Brake pad structure for urban vehicles

Abstract

The brake pad structure comprises a steel backing and a friction block, one end of the steel backing in the axial direction is used for being installed on a braking system of the urban vehicle, a fastener is arranged at the other end of the steel backing, and a limiting table is arranged on the side wall of the end, deviating from the steel backing in the axial direction, of the fastener in a protruding mode; a stepped through hole is formed in the friction block in the axial direction in a penetrating mode, a large-diameter hole of the stepped through hole is formed in the end, away from the steel backing, of a small-diameter hole of the stepped through hole, the size of the large-diameter hole is larger than that of the limiting table, the size of the small-diameter hole is larger than that of the fastener, and the friction block is movably arranged on the peripheral face of the fastener in a sleeving mode through the small-diameter hole. The limiting table is hidden and embedded in the large-diameter hole; a wave spring is arranged between the steel backing and the friction block. According to the brake pad structure, the phenomenon of eccentric wear can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the brake pad structure is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of brake devices, in particular to a brake pad structure for urban vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization in my country, cities are showing a trend of multi-center or radial development, and a large number of satellite cities are constantly emerging. The traffic congestion problem within the urban area, outside the central urban area and between the central urban areas has become a bottleneck restricting the further development of urbanization. Therefore, urban rail vehicles (also known as urban vehicles) for regional rail transit came into being. Urban rail transit is a new type of rail transit system between intercity railways and urban rail transit. Its main function is to serve the traffic between the central urban area and suburbs or between the central urban area and its satellite cities, and to undertake short-distance passenger transportation mainly for commuting passengers between the central urban area and suburbs of large cities and for tourism, leisure and shopping between the central city and satellite cities of large cities. It has the characteristics of large capacity, fast speed, reliable time and high safety.

[0003] With the trend of high-speed development of urban vehicles, the requirements for the braking performance of urban vehicles are getting higher and higher. Brake pads are key components in the braking system of urban vehicles. The brake pads currently used for braking on urban vehicles are mainly composed of steel backs, support pads, friction blocks and rivets. The rivets rivet the friction blocks, support pads and steel backs together. However, the friction blocks of the above brake pads do not float during the braking process and cannot achieve the maximum area fit, resulting in uneven brake pad braking force and eccentric wear of the brake pads, which affects the service life of the brake pads. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the brake pads used in urban vehicles in the prior art, such as the lack of floating of the friction blocks during braking, inability to achieve maximum area adhesion, uneven wear of the brake pads, and affecting the service life of the brake pads, thereby providing a brake pad structure for urban vehicles.

[0005] According to the utility model, a brake pad structure for urban vehicles is provided, comprising:

[0006] The steel back has one axial end for installation on the brake system of a city vehicle;

[0007] A fastener is arranged at one end of the steel back axially away from the brake system, and a limit platform is protruded on the side wall of one end of the fastener axially away from the steel back;

[0008] The friction block is axially penetrated with a stepped through hole. The large-diameter hole of the stepped through hole is arranged at one end of the small-diameter hole of the stepped through hole away from the steel back. The size of the large-diameter hole is larger than the size of the limiting platform, and the size of the small-diameter hole is larger than the size of the fastener. The friction block is movably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the fastener through the small-diameter hole, and the limiting platform is hidden and embedded in the large-diameter hole;

[0009] The wave spring is arranged between the steel back and the friction block.

[0010] A structure of a brake pad for urban rail vehicles according to the present utility model has at least the following technical effects:

[0011] By movably sleeving the friction block outside the fastener, the size of the small-diameter hole is larger than the size of the fastener, the size of the large-diameter hole is larger than the size of the limiting platform, and a wave spring is arranged between the friction block and the steel back. When the braking system equipped with the brake pad structure performs braking work, the braking positive pressure acts on the friction block and makes the friction block gradually approach and fit the brake disc. During this process, by using the wave-like shape of the wave spring, the clearance space between the small-diameter hole and the fastener, and the clearance space between the large-diameter hole and the limiting platform, the friction block can not only float axially relative to the steel back, but also generate a yaw adjustment radially along the stepped through hole relative to the steel back, so that the friction working surface of the friction block is smoothly fitted with the brake disc to the greatest extent, so that the braking force of the friction block is evenly distributed, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of uneven wear, and prolonging the service life of the brake pad structure. And because the limiting platform is hidden and embedded in the large-diameter hole and is not exposed outside the friction block during the floating process, it does not interfere with the fitting action of the friction working surface of the friction block and the brake disc, ensuring that the friction block is smoothly and fully fitted to the brake disc to perform braking, so as to ensure that the friction block is basically evenly stressed everywhere, more effectively avoiding the phenomenon of uneven wear, prolonging the service life of the brake pad structure, and further prolonging the service life of the braking system equipped with the brake pad structure on urban rail vehicles.

[0012] Preferably, a first counterbore is recessed in the end face of the steel back facing the friction block corresponding to the position of the wave spring, and one end of the wave spring axially away from the friction block is embedded in the first counterbore.

[0013] Preferably, at least one limiting protrusion is convexly provided on the end face of the friction block facing the steel back, a limiting hole is provided at the position of the end face of the steel back facing the friction block corresponding to the limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is movably inserted into the limiting hole.

[0014] Preferably, three limiting protrusions are provided, and the three limiting protrusions are circumferentially and evenly distributed around the stepped through hole.

[0015] Preferably, the fastener is configured as a rivet rod of a rivet, the rivet head of the rivet forms the limit platform, a rivet cap is provided at one end of the rivet rod axially away from the rivet head, the rivet cap has a first state in which it is not squeezed and deformed, and a second state in which it is squeezed and deformed; a second through hole is axially penetrated by a position on the steel back corresponding to the step through hole; the size of the rivet cap in the first state is smaller than the size of the second through hole, and the size of the rivet cap in the second state is larger than the size of the second through hole.

[0016] Preferably, a mounting hole is recessed on the end surface of the steel back axially away from the friction block, the mounting hole is concentrically arranged with the second through hole and is connected with the second through hole; the rivet cap in the second state is hidden and embedded in the mounting hole.

[0017] Preferably, the fasteners are provided in plurality, and the plurality of fasteners are evenly distributed in the cross section of the steel back perpendicular to the axial direction, a friction block is movably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of each fastener, and a wave spring is provided between each friction block and the steel back.

[0018] Preferably, the steel back comprises two halves, and the two halves are symmetrically arranged along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the axial direction.

[0019] Preferably, a boss dovetail is provided at the middle of the end surface of the steel back axially away from the friction block, and the boss dovetail is used for fixed assembly with a clamp of a braking system.

[0020] Preferably, the friction block comprises a friction body and a mounting plate, wherein the mounting plate is arranged on the end surface of the friction body facing the wave spring; the cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting plate perpendicular to the axial direction is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the friction body perpendicular to the axial direction;

[0021] And / or, the friction block is configured as a powder metallurgy block.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of a part of the structure of this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of a part of the structure of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 is an inverted structural schematic diagram of the friction block in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 is an inverted structural schematic diagram of the rivet with the riveting cap in the first state in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the wave spring in this embodiment.

[0030] Description of the reference numerals:

[0031] 1 - steel back, 11 - first counterbore, 12 - limiting hole, 13 - second through hole, 14 - mounting hole, 15 - half part, 16 - convex platform dovetail;

[0032] 2 - friction block, 211 - large diameter hole, 212 - small diameter hole, 22 - limiting protrusion, 23 - friction body, 24 - mounting plate, 25 - arc section, 26 - straight section;

[0033] 3 - wave spring;

[0034] 4 - rivet, 41 - rivet rod, 42 - rivet head, 43 - riveting cap. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 6 The present embodiment shows a brake pad structure for urban vehicles, comprising a steel back 1 and a friction block 2. One axial end of the steel back 1 is used for installation on the braking system of the urban vehicle, and the other end is provided with a fastener. The side wall of the fastener at one end axially away from the steel back 1 is provided with a limit platform. The friction block 2 is axially penetrated to form a step through hole. The large diameter hole 211 of the step through hole is arranged at the end of the small diameter hole 212 of the step through hole axially away from the steel back 1. The size of the large diameter hole 211 is larger than the size of the limit platform, and the size of the small diameter hole 212 is larger than the size of the fastener. The friction block 2 is movably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the fastener through the small diameter hole 212, and the limit platform is hidden and embedded in the large diameter hole 211. A wave spring 3 is provided between the steel back 1 and the friction block 2. It can be understood that the axial direction and the first direction mentioned in the text refer to Figure 1 The axial direction and the first direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0040] The brake pad structure of this embodiment is achieved by movably sleeved the friction block 2 outside the fastener, the size of the small diameter hole 212 is larger than the size of the fastener, the size of the large diameter hole 211 is larger than the size of the limit platform, and a wave spring 3 is arranged between the friction block 2 and the steel back 1. When the brake system equipped with the brake pad structure of this embodiment performs braking work, the braking positive pressure acts on the friction block 2 and makes the friction block 2 gradually approach and fit the brake disc. In this process, the wave-like shape of the wave spring 3, the gap space between the small diameter hole 212 and the fastener, and the gap space between the large diameter hole 211 and the limit platform are utilized, so that the friction block 2 can not only float axially relative to the steel back 1, but also produce radial deflection adjustment along the step through hole relative to the steel back 1, so that the friction working surface of the friction block 2 can fit the brake disc stably to the greatest extent, so that the braking force of the friction block 2 is uniform, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of eccentric wear, and extending the service life of the brake pad structure of this embodiment. And because the limit platform is hidden and embedded in the large-diameter hole 211 and is never exposed outside the friction block 2 during the floating process, there is no interference with the fitting action between the friction working surface of the friction block 2 and the brake disc, ensuring that the friction block 2 is stably and fully fitted to the brake disc to implement braking, thereby ensuring that the friction block 2 is basically evenly stressed everywhere, more effectively avoiding the phenomenon of eccentric wear, extending the service life of the brake pad structure of this embodiment, and further extending the service life of the brake system equipped with the brake pad structure of this embodiment on urban vehicles.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, the end surface of the steel back 1 facing the friction block 2 is concavely provided with a first countersunk hole 11 at a position corresponding to the wave spring 3, and one end of the wave spring 3 axially away from the friction block 2 is embedded in the first countersunk hole 11. The wave spring 3 is limited by the first countersunk hole 11 to prevent the wave spring 3 from moving perpendicularly to the axial direction relative to the steel back 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the floating or deflection adjustment of the friction block 2 relative to the steel back 1.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, at least one limiting protrusion 22 protrudes from the end face of the friction block 2 facing the steel back 1. A limiting hole 12 is provided at the position corresponding to the limiting protrusion 22 on the end face of the steel back 1 facing the friction block 2, and the limiting protrusion 22 is movably inserted into the limiting hole 12. With this setting, on the one hand, through the cooperation relationship between the limiting protrusion 22 and the limiting hole 12, during the process of the friction block 2 being in contact with the brake disc to achieve braking, the rotation of the friction block 2 along the circumferential direction of the stepped through-hole is effectively restricted, effectively avoiding the sliding friction between the friction block 2 and the brake disc from switching to rolling friction, and ensuring the braking effect; on the other hand, because the size of the limiting hole 12 is larger than the size of the limiting protrusion 22, the limiting protrusion 22 can not only float axially in the limiting hole 12, but also deflect in the limiting hole 12, more effectively increasing the contact braking area of the friction block 2, thereby effectively avoiding the phenomenon of uneven wear of the friction block 2 and further extending the service life of the urban rail vehicle brake pad structure in this embodiment.

[0043] In order to better restrict the rotation of the friction block 2 along the circumferential direction of the stepped through-hole during the process of the friction block 2 being in contact with the brake disc to achieve braking, in some embodiments of the present utility model, three limiting protrusions 22 are provided, and the three limiting protrusions 22 are circumferentially and evenly spaced around the stepped through-hole.

[0044] As Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the fastener is set as the rivet rod 41 of the rivet 4, the rivet head 42 of the rivet 4 forms the limiting platform, one end of the rivet rod 41 axially deviating from the rivet head 42 is provided with a riveting cap 43, and the riveting cap 43 has a first state in which it is not extruded and deformed and a second state in which it is extruded and deformed; a second through-hole 13 is axially penetrated through the position corresponding to the stepped through-hole on the steel back 1; the size of the riveting cap 43 in the first state is smaller than the size of the second through-hole 13, and the size of the riveting cap 43 in the second state is larger than the size of the second through-hole 13. By combining the fastener and the limiting platform as parts of the rivet 4, the rivet 4 is a standard part, and the rivet head 42 of the rivet 4 forms the limiting platform, eliminating the need for additional mold production of the fastener and the limiting platform, reducing the assembly process of the fastener and the limiting platform, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the brake pad structure in this embodiment; and compared with the method of connecting the fastener and the steel back 1 by welding, the assembly process of connecting the fastener and the steel back 1 into one body by riveting in this embodiment is simpler.

[0045] As Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the steel back 1 is recessed with a mounting hole 14 on the end face axially departing from the friction block 2. The mounting hole 14 is concentric with the second through hole 13 and communicates with the second through hole 13. The riveting cap 43 in the second state is hidden and embedded in the mounting hole 14. After the riveting cap 43 in the first state passes through the second through hole 13 and extends into the mounting hole 14 and is squeezed and deformed to rivet the rivet 4 on the steel back 1, the riveting cap 43 in the second state is hidden and embedded in the mounting hole 14 without being exposed, effectively avoiding being scratched by the riveting cap 43 during the process of an operator assembling the brake pad structure of this embodiment with the braking system.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, a plurality of fasteners are provided. Here, nineteen fasteners are preferably provided. The nineteen fasteners are evenly distributed on the cross-section of the steel back 1 perpendicular to the axial direction. An outer peripheral surface of each fastener is movably sleeved with a friction block 2, and a wave spring 3 is provided between each friction block 2 and the steel back 1. By evenly distributing nineteen friction blocks 2 on the steel back 1, and the friction blocks 2 at different positions can all float axially relative to the steel back 1 and swing and adjust radially along the stepped through hole, the friction working surfaces of the friction blocks 2 at each position are maximally and smoothly attached to the brake disc, achieving improving the braking effect while extending the service life of the brake pad structure of this embodiment.

[0047] In specific applications, the number of the fasteners is reasonably increased or decreased according to the cross-sectional area size of the steel back 1 perpendicular to the axial direction and the braking performance requirements. For example, in other embodiments, the number of the fasteners is two, three, four, five or other numbers.

[0048] Optionally, the steel back 1 includes two halves 15, and the two halves 15 are symmetrically arranged along the first direction. As Figure 1 shown, a relatively large number (specifically three) of friction blocks 2 can be provided on the sides of the two halves 15 facing each other, increasing the fitting area between the abutting portion of the two halves 15 facing each other and the brake disc, and better achieving the braking effect.

[0049] As Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, a boss dovetail 16 is provided in the middle of the end face of the steel back 1 axially departing from the friction block 2. The boss dovetail 16 is used for fixed installation with the clamp of the braking system, and the braking positive pressure is applied to the friction block 2 through the clamp to implement braking on the brake disc. Specifically, the boss dovetail 16 and the steel back 1 are integrally formed by casting.

[0050] As Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the friction block 2 includes a friction body 23 and a mounting plate 24. The mounting plate 24 is disposed on the end face of the friction body 23 facing the corrugated spring 3. The cross-sectional area of the mounting plate 24 perpendicular to the axial direction is larger than the cross-sectional area of the friction body 23 perpendicular to the axial direction. By means of the mounting plate 24, the abutting area between the friction block 2 and the corrugated spring 3 is further increased, so that the friction block 2 can better compress the corrugated spring 3 to generate floating. For the convenience of machining a stepped through hole on the friction block 2, specifically, the large-diameter hole 211 is disposed on the friction body 23, and the small-diameter hole 212 is disposed on the mounting plate 24.

[0051] More specifically, the friction body 23 and the mounting plate 24 are integrally sintered and formed.

[0052] Optionally, the friction block 2 is provided as a powder metallurgy block. The powder metallurgy block has better wear resistance and larger surface roughness, which can extend the service life on the premise of ensuring the strength and braking performance of the brake pad structure in this embodiment.

[0053] In order to arrange more friction blocks 2 on the steel back 1 with the same cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction; as Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the cross-sectional profile of the friction block 2 perpendicular to the axial direction includes arc segments 25, straight segments 26, arc segments 25 and straight segments 26 connected in sequence.

[0054] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles, characterized in that: include: A steel back (1), one end of which along the axial direction is used for installation on the braking system of a city vehicle; A fastener is arranged at one end of the steel back (1) axially away from the brake system, and a limit platform is protruded from the side wall of the end of the fastener axially away from the steel back (1); The friction block (2) is provided with a stepped through hole through the axial direction, the large diameter hole (211) of the stepped through hole is arranged at the end of the small diameter hole (212) of the stepped through hole away from the steel back (1), the size of the large diameter hole (211) is larger than the size of the limiting platform, the size of the small diameter hole (212) is larger than the size of the fastener, the friction block (2) is movably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the fastener through the small diameter hole (212), and the limiting platform is hidden and embedded in the large diameter hole (211); A wave spring (3) is arranged between the steel back (1) and the friction block (2).

2. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first countersunk hole (11) is recessed on the end surface of the steel back (1) facing the friction block (2) at a position corresponding to the wave spring (3), and one end of the wave spring (3) axially away from the friction block (2) is embedded in the first countersunk hole (11).

3. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction block (2) is provided with at least one limiting protrusion (22) on the end surface facing the steel back (1), and a limiting hole (12) is provided on the end surface of the steel back (1) facing the friction block (2) at a position corresponding to the limiting protrusion (22), and the limiting protrusion (22) is movably plugged into the limiting hole (12).

4. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: Three limiting protrusions (22) are provided, and the three limiting protrusions (22) are evenly spaced around the step through hole in the circumferential direction.

5. The brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener is configured as a rivet rod (41) of a rivet (4), the rivet head (42) of the rivet (4) forms the limit platform, and a rivet cap (43) is provided at one end of the rivet rod (41) axially away from the rivet head (42), and the rivet cap (43) has a first state in which it is not squeezed and deformed, and a second state in which it is squeezed and deformed; a second through hole (13) is axially penetrated at a position on the steel back (1) corresponding to the step through hole; the size of the rivet cap (43) in the first state is smaller than the size of the second through hole (13), and the size of the rivet cap (43) in the second state is larger than the size of the second through hole (13).

6. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end surface of the steel back (1) axially away from the friction block (2) is provided with a mounting hole (14), the mounting hole (14) is concentrically arranged with the second through hole (13) and is connected with the second through hole (13); the rivet cap (43) in the second state is hidden and embedded in the mounting hole (14).

7. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: There are a plurality of fasteners, and the plurality of fasteners are evenly distributed on the cross section of the steel back (1) perpendicular to the axial direction. A friction block (2) is movably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of each fastener, and a wave spring (3) is provided between each friction block (2) and the steel back (1).

8. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steel back (1) comprises two halves (15), the two halves (15) being symmetrically arranged along a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the axial direction.

9. The brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: A boss dovetail (16) is provided at the middle of the end surface of the steel back (1) axially away from the friction block (2), and the boss dovetail (16) is used for fixed assembly with a clamp of a brake system.

10. A brake pad structure for urban vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The friction block (2) comprises a friction body (23) and a mounting plate (24); the mounting plate (24) is arranged on the end surface of the friction body (23) facing the wave spring (3); the cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting plate (24) perpendicular to the axial direction is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the friction body (23) perpendicular to the axial direction; And / or, the friction block (2) is configured as a powder metallurgy block.

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