Directional pulse signal transmission device for sidetracking whipstock

Abstract

The utility model relates to a sidetracking whipstock orientation pulse signal transmission device which is sequentially provided with a setting mechanism, a pressure building mechanism, an anchoring mechanism, a whipstock, a drilling and reaming type composite drill bit, a drill bit short section, an orientation short section and a non-magnetic drill collar from bottom to top, and an MWD orientation device is installed in the non-magnetic drill collar. A large piston is arranged at the upper end of a central channel of the orientation short section, a small piston is screwed at the lower end of the large piston, and the large piston is communicated with a central hole of the small piston; piston shear pins are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the middle section of the orientation short section, and the inner ends of the piston shear pins are embedded into the circumference of the middle of the small piston; a plurality of circulating holes communicated with the central hole channel and the annulus are symmetrically formed in the circumference of the lower part of the orientation short section; and an inner port of each circulating hole is positioned below the small piston. According to the device, the orientation of the downhole tool can be accurately measured without purchasing an expensive gyroscope, the accurate windowing orientation is ensured, and the investment and the operation period are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a tool for side drilling of old wells with small casing, in particular to a side drilling whipstock azimuth pulse signal transmission device, belonging to the technical field of casing window side drilling. Background Art

[0002] Casing window sidetracking technology is a technology that makes full use of the casing of old wells and sidetracks new wells after opening a window at a certain depth. It is a technical measure for the development of old oil fields with low investment, quick results and significant economic benefits. Countries around the world attach great importance to the research and application of this technology. It has become an important means for many countries in the world to re-understand old oil fields in the exploration and development of oil fields, increase reserves and production of old oil fields, and improve the ultimate recovery rate, showing broad development prospects and promotion and application value.

[0003] Casing window sidetracking can be divided into two types according to the window opening method: segment milling window opening and whipstock window opening. The main operation procedures include: wellbore preparation, casing window opening, sidetracking drilling, completion operations, etc. In the case of hard formations, good cementing quality, and water layers above and below the window opening point that cannot be opened, the ground anchor whipstock window opening method is generally used.

[0004] The window opening process of the whipstock is simple and the window opening time is short. It can adapt to larger well inclination angles. The guide device is equipped with a packer and can be used as a bridge plug, eliminating the process of cement plugging. The amount of iron filings is small and the dependence on drilling fluid performance is reduced.

[0005] In traditional operations, the MWD wireless orientation tool is mainly used for orientation in open-hole side drilling, while the gyroscope is used for orientation when setting the whipstock. Due to the high price of using gyroscopes for orientation, the whipstock is currently mainly set by "blind hitting" when setting the whipstock in oilfield side drilling. In this way, after the casing window is opened, the position of the "blind hitting" whipstock slope has a large error with the designed position, and the maximum error between the position of the window on the casing and the set position is 180°, which increases the workload and complexity of underground construction and greatly increases the construction period. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the utility model and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and utility model name of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, specification abstract and utility model name, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0007] In view of the above problems and / or the problems existing in the prior art, the present utility model is proposed.

[0008] The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art and provide a side-drilling whipstock orientation pulse signal transmission device, which can accurately determine the orientation of downhole tools without purchasing expensive gyroscopes, ensure the accuracy of the window-opening orientation, and greatly reduce the investment and operation cycle.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the side-drilling whipstock orientation pulse signal transmission device of the present utility model includes a setting mechanism. Above the setting mechanism, there are successively a pressure-holding mechanism, an anchoring mechanism, a whipstock, a drill-reaming composite bit, a bit sub, an orientation sub, and a non-magnetic drill collar. An MWD orientation instrument is installed in the non-magnetic drill collar. At the upper end of the central passage of the orientation sub, there is a large piston, and a small piston is screwed at the lower end of the large piston. The central holes of the large piston and the small piston are in communication. At the middle section of the circumference of the orientation sub, piston shear pins are symmetrically arranged around the circumference. The inner ends of each piston shear pin are respectively embedded in the middle circumference of the small piston. At the lower circumference of the orientation sub, a plurality of circulation holes communicating the central hole channel with the annulus are symmetrically arranged around the circumference. The inner ports of each circulation hole are located below the small piston.

[0010] Further, an elastic retaining ring is embedded in the middle outer circumference of the sealing section of the small piston. The inner ports of each circulation hole are located in an enlarged inner ring groove. The top of the inner ring groove is a right-angle step, and a tapered groove is provided below the inner ring groove.

[0011] Further, axial counterbores are symmetrically arranged on the upper end face of the large piston and the lower end face of the small piston.

[0012] Further, the whipstock includes a whipstock body and a whipstock connector. Above the anchoring mechanism, the bottom large end of the whipstock body is connected to the whipstock connector through the whipstock connector. The upper end of the whipstock body is connected to the drill-reaming composite bit through whipstock shear pins.

[0013] Further, an upper hydraulic chamber is provided between the bottom of the large end of the whipstock body and the top of the whipstock connector. The large end of the whipstock body is provided with a whipstock screw hole. A hose groove is provided on the back of the whipstock body. A hydraulic hose is embedded in the hose groove. The lower end of the hydraulic hose is provided with a hose lower joint, and the hose lower joint is screwed into the whipstock screw hole to communicate with the upper hydraulic chamber. The upper end of the hydraulic hose passes through the through hole at the upper end of the whipstock body and enters a certain water hole of the drill-reaming composite bit from the upper end of the whipstock's deflecting surface to communicate with the bit central hole.

[0014] Further, the pressure-holding mechanism includes a piston outer cylinder. A piston is disposed in the inner cavity of the piston outer cylinder. A piston tail pipe integrally connected therewith is provided at the lower end of the piston. The central hole of the piston tail pipe communicates with the central hole of the piston. A ball seat fixing seat is installed on the middle inner step of the central hole of the piston tail pipe. A ball seat is fixed in the inner cavity of the ball seat fixing seat through a ball seat shear pin. A low-density ball is disposed in the upper bell mouth of the ball seat. A ball seat diverter plate is provided above the ball seat fixing seat. The upper part of the ball seat diverter plate is fixed to the inner wall of the central hole of the piston tail pipe through a snap ring for hole.

[0015] Further, a tail pipe slider is provided at the lower end of the piston tail pipe. A through slider radial groove is provided in the middle of the tail pipe slider. A setting drive plate is inserted into the slider radial groove. The setting drive plate is connected to the tail pipe slider through a pin shaft.

[0016] Further, tail pipe side through holes are provided on the lower circumference of the piston tail pipe. The tail pipe side through holes are located above the tail pipe slider. Tail pipe ratchet teeth are provided on the outer circumference of the middle and upper parts of the piston tail pipe. A piston ratchet ring is provided on the upper inner step of the rubber cylinder sliding sleeve. The piston ratchet ring is clamped on the tail pipe ratchet teeth. A piston ratchet ring retainer is provided on the outer circumference of the upper part of the piston ratchet ring. The inner boss on the upper part of the piston ratchet ring retainer presses on the top of the piston ratchet ring.

[0017] Further, the anchoring mechanism includes a lower anti-slip slip joint mechanism. The lower anti-slip slip joint mechanism includes a lower slip joint outer cylinder lower joint screwed onto the upper end of the piston outer cylinder. A lower slip joint outer cylinder is screwed onto the upper part of the lower slip joint outer cylinder lower joint. A lower slip cone with a small end downward is disposed in the inner cavity of the lower slip joint outer cylinder. The upper cylindrical section of the lower slip cone is sealed with the inner wall of the lower slip joint outer cylinder through a sealing ring. A lower slip joint is sleeved on the middle outer conical surface of the lower slip cone. The anti-slip surface of the lower slip joint is embedded in the middle groove of the lower slip joint outer cylinder. A lower pressure transmission pipe is screwed onto the lower end of the lower slip cone. The lower end of the lower pressure transmission pipe is inserted into the bottom central light hole of the lower slip joint outer cylinder lower joint and is sealed through a sealing ring.

[0018] Further, a lower connecting pipe is provided in the central hole of the lower slip cone. Lower slip joint ratchet teeth are provided on the outer circumference of the lower connecting pipe. A lower slip joint ratchet ring is provided on the upper inner step of the lower slip cone. The lower slip joint ratchet ring is clamped on the lower slip joint ratchet teeth. A lower slip joint ratchet ring retainer is provided on the outer circumference of the upper part of the lower slip joint ratchet ring. The lower end of the lower slip joint ratchet ring retainer abuts against the inner step of the lower slip cone. The outer circumference of the lower slip joint ratchet ring retainer is screwed into the female thread on the upper part of the lower slip cone. A lower slip joint hydraulic cavity is provided at the top of the lower slip cone. Lower connecting pipe side through holes communicating with the lower slip joint hydraulic cavity are provided on the upper circumference of the lower connecting pipe. The upper end of the lower connecting pipe is screwed onto the lower end of the middle anti-rotation slip joint mechanism.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following beneficial effects: 1. When this tool is used in conjunction with an MWD alignment instrument to measure the orientation of the whipstock, the cost is reduced by 86% compared with that of a gyro whipstock; compared with the "blind hitting" of a whipstock without measuring the orientation, after the whipstock is actually set, the error in its orientation is greatly reduced, the directional construction workload is reduced, and the directional construction period is shortened.

[0020] 2. The low-density ball is placed in the ball seat in advance, and its upper end is restricted by the diverter plate of the ball seat. When the integrated device is lowered into the well with the pipe string, since the density of the low-density ball is only 2 - 2.3 times that of the drilling fluid, the pressure difference inside and outside the pipe string can easily push the low-density ball away from the bell mouth of the ball seat, and the drilling fluid in the annulus enters the integrated device and the inner cavity of the pipe string through the bypass hole of the liner, fills the inner cavity of the tool through the throat of the ball seat, realizing self-grouting, avoiding multiple shutdowns to install the water faucet for grouting, enabling the pipe string to be smoothly lowered into the well; moreover, the ball throwing process is omitted, and the window opening efficiency is improved.

[0021] 3. The setting pressure of the rubber cylinder is lower than the anchoring pressure of the anchoring mechanism. When pressurizing at the wellhead, the drilling fluid enters the inner cavity of the drill-reaming composite bit along the central hole of the bit sub, enters the central hole of the floating joint, the drilling fluid passes over the inclined body through the hydraulic hose, enters the inclined body connector through the hose lower joint and the inclined body screw hole, and enters the central hole of the anchoring mechanism from the upper pressure transmission pipe.

[0022] 4. When the integrated device reaches the well section where window opening is required and the direction is adjusted, pressurize at the wellhead, and the low-density ball will fall on the bell mouth of the ball seat, generating a pressure buildup. The ball seat and the ball seat fixing seat drive the piston liner to descend, and the liner ratchet teeth on the outer periphery of the piston liner slide downward unidirectionally and lock in the piston ratchet ring. While the liner slider at the lower end of the piston liner descends along the central hole of the rubber cylinder sleeve, it drives the setting drive plate to descend along the long slot of the rubber cylinder sleeve, and the setting drive plate causes the rubber cylinder of the setting mechanism to expand and set on the inner wall of the original casing.

[0023] 5. After the rubber cylinder is set, continue to pressurize at the wellhead, and the upper anti-slip slip joint mechanism, the middle anti-rotation slip joint mechanism, and the lower anti-slip slip joint mechanism act simultaneously to achieve anchoring. The outer surfaces of the upper slip joint and the lower slip joint are respectively provided with transverse teeth, which can prevent sliding after anchoring and ensure the accuracy of the window opening height; the outer surface of the middle slip joint is provided with vertical teeth, which can prevent rotation after anchoring and ensure the accuracy of the window opening direction.

[0024] 6. After the ball seat shear pin is cut off, confirm that the anchoring mechanism has not slipped, and then continue to press down the pipe string to cut off the shear pin at the upper end of the inclined body. Without pulling out the drill string, the separation of the whipstock from the drill-reaming composite bit is achieved.

[0025] 7. Place the hydraulic hose in the hose groove on the back of the bevel. On the one hand, it can prevent the pipe column from being scratched and damaged when it goes down. On the other hand, it can avoid occupying the upper space of the bevel guide surface. When opening a window, the drill-reamer composite drill bit goes down along the uppermost part of the bevel guide surface of the bevel, avoiding the waste of the upper half of the bevel guide surface, reducing the risk of drill jamming when opening a window, and saving the total height of the bevel and the amount of consumables.

[0026] 8. Use the flexibility of the hydraulic hose to pass through the through hole at the upper end of the inclined body to reach the upper end of the inclined surface of the inclined body, and then use a water hole of the drill-reamer composite drill bit to enter the inner cavity of the drill-reamer composite drill bit. When the whipstock is separated from the drill-reamer composite drill bit, it is easy to cut the hydraulic hose, reducing one hand-dropping action, and there is no need to trip the drill.

[0027] 9. A section of cylindrical milling teeth is provided at the root of the crown head of the drill-reamer composite drill bit. After the window is opened, the window is repaired immediately. The utility model cleverly connects the bevel and the drill-reamer composite drill bit together. The bevel can be sealed and anchored without throwing a ball, and the two can be separated without turning it upside down or dropping it. The bevel itself does not have a rigid pressure transmission pipeline, and a hydraulic hose is used to connect the drill bit with the liquid channel under the bevel. After the tool is lowered into the well, sealing, anchoring, separation, opening of cementing slurry channels, window opening, and window repair can be completed without throwing a ball or pulling out the drill, which greatly shortens the casing window opening cycle, improves operating efficiency, reduces energy consumption, and reduces labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. The drawings are only provided for reference and explanation, not for limiting the present utility model. Among them:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a front view of the azimuth pulse signal transmission device for the side drilling whipstock of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded and enlarged diagram of

[0031] Figure 3 It is an enlarged view of the orientation-fixing short section in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the lower middle part;

[0033] In the figure: 1. Setting mechanism; 1a. Lower joint of rubber cylinder; 1b. Rubber cylinder sliding sleeve; 1c. Lower seat of rubber cylinder; 1d. Rubber cylinder; 1e. Rubber cylinder spacer ring; 1f. Upper sleeve of rubber cylinder; 1g. Setting drive plate;

[0034] 2. Pressure buildup mechanism; 2a. Outer cylinder of piston; 2b. Piston; 2c. Tail pipe of piston; 2c1. Side through hole of tail pipe; 2d. Tail pipe slider; 2e. Piston ratchet ring; 2f. Piston ratchet ring retainer; 2g. Seat fixing seat; 2h. Seat shear pin; 2j. Seat; 2k. Low-density ball; 2m. Seat flow splitter plate;

[0035] 3. Lower anti-slip slips mechanism; 3a. Lower joint of outer cylinder of lower slips; 3b. Outer cylinder of lower slips; 3c. Lower cone; 3d. Lower slips; 3e. Lower pressure transmission pipe; 3f. Lower connecting pipe; 3f1. Side through hole of lower connecting pipe; 3g. Lower slips ratchet ring; 3h. Lower slips ratchet ring retainer;

[0036] 4. Middle anti-rotation slips mechanism; 4a. Lower joint of outer cylinder of middle slips; 4b. Outer cylinder of middle slips; 4c. Middle cone; 4d. Middle slips; 4e. Middle pressure transmission pipe; 4f. Middle connecting pipe; 4f1. Side through hole of middle connecting pipe; 4g. Middle slips ratchet ring; 4h. Middle slips ratchet ring retainer; 4j. Common hydraulic cavity;

[0037] 5. Upper anti-slip slips mechanism; 5a. Outer cylinder of upper slips; 5b. Upper cone; 5c. Upper slips; 5d. Upper pressure transmission pipe;

[0038] 6. Deflector; 6a. Oblique connecting head; 6b. Oblique body; 6b1. Oblique body screw hole; 6c. Lower joint of hose; 6d. Hydraulic hose; 6e. Floating joint;

[0039] 7. Drill-reaming composite bit; 7a. Oblique body shear pin;

[0040] 8. Bit sub;

[0041] 9. Azimuth fixing sub; 9a. Large piston; 9b. Large piston seal ring; 9c. Small piston; 9d. Small piston seal ring; 9e. Piston shear pin; 9f. Snap ring. 9g. Inner ring groove; 9h. Circulation hole;

[0042] 10. Non-magnetic drill collar. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] In the following description of the present utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating that the device must have a specific orientation.

[0044] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects realized by the present utility model easy to understand, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to specific illustrations. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used in the description of the present utility model in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0046] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the side-drilling whipstock orientation pulse signal transmission device of the present utility model includes a setting mechanism 1. Above the setting mechanism 1, there is a pressure-holding mechanism 2. Above the pressure-holding mechanism 2, there is an anchoring mechanism. Above the anchoring mechanism, there is a whipstock 6. The upper end of the inclined body 6b of the whipstock 6 is connected to a drill-reaming composite bit 7 through an inclined body shear pin 7a. The upper end of the drill-reaming composite bit 7 is connected to an orientation short joint 9 through a bit sub 8. Above the orientation short joint 9, it is connected to a non-magnetic drill collar 10. An MWD orientation instrument is installed in the non-magnetic drill collar 10. Above the non-magnetic drill collar 10, it is connected to a drill pipe.

[0047] The upper port of the orientation short joint 9 is provided with a tapered female thread. At the upper end of the central hole of the orientation short joint 9, there is a large piston 9a. The outer circumference of the large piston 9a is embedded with a large piston seal ring 9b to achieve sealing with the inner wall of the large-diameter section. The lower end of the large piston 9a is screwed with a small piston 9c. The upper male thread of the small piston 9c is screwed into the internal thread at the lower end of the large piston 9a. The central holes of the large piston 9a and the small piston 9c are communicated. The middle circumference of the small piston 9c is fixed in the central hole of the orientation short joint 9 through a piston shear pin 9e. The lower part of the small piston 9c is a small piston sealing section. The outer wall of the small piston sealing section is embedded with a small piston seal ring 9d to achieve sealing with the inner wall of the small-diameter section. Two small piston seal rings 9d are provided at the upper and lower parts of the small piston sealing section respectively. The inner wall of the central hole below the small piston 9c is provided with an enlarged inner ring groove 9g. Four circulation holes 9h communicating with the external annulus are symmetrically provided on the middle circumference of the inner ring groove 9g. The lower ends of the circulation holes 9h are inclined outwards.

[0048] An elastic retaining ring 9f is embedded in the middle circumference ring groove of the small piston sealing section. The top of the inner ring groove 9g is a right-angle step. A tapered groove is provided below the inner ring groove 9g, so that the small piston 9c and the elastic retaining ring 9f can only move downwards and cannot move upwards.

[0049] After the window-opening device is lowered to the predetermined position through the drill pipe, the pump is started to circulate. The drilling fluid descends along the central channel of the pipe string. When it reaches the orientation fixing sub-section 9, it flows out through each circulation hole 9h and returns to the wellhead along the annulus, forming a drilling fluid circulation. Each circulation hole 9h provides a circulation channel for this trip of drill tools and also provides a channel for transmitting pulse signals when the MWD directional instrument measures the orientation of the whipstock 6.

[0050] The MWD directional instrument measures the italic orientation of the whipstock 6. After the data is measured, the orientation of the whipstock 6 is accurately adjusted through the wellhead rotary table to correspond with the designed orientation.

[0051] Then, the circulation displacement is increased, and the pump pressure rises, pushing the small piston 9c downward. When the pump pressure rises to about 8 MPa, the piston shear pin 9e is cut off, and the small piston 9c moves downward to close the inner ports of each circulation hole 9h. The elastic retaining ring 9f catches the small piston 9c, realizing the permanent closure of the circulation channel. After the elastic retaining ring 9f pops out, it is restricted in the inner ring groove 9g.

[0052] Axial counterbores are symmetrically provided on the upper end face of the large piston 9a and the lower end face of the small piston 9c respectively, which is convenient for installing or disassembling the large piston 9a and the small piston 9c. After the large piston 9a and the small piston 9c are disassembled, the large piston 9a is taken out upward; the small piston 9c moves downward, and the conical groove below the inner ring groove 9g causes the elastic retaining ring 9f to contract, enabling the small piston 9c to be taken out from the lower port of the orientation fixing sub-section 9. In this way, the large piston 9a and the small piston 9c can be reused several times, reducing the operation cost.

[0053] After the circulation channel of the orientation fixing sub-section 9 is closed, the setting of the whipstock 6 is carried out.

[0054] The setting mechanism 1 includes a rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b. The lower outer periphery of the rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b is screwed with a rubber barrel lower joint 1a. Above the rubber barrel lower joint 1a, a rubber barrel lower seat 1c, a rubber barrel 1d, and a rubber barrel upper sleeve 1f sleeved on the outer periphery of the rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b are stacked in sequence. A rubber barrel spacer ring 1e is provided in the middle section of the rubber barrel 1d. The middle circumference of the rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b is symmetrically provided with axially extending sliding sleeve long grooves, and both ends of the setting drive plate 1g extend out from the sliding sleeve long grooves and press on the top of the rubber barrel upper sleeve 1f.

[0055] The pressure-holding mechanism 2 includes a piston outer cylinder 2a screwed on the upper end of the rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b. A piston 2b is provided in the inner cavity of the piston outer cylinder 2a. A piston tail pipe 2c integrally connected with the piston 2b is provided at the lower end of the piston 2b. The central hole of the piston tail pipe 2c is communicated with the piston central hole. A ball seat fixing seat 2g is installed on the middle inner step of the central hole of the piston tail pipe. A ball seat 2j is fixed in the inner cavity of the ball seat fixing seat 2g through a ball seat shear pin 2h. A low-density ball 2k is provided in the upper end bell mouth of the ball seat 2j. A ball seat diverter plate 2m is provided above the ball seat fixing seat 2g, and the ball seat diverter plate 2m is fixed on the inner wall of the central hole of the piston tail pipe through a hole retaining ring above.

[0056] At the lower end of the piston tail pipe 2c, there is a tail pipe slide block 2d. The lower part of the tail pipe slide block 2d and the piston tail pipe 2c is inserted into the inner cavity of the rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b. In the middle of the tail pipe slide block 2d, there is a through slider radial groove. The middle part of the setting drive plate 1g is inserted into the slider radial groove and is connected to the tail pipe slide block 2d through a pin shaft.

[0057] On the lower circumference of the lower part of the piston tail pipe 2c, there is a tail pipe side through hole 2c1, and the tail pipe side through hole 2c1 is located above the tail pipe slide block 2d; on the outer periphery of the middle and upper part of the piston tail pipe 2c, there are tail pipe ratchet teeth. On the upper inner step of the rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b, there is a piston ratchet tooth ring 2e, and the piston ratchet tooth ring 2e is clamped on the tail pipe ratchet teeth; on the outer periphery of the upper part of the piston ratchet tooth ring 2e, there is a piston ratchet tooth ring retaining sleeve 2f. The lower end of the piston ratchet tooth ring retaining sleeve 2f abuts against the upper port of the rubber barrel sliding sleeve 1b, and the upper end of the piston ratchet tooth ring retaining sleeve 2f abuts against the lower part of the inner step of the piston outer cylinder 2a. The inner boss on the upper part of the piston ratchet tooth ring retaining sleeve 2f presses on the top of the piston ratchet tooth ring 2e.

[0058] The anchoring mechanism includes a lower anti-slip slip joint mechanism 3. The lower anti-slip slip joint mechanism 3 includes a lower slip joint outer cylinder lower joint 3a screwed on the upper end of the piston outer cylinder 2a. The upper part of the lower slip joint outer cylinder lower joint 3a is screwed with a lower slip joint outer cylinder 3b. In the inner cavity of the lower slip joint outer cylinder 3b, there is a lower cone 3c with the small end downward. The upper cylindrical section of the lower cone 3c is sealed with the inner wall of the lower slip joint outer cylinder 3b through a sealing ring. On the middle outer conical surface of the lower cone 3c, there is a lower slip joint 3d sleeved, and the anti-slip surface of the lower slip joint 3d is embedded in the middle groove of the lower slip joint outer cylinder 3b; the lower end of the lower cone 3c is screwed with a lower pressure transmission pipe 3e, and the lower end of the lower pressure transmission pipe 3e is inserted into the bottom central light hole of the lower slip joint outer cylinder lower joint 3a and is sealed through a sealing ring.

[0059] In the central hole of the lower cone 3c, there is a lower connecting pipe 3f. On the outer periphery of the lower connecting pipe 3f, there are lower slip joint ratchet teeth. On the upper inner step of the lower cone 3c, there is a lower slip joint ratchet tooth ring 3g, and the lower slip joint ratchet tooth ring 3g is clamped on the lower slip joint ratchet teeth; on the outer periphery of the upper part of the lower slip joint ratchet tooth ring 3g, there is a lower slip joint ratchet tooth ring retaining sleeve 3h. The lower end of the lower slip joint ratchet tooth ring retaining sleeve 3h abuts against the inner step of the lower cone 3c, and the outer periphery of the lower slip joint ratchet tooth ring retaining sleeve 3h is screwed into the female thread on the upper part of the lower cone 3c. At the top of the lower cone 3c, there is a lower slip joint hydraulic cavity. On the upper circumference of the lower connecting pipe 3f, there is a lower connecting pipe side through hole 3f1 communicating with the lower slip joint hydraulic cavity. The upper end of the lower connecting pipe 3f is screwed on the lower end of the middle anti-rotation slip joint mechanism 4.

[0060] The anti-rotation slip mechanism 4 includes a lower joint 4a of the middle slip outer cylinder screwed onto the upper end of the lower slip outer cylinder 3b. The upper part of the lower joint 4a of the middle slip outer cylinder is screwed with a middle slip outer cylinder 4b. A middle slip cone 4c with a small end downward is arranged in the inner cavity of the middle slip outer cylinder 4b. The upper cylindrical section of the middle slip cone 4c is sealed with the inner wall of the middle slip outer cylinder 4b through a sealing ring. A middle slip 4d is sleeved on the middle outer cone surface of the middle slip cone 4c. The anti-rotation slip surface of the middle slip 4d is embedded in the middle groove of the middle slip outer cylinder 4b. The lower end of the middle slip cone 4c is screwed with a middle pressure transmission pipe 4e. The lower end of the middle pressure transmission pipe 4e is inserted into the central light hole at the bottom of the lower joint 4a of the middle slip outer cylinder and is sealed through a sealing ring. The upper end of the lower connecting pipe 3f is screwed into the inner threaded hole at the bottom of the lower joint 4a of the middle slip outer cylinder.

[0061] A middle connecting pipe 4f is arranged in the central hole of the middle slip cone 4c. Middle slip ratchets are arranged on the outer circumference of the middle connecting pipe 4f. A middle slip ratchet ring 4g is arranged on the upper inner step of the middle slip cone 4c. The middle slip ratchet ring 4g is clamped on the middle slip ratchets. A middle slip ratchet ring sleeve 4h is arranged on the upper outer circumference of the middle slip ratchet ring 4g. The lower end of the middle slip ratchet ring sleeve 4h abuts against the inner step of the middle slip cone 4c. The outer circumference of the middle slip ratchet ring sleeve 4h is screwed into the female thread at the upper part of the middle slip cone 4c. A common hydraulic cavity 4j is arranged at the top of the middle slip cone 4c. A middle connecting pipe side through hole 4f1 communicating with the common hydraulic cavity 4j is arranged on the upper circumference of the middle connecting pipe 4f. The upper end of the middle connecting pipe 4f is screwed onto the lower end of the upper anti-slip slip mechanism 5.

[0062] The upper anti-slip slip mechanism 5 includes an upper slip outer cylinder 5a integrated with the middle slip outer cylinder 4b. The upper slip outer cylinder 5a and the middle slip outer cylinder 4b are separated from each other through an inner boss. An upper slip cone 5b with a small end upward is arranged in the inner cavity of the upper slip outer cylinder 5a. The lower cylindrical section of the upper slip cone 5b is sealed with the inner wall of the upper slip outer cylinder 5a through a sealing ring. An upper slip 5c is sleeved on the upper outer cone surface of the upper slip cone 5b. The anti-slip slip surface of the upper slip 5c is embedded in the upper groove of the upper slip outer cylinder 5a. The upper end of the central hole of the upper slip cone 5b is inserted with an upper pressure transmission pipe 5d. The upper end of the upper pressure transmission pipe 5d is communicated with and integrated with the central hole of the inclined connector 6a. The lower circumference of the inclined connector 6a is screwed into the upper port of the upper slip outer cylinder 5a. The upper circumference of the inclined connector 6a is screwed with the bottom of the large end of the inclined body 6b.

[0063] An upper hydraulic cavity is provided between the bottom of the large end of the inclined body 6b and the top of the inclined body connector 6a. The large end of the inclined body 6b is provided with an inclined body screw hole 6b1. A hose embedding groove is provided on the back of the inclined body 6b, and a hydraulic rubber hose 6d is embedded in the hose embedding groove. The lower end of the hydraulic rubber hose 6d is provided with a hose lower connector 6c, and the hose lower connector 6c is screwed into the inclined body screw hole 6b1 to communicate with the upper hydraulic cavity. The upper end of the hydraulic rubber hose 6d passes through the through hole at the upper end of the inclined body 6b and enters a certain water eye of the drill-reaming composite bit 7 from the upper end of the build-up surface of the inclined body 6b. A floating joint 6e that can axially slide is provided in the drill bit center hole. The outer periphery of the floating joint 6e is sealed with the drill bit center hole through a sealing ring. The upper end of the hydraulic rubber hose 6d is connected to and communicates with the center hole of the floating joint 6e.

[0064] The low-density ball 2k is pre-placed in the ball seat 2j, and the upper end is restricted by the ball seat diverter plate 2m. When the integrated device is lowered into the well with the pipe string, since the density of the low-density ball 2k is only 2 - 2.3 times that of the drilling fluid density, the pressure difference inside and outside the pipe string can easily push the low-density ball 2k away from the bell mouth of the ball seat 2j. The drilling fluid in the annulus enters the integrated device and the inner cavity of the pipe string from the bypass hole 2c1 of the liner, fills the inner cavity of the tool through the throat of the ball seat 2j, realizes self-grouting, avoids stopping the machine multiple times to install the faucet for grouting, and enables the pipe string to be smoothly lowered into the well; moreover, the ball throwing process is omitted, and the window opening efficiency is improved.

[0065] The setting pressure of the rubber cylinder 1d is lower than the anchoring pressure of the anchoring mechanism. When pressurizing at the wellhead, the drilling fluid enters the inner cavity of the drill-reaming composite bit 7 along the center hole of the drill bit sub, enters the center hole of the floating joint 6e, and the drilling fluid passes over the inclined body 6b through the hydraulic rubber hose 6d, enters the inclined body connector 6a through the hose lower connector 6c and the inclined body screw hole 6b1, and enters the center hole of the anchoring mechanism from the upper pressure transmission pipe 5d.

[0066] When the integrated device reaches the well section where window opening is required and the direction is adjusted, pressurize at the wellhead, and the low-density ball 2k will fall on the bell mouth of the ball seat 2j, generating pressure buildup. The ball seat 2j and the ball seat fixing seat 2g drive the piston liner 2c to descend. The liner ratchet teeth on the outer periphery of the piston liner 2c slide downward unidirectionally and lock in the piston ratchet ring 2e. While the liner slider 2d at the lower end of the piston liner 2c descends along the center hole of the rubber cylinder sleeve 1b, it drives the setting drive plate 1g to descend along the long sliding groove of the rubber cylinder sleeve 1b. The setting drive plate 1g pushes the upper rubber cylinder sleeve 1f downward to squeeze the rubber cylinder 1d, causing the rubber cylinder 1d to expand and set on the inner wall of the original casing. The rubber cylinder spacer ring 1e divides the rubber cylinder 1d into upper and lower parts, which can form two expansion joints to improve the setting effect.

[0067] After the rubber cylinder 1d is set, the wellhead continues to be pressurized, and the upper anti-slip slip mechanism 5, the middle anti-rotation slip mechanism 4, and the lower anti-slip slip mechanism 3 act simultaneously to achieve anchoring. Transverse teeth are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the upper slip 5c and the lower slip 3d. After anchoring, it can prevent sliding down and ensure the accurate height of the window opening; vertical teeth are provided on the outer surface of the middle slip 4d. After anchoring, it can prevent rotation and ensure the accurate direction of the window opening.

[0068] During anchoring, the pressure fluid enters the common hydraulic chamber 4j from the side through-hole 4f1 of the middle connecting pipe, pushes the upper cone 5b to move upward, and pushes the upper slip 5c outwards to achieve the anti-slip anchoring of the upper slip 5c; when the upper cone 5b moves upward, its central hole slides on the outer periphery of the upper pressure transmission pipe 5d. At the same time, the pressure fluid in the common hydraulic chamber 4j pushes the middle cone 4c downward. The middle cone 4c moves downward and pushes the middle slip 4d outwards to achieve the anti-rotation anchoring of the middle slip 4d; when the middle cone 4c moves downward, the middle slip ratchet ring 4g and the middle slip ratchet on the outer periphery of the middle connecting pipe 4f are in one-way cooperation to prevent the anchoring from loosening. The pressure fluid enters the inner cavity of the lower connecting pipe 3f through the middle pressure transmission pipe 4e, enters the lower slip hydraulic chamber from the side through-hole 3f1 of the lower connecting pipe, pushes the lower cone 3c downward, and pushes the lower slip 3d out to achieve anchoring; when the lower cone 3c moves downward, the lower slip ratchet ring 3g and the lower slip ratchet on the outer periphery of the lower connecting pipe 3f are in one-way cooperation to prevent the lower slip 3d from loosening.

[0069] After the three slips are anchored, the wellhead continues to be pressurized, the ball seat shear pin 2h is cut off, the ball seat 2j drops, and the central hole of the piston communicates with the annulus above the rubber cylinder 1d through the tail pipe side through-hole 2c1, which is convenient for subsequent cementing.

[0070] After the ball seat shear pin 2h is cut off, confirm that the anchoring mechanism does not slide down, and then the pipe string continues to be pressed down to cut off the shear pin 7a at the upper end of the inclinator 6b. Without pulling out the drill string, the separation of the inclinator 6 and the drill-reaming composite bit 7 is achieved.

[0071] The common inclinator central pipe is cancelled, and the hydraulic hose 6d is placed in the hose slot on the back of the inclinator 6b. On the one hand, it can avoid being scratched and damaged when the pipe string descends, and on the other hand, it can avoid occupying the upper space of the inclinator guide slope. When windowing, the drill-reaming composite bit 7 descends along the uppermost part of the guide slope of the inclinator 6b, avoiding the waste of the upper half of the guide slope, reducing the risk of sticking during windowing, and also saving the total height and consumable amount of the inclinator 6b.

[0072] The hydraulic hose 6d is passed through the through hole at the upper end of the inclined body 6b by using its flexibility, reaches the upper end of the inclined surface of the inclined body 6b, and then enters the inner cavity of the drill-reamer composite drill bit 7 through a water hole of the drill-reamer composite drill bit 7, and is connected to the floating joint 6e. The outer periphery of the floating joint 6e is sealed with the inner wall of the center hole of the drill-reamer composite drill bit 7, which can prevent the drilling fluid from leaking from the drill bit water hole below; at the same time, the floating joint 6e can slide axially along the center hole of the drill-reamer composite drill bit 7, which can compensate for the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic hose 6d. When the whipstock 6 is separated from the drill-reamer composite drill bit 7, it is convenient to cut the hydraulic hose 6d, reducing one hand-loosening action, and there is no need to trip the drill.

[0073] The root of the crown head of the drill-reamer composite drill bit 7 is provided with a cylindrical milling tooth. After the window is opened, the window is repaired immediately. The utility model cleverly connects the whipstock 6 and the drill-reamer composite drill bit 7 together, and the whipstock 6 can be set and anchored without throwing a ball, and the two can be separated without buckling or dropping.

[0074] The above description is only the preferred feasible embodiment of the utility model, which shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model, but does not limit the scope of patent protection of the utility model. The technicians in this industry should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. In addition to the above embodiments, the utility model can also have other implementation modes without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. The utility model will also have various changes and improvements. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the utility model. The scope of protection required by the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. The technical features not described in the utility model can be achieved by or using existing technologies, which will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A device for transmitting pulse signals for positioning a sidetracking whipstock, comprising a setting mechanism, characterized in that: A pressure holding mechanism, an anchoring mechanism, a whipstock, a drill-reamer composite drill bit, a drill bit pup joint, an azimuth pup joint and a non-magnetic drill collar are arranged in sequence above the sealing mechanism, and an MWD directional instrument is installed in the non-magnetic drill collar; a large piston is arranged at the upper end of the central channel of the azimuth pup joint, a small piston is screwed on the lower end of the large piston, and the central holes of the large piston and the small piston are connected; piston shear pins are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the middle section of the azimuth pup joint, and the inner end of each piston shear pin is respectively embedded in the middle circumference of the small piston; a plurality of circulation holes communicating the central channel and the annulus are symmetrically arranged on the lower circumference of the azimuth pup joint, and the inner port of each circulation hole is located below the small piston.

2. The device for transmitting azimuth pulse signals for a side drilling whipstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic retaining ring is embedded in the outer periphery of the middle section of the sealing section of the small piston, and the inner port of each circulation hole is located in the enlarged inner ring groove. The top of the inner ring groove is a right-angle step, and a conical groove is provided below the inner ring groove.

3. The device for transmitting azimuth pulse signals for a side drilling whipstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the large piston and the lower end surface of the small piston are symmetrically provided with axial countersunk holes.

4. The device for transmitting azimuth pulse signals for a side drilling whipstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bevel comprises an italic body and an italic body connector, the upper part of the anchoring mechanism is connected to the bottom large end of the italic body through the italic body connector, and the upper end of the italic body is connected to the drill-reamer composite drill bit through an italic body shear nail.

5. The device for transmitting azimuth pulse signals for a side drilling whipstock according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An upper hydraulic cavity is provided between the bottom of the large end of the bevel and the top of the bevel connector, and a bevel screw hole is provided at the large end of the bevel; a hose embedding groove is provided at the back of the bevel, a hydraulic hose is embedded in the hose embedding groove, a hose lower joint is provided at the lower end of the hydraulic hose, and the hose lower joint is screwed into the bevel screw hole and communicated with the upper hydraulic cavity; the upper end of the hydraulic hose passes through the through hole at the upper end of the bevel, enters a water hole of the drill-reamer composite drill bit from the upper end of the bevel surface of the bevel, and communicates with the center hole of the drill bit.

6. The device for transmitting pulse signals for positioning a sidetracking whipstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-holding mechanism includes a piston outer tube, the inner cavity of the piston outer tube is provided with a piston, the lower end of the piston is provided with a piston tail tube connected thereto, the center hole of the piston tail tube is communicated with the center hole of the piston, a ball seat fixing seat is installed on the inner step of the middle section of the center hole of the piston tail tube, the inner cavity of the ball seat fixing seat is fixed with a ball seat by ball seat shear nails, and a low-density ball is provided in the bell mouth at the upper end of the ball seat; a ball seat diverter plate is provided above the ball seat fixing seat, and the upper part of the ball seat diverter plate is fixed to the inner wall of the center hole of the piston tail tube by a retaining ring through a hole.

7. The device for transmitting pulse signals for positioning the sidetracking whipstock according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A tail pipe slider is provided at the lower end of the piston tail pipe, a through slider radial groove is provided in the middle of the tail pipe slider, a setting drive plate is inserted in the slider radial groove, and the setting drive plate is connected to the tail pipe slider through a pin shaft.

8. The device for transmitting azimuth pulse signals for a sidetracking whipstock according to claim 7, characterized in that: A tail pipe bypass hole is provided on the lower circumference of the piston tail pipe, and the tail pipe bypass hole is located above the tail pipe slider; a tail pipe ratchet is provided on the middle and upper outer circumference of the piston tail pipe, and the sealing mechanism includes a rubber sleeve, and a piston ratchet ring is provided on the inner step of the upper end of the rubber sleeve, and the piston ratchet ring is clamped on the tail pipe ratchet; a piston ratchet ring sleeve is provided on the upper outer circumference of the piston ratchet ring, and the inner boss on the upper part of the piston ratchet ring sleeve is pressed on the top of the piston ratchet ring.

9. The device for transmitting azimuth pulse signals for a sidetracking whipstock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anchoring mechanism includes a lower anti-slip cava mechanism, which includes a lower cava outer cylinder lower joint screwed onto the upper end of the piston outer cylinder, a lower cava outer cylinder is screwed onto the upper part of the lower joint of the lower cava outer cylinder, an inner cavity of the lower cava outer cylinder is provided with a lower cone with a small end facing downward, an upper cylindrical section of the lower cone is sealed with the inner wall of the lower cava outer cylinder by a sealing ring, a lower cava is mounted on the middle outer cone surface of the lower cone, and the anti-slip cava surface of the lower cava is embedded in the middle groove of the lower cava outer cylinder; a lower pressure transmission tube is screwed onto the lower end of the lower cone, and the lower end of the lower pressure transmission tube is inserted into the bottom center light hole of the lower joint of the lower cava outer cylinder and is sealed by a sealing ring.

10. The device for transmitting pulse signals for positioning the sidetracking whipstock according to claim 9, characterized in that: A lower connecting tube is provided in the central hole of the lower cone, a lower cava ratchet is provided on the outer circumference of the lower connecting tube, a lower cava ratchet ring is provided on the inner step of the upper end of the lower cone, and the lower cava ratchet ring is clamped on the lower cava ratchet; a lower cava ratchet ring sleeve is provided on the upper outer circumference of the lower cava ratchet ring, the lower end of the lower cava ratchet ring sleeve rests on the inner step of the lower cone, the outer circumference of the lower cava ratchet ring sleeve is screwed into the female thread on the upper part of the lower cone, a lower cava hydraulic chamber is provided on the top of the lower cone, a lower connecting tube bypass hole communicating with the lower cava hydraulic chamber is provided on the upper circumference of the lower connecting tube, and the upper end of the lower connecting tube is screwed to the lower end of the middle anti-rotation cava mechanism.

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