Heat exchange mechanism and refrigerating system
By adopting a combined structure of multiple plate heat exchanger and gas-liquid separator in the refrigeration system, the problems of poor flow of refrigeration fluid and low refrigeration efficiency are solved, and efficient condensation and deep cooling temperature are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422170208.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-04
AI Technical Summary
The existing refrigeration system has problems such as poor flow of refrigeration fluid, low refrigeration efficiency, insufficient heat exchange efficiency, and slow cooling rate when cooling large areas of objects.
The combined structure of a multi-splate heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator is adopted to separate the heat exchanged gas and liquid through the gas-liquid separator to ensure smooth flow of the refrigeration fluid in the pipeline, and to improve the condensation efficiency of the refrigeration fluid through multiple heat exchanges.
It realizes efficient condensation of refrigeration work fluid, improves refrigeration efficiency, can adapt to low temperature environments, reach the deep-cooled temperature range, and reduces the cost and failure probability of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN222993234U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of refrigeration systems, and particularly relates to a heat exchange mechanism and a refrigeration system. Background Art
[0002] Existing ordinary refrigeration systems mainly rely on refrigeration cycles to achieve refrigeration. Their main components are compressors, condensers, throttle valves, and evaporators. Their operation mainly includes four processes: (1) Compression process: A low-temperature and low-pressure fluid passes through a compressor and is compressed in the compressor to become a high-temperature and high-pressure vapor. (2) Condensation process: The high-temperature and high-pressure vapor is sent by the compressor into the condenser, and through the condenser, the high-temperature and high-pressure vapor exchanges heat with the external environment, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure vapor is transformed into a high-pressure fluid. A large amount of heat is released during the condensation process. (3) Throttling process: The high-pressure fluid cannot be directly sent into the evaporator for evaporation and heat absorption because the high-pressure fluid has a relatively high evaporation temperature. The high-pressure fluid needs to pass through a throttle valve to be transformed into a low-pressure fluid by means of expansion work. (4) Evaporation process (refrigeration process): The low-pressure fluid evaporates and absorbs heat through the evaporator, taking away most of the heat in the cooled medium, thereby achieving the purpose of refrigeration. After the evaporation process ends, the low-temperature fluid will be transformed into a high-temperature and low-pressure vapor, and at this time, the vapor can be compressed by the compressor again, and so on, so as to achieve the purpose of cyclic refrigeration.
[0003] When the refrigerant flows in an ordinary refrigeration system, due to its relatively low pressure, there may be factors such as a small flow rate and poor flow in the pipeline; and an ordinary refrigeration system can only go through one refrigeration process in one cycle, and the refrigeration efficiency cannot reach a relatively high level; the heat exchange efficiency and heat exchange area of the evaporator will also have a great impact on the COP of the entire refrigeration system. Ordinary refrigeration systems have great disadvantages in cooling large-area objects, and often have a slow cooling rate and are difficult to meet the requirements. Therefore, it is very important to obtain a heat exchange mechanism and a refrigeration system that overcome the above defects. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] To solve the above at least one technical problem, on the one hand, the utility model provides a heat exchange mechanism, including a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a fourth heat exchanger. The first inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a refrigerant, and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger through the gas outlet of a first gas-liquid separator. The liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger, so that after the refrigerant acts on the first heat exchanger, it is subjected to gas-liquid separation in the first gas-liquid separator, the gas enters the first inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the liquid enters the second inlet of the second heat exchanger.
[0005] The first outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger. The second outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet of the third heat exchanger 13 through the gas port of the second gas-liquid separator. The liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger;
[0006] The second outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger. The first outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger. The first outlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger. Part of the refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat and then flows through the third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in sequence for condensation use.
[0007] The liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger through the first throttle valve. The liquid forms a low-pressure liquid fluid after passing through the first throttle valve; and / or, the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger through the second throttle valve. The liquid forms a low-pressure liquid fluid after passing through the first throttle valve.
[0008] A first drying filter is connected between the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator and the first throttle valve; a second drying filter is connected between the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator and the second throttle valve. The second outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger through the third drying filter and the third throttle valve.
[0009] The second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger.
[0010] The first inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a pipeline to form the first inlet of the heat exchange mechanism. The first outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a pipeline to form the first outlet of the heat exchange mechanism. The first inlet of the second heat exchanger forms the second inlet of the heat exchange mechanism. The first outlet of the fourth heat exchanger forms the second outlet of the heat exchange mechanism. The second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger forms the third outlet of the heat exchange mechanism.
[0011] Through the above technical solution, the utility model adds a gas-liquid separator for separating the gas and liquid after heat exchange, so that it can flow smoothly in the pipeline; after four times of heat exchange by the plate heat exchanger, the refrigerant that cannot be condensed into liquid under normal circumstances can be condensed into liquid, so that a greater refrigerating capacity can be obtained during the final evaporation and heat absorption process, and it can better adapt to a relatively low-temperature environment and can reach the cryogenic temperature range.
[0012] On the other hand, the present utility model provides a refrigeration system, which includes at least one of the above heat exchange mechanisms, and also includes a coil pipe, an evaporator, and an expansion tank. The expansion tank is connected to the second inlet of the heat exchange mechanism through a solenoid valve. The first outlet of the heat exchange mechanism is connected to the expansion tank. The second outlet of the heat exchange mechanism is connected to the evaporator, and the evaporator is connected to the third outlet of the heat exchanger through the coil pipe.
[0013] It further includes a condenser, which liquefies part of the refrigerant and inputs it into the first inlet of the heat exchange mechanism through a sixth drying filter. It also includes a compressor. After passing through the compressor, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas mixture and then transported to the condenser. The compressor is connected to the expansion tank.
[0014] The copper tube evaporator is connected to the coil pipe through a fourth throttle valve and a fourth drying filter, and a fifth throttle valve and a fifth drying filter are externally connected to the fourth drying filter.
[0015] The first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger are plate heat exchangers, and the evaporator is a copper tube evaporator.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model adopts a single-compressor cascade refrigeration technology, which has a simple structure, stable operation, and multiple protection devices for overheating and overcurrent. It has low power consumption. The pressure of the refrigerant returned to the compressor after expansion through the throttle valve is relatively high, which can make the refrigerant flow smoothly in the pipeline, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire refrigeration system.
[0017] Compared with some complex multi-stage refrigeration systems, the cost of the present utility model is reduced. The present utility model has relatively few components, reduces the probability of failure, has high reliability, and improves the energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present utility model;
[0019] Reference Signs:
[0020] 1 Compressor; 3 Condenser; 4 Sixth Drying Filter; 5 First Heat Exchanger; 6 First Gas-Liquid Separator; 7 First Drying Filter; 8 First Throttle Valve; 9 Second Heat Exchanger; 10 Second Gas-Liquid Separator; 11 Second Drying Filter; 12 Second Throttle Valve; 13 Third Heat Exchanger; 14 Third Drying Filter; 15 Third Throttle Valve; 16 Fourth Heat Exchanger; 17 Coil Pipe; 18 Fourth Drying Filter; 19 Fifth Drying Filter; 20 Fifth Throttle Valve; 21 Fourth Throttle Valve; 22 Solenoid Valve; 23 Evaporator; 24 Return Pipe; 25 Expansion Tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present utility model and thus more clearly define the scope of protection required by the present utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with respect to certain specific embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that the following are only some specific embodiments of the concept of the present utility model and only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model. The specific and direct descriptions of the relevant structures are only for the convenience of understanding the present utility model, and each specific feature does not of course and directly limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model.
[0022] Referring to the attached drawings, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions. On the one hand, the present utility model provides a heat exchange mechanism, which includes a first heat exchanger 5, a second heat exchanger 9, a third heat exchanger 13, and a fourth heat exchanger 16. The first inlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is introduced with a refrigeration working medium. The second outlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 9 through the gas outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 6. The liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 9, so that the refrigeration working medium is subjected to gas-liquid separation in the first gas-liquid separator 6 after the action of the first heat exchanger 5. The gas enters the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 9, and the liquid enters the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 9.
[0023] The first outlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger 5. The second outlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is connected to the first inlet of the third heat exchanger 13 through the gas port of the second gas-liquid separator 10. The liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 10 is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger 13.
[0024] The second outlet of the third heat exchanger 13 is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16. The first outlet of the third heat exchanger 13 is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 9. The first outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger 13. Part of the refrigeration working medium is heated and evaporated to absorb heat and then flows through the third heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchanger 9, and the first heat exchanger 5 in sequence for condensation use.
[0025] The liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 9 through a first throttle valve 8. The liquid forms a low-pressure liquid fluid after passing through the first throttle valve 8; and / or, the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 10 is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger 13 through a second throttle valve 12. The liquid forms a low-pressure liquid fluid after passing through the first throttle valve 8.
[0026] A first drying filter 7 is connected between the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 6 and the first throttle valve 8; a second drying filter 11 is connected between the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 10 and the second throttle valve 12. The second outlet of the third heat exchanger 13 is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 through a third drying filter 14 and a third throttle valve 15.
[0027] The second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16.
[0028] The first inlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is connected to a pipeline to form the first inlet of the heat exchange mechanism, the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is connected to a pipeline to form the first outlet of the heat exchange mechanism, the first inlet of the second heat exchanger forms the second inlet of the heat exchange mechanism, the first outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 forms the second outlet of the heat exchange mechanism, and the second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 forms the third outlet of the heat exchange mechanism.
[0029] Through the above technical solution, the utility model adds a gas-liquid separator for separating the gas and liquid after heat exchange, so that they can flow smoothly in the pipeline; after four times of heat exchange by plate heat exchangers, the working medium that cannot be condensed into liquid under normal circumstances can be condensed into liquid, so that a greater refrigerating capacity can be obtained in the final evaporation and heat absorption process, and it is more adaptable to a relatively low-temperature environment, and can reach the cryogenic temperature range.
[0030] On the other hand, the utility model provides a refrigeration system, including at least one of the above heat exchange mechanisms, and further including a coil 17, an evaporator 23, and an expansion tank 25. The expansion tank 25 is connected to the second inlet of the heat exchange mechanism through a solenoid valve 22. The first outlet of the heat exchange mechanism is connected to the expansion tank 25. The second outlet of the heat exchange mechanism is connected to the evaporator 23, and the evaporator 23 is connected to the third outlet of the heat exchanger through the coil 17.
[0031] It further includes a condenser 3. The condenser 3 liquefies part of the refrigeration working medium and inputs it into the first inlet of the heat exchange mechanism through a sixth dryer filter 4. It further includes a compressor 1. After passing through the compressor 1, the refrigeration working medium is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas mixture and then transported to the condenser 3. The compressor 1 is connected to the expansion tank 25.
[0032] The copper tube evaporator 23 is connected to the coil 17 through a fourth throttle valve 21 and a fourth dryer filter 18. The fourth dryer filter 18 is externally connected with a fifth throttle valve 20 and a fifth dryer filter 19.
[0033] The first heat exchanger 5, the second heat exchanger 9, the third heat exchanger 13, and the fourth heat exchanger 16 are plate heat exchangers, and the evaporator 23 is a copper tube evaporator 23.
[0034] When in use, the refrigerants are a mixture of R22, R23, R14, and R50 in a certain proportion. The refrigerant first passes through the compressor 1 and is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas mixture. Then it passes through the condenser 3, where it exchanges heat with cold water to fully reduce the temperature of the refrigerant. According to the different boiling points of R22, R23, R14, and R50, only part of the R22 is condensed into a liquid in the condenser 3, and the rest remains gaseous. At this time, the mixture enters the first heat exchanger 5, where all of the R22 becomes a liquid, and R23, R14, and R50 remain gaseous. After separation by the first gas-liquid separator 6, the liquid R22 is throttled into a low-pressure liquid fluid by the first throttle valve 8 and then enters the second heat exchanger 9. This liquid fluid exchanges heat with the gaseous R23, R14, and R50. In the second heat exchanger 9, the R22 will be heated and evaporated, absorbing a large amount of heat, thereby condensing the R23 into a liquid. At the same time, the gaseous R22 will flow back to the first heat exchanger 5 through a pipeline. The gaseous R22, as a cold fluid, exchanges heat with the hot fluid, a mixture of four gas refrigerants, coming in from the condenser tube 3 to complete the first cooling operation.
[0035] The liquefied R23 is separated after passing through the second gas-liquid separator 10, first expands into a low-pressure fluid through the second throttle valve 12, and then exchanges heat with the remaining gas mixture of R14 and R50 in the third heat exchanger 13. At this time, the liquid R23 is heated and evaporated, absorbing a large amount of heat and becoming a gas. It flows back through a pipeline and successively passes through the second heat exchanger 9 and the first heat exchanger 5, both serving as cold fluids for condensation.
[0036] In the third heat exchanger 13, the R14 is cooled and condensed into a liquid. After expansion through the third throttle valve 15, it exchanges heat with the gaseous R50 in the fourth heat exchanger 16. After the R14 is heated and evaporated, absorbing heat, it also flows back through a pipeline and successively passes through the third heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchanger 9, and the first heat exchanger 5 for condensation.
[0037] In the R50 condensed in the fourth heat exchanger 16, there is a gas-liquid two-phase. The gaseous R50 will remain in the coil 17 heat exchanger after being filtered by the fourth dry filter 18. The liquid R50 is secondarily filtered by the fifth dry filter 19 and then expands through the fifth throttle valve 20. After exchanging heat with the gaseous R50 through the coil 17, it can condense the gaseous R50 into a liquid, thereby increasing the amount of R50 for evaporation in the copper plate evaporator 23. Evaporation occurs in this component to absorb the heat in the cooled tool, thereby increasing the refrigeration capacity. The fourth throttle valve 21 is used to expand the liquid R50 coming out of the coil 17.
[0038] The evaporated R50 will also flow back to the fourth heat exchanger 16, the third heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchanger 9, and the first heat exchanger 5 through pipelines and be used as a cold fluid for condensation. Finally, all the returned gaseous working fluids (R22, R23, R14, R50) will return to the compressor 1 through the return air pipe, be compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gases, and start the next cycle.
[0039] Functions of the solenoid valve 22 and the expansion tank 25: For the working fluid that exchanges heat in the first heat exchanger 5, since the system may need a certain start-up time at the beginning of operation, the heat exchange may not be sufficient. At this time, the solenoid valve 22 can be opened to introduce the gaseous working fluid mixture into the expansion tank 25 for direct expansion, and then it flows back to the compressor 1 for recompression and condensation, and then enters the heat exchange mechanism.
[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model adopts a single-compressor 1 cascade refrigeration technology, which has a simple structure, stable operation, and multiple protection devices for overheating and overcurrent. It has low power consumption. The pressure of the refrigeration working fluid that returns to the compressor 1 after expansion through the throttle valve is relatively high, which can make the refrigeration working fluid flow smoothly in the pipeline, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire refrigeration system.
[0041] Compared with some complex multi-stage refrigeration systems, the cost of the present utility model is reduced. The present utility model has relatively few components, reduces the probability of failure, has high reliability, and improves the energy utilization efficiency.
[0042] So far, the technical solution of the present utility model has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A heat exchange mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first heat exchanger (5), a second heat exchanger (9), a third heat exchanger (13) and a fourth heat exchanger (16); a refrigerant is introduced into a first inlet of the first heat exchanger (5); a second outlet of the first heat exchanger (5) is connected to a first inlet of the second heat exchanger (9) through a gas outlet of a first gas-liquid separator (6); a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (6) is connected to a second inlet of the second heat exchanger (9); so that the refrigerant is separated into gas and liquid in the first gas-liquid separator (6) after being acted on by the first heat exchanger (5); the gas enters the first inlet of the second heat exchanger (9) and the liquid enters the second inlet of the second heat exchanger (9); The first outlet of the second heat exchanger (9) is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger (5), the second outlet of the second heat exchanger (9) is connected to the first inlet of the third heat exchanger (13) through the gas port of the second gas-liquid separator (10), and the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator (10) is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger (13); The second outlet of the third heat exchanger (13) is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (16), the first outlet of the third heat exchanger (13) is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger (9), and the first outlet of the fourth heat exchanger (16) is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger (13). After a part of the refrigerant is heated and evaporates and absorbs heat, it flows through the third heat exchanger (13), the second heat exchanger (9) and the first heat exchanger (5) in sequence for condensation.
2. The heat exchange mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (6) is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger (9) through the first throttle valve (8), and the liquid forms a low-pressure liquid fluid after passing through the first throttle valve (8); and / or, the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator (10) is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger (13) through the second throttle valve (12), and the liquid forms a low-pressure liquid fluid after passing through the first throttle valve (8).
3. The heat exchange mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first drying filter (7) is connected between the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (6) and the first throttle valve (8); and / or a second drying filter (11) is connected between the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator (10) and the second throttle valve (12).
4. The heat exchange mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second outlet of the third heat exchanger (13) is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (16) via a third drying filter (14) and a third throttle valve (15).
5. The heat exchange mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger (16) is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (16).
6. The heat exchange mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inlet connecting pipe of the first heat exchanger (5) forms the first inlet of the heat exchange mechanism, the first outlet connecting pipe of the first heat exchanger (5) forms the first outlet of the heat exchange mechanism, the first inlet of the second heat exchanger (9) forms the second inlet of the heat exchange mechanism, the first outlet of the fourth heat exchanger (16) forms the second outlet of the heat exchange mechanism, and the second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger (16) forms the third outlet of the heat exchange mechanism.
7. A refrigeration system, characterized in that: The heat exchange mechanism comprises at least one heat exchange mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and further comprises a coil (17), an evaporator (23), and an expansion tank (25), wherein the expansion tank (25) is connected to a second inlet of the heat exchange mechanism via a solenoid valve (22), a first outlet of the heat exchange mechanism is connected to the expansion tank (25), a second outlet of the heat exchange mechanism is connected to the evaporator (23), and the evaporator (23) is connected to a third outlet of the heat exchanger via the coil (17).
8. The refrigeration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a condenser (3), wherein the condenser (3) partially liquefies the refrigerant and then inputs the liquefied refrigerant into the first inlet of the heat exchange mechanism through a sixth drying filter (4); and a compressor (1), wherein the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas mixture after passing through the compressor (1) and then transported to the condenser (3), wherein the compressor (1) is connected to an expansion tank (25).
9. The refrigeration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first heat exchanger (5), the second heat exchanger (9), the third heat exchanger (13) and the fourth heat exchanger (16) are plate heat exchangers, and the evaporator (23) is a copper tube evaporator (23).
10. The refrigeration system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The copper tube evaporator (23) is connected to the coil (17) via a fourth throttle valve (21) and a fourth drying filter (18), and the fourth drying filter (18) is externally connected to a fifth throttle valve (20) and a fifth drying filter (19).