rear end of the frame; when the fan rotates, the straw located at the front end of the frame enters from the inlet of the straw inlet pipe, is crushed by the fan blades of the fan, and is discharged from the outlet of the straw collecting pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the fans include two fans, which are respectively mounted on racks on both sides of the first power source.

[0012] Furthermore, the two fans are connected to the first power source via a first transmission assembly;

[0013] The first transmission assembly includes a multi-layer driving wheel coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the first power source, and a fan driven wheel connected to the multi-layer driving wheel through a belt drive, and the fan driven wheel is installed on the corresponding fan to drive the corresponding fan to rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotary tilling device includes a second power source installed on the frame, a transmission gearbox transmission-connected to the second power source, a rotary tilling shaft transmission-connected to the first output shaft of the transmission gearbox via a second transmission assembly, and a plurality of rotary tilling blades installed on the rotary tilling shaft; the transmission gearbox is installed on the frame, the rotary tilling shaft is rotatably installed at the lower part of the frame, and when in use, the plurality of rotary tilling blades are in contact with the soil.

[0015] Furthermore, the ridging device comprises a ridging shaft connected to the second output shaft of the transmission gearbox via a third transmission assembly, a plurality of sections of pressing cylinders mounted on the ridging shaft, and a plurality of groups of ridging disc assemblies mounted on the pressing cylinders;

[0016] The ridging convex disc assembly is installed at the adjacent ends of the two pressing cylinders.

[0017] Furthermore, the ridging disc assembly comprises a first ridging convex disc and a second ridging convex disc installed on two adjacent pressing cylinders, and the first ridging convex disc and the second ridging convex disc are arranged opposite to each other.

[0018] Further, the third transmission assembly includes an intermediate shaft rotatably mounted on the frame, a first driving sprocket and a second driving sprocket coaxially arranged with the second output shaft of the transmission gearbox, and a first driven sprocket and a second driven sprocket respectively connected to the first driving sprocket and the second driving sprocket by chain drives; the first driven sprocket and the second driven sprocket are both arranged on the intermediate shaft, and a first transmission sprocket is further arranged on the intermediate shaft, and a second transmission sprocket connected to the transmission sprocket by a chain drive is mounted on the ridging shaft.

[0019] Further, there are four pressing cylinders arranged on the ridging shaft, and the second transmission sprocket is arranged on the ridging shaft between the middle two pressing cylinders.

[0020] Further, the ridging disc assembly includes three groups, which are respectively arranged at the ends of adjacent pressing cylinders.

[0021] Furthermore, the ridging shaft is installed on the frame by arranging two connecting assemblies;

[0022] The connecting assembly includes a mounting bracket opened at the rear end of the frame, a mounting long hole opened on the mounting bracket, and a connecting piece fitted and installed with the mounting long hole; the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the ridging shaft.

[0023] The beneficial effects of a straw centralized row returning and strip tillage and ridging combined operation machine of the present utility model are as follows:

[0024] The strip tillage and ridging combined operation machine of the present utility model is provided with a straw centralized row returning device, which is used for picking up and sucking the unrotted straw into the fan for re-grinding when strip shallow rotary tillage to form large ridges is carried out in autumn or after the frozen soil thaws in the following spring, and then guiding it backward into the corresponding furrows, solving the problem that the unrotted straw interferes with the seeding operation in the prior art. Moreover, the present utility model integrates a straw centralized row returning device, a rotary tillage device and a ridging device. First, the straw on the cultivated land is picked up and ground, then the rotary tillage device is used to break and loosen the soil and stubble without straw interference, and then the ridging device is used to ridge the broken and loosened soil and stubble, and carry out round-trip operations. Straw is introduced into all the furrows, and the straw and soil are mixed to quickly increase the ground temperature, achieving the purpose of ensuring the emergence rate and reducing the straw from being blown disorderly and away. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The following further describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 is the first perspective three-dimensional view of the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 is the second perspective three-dimensional view of the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the front view of.

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the side view of.

[0030] Figure 5 is the detailed view of the third transmission component of the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] Figure 6 is the detailed view of the connection component of the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, traction frame; 3, straw row - collecting and returning - to - field device; 31, first power source; 32, fan; 33, straw inlet pipe; 34, straw row - collecting pipe; 35, first transmission component; 351, multi - layer driving wheel; 352, fan driven wheel; 4, rotary tillage device; 41, transmission gearbox; 43, rotary tillage shaft; 44, rotary tillage blade; 5, ridging device; 51, third transmission component; 511, intermediate shaft; 512, first driving sprocket; 513, second driving sprocket; 514, first driven sprocket; 515, second driven sprocket; 516, first transmission sprocket; 517, second transmission sprocket; 52, ridging shaft; 53, pressing cylinder; 54, ridging disc assembly; 541, first ridging convex disc; 542, second ridging convex disc; 55, connection component; 551, mounting bracket; 552, mounting long hole; 553, connecting piece. Specific embodiments

[0033] Now, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present utility model in a schematic way, so they only show the components related to the present utility model.

[0034] Such as Figures 1-6The specific embodiment of the utility model shown is a straw collecting and returning to the field strip tillage combined operation machine, comprising: a frame 1; a traction frame 2 fixedly installed on the frame 1 for connecting to a power vehicle; a straw collecting and returning device 3 installed on the frame 1 from front to back, a rotary tillage device 4 for shallowly rotating the soil, and a ridging device 5 for ridging the soil broken by the rotary tillage device 4. The straw collecting and returning device 3 includes a first power source 31 installed on a frame 1, at least one fan 32 drivingly connected to the first power source 31, a straw inlet pipe 33 connected to the air inlet of the fan 32, and a straw collecting pipe 34 connected to the air outlet of the fan 32; the inlet of the straw inlet pipe 33 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, and the outlet of the straw collecting pipe 34 is arranged at the rear end of the frame 1; when the fan 32 rotates, the straw located at the front end of the frame 1 enters from the inlet of the straw inlet pipe 33, is crushed by the blades of the fan 32, and is discharged from the outlet of the straw collecting pipe 34.

[0035] In this embodiment, there are two fans 32, which are respectively mounted on the frame 1 on both sides of the first power source 31. The two fans 32 are both connected to the first power source 31 through a first transmission assembly 35; the first transmission assembly 35 includes a multi-layer driving wheel 351 coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the first power source 31, and a fan driven wheel 352 connected to the multi-layer driving wheel 351 through a belt transmission, and the fan driven wheel 352 is mounted on the corresponding fan 32 to drive the corresponding fan 32 to rotate.

[0036] The strip tillage combined operation machine of the present embodiment is provided with a straw collecting and returning device 3, which is used for picking up the non-rotten straw, sucking it into the fan 32 for re-crushing, and guiding it backward into the corresponding ridge ditch when the strip shallowly rotates to raise large ridges after thawing in autumn or the following spring, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the non-rotten straw interferes with the sowing operation.

[0037] Specifically, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the inlet longitudinal section of the straw inlet pipe 33 in this embodiment is set to a symmetrical trapezoidal structure, with a large opening facing the straw scattered on the ground. The strong centrifugal suction generated by the fan 32 picks up the straw and sucks it into the straw inlet pipe 33 and the straw collecting pipe 34 in turn, and further transports it to the tail of the straw collecting pipe 34, that is, the output port, and throws it into the corresponding ridge. The connection between the straw collecting pipe 34 and the corresponding fan 32 outlet is designed to be a movable hinge, so that the two straw collecting pipes 34 can swing left and right in the horizontal direction, which is convenient for adjustment with the corresponding ridge during the round-trip operation. The two fans 32 are installed on the frame 1 on the left and right, and the first power source 31 is driven by a belt to make the corresponding blades generate centrifugal suction. The first power source 31 in this embodiment is a diesel engine. Of course, it should be understood that the first power source 31 can also be other equipment, and there is no absolute limitation on the first power source 31 here.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the rotary tillage device 4 in this embodiment includes a second power source installed on the frame 1, a transmission gearbox 41 transmission-connected to the second power source, a rotary tillage shaft 43 transmission-connected to the first output shaft of the transmission gearbox 41 through a second transmission assembly, and a plurality of rotary tillage blades 44 installed on the rotary tillage shaft 43; the transmission gearbox 41 is installed on the frame 1, and the rotary tillage shaft 43 is rotationally installed at the lower part of the frame 1. When in use, the plurality of rotary tillage blades 44 are in contact with the soil. The second transmission assembly in this embodiment can be chain driven or belt driven, and those skilled in the art should be able to design and install it according to needs, and the specific structure of the second transmission assembly will not be described in detail here.

[0039] The second power source in this embodiment adopts a separate diesel engine or comes from the tractor power output shaft. When in use, the power of the transmission gearbox 41 comes from the tractor power output shaft. The rotary tillage device 4 is located in the middle of the working machine, and its rotary tillage blade 44 is provided with 100 pieces, axially 2 pieces and 4 pieces are alternately installed on the hollow rotary tillage shaft 43 to make a rotary motion.

[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the ridging device 5 is located at the rear end of the working machine, and the ridging device 5 includes a ridging shaft 52 that is connected to the second output shaft of the transmission gearbox 41 through a third transmission assembly 51, a multi-section pressing cylinder 53 installed on the ridging shaft 52, and a plurality of groups of ridging disc assemblies 54 installed on the pressing cylinder 53, and a ridging convex disc assembly is installed at the adjacent ends of the two pressing cylinders 53. As an embodiment, there are four pressing cylinders 53 arranged on the ridging shaft 52, and the second transmission sprocket 517 is arranged on the ridging shaft 52 between the two middle pressing cylinders 53. In this embodiment, the ridging disc assembly 54 includes three groups, which are respectively arranged at the ends of adjacent pressing cylinders 53. The ridging disc assembly 54 includes a first ridging convex disc 541 and a second ridging convex disc 542 installed on two adjacent pressing cylinders 53, and the first ridging convex disc 541 and the second ridging convex disc 542 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0041] It should be further explained that, in this embodiment, the third transmission assembly 51 includes an intermediate shaft 511 rotatably mounted on the frame 1, a first driving sprocket 512 and a second driving sprocket 513 coaxially arranged with the second output shaft of the transmission gearbox 41, and a first driven sprocket 514 and a second driven sprocket 515 respectively connected to the first driving sprocket 512 and the second driving sprocket 513 through chain transmission; the first driven sprocket 514 and the second driven sprocket 515 are both arranged on the intermediate shaft 511, and a first transmission sprocket 516 is also arranged on the intermediate shaft 511, and a second transmission sprocket 517 is installed on the ridging shaft 52, which is connected to the transmission sprocket through chain transmission.

[0042] In use, the ridging shaft 52 is driven by the intermediate shaft 511 through chain drive, with the outer sleeve press roller 53 sleeved thereon. The three pairs of ridging disc assemblies 54 divide the ridging shaft 52 into four sections. The middle two sections are used for forming large ridges. After shallow rotary tillage and soil loosening, the power of the transmission gearbox 41 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 511 through the cooperation of the first driving sprocket 512 and the first driven sprocket 514, and the cooperation and transmission of the second driving sprocket 513 and the second driven sprocket 515. The intermediate shaft 511 then conveys the power to the ridging shaft 52 through the first transmission sprocket 516, the second transmission sprocket 517 and the drive chain, driving the ridging convex discs to open ditches and form large ridges, while the ridge platform is pressed by the press roller 53.

[0043] In this embodiment, the ridging shaft 52 is installed on the frame 1 through two connecting components 55. Specifically, the connecting component 55 includes an installation frame 551 opened at the rear end of the frame 1, an installation long hole 552 opened on the installation frame 551, and a connecting piece 553 installed in cooperation with the installation long hole 552. The connecting piece 553 is rotatably connected to the ridging shaft 52. The design of the two installation long holes 552 can realize the position adjustment of the connecting piece 553 relative to the installation frame 551 in the vertical direction, so as to realize the adjustment of the distance between the ridging device 5 and the soil, enabling the ridging device 5 to be applicable to a variety of usage scenarios and increasing the applicability of the ridging device 5.

[0044] The utility model integrates the straw collecting and row - returning device 3, the rotary tillage device 4, and the ridging device 5. First, the straw on the cultivated land is picked up and crushed, then the rotary tillage device 4 is used to break and loosen the soil and stubble without straw interference, and then the ridging device 5 is used to ridge the broken and loosened soil and stubble, and the round - trip operation is carried out. Straw is introduced into the ridge furrows, and the straw is mixed with the soil to quickly increase the soil temperature, achieving the purpose of ensuring the emergence rate and reducing the straw from being blown away and disordered.

[0045] The operation process of the straw collecting and row - returning strip tillage and soil preparation combined operation machine in this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] When performing field operations, the tractor is articulated with the combined operation machine through a towing frame 2 (which is the three-point suspension device in this embodiment). The power of the output shaft of the tractor is transmitted to the rotary tillage shaft 43 of the rotary tillage device 4 through a transmission gearbox 41, driving the rotary tillage blades 44 to make a rotary motion to break up the soil and stubble. After shallow rotary tillage and loosening of the soil, the power of the transmission gearbox 41 is transmitted to an intermediate shaft 511 through a second transmission assembly, and the intermediate shaft 511 then conveys the power to a ridging shaft 52 through a drive chain, driving the ridging convex discs to open large ridges, and at the same time, the ridge platform is compacted by a compaction cylinder 53. While opening the large ridges, as another driving power, a diesel engine makes a blower 32 work through belt drive to generate a centrifugal suction force, sucking in the scattered straw of a certain length scattered on the ground through the inlet of a straw inlet pipe 33. After being beaten and crushed by the blades of the blower 32, the straw is thrown through a straw gathering pipe 34 and falls into the opened furrow, thus completing the operation process of straw gathering and returning to the field in strips for tillage and land preparation.

[0047] When the combined operation machine is operating, it can simultaneously form two large ridges and three furrows. During the outward journey, the straw is introduced into the two rightmost furrows, and no straw is introduced into the left furrow. During the return journey, the straw is introduced into the two leftmost furrows, and no straw is introduced into the right furrow. By going back and forth like this, straw is introduced into all the furrows that have been operated. The mixing of straw and soil can quickly increase the soil temperature, ensure the emergence rate, and reduce the straw from being blown around. At the same time, based on the combined operation machine in this embodiment that can simultaneously form two large ridges and three furrows, a wide-width model that can simultaneously form three or four large ridges can be designed to meet different usage requirements. The principle is similar to the above, and no detailed description will be given here.

[0048] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Obvious changes or variations derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw collecting and returning to the field strip tillage combined operation machine, characterized in that: include: A frame (1); a traction frame (2) fixedly mounted on the frame (1) and used for connecting to a power vehicle; a straw collecting and returning device (3) mounted on the frame (1) from front to back, a rotary tillage device (4) for shallowly rotating the soil, and a ridging device (5) for ridging the soil broken by the rotary tillage device (4); The straw collecting and returning device (3) comprises a first power source (31) mounted on a frame (1), at least one fan (32) drivingly connected to the first power source (31), a straw inlet pipe (33) connected to the air inlet of the fan (32), and a straw collecting pipe (34) connected to the air outlet of the fan (32); the inlet of the straw inlet pipe (33) is arranged at the front end of the frame (1), and the outlet of the straw collecting pipe (34) is arranged at the rear end of the frame (1); when the fan (32) rotates, the straw located at the front end of the frame (1) enters from the inlet of the straw inlet pipe (33), is crushed by the fan (32) blades of the fan (32), and is discharged from the outlet of the straw collecting pipe (34).

2. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fans (32) include two fans (32), which are respectively mounted on the frames (1) on both sides of the first power source (31).

3. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two fans (32) are both connected to the first power source (31) via a first transmission assembly (35); The first transmission assembly (35) comprises a multi-layer driving wheel (351) coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the first power source (31), and a fan driven wheel (352) connected to the multi-layer driving wheel (351) via a belt drive, wherein the fan driven wheel (352) is mounted on a corresponding fan (32) to drive the corresponding fan (32) to rotate.

4. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary tilling device (4) comprises a second power source mounted on the frame (1), a transmission gearbox (41) transmission-connected to the second power source, a rotary tilling shaft (43) transmission-connected to the first output shaft of the transmission gearbox (41) via a second transmission assembly, and a plurality of rotary tilling blades (44) mounted on the rotary tilling shaft (43); the transmission gearbox (41) is mounted on the frame (1), the rotary tilling shaft (43) is rotationally mounted at the bottom of the frame (1), and when in use, the plurality of rotary tilling blades (44) are in contact with the soil.

5. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ridging device (5) comprises a ridging shaft (52) connected to the second output shaft of the transmission gearbox (41) via a third transmission assembly (51), a plurality of sections of a pressing cylinder (53) mounted on the ridging shaft (52), and a plurality of groups of ridging disc assemblies (54) mounted on the pressing cylinder (53); The ridging convex disc assembly is installed at adjacent ends of two pressing cylinders (53).

6. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ridging disc assembly (54) comprises a first ridging convex disc (541) and a second ridging convex disc (542) mounted on two adjacent pressing cylinders (53), wherein the first ridging convex disc (541) and the second ridging convex disc (542) are arranged opposite to each other.

7. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third transmission assembly (51) comprises an intermediate shaft (511) rotatably mounted on the frame (1), a first driving sprocket (512) and a second driving sprocket (513) coaxially arranged with the second output shaft of the transmission gearbox (41), and a first driven sprocket (514) and a second driven sprocket (515) respectively connected to the first driving sprocket (512) and the second driving sprocket (513) through chain transmission; the first driven sprocket (514) and the second driven sprocket (515) are both arranged on the intermediate shaft (511), a first transmission sprocket (516) is also arranged on the intermediate shaft (511), and a second transmission sprocket (517) connected to the transmission sprocket through chain transmission is installed on the ridging shaft (52).

8. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are four pressing cylinders (53) arranged on the ridging shaft (52), and the second transmission sprocket (517) is arranged on the ridging shaft (52) between the two middle pressing cylinders (53).

9. The straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ridging disc assembly (54) comprises three groups, which are respectively arranged at the ends of adjacent pressing cylinders (53).

10. A straw collecting and returning to field strip tillage combined machine according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: The ridging shaft (52) is mounted on the frame (1) by providing two connecting assemblies (55); The connecting assembly (55) comprises a mounting frame (551) provided at the rear end of the frame (1), a mounting elongated hole (552) provided on the mounting frame (551), and a connecting piece (553) mounted in cooperation with the mounting elongated hole (552); the connecting piece (553) is rotatably connected to the ridging shaft (52).

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