Internal cooling type circulating cooling welding tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of friction stir welding, in particular to an inner cooling type circulating cooling welding tool which comprises a shell provided with an installation channel in the axial direction so that a mandrel can be installed in, a cooling flow channel which is in a spiral shape and coaxially arranged around the installation channel is formed in the shell, and the two ends of the cooling flow channel are communicated with a liquid inlet connector and a liquid outlet connector respectively. The stirring head is coaxially fixed on the mandrel, at least one group of bearings are arranged in the shell, and the shell is in coaxial rotary fit with the mandrel through the bearings; and a sealing structure is arranged between the cooling flow channel and the bearing. According to the utility model, the peak temperature of the discharge port of the welding tool in the solid-phase material adding process is reduced, the weakening effect of heat accumulation on materials is reduced, and the problem of excessive residual stress caused by excessive heat accumulation is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of friction stir welding, in particular to an internally cooled circulating cooling welding tool. Background Technique

[0002] Friction stir welding is a solid-phase connection technology. The heat generated by the friction between a high-speed rotating welding tool and a workpiece melts the material to be welded locally. When the welding tool moves forward along the welding interface, the plasticized material flows from the front of the welding tool to the back under the action of the rotational friction force of the welding tool, and a dense solid-phase weld seam is formed under the extrusion of the welding tool. As described in the patent number "CN116408532B" for the existing friction stir welding tool, a spindle system is used to achieve friction additive manufacturing and friction stir welding. The shaft head of the spindle system provides torque for the base material raw material, and the base material raw material rotates while being pressed down to complete the additive manufacturing process.

[0003] Currently, in the process of solid-phase friction stir additive manufacturing of the existing friction stir welding tool, due to the accumulation of castings of the upper-layer material, the heat input will continue to increase. At the same time, it is difficult for the temperature of the lower-layer material to decrease rapidly. The long-term high temperature will cause changes in the state of the lower-layer material during the additive manufacturing process, such as the increase in grain size, stress, and deformation, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the additive manufactured part. In addition, during the additive manufacturing process, the mold always generates heat by friction with the material, and the heat of the mold will also accumulate on the newly input part, causing the peak temperature during the solid-phase additive manufacturing process to exceed the set value. Affected by heat accumulation, the performance of the newly entered part of the mold will directly decline, thereby affecting the material forming parameters during the additive manufacturing process. Therefore, it is urgent to solve this problem. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an internally cooled circulating cooling welding tool. The utility model reduces the peak temperature at the discharge port of the welding tool during the solid-phase additive manufacturing process, reduces the weakening effect of heat accumulation on the material, and prevents the problem of excessive residual stress caused by excessive heat accumulation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An internally cooled circulating cooling welding tool includes a housing axially provided with an installation channel for inserting a mandrel. A cooling flow channel is arranged in the housing in a spiral shape and coaxially around the installation channel. Both ends of the cooling flow channel are respectively communicated with a liquid inlet joint and a liquid outlet joint; a stirring head is coaxially fixed on the mandrel. At least one group of bearings is installed in the housing and is coaxially rotatably matched with the mandrel through the bearings; a sealing structure is arranged between the cooling flow channel and the bearings.

[0007] As a further solution of the utility model: upper and lower mounting cavities coaxial with the mandrel are respectively formed at the top and bottom of the housing, an upper bearing and a lower bearing are respectively installed in the upper mounting cavity and the lower mounting cavity, and the mandrel is supported and positioned at two points after the upper bearing and the lower bearing are matched.

[0008] As a further solution of the utility model: an upper positioning groove is coaxially formed in the upper mounting cavity, and the diameter of the upper positioning groove corresponds to the diameter of the upper bearing; the outer ring of the upper bearing is in contact and cooperation with the upper positioning groove from top to bottom, and a positioning ring is coaxially convexly provided on the outer ring of the mandrel, and the positioning ring of the mandrel is in contact and cooperation with the inner ring of the upper bearing from top to bottom.

[0009] As a further solution of the utility model: a lower positioning groove is coaxially formed in the lower mounting cavity, and the diameter of the lower positioning groove corresponds to the diameter of the lower bearing; the outer ring of the lower bearing is in contact and cooperation with the lower positioning groove from bottom to top, and the shoulder of the mandrel is in contact and cooperation with the inner ring of the lower bearing from bottom to top.

[0010] As a further solution of the utility model: a ring-shaped clamping groove is coaxially formed on the mandrel, a snap ring is installed in the clamping groove, the snap ring is arranged below the lower bearing so as to be staggeredly arranged in height, and the projection of the inner ring of the lower bearing in the vertical direction intersects with the snap ring.

[0011] As a further solution of the utility model: an annular gap exists between the mandrel and the housing, and a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring and a third sealing ring which are staggeredly arranged in height are installed in the annular gap; the first sealing ring is located between the inlet and the outlet of the cooling flow channel, the second sealing ring is located between the lower mounting cavity and the inlet of the cooling flow channel, and the third sealing ring is located between the upper mounting cavity and the outlet of the cooling flow channel.

[0012] As a further solution of the utility model: the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring are Gleitrings.

[0013] As a further solution of the utility model: the inlets and outlets of the cooling flow channels are both arranged radially along the housing, and the liquid inlet joint and the liquid outlet joint are respectively threadedly matched and fixed with the inlets and outlets of the cooling flow channels.

[0014] As a further solution of the utility model: the inlet of the cooling flow channel is located below the outlet.

[0015] As a further solution of the utility model: the stirring head and the mandrel form a detachable fit.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. The utility model forms a spiral cooling flow path arranged around the mandrel inside the outer shell. After introducing cooling water into the flow path, it can form a ring-shaped cooling for the mandrel, reducing the peak temperature at the discharge port of the welding tool during the solid-phase additive process, reducing the weakening effect of heat accumulation on the material, and preventing the problem of excessive residual stress caused by too much heat accumulation.

[0018] 2. The mandrel of the utility model is positioned at two points by two groups of bearings, and the bearings and the cooling flow path are sealed by a sealing ring. The arrangement of multiple sealing rings on the outer circle of the mandrel avoids leakage of the cooling medium between different regions; the arrangement of the installation cavities at the upper and lower end faces of the outer shell allows the corresponding bearings to be directly placed into the openings of the installation cavities and installed in place after abutting against the bottom surfaces of the positioning grooves in the installation cavities.

[0019] 3. A ring-shaped clamping groove is opened at the bottom of the mandrel of the utility model for installing a snap ring. The snap ring and the lower bearing are arranged with a height offset, so that when the lower bearing accidentally falls, the snap ring can support the lower bearing, playing a safety protection effect.

[0020] 4. The liquid inlet joint and the liquid outlet joint of the utility model are directly fixed by threaded cooperation with the inlets and outlets of the cooling flow path, which is convenient for disassembly and installation; the cooling medium in the cooling flow path enters from the bottom and exits from the top, forming a convective cooling for the mandrel, and the cooling efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure:

[0023] 1. Outer shell; 11. Cooling flow path; 12. Liquid inlet joint; 13. Liquid outlet joint;

[0024] 14. Upper installation cavity; 141. Upper positioning groove; 142. Upper bearing;

[0025] 15. Lower installation cavity; 151. Lower positioning groove; 152. Lower bearing;

[0026] 2. Mandrel; 21. Clamping groove; 22. Snap ring;

[0027] 23. First sealing ring; 24. Second sealing ring; 25. Third sealing ring; 3. Stirring head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , in the embodiment of the present invention, an internally cooled circulating cooling welding tool includes a hollow outer shell 1, and an installation channel is provided at the axis of the outer shell 1 for the mandrel 2 to pass through. The top of the outer shell 1 is open to form an upper installation cavity 14, and the bottom of the outer shell 1 is open to form a lower installation cavity 15. The upper installation cavity 14 and the lower installation cavity 15 are coaxially arranged with the mandrel 2.

[0030] An upper positioning groove 141 is coaxially provided on the cavity wall of the upper installation cavity 14, and a lower positioning groove 151 is coaxially provided on the cavity wall of the lower installation cavity 15.

[0031] The upper bearing 142 is installed in the upper positioning groove 141 from top to bottom, and the diameter of the upper bearing 142 corresponds to the diameter of the upper installation cavity 14. The outer ring of the upper bearing 142 abuts against the bottom surface of the upper positioning groove 141 from top to bottom. A positioning ring is coaxially convexly provided on the outer ring of the mandrel 2, and the positioning ring of the mandrel 2 abuts against and cooperates with the inner ring of the upper bearing 142 from top to bottom.

[0032] The lower bearing 152 is installed in the lower positioning groove 151 from bottom to top, and the diameter of the lower bearing 152 corresponds to the diameter of the lower installation cavity 15. The outer ring of the lower bearing 152 abuts against the bottom surface of the lower positioning groove 151 from bottom to top. A shoulder is provided on the mandrel 2, and the shoulder of the mandrel 2 abuts against the inner ring of the lower bearing 152 from bottom to top.

[0033] A ring-shaped clamping groove 21 is coaxially provided on the mandrel 2, and a snap ring 22 is installed in the clamping groove 21. The snap ring 22 is arranged below the lower bearing 152 so as to be staggeredly arranged in height. The projection of the inner ring of the lower bearing 152 in the vertical direction intersects with the snap ring 22. The snap ring 22 is used to prevent the lower bearing 152 from falling and plays a supporting role.

[0034] After the mandrel 2 passes through the installation channel in the outer shell 1 from top to bottom, it is clamped and positioned by the upper bearing 142 and the lower bearing 152 in a two-point manner. The stirring head 3 is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the mandrel 2 and is detachably fixed to the mandrel 2 by screws.

[0035] A spiral cooling channel 11 is provided inside the outer shell 1. The cooling channel 11 is coaxially arranged with the mandrel 2, thus surrounding the mandrel 2. The water inlet of the cooling channel 11 is at the bottom and the water outlet is at the top, and both the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged radially along the outer shell 1. The water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling channel 11 are respectively screwed and fixed with a liquid inlet joint 12 and a liquid outlet joint 13 by thread fitting.

[0036] Mounting grooves at different heights are coaxially provided on the outer circle of the mandrel 2 for mounting sealing rings. The sealing rings include a first sealing ring 23, a second sealing ring 24 and a third sealing ring 25; the first sealing ring 23 is located between the inlet and the outlet of the cooling channel 11, the second sealing ring 24 is located between the lower mounting cavity 15 and the inlet of the cooling channel 11, and the third sealing ring 25 is located between the upper mounting cavity 14 and the outlet of the cooling channel 11. Each sealing ring is used to prevent the coolant from leaking along the gap between the mandrel 2 and the outer shell 1, and each sealing ring is preferably a Gleitring.

[0037] The basic principles of the present application have been described in combination with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations, and it cannot be considered that these advantages, advantages, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the above-disclosed specific details are only for the purpose of illustration and easy understanding, rather than limitations, and the above details do not limit the present application to necessarily adopt the above specific details to implement.

[0038] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in the present application are only illustrative examples and do not intend to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other. The words "or" and "and" used here refer to the word "and / or", and can be used interchangeably with each other, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used here refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other.

Claims

1. An internal cooling circulating cooling welding tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1) having an installation channel opened in the axial direction so as to allow a core shaft (2) to be installed therein; a cooling channel (11) is opened in the housing (1) and is arranged coaxially around the installation channel in a spiral shape; two ends of the cooling channel (11) are respectively connected to a liquid inlet joint (12) and a liquid outlet joint (13); a stirring head (3) is coaxially fixed on the core shaft (2); at least one set of bearings is installed in the housing (1) and is coaxially rotatably matched with the core shaft (2) through the bearings; and a sealing structure is arranged between the cooling channel (11) and the bearings.

2. The internal cooling circulating cooling welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the housing (1) are respectively provided with an upper mounting cavity (14) and a lower mounting cavity (15) which are coaxially arranged with the core shaft (2); an upper bearing (142) and a lower bearing (152) are respectively installed in the upper mounting cavity (14) and the lower mounting cavity (15); the upper bearing (142) and the lower bearing (152) cooperate to support and position the core shaft (2) at two points.

3. The internal cooling circulating cooling welding tool according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An upper positioning groove (141) is coaxially provided in the upper installation cavity (14), and the diameter of the upper positioning groove (141) corresponds to the diameter of the upper bearing (142); the outer ring of the upper bearing (142) abuts against the upper positioning groove (141) from top to bottom, and a positioning ring is coaxially convexly provided on the outer ring of the core shaft (2), and the positioning ring of the core shaft (2) abuts against the inner ring of the upper bearing (142) from top to bottom.

4. The internal cooling circulating cooling welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lower positioning groove (151) is coaxially provided in the lower installation cavity (15), and the diameter of the lower positioning groove (151) corresponds to the diameter of the lower bearing (152); the outer ring of the lower bearing (152) abuts against the lower positioning groove (151) from bottom to top, and the shaft shoulder of the core shaft (2) abuts against the inner ring of the lower bearing (152) from bottom to top.

5. The internal cooling circulating cooling welding tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular groove (21) is coaxially formed on the core shaft (2), a retaining spring (22) is installed in the groove (21), and the retaining spring (22) is arranged below the lower bearing (152) so as to be staggered in height, and a projection of the inner ring of the lower bearing (152) in the vertical direction intersects with the retaining spring (22).

6. An internal cooling circulating cooling welding tool according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: An annular gap exists between the core shaft (2) and the housing (1), and a first sealing ring (23), a second sealing ring (24) and a third sealing ring (25) arranged at different heights are installed in the annular gap; the first sealing ring (23) is located between the inlet and the outlet of the cooling channel (11), the second sealing ring (24) is located between the lower mounting cavity (15) and the inlet of the cooling channel (11), and the third sealing ring (25) is located between the upper mounting cavity (14) and the outlet of the cooling channel (11).

7. The internal cooling circulating cooling welding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first sealing ring (23), the second sealing ring (24) and the third sealing ring (25) are Gley rings.

8. An internally cooled circulating cooling welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet of the cooling channel (11) are arranged radially along the outer shell (1), and the liquid inlet joint (12) and the liquid outlet joint (13) are respectively threadedly fixed to the inlet and outlet of the cooling channel (11).

9. An internally cooled circulating cooling welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inlet of the cooling channel (11) is located below the outlet.

10. An internally cooled circulating cooling welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The stirring head (3) and the core shaft (2) form a detachable fit.

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