Proportional counter tube capable of serving as signal source

Abstract

The utility model relates to the related technical field of nuclear radiation detection technology, in particular to a proportional counter tube capable of serving as a signal source, which comprises a proportional counter tube top cover, a cathode tube shell, a counter tube base and an anode wire, a particle mechanism is arranged on the inner side surface of the cathode tube shell, and an attenuation mechanism is arranged on the outer side surface of the cathode tube shell. According to the proportional counter tube capable of being used as the signal source, radioactive isotopes are prevented from being used as a neutron source due to the built-in particle source, so that the safety and environmental protection problems in the use and treatment process of the radioactive isotopes are solved, the use safety of equipment is improved, and compared with the use of the radioactive isotopes as the neutron source, the cost is reduced. Due to the fact that the built-in particle source is adopted, signal sources with different counting rate outputs can be manufactured according to debugging requirements, the counting rate outputs can be switched at any time according to the requirements, the use efficiency of the device is improved, and debugging of instruments and meters is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection technology, in particular to a proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source. Background Technique

[0002] In the field of nuclear radiation detection technology, the neutron proportional counter tube is an important detection device, which is widely used in the fields of nuclear physics research, nuclear energy utilization, environmental monitoring, etc. The working principle of the neutron proportional counter tube is that when neutrons enter the counter tube, they undergo elastic scattering with the working gas in the tube, generating secondary particles. These secondary particles move towards the anode under the action of an electric field, forming pulse signals. By measuring these pulse signals, the energy information of neutrons can be obtained. However, the acquisition and use of neutron sources have certain difficulties and risks. Therefore, how to simulate the output signal of the neutron proportional counter tube for the debugging and use of instruments and meters is an important research direction. Their combination can provide more accurate and reliable particle detection. The proportional counter tube can convert the incidence of particles into electrical signals, while the particle source provides a known particle beam, enabling the detection system to be calibrated and quantitatively analyzed. This combination has a wide range of applications in the fields of nuclear physics, particle physics, etc., and can be used to study the properties, energy distribution, and interactions of particles. Therefore, there is a particular need for a proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source.

[0003] However, when the existing proportional counter tubes that can be used as signal sources are in use, there are certain safety and environmental protection problems in the use and handling of radioactive isotopes, which to a certain extent limit their application in scientific research and industrial production. Secondly, the supply and price of radioactive isotopes are relatively high, increasing the use cost of the equipment. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technique, that is, when the existing proportional counter tubes that can be used as signal sources are in use, there are certain safety and environmental protection problems in the use and handling of radioactive isotopes, which to a certain extent limit their application in scientific research and industrial production. Secondly, the supply and price of radioactive isotopes are relatively high, increasing the use cost of the equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source, including a proportional counter tube top cover, a cathode tube shell, a counter tube base, and an anode wire. One side surface of the proportional counter tube top cover is connected to the cathode tube shell. One side surface of the cathode tube shell is connected to the counter tube base. The inner side surface of the cathode tube shell is connected to the anode wire. A particle mechanism is arranged on the inner side surface of the cathode tube shell. An attenuation mechanism is arranged on the outer side surface of the cathode tube shell.

[0006] The particle mechanism includes an anode-supported ceramic ring frame, a particle source, a mounting groove, a first spring, a pressing block, and a clamping groove. The anode-supported ceramic ring frame is placed on the inner surface of the cathode tube shell. The particle source is attached to one side surface of the anode-supported ceramic ring frame. The mounting groove is formed on the inner surface of the cathode tube shell. The first spring is connected to the inner surface of the mounting groove. One end surface of the first spring is connected to the pressing block. The clamping grooves are formed on both side surfaces of the anode-supported ceramic ring frame.

[0007] Preferably, six groups of the particle sources are provided and symmetrically distributed.

[0008] Preferably, the first spring connected to the pressing block in the mounting groove forms a telescopic structure.

[0009] Preferably, the attenuation mechanism includes a fixing frame, a connecting rod, a handle, a clamping block, a rubber pad, a second spring, and a radio frequency attenuator. The fixing frame is installed on the outer surface of the cathode tube shell. The connecting rod penetrates and is connected to one side surface of the fixing frame. The handle is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod. The clamping block is fixedly connected to one end surface of the connecting rod. The rubber pad is attached to one side surface of the clamping block. The radio frequency attenuator is placed on the upper surface of the fixing frame.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping block is connected to the second spring and forms a telescopic structure by the pulling of the connecting rod.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source realizes the stable fixation of the particle source through a unique structural design, ensuring the tight combination of the tube shell and the anode support ceramic ring frame, providing a reliable basis for subsequent particle detection. A large number of primary particles generated by the particle source interact with the working medium to generate secondary particles, which provides a rich particle source for the signal output of the counter tube. The design of the diameter and wall thickness of the cathode tube shell effectively prevents the influence of self-emitted rays such as those generated by Am-241 on the outside world, ensuring the safety of the usage environment. In the selection of the working medium, appropriate gases such as argon or P10 gas are used. These gases can generate a large number of electrons after ionization. With a suitable working voltage, it ensures the effective collection of electrons and the accurate output of signals. Through precise encapsulation and testing, the stability and reliability of the counter tube are guaranteed, enabling it to stably output pulse signals at different working voltages. This signal source that can simulate the output of a neutron proportional counter tube has important application value. It can be used for the debugging of pulse-type radiation instruments and meters such as neutron proportional counter tubes, replacing the use of neutron sources, solving the safety and environmental protection problems in the use and processing of radioactive isotopes, while reducing costs. Since the particles are sealed inside the proportional counter tube, it is safe to use, the working gas is stable, the half-life is long, the signal source is basically maintenance-free, and the output is stable at different voltages, which is basically consistent with the signal characteristics of a real neutron proportional counter tube, facilitating the debugging of the system. In addition, the design of the RF attenuator can effectively eliminate the contaminated rays emitted by the cathode tube shell, further improving the safety and reliability of the equipment. By pulling the handle, the clamping block fits and clamps the RF attenuator under the action of the spring, which is simple and convenient to operate. Moreover, the built-in particle source avoids the use of radioactive isotopes as neutron sources, thus eliminating the safety and environmental protection problems in the use and processing of radioactive isotopes and improving the safety of equipment use. Cost reduction: Compared with using radioactive isotopes as neutron sources, the present invention uses a non-radioactive method to simulate the output signal of a neutron proportional counter tube, without considering the supply and price issues of radioactive isotopes, thereby reducing the use cost of the equipment. Improved usage efficiency: By using a built-in particle source, signal sources with different counting rate outputs can be manufactured according to the debugging needs, and the counting rate output can be switched at any time according to the requirements, thereby improving the usage efficiency of the equipment and facilitating the debugging of instruments and meters. The signal source can simulate the output signal of a neutron proportional counter tube, facilitating the debugging of instruments and meters and improving the usage convenience of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic side view structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main drawing of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the particle mechanism of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the attenuation mechanism of the present utility model.

[0016] In the figure: 1, proportional counter top cover; 2, cathode tube shell; 3, counter base; 4, anode wire; 5, particle mechanism; 501, anode support ceramic ring frame; 502, particle source; 503, installation groove; 504, first spring; 505, pressing block; 506, card slot; 6, attenuation mechanism; 601, fixing frame; 602, connecting rod; 603, handle; 604, clamping block; 605, rubber pad; 606, second spring; 607, RF attenuator. Specific implementation manners

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , the present utility model provides a technical solution: a proportional counter that can be used as a signal source, including a proportional counter top cover 1, a cathode tube shell 2, a counter base 3, and an anode wire 4. One side surface of the proportional counter top cover 1 is connected to the cathode tube shell 2, one side surface of the cathode tube shell 2 is connected to the counter base 3, the inner side surface of the cathode tube shell 2 is connected to the anode wire 4, the inner side surface of the cathode tube shell 2 is provided with a particle mechanism 5, and the outer side surface of the cathode tube shell 2 is provided with an attenuation mechanism 6;

[0019] The particle mechanism 5 includes an anode support ceramic ring frame 501, a particle source 502, a mounting groove 503, a first spring 504, a pressing block 505, and a card slot 506. The anode support ceramic ring frame 501 is placed on the inner surface of the cathode tube shell 2. A particle source 502 is attached to one side surface of the anode support ceramic ring frame 501. A mounting groove 503 is provided on the inner surface of the cathode tube shell 2. A first spring 504 is connected to the inner surface of the mounting groove 503. One end surface of the first spring 504 is connected to a pressing block 505. Card slots 506 are provided on both side surfaces of the anode support ceramic ring frame 501. Through the settings of the anode support ceramic ring frame 501, the particle source 502, the mounting groove 503, the first spring 504, the pressing block 505, and the card slot 506, the use effect is better. First, the particle source 502 is attached to the anode support ceramic ring frame 501. Then, the pressing block 505 is pressed. Next, the pressing block 505 compresses the first spring 504. Then, when the pressing block 505 completely enters the mounting groove 503, the support ceramic ring frame 501 is placed at the designated position inside the cathode tube shell 2. Then, the first spring 504 pushes out the pressing block 505, and the fixation of the anode support ceramic ring frame 501 and the cathode tube shell 2 is completed. Then, the particle source 502 has an activity of 10 kBq of Am-241. Then, the particle source 502 generates a large number of primary particles. These particles interact with the working medium inside the counter tube, thereby generating a large number of secondary particles. The diameter of the cathode tube shell 2 is 25 mm, and the cathode wall thickness is 1 mm. Such a design can prevent the influence of self-emitted rays such as those generated by Am-241 on the outside. For the working medium, an appropriate gas is selected as the working medium, such as argon or P10 gas, etc. These gases can generate a large number of electrons after ionization. Then, a suitable working voltage is selected to ensure the effective collection of electrons and the accurate output of signals. Then, P10 is selected as the working medium, the gas filling pressure is 110 kPa, and the working voltage is 1000 V. Encapsulation and testing: Necessary encapsulation and testing are carried out on the counter tube to ensure its stability and reliability, and information such as the single-pulse charge amount generated by the gas amplification effect under different working voltages is obtained. We use argon arc welding to encapsulate the counter tube. After encapsulation, the leakage rate of the counter tube at room temperature is less than 1E-10 Pa·m3·s-1. When the working voltage is 1000 V, it can stably output pulse signals. We can manufacture a signal source that can simulate the output of a neutron proportional counter tube. This signal source can be used for the debugging of pulse-type radiation instruments and meters such as neutron proportional counter tubes, replacing the use of neutron sources, thereby solving the safety and environmental protection problems in the use and processing of radioactive isotopes, as well as the problems of high supply and price of radioactive isotopes. At the same time, since the particles have been sealed inside the proportional counter tube, it is safe to use. At the same time, the working gas is stable, the half-life is long, the signal source is basically maintenance-free, and the output under different voltages is stable and basically consistent with the signal characteristics of a real neutron proportional counter tube, which is convenient for system debugging.

[0020] Furthermore, six groups of particle sources 502 are provided and symmetrically distributed. With the setting of the particle sources 502, the effect is better.

[0021] Furthermore, a telescopic structure is formed by connecting the inner spring 504 of the installation groove 503 to the pressing block 505. With the setting of the spring 504, the pressing block 505 can automatically pop up after being pressed.

[0022] Furthermore, the attenuation mechanism 6 includes a fixed frame 601, a connecting rod 602, a handle 603, a clamping block 604, a rubber pad 605, a spring 606 and a radio frequency attenuator 607. The fixed frame 601 is installed on the outer surface of the cathode tube shell 2. One side surface of the fixed frame 601 is connected through the connecting rod 602. The handle 603 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod 602. One end surface of the connecting rod 602 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 604. The rubber pad 605 is attached to one side surface of the clamping block 604. The radio frequency attenuator 607 is placed on the upper surface of the fixed frame 601. With the setting of the fixed frame 601, the connecting rod 602, the handle 603, the clamping block 604, the rubber pad 605, the spring 606 and the radio frequency attenuator 607, some of the emitted rays can be shielded. First, pull the handle 603, then the handle 603 drives the connecting rod 602 to be pulled, then the connecting rod 602 drives the clamping block 604 to move, and then the radio frequency attenuator 607 can be placed on the fixed frame 601. Then the spring 606 will push the clamping block 604, and then the clamping block 604 can push the rubber pad 605 to fit and clamp the radio frequency attenuator 607. Then the radio frequency attenuator 607 can eliminate and shield the contaminated rays emitted by the cathode tube shell 2.

[0023] Furthermore, the clamping block 604 is connected to the spring 606 and forms a telescopic structure by the pulling of the connecting rod 602. With the setting of the spring 606, the clamping effect is better.

[0024] Working principle: First, attach the particle source 502 to the anode support ceramic ring holder 501. Then, press the pressing block 505. Next, the pressing block 505 squeezes the first spring 504 to compress it. When the pressing block 505 completely enters the installation groove 503, place the support ceramic ring holder 501 at the specified position inside the cathode tube housing 2. Then, the first spring 504 pushes out the pressing block 505, completing the fixation of the anode support ceramic ring holder 501 and the cathode tube housing 2. Next, the particle source 502 has an Am-241 with an activity of 10 kBq. Then, the particle source 502 generates a large number of primary particles, and these particles interact with the working medium inside the counter tube, thus generating a large number of secondary particles. The diameter of the cathode tube housing 2 is 25 mm, and the cathode wall thickness is 1 mm. Such a design can prevent the influence of self-emitted rays such as those generated by Am-241 on the outside world. For the working medium, an appropriate gas is selected as the working medium, such as argon or P10 gas, etc. These gases can generate a large number of electrons after ionization. Then, with a suitable working voltage, it is ensured to effectively collect electrons and accurately output signals. Then, P10 is selected as the working medium, the inflation pressure is 110 kPa, and the working voltage is 1000 V. Encapsulation and testing: Necessary encapsulation and testing are carried out on the counter tube to ensure its stability and reliability, and information such as the single-pulse charge quantity generated due to the gas amplification effect under different working voltages is obtained. We use argon arc welding to encapsulate the counter tube. After encapsulation, the leak rate of the counter tube at room temperature is less than 1E-10 Pa·m3·s-1. When the working voltage is 1000 V, it can stably output pulse signals. We can manufacture a signal source that can simulate the output of a neutron proportional counter tube. This signal source can be used for the debugging of pulse-type radiation instruments and meters such as neutron proportional counter tubes, replacing the use of neutron sources, thus solving the safety and environmental protection problems in the use and processing of radioactive isotopes, as well as the problems of the high supply and price of radioactive isotopes. At the same time, since the particles have been sealed inside the proportional counter tube, it is safe to use. Also, the working gas is stable, has a long half-life, the signal source is basically maintenance-free, and the output at different voltages is stable and basically consistent with the signal characteristics of a real neutron proportional counter tube, facilitating the debugging of the system. Then, pull the pulling handle 603. Next, the handle 603 drives the connecting rod 602 to be pulled. Then, the connecting rod 602 drives the clamping block 604 to move. Then, the radio frequency attenuator 607 can be placed on the fixing frame 601. Next, the second spring 606 will push the clamping block 604, and then the clamping block 604 can push the rubber pad 605 to fit and clamp the radio frequency attenuator 607. Then, the radio frequency attenuator 607 can eliminate and shield the contaminated rays emitted by the cathode tube housing 2.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source, comprising a proportional counter tube top cover (1), a cathode tube shell (2), a counter tube base (3) and an anode wire (4), characterized in that: A cathode tube shell (2) is connected to one side surface of the proportional counter tube top cover (1), a counter tube base (3) is connected to one side surface of the cathode tube shell (2), an anode wire (4) is connected to the inner side surface of the cathode tube shell (2), a particle mechanism (5) is provided on the inner side surface of the cathode tube shell (2), and an attenuation mechanism (6) is provided on the outer side surface of the cathode tube shell (2); The particle mechanism (5) comprises an anode supporting ceramic ring frame (501), a particle source (502), a mounting groove (503), a spring (504), a pressing block (505) and a clamping groove (506); the anode supporting ceramic ring frame (501) is placed on the inner surface of the cathode tube shell (2); the particle source (502) is placed on one side surface of the anode supporting ceramic ring frame (501); the inner surface of the cathode tube shell (2) is provided with a mounting groove (503); the inner surface of the mounting groove (503) is connected to a spring (504); one end surface of the spring (504) is connected to a pressing block (505); and clamping grooves (506) are provided on both side surfaces of the anode supporting ceramic ring frame (501).

2. A proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle sources (502) are arranged in six groups and are symmetrically distributed.

3. A proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner spring 1 (504) of the mounting groove (503) is connected to the pressing block (505) to form a telescopic structure.

4. A proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attenuation mechanism (6) comprises a fixing frame (601), a connecting rod (602), a handle (603), a clamping block (604), a rubber pad (605), a second spring (606) and a radio frequency attenuator (607); the fixing frame (601) is installed on the outer surface of the cathode tube shell (2); a connecting rod (602) is connected through one side surface of the fixing frame (601); the handle (603) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting rod (602); a clamping block (604) is fixedly connected to one end surface of the connecting rod (602); a rubber pad (605) is attached to one side surface of the clamping block (604); and a radio frequency attenuator (607) is placed on the upper surface of the fixing frame (601).

5. A proportional counter tube that can be used as a signal source according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping block (604) is connected to the second spring (606), and forms a telescopic structure through the pulling of the connecting rod (602).

Images