Cold region rural domestic sewage treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rural domestic sewage treatment system in a cold region, which is characterized by comprising an anaerobic sedimentation tank, an anaerobic tank, a deep anaerobic tank, a biological filter and a liquid storage tank which are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, anaerobic filler is hung in the deep anaerobic tank, the biological filter is filled with multiple layers of filler, the particle size of the filler is sequentially reduced from bottom to top, and the liquid storage tank is connected with the anaerobic sedimentation tank. A water distribution pipe communicated with the deep anaerobic tank is arranged in the biological filter, and the water outlet end of the water distribution pipe is positioned in the lowermost filler. Three-stage anaerobic treatment is adopted, on the basis of a traditional activated sludge method, a biological membrane method treatment process is used, main pollutants in sewage are further deeply degraded, the sewage reaches the resource utilization standard, the construction cost is low, the operation and maintenance difficulty is low, the problem of rural domestic sewage treatment in high-altitude and low-temperature areas can be effectively solved, the rural human settlement environment is improved, and the ecological environment is improved. And village revitalization is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a rural domestic sewage treatment system in cold regions. Background Technique

[0002] The existing domestic sewage treatment methods are mainly the activated sludge method. However, when the temperature is relatively low, the activity of the sludge decreases, and the sewage treatment efficiency is greatly reduced. Some equipment adopts processes such as wrapping the equipment with heat-insulating materials and solar heating, but problems such as high construction cost and high operation and maintenance management cost have hindered the popularization and application. Due to the lack of effective and low-cost treatment processes for rural domestic sewage in cold regions, there are many cases of direct discharge, and the rural human settlement environment is relatively poor. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a rural domestic sewage treatment system in cold regions, so as to solve the problems that due to the lack of effective and low-cost treatment processes for rural domestic sewage in cold regions, there are many cases of direct discharge, and the rural human settlement environment is relatively poor.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A rural domestic sewage treatment system in cold regions includes an anaerobic sedimentation tank, an anaerobic tank, a deep anaerobic tank, a biological filter tank, and a liquid storage tank arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. Anaerobic fillers are suspended in the deep anaerobic tank, and multiple layers of fillers are filled in the biological filter tank. The particle size of the fillers decreases successively from bottom to top. A water distribution pipe communicating with the deep anaerobic tank is arranged in the biological filter tank, and the water outlet end of the water distribution pipe is located in the lowermost layer of the fillers.

[0006] Furthermore, inspection openings are provided on the tops of the anaerobic sedimentation tank, the anaerobic tank, the deep anaerobic tank, the biological filter tank, and the liquid storage tank, and manhole covers are installed on the inspection openings.

[0007] Furthermore, a ventilation pipe is provided in the anaerobic sedimentation tank, and ventilation holes that communicate with each other are provided on the pool walls of the anaerobic sedimentation tank, the anaerobic tank, the deep anaerobic tank, the biological filter tank, and the liquid storage tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the fillers include a pebble layer, a gravel layer, and a coarse sand layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The pebble particle size of the pebble layer is 50 - 100 cm, and the gravel particle size of the gravel layer is 10 - 30 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, a water outlet weir is provided in the deep anaerobic tank, and a plurality of the water distribution pipes are uniformly arranged on the pool wall of the biological filter tank, and the plurality of water distribution pipes communicate with the water outlet weir.

[0010] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided on the water outlet weir, and a slag storage tank is arranged downward in the middle of the filter screen.

[0011] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0012] By adopting three - stage anaerobic treatment and using the biological membrane method treatment process on the basis of the traditional activated sludge method, the main pollutants in the sewage are further deeply degraded, enabling the sewage to meet the resource utilization standard. It has low construction cost and low operation and maintenance difficulty, can effectively solve the problem of rural domestic sewage treatment in areas with low temperatures at high altitudes, improve the rural living environment, and contribute to rural revitalization. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross - sectional view of the biological filter and the outlet.

[0015] In the figure, 1 - anaerobic sedimentation tank, 2 - anaerobic tank, 3 - deep anaerobic tank, 4 - biological filter, 5 - liquid storage tank, 6 - anaerobic filler, 7 - water distribution pipe, 8 - pebble layer, 9 - gravel layer, 10 - coarse sand layer, 11 - inspection port, 12 - manhole cover, 13 - ventilation pipe, 14 - ventilation hole, 15 - weir, 16 - filter screen. Detailed Embodiments

[0016] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the utility model. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0017] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0018] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0019] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0020] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present utility model is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , as shown in FIG. 2, an embodiment of the present utility model is:

[0023] A rural domestic sewage treatment system in cold regions includes an anaerobic sedimentation tank 1, an anaerobic tank 2, a deep anaerobic tank 3, a biological filter 4, and a liquid storage tank 5 arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. Anaerobic fillers 6 are suspended in the deep anaerobic tank 3. The biological filter 4 is filled with multiple layers of fillers, and the particle size of the fillers decreases successively from bottom to top. A water distribution pipe 7 communicating with the deep anaerobic tank 3 is provided in the biological filter 4, and the water outlet end of the water distribution pipe 7 is located in the lowermost layer of the fillers.

[0024] Specifically, the fillers include a pebble layer 8, a gravel layer 9, and a coarse sand layer 10 arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The pebble size of the pebble layer 8 is 50 - 100 cm, and the gravel size of the gravel layer 9 is 10 - 30 cm.

[0025] Since this application is targeted at rural domestic sewage in cold regions and for areas with permafrost, the system is built below the permafrost layer and is not affected by winter freezing. The main cost of the system is civil engineering, namely the excavation of the buried foundation. The overall structure is cast-in-place reinforced concrete and brick-concrete structure, without equipment installation, and has low requirements for construction units, resulting in low construction costs. Based on the traditional activated sludge process, a biological membrane process is used to further deeply degrade the main pollutants in the sewage, enabling the sewage to meet the standards for resource utilization. At the same time, this system does not have a sewage outlet. A liquid storage tank is set at the back end of the system, which can temporarily store the treated sewage, mainly for irrigation of cultivated land, orchards, etc., promoting water conservation in water-scarce areas.

[0026] Furthermore, inspection openings 11 are provided at the tops of the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1, anaerobic tank 2, deep anaerobic tank 3, biological filter tank 4, and liquid storage tank 5, and manhole covers 12 are installed on the inspection openings 11.

[0027] The sewage enters the buried anaerobic sedimentation tank through a pipeline. In the anaerobic sedimentation tank, inorganic particles such as sand and gravel in the sewage are initially settled, substances such as grease in the sewage are removed, and macromolecular organic matter in the sewage is decomposed to prepare for subsequent anaerobic treatment. The sewage then enters the secondary anaerobic tank, where the macromolecular organic matter is converted into small-molecular organic matter that can be utilized by microorganisms. The effluent from the secondary anaerobic tank enters the deep anaerobic tank, and the microorganisms in the hanging fillers are used to deeply decompose the small-molecular organic matter, further reducing the BOD in the sewage. The effluent from the deep anaerobic tank enters the biological filter tank, where fillers serving as microbial carriers are filled. Part of the anaerobic microorganisms grow attached to the fillers, forming an anaerobic biofilm, and part grow suspended in the voids of the fillers. When the sewage flows through the fillers with the biofilm, the organic matter in the water diffuses to the surface of the biofilm, and under the adsorption, metabolism of the biofilm and the interception of the filter material, the organic pollutants in the sewage are decomposed and removed. The purified water is discharged to the liquid storage tank through drainage equipment. The liquid storage tank is a tank body for storing the effluent of the system. When crops and fruit trees need irrigation, it can be scooped out through the manhole cover above or pumped out by a submersible pump for use. The inspection openings provided above each tank body can be used for sludge cleaning at the bottom of the tank and system maintenance.

[0028] In this embodiment, the system adopts the natural water flow method, so the inlet height of each tank body is greater than the outlet height. And a ventilation pipe 13 is provided in the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1, and ventilation holes 14 that are interconnected are provided on the tank walls of the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1, anaerobic tank 2, deep anaerobic tank 3, biological filter tank 4, and liquid storage tank 5 to ensure the safety of the system.

[0029] All the packing materials required by the system can be obtained locally without purchasing from other places. The biological filter adopts the method of inlet water from the lower part and outlet water from the upper part. After the water level in the pool rises, the biological film formed on the surfaces of filter media with different particle sizes further decomposes pollutants such as BOD and nitrogen in the sewage, reducing the concentration. The generated gas is introduced into the front anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 through the ventilation hole 14 and discharged.

[0030] Furthermore, to avoid pipeline blockage and system water distribution, the deep anaerobic tank 3 is provided with an overflow weir 15. A plurality of the water distribution pipes 7 are evenly arranged on the pool wall of the biological filter 4, and the plurality of water distribution pipes 7 are communicated with the overflow weir 15. A filter net 16 is installed on the overflow weir 15, and a slag storage tank is arranged downward in the middle of the filter net 16. During operation and maintenance, the large particle slag on the filter net 16 can be cleaned regularly to ensure the smooth flow of the system water.

[0031] Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution on some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rural domestic sewage treatment system in cold regions, characterized by: The invention comprises an anaerobic sedimentation tank, an anaerobic tank, a deep anaerobic tank, a biological filter tank and a liquid storage tank which are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction. Anaerobic fillers are suspended in the deep anaerobic tank. The biological filter tank is filled with multiple layers of fillers, and the particle size of the fillers decreases sequentially from bottom to top. The biological filter tank is provided with a water distribution pipe connected to the deep anaerobic tank, and the water outlet end of the water distribution pipe is located in the bottom layer of the fillers.

2. A cold region rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the anaerobic sedimentation tank, anaerobic tank, deep anaerobic tank, biological filter and liquid storage tank are all provided with inspection openings, and manhole covers are installed on the inspection openings.

3. A cold region rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anaerobic sedimentation tank is provided with a vent pipe, and the walls of the anaerobic sedimentation tank, the anaerobic tank, the deep anaerobic tank, the biological filter tank and the liquid storage tank are provided with vent holes which are interconnected.

4. A cold region rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler comprises a pebble layer, a gravel layer and a coarse sand layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The pebble particle size of the pebble layer is 50-100 cm, and the gravel particle size of the gravel layer is 10-30 cm.

5. A cold region rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep anaerobic tank is provided with a water outlet weir, and a plurality of water distribution pipes are evenly arranged on the pool wall of the biological filter tank, and the plurality of water distribution pipes are connected with the water outlet weir.

6. A cold region rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter screen is arranged on the water outlet weir, and a slag storage tank is arranged downwardly in the middle of the filter screen.

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