Standard tooth preparation model and tooth preparation training device
By designing a standard dental preparation model including dental preparation layer, intermediate floating layer and base layer, the color difference effect of fluorescent materials is used to solve the problems of strong subjectivity and high cost in the dental preparation process in the stomatologist qualification examination, and fast and accurate dental preparation training and examination evaluation are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422013928.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-19
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has strong subjectivity and different scoring standards in the preparation process of dental physician qualification examinations, and traditional dental examination equipment is expensive and difficult to meet the needs of training and examinations.
A standard dental preparation model is designed, including a dental body, dental preparation layer, intermediate floating layer and base layer. It uses fluorescent materials that can be developed under ultraviolet light to achieve rapid and recessive judgment through the fluorescence color difference of different layers.
Through standardized dental preparation and intermediate floating layer, this model helps candidates quickly understand their own misoperation points, reduce training costs, and can be used for quick and accurate judgment of test results, improving evaluation accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN222995018U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of standard tooth preparation, and particularly relates to a standard tooth preparation model and a tooth preparation training device. Background Art
[0002] The oral physician qualification examination belongs to the industry entry examination, which is used to evaluate whether the applicants for oral physician qualification possess the professional knowledge and skills necessary for engaging in the work of oral physicians. In the practical operation process of the oral physician examination skills, which involves the full crown tooth preparation, the basic requirements include whether the shoulder margin is continuous and consistent, whether the shoulder width has a uniform transition, and whether the occlusal surface drops evenly, etc.; during the standard tooth preparation process by candidates, it is required that all the enamel be ground completely, and there are relatively strict baseline requirements for the grinding depth, and only then is it considered qualified. After the examination, the prepared tooth should be inspected by teachers or machines to determine whether it meets the standard passing line. It can be seen from the above process: Firstly, during the tooth preparation examination, after the candidates complete the tooth preparation, they are either scored by teachers, which is not only highly subjective and the evaluation criteria are inconsistent, or rely on expensive tooth inspection equipment to complete, but obviously, not only is the purchase cost high, but the subsequent software and hardware update and maintenance costs are also a large expense. Secondly, during the tooth preparation training before the examination, since extracted teeth are generally used as training objects for training, and the examination requires that the grinding depth can only be within the standard thickness range, with at most a slight floating error, then how to clearly define this standard thickness and floating error during training becomes a difficult problem; during training, candidates simply do not know exactly where the misoperation points of each grinding are, so they cannot make targeted improvements, thus bringing many troubles to the correct progress of tooth preparation training. The tooth preparation process is inherently an "expertise comes from practice" operation process, and the basis of this "expertise comes from practice" is the correctness of tooth preparation training, which can maximize the promotion of candidates to pass the examination; therefore, how to provide a new type of standard tooth preparation model that can not only ensure that candidates can carry out the normal tooth preparation process, but also ensure that after the candidates complete the tooth preparation, they can quickly understand their own misoperation points in tooth preparation for targeted improvement; and even when necessary, it can directly replace the traditional rating method and apply it to the result evaluation of the full crown tooth preparation examination, so as to improve the evaluation accuracy while reducing the evaluation cost has become a technical problem urgently to be solved in this field in recent years. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provide a standard tooth preparation model with convenient operation, which can achieve the purpose of quickly and implicitly determining the tooth preparation results for the full crown tooth preparation through a unified standard.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0005] A standard tooth preparation model, including a tooth body, is characterized in that: along the tooth preparation direction, an outer tooth body with hardness and thickness matching those of enamel and an inner tooth body with hardness matching that of dentin are arranged in sequence on the tooth body; meanwhile, a tooth preparation layer with a specified thickness is arranged from the surface of the outer tooth body towards the inner tooth body, and an intermediate floating layer with a specified thickness is arranged from the tooth preparation layer towards the inner tooth body. The tooth body area within the intermediate floating layer constitutes a base layer; at least two of the tooth preparation layer, the intermediate floating layer, and the base layer are made of a fluorescent material that can be developed under ultraviolet light, and there is a color difference between the fluorescent colors of different layers.
[0006] Preferably, for metal crown tooth preparation, the thickness of the tooth preparation layer is 1 mm in the occlusal direction, 1 mm in the labial direction, and 0.8 mm - 1 mm in the lingual direction; the thickness of the intermediate floating layer in the occlusal direction is 0.2 mm - 0.5 mm, and the thickness in the other directions is 0.2 mm - 0.3 mm.
[0007] For all-ceramic crown tooth preparation, the thickness of the tooth preparation layer is 1.5 mm - 2 mm in the occlusal direction, 1 mm in the labial direction, and 0.8 mm - 1 mm in the lingual direction; the thickness of the intermediate floating layer in the occlusal direction is 0.2 mm - 0.5 mm, and the thickness in the other directions is 0.2 mm - 0.3 mm.
[0008] For porcelain-fused-to-metal crown tooth preparation, the thickness of the tooth preparation layer is 2 mm in the occlusal direction, 1 mm in the labial direction, and 0.8 mm - 1 mm in the lingual direction; the thickness of the intermediate floating layer in the occlusal direction is 0.2 mm - 0.5 mm, and the thickness in the other directions is 0.2 mm - 0.3 mm.
[0009] Preferably, it further includes a core layer serving as a pulp chamber inside the base layer, and the material of the core layer is a fluorescent material that can be developed under ultraviolet light. At this time, the thickness of the inner tooth body covering the core layer matches the thickness of dentin; there is a color difference between the fluorescent color of the core tooth body and the fluorescent colors of the other layers.
[0010] Preferably, a cavity serving as a pulp chamber is provided inside the base layer. At this time, along the tooth preparation direction, the thickness of the inner tooth body matches the thickness of dentin.
[0011] Preferably, a tooth preparation training device is characterized in that: it includes an operation board, and the operation board is divided into a planar tooth preparation area and a three-dimensional tooth preparation area; the planar tooth preparation area is a three-layer composite board structure, which sequentially includes an upper plate body with thickness and hardness matching those of enamel from top to bottom, a middle plate body with thickness and hardness matching those of dentin, and a lower plate body with thickness matching the depth of the pulp chamber. A closed-loop planar pattern matching the tooth contour in the top view state is arranged on the upper surface of the upper plate body; the above-mentioned standard tooth preparation model is fixed at the three-dimensional tooth preparation area.
[0012] Preferably, the three-dimensional tooth preparation area is located in the middle area of the operation board, and the planar tooth preparation areas are located on both sides of the three-dimensional tooth preparation area or wrap the three-dimensional tooth preparation area.
[0013] Preferably, a card slot that fits the bottom of the tooth body and into which the tooth body can be inserted is recessed on the operation board; screw holes are provided at the bottom of the tooth body, and the fixing screw penetrates the operation board from bottom to top and then thread-fixes the tooth body on the operation board.
[0014] Preferably, the tooth body is integrally formed on the operation board.
[0015] Preferably, there are color differences among the upper plate body, the middle plate body and the lower plate body under visual inspection, or the upper plate body, the middle plate body and the lower plate body are made of three fluorescent materials that can be developed under ultraviolet light and have color differences.
[0016] Preferably, trial grinding patterns are arranged at the edge of the operation board. The trial grinding patterns are U-shaped or angular groove-shaped, and the groove ends of the trial grinding patterns are located on the edge of the operation board.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0018] 1) Through the above solution, the present utility model provides a standard tooth preparation model, which simulates enamel and dentin through at least two layers of structures to form a tooth body; subsequently, on the basis of ensuring the operation simulation degree, relying on the arranged tooth preparation layer and the intermediate floating layer that are related to each other but exist independently of enamel and dentin, the purpose of standard tooth preparation training or even standard tooth preparation examination is realized.
[0019] During actual operation, according to the tooth preparation thickness dimensions of the national standard, the present utility model is designed with a tooth preparation layer and an intermediate floating layer of specified thickness, which cooperate with the base layer to form different fluorescence color differences. During training or examination, since students cannot observe the colors of each layer with the naked eye, normal training and examination effects can be achieved; when the training or examination is completed, because each layer will present different colors under ultraviolet light, teachers or even students themselves can hold an ultraviolet lamp to achieve a quick and unified standard judgment purpose. Especially in tooth preparation training, students can know the location of the misoperation points and what kind of misoperation has been committed by distinguishing the color differences, especially by observing whether there are extra color patches at the intermediate floating layer, which is convenient for improvement next time and the effect is remarkable.
[0020] 2) In actual operation, considering the three possible situations that may be encountered during standard tooth preparation, the tooth preparation layer thickness specified by the standard can meet the actual examination requirements. When setting the thickness dimensions, the intermediate floating layer is distributed in such a way that the occlusal surface has a larger thickness range while the other surfaces have relatively smaller thickness ranges. This is because the occlusal surface area is relatively less sensitive to grinding, but if there are large error fluctuations on the labial and lingual surfaces, it may lead to pulp exposure. Of course, if necessary, a core layer or cavity can be specifically arranged to simulate the pulp cavity; the core layer or cavity can more significantly reflect the phenomenon of pulp exposure, and once it occurs, the tooth preparation is necessarily unqualified.
[0021] 3) Further, the standard tooth preparation model of the present utility model can also be combined with a planar training model, that is, the planar tooth preparation area is combined with the three-dimensional tooth preparation area, enabling students to first tentatively operate and grind the trial pattern. After feeling it is okay, they can then grind the planar pattern and finally perform the crown surface grinding of the standard tooth preparation model, so as to achieve the purpose of linear and systematic training from shallow to deep.
[0022] 4) The standard tooth preparation model can either be integrally formed on the operation board or be installed on the operation board in a split-type and detachable manner. The split-type detachable method allows the operation board to be used multiple times; even if not all the trial grinding patterns and planar patterns are used up at that time, they can be reserved for the next use, effectively reducing the training cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of one embodiment of the standard tooth preparation model;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the tooth preparation training device;
[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of one of the mating relationships between the standard tooth preparation model and the operation board.
[0026] The actual corresponding relationship between each reference numeral and component name of the present utility model is as follows:
[0027] 10 - Tooth body; 11 - Tooth preparation layer; 12 - Intermediate floating layer; 13 - Base layer; 14 - Cavity;
[0028] 20 - Operation board; 21 - Upper plate body; 22 - Middle plate body; 23 - Lower plate body; 24 - Planar pattern; 25 - Trial grinding pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0029] For ease of understanding, in combination with Figures 1 - 3 , the following further describes the specific structure and working mode of the present utility model:
[0030] The implementation structure of the present utility model refers toFigures 2 - 3 As shown, it is composed of a standard tooth preparation model and a matching operation plate 20. They can be integrally constructed or can adopt a detachable structure such as fixing screws 30. When assembling with fixing screws 30, it is preferred to arrange corresponding card slots on the operation plate 20 so that the bottom of the standard tooth preparation model can be snapped in, and then, as Figure 3 shown, the threaded fixing effect is achieved.
[0031] For Figure 1 the standard tooth preparation model in the embodiment shown, it includes a tooth body 10 as the main body. The tooth body 10 is made to imitate human teeth, and the hardness and thickness of the outer layer of the tooth body match the hardness and thickness of dental enamel, and the hardness and thickness of the inner layer of the tooth body match the hardness and thickness of dentin. The innermost layer is a cavity 14 serving as the pulp cavity to ensure the simulation effect and guarantee the training feel. Of course, when the tooth body 10 needs to be assembled by fixing screws, a certain thickness should be left at the bottom of the tooth body 10 to drill threaded holes, which will not be elaborated here.
[0032] In the above structure, the outer layer of the tooth body, the inner layer of the tooth body, and the cavity 14 actually all play the role of simulation or exercising the feel, and will not have any impact on the quick and invisible judgment of the present utility model. What affects the quick and invisible judgment of the present utility model is the design of the tooth preparation layer 11 and the intermediate floating layer 12.
[0033] Specifically referring to Figure 1 shown, starting from the surface layer of the outer layer of the tooth body, that is, dental enamel, after sinking a specified depth, the sunken area forms a tooth preparation layer 11 with a specified thickness. After the surface of the tooth body 10 excluding the tooth preparation layer 11 sinks a certain depth again, the sunken area forms an intermediate floating layer 12 with a specified thickness. During operation, the tooth preparation layer 11 is the tooth preparation thickness in the exam, so there can be a certain design range; while the intermediate floating layer 12 serves as an error value and can also float within a certain numerical range. However, when exceeding this error value, that is, punching through the intermediate floating layer 12 and penetrating into the base layer 13 or even the cavity 14, it is obvious that the tooth preparation standard is exceeded, that is, the tooth preparation is unqualified.
[0034] In view of the above, preferably, the tooth preparation layer 11, the intermediate floating layer 12 and the base layer 13 of the present utility model are displayed in three different fluorescent colors, which are invisible under normal conditions and can show obvious color stratification under ultraviolet light irradiation. In this way, during tooth preparation training, students can, by distinguishing the color differences, especially observe whether there are extra color spots at the intermediate floating layer 12. If the color spot is the color of the tooth preparation layer 11, it naturally means that the grinding is too shallow and the tooth preparation is unqualified; if the color spot is the color of the intermediate floating layer 12, it naturally means that the grinding is too deep and the tooth preparation is unqualified; if the cavity 14 is directly exposed, it means that pulp exposure has occurred, which is also necessarily unqualified. Through the above judgment results, students can easily know the location of the misoperation points, which is convenient for improvement next time. Of course, the present utility model can also be used for verifying the results after the exam. At this time, the teacher can also make a quick and convenient judgment according to the above judgment method, without purchasing expensive identification machines at high prices to judge, which can effectively reduce the exam cost.
[0035] Further, as Figures 2 - 3 shown, the operation board 20 is in the shape of a cube or a cuboid, and of course it can also be in other shapes. Preferably, the middle area on the operation board 20 is a three-dimensional tooth preparation area for installing a standard tooth preparation model, and a planar tooth preparation area is arranged outside the three-dimensional tooth preparation area. At the same time, the planar tooth preparation area is a three-layer composite board structure, which sequentially includes an upper board body 21 with a thickness and hardness matching the hardness and thickness of tooth enamel, a middle board body 22 with a thickness and hardness matching the hardness and thickness of dentin, and a lower board body 23 with a thickness matching the depth of the pulp cavity. A closed-loop planar pattern 24 matching the tooth contour in the top view state is arranged on the upper surface of the upper board body 21. For details, refer to Figure 2 shown.
[0036] During design, since the planar tooth preparation area is mostly used by beginners for practice or normal warm-up, the color differences among the upper board body 21, the middle board body 22 and the lower board body 23 can be distinguished by visual inspection, and of course they can also be made of fluorescent materials that can be distinguished under ultraviolet light as part of the assessment. When using fluorescent materials, the color differences of the three board bodies should be clearly distinguishable. If necessary, as Figure 2 shown, a trial grinding pattern 25 can also be arranged at the edge of the operation board 20. The trial grinding pattern 25 is in the shape of a U or a corner groove, and a groove structure is formed after grinding.
[0037] During actual operation, a new standard tooth preparation model is selected and installed on the operation board 20. Subsequently, students can first tentatively grind the trial grinding pattern 25 in the planar tooth preparation area. After feeling okay, then grind the planar pattern 24 in the planar tooth preparation area, and finally grind the standard tooth preparation model in the three-dimensional tooth preparation area, so as to achieve the purpose of linear training from shallow to deep and realize the systematic training effect. The entire process has a strong degree of linearity, and the training effect is particularly remarkable.
[0038] Of course, for those skilled in the art, the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, but also includes the same or similar ways that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description.
[0039] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
[0040] The technical parts not detailedly described in the present utility model are all well-known technologies.
Claims
1. A standard tooth preparation model, comprising a tooth body (10), characterized in that: The tooth body (10) is sequentially arranged along the tooth preparation direction with an outer tooth body having a hardness and thickness matching the hardness and thickness of tooth enamel, and an inner tooth body having a hardness matching the hardness of dentin; at the same time, a tooth preparation layer (11) of a specified thickness is arranged from the surface of the outer tooth body toward the inner tooth body, and an intermediate floating layer (12) of a specified thickness is arranged from the tooth preparation layer (11) toward the inner tooth body, and the area of the tooth body (10) within the intermediate floating layer (12) constitutes a base layer (13); at least two of the materials used for the tooth preparation layer (11), the intermediate floating layer (12) and the base layer (13) are fluorescent materials that can be developed under ultraviolet light, and there is a color difference between the fluorescent colors of different layers.
2. A standard tooth preparation model according to claim 1, characterized in that: For metal crown preparation, the thickness of the preparation layer (11) is 1mm in the occlusal direction, 1mm in the labial direction, and 0.8mm to 1mm in the lingual direction; the thickness of the intermediate floating layer (12) in the occlusal direction is 0.2mm to 0.5mm, and the thickness in other directions is 0.2mm to 0.3mm; For all-ceramic crown preparation, the thickness of the preparation layer (11) is 1.5mm-2mm in the occlusal direction, 1mm in the labial direction, and 0.8mm-1mm in the lingual direction; the thickness of the intermediate floating layer (12) in the occlusal direction is 0.2mm-0.5mm, and the thickness in other directions is 0.2mm-0.3mm; For the preparation of porcelain crowns, the thickness of the preparation layer (11) is 2 mm in the occlusal direction, 1 mm in the labial direction, and 0.8 mm to 1 mm in the lingual direction; the thickness of the middle floating layer (12) in the occlusal direction is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, and the thickness in other directions is 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.
3. A standard tooth preparation model according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a core layer located inside the base layer (13) as the pulp cavity, and the material used for the core layer is a fluorescent material that can be developed under ultraviolet light. At this time, the thickness of the inner layer of tooth body covered outside the core layer is consistent with the thickness of dentin; there is a color difference between the fluorescent color of the core tooth body and the fluorescent color of the remaining layers.
4. A standard tooth preparation model according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A cavity (14) serving as a dental pulp cavity is provided inside the base layer (13). At this time, along the tooth preparation direction, the thickness of the inner tooth body matches the thickness of the dentin.
5. A tooth preparation training device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an operation panel (20), which is divided into a plane tooth preparation area and a three-dimensional tooth preparation area; the plane tooth preparation area is a three-layer composite plate structure, which comprises, from top to bottom, an upper plate body (21) whose thickness and hardness match the hardness and thickness of tooth enamel, a middle plate body (22) whose thickness and hardness match the hardness and thickness of dentin, and a lower plate body (23) whose thickness matches the depth of the pulp cavity; a closed-loop plane pattern (24) matching the tooth contour in a top view is arranged on the upper plate surface of the upper plate body (21); a standard tooth preparation model as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is fixed to the three-dimensional tooth preparation area.
6. The tooth preparation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three-dimensional tooth preparation area is located in the middle area of the operation panel (20), and the planar tooth preparation area is located on both sides of the three-dimensional tooth preparation area or covers the three-dimensional tooth preparation area.
7. The tooth preparation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The operating plate (20) is provided with a recessed slot which matches the bottom of the tooth body (10) and can be inserted into the tooth body (10); a screw hole is provided at the bottom of the tooth body (10); a fixing screw penetrates the operating plate (20) from bottom to top and then the tooth body (10) is threadedly fastened to the operating plate (20).
8. The tooth preparation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tooth body (10) is integrally formed on the operating panel (20).
9. The tooth preparation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper plate body (21), the middle plate body (22) and the lower plate body (23) have color difference when viewed visually, or the upper plate body (21), the middle plate body (22) and the lower plate body (23) are respectively made of three fluorescent materials that can be developed under ultraviolet light and have color difference.
10. The tooth preparation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A test grinding pattern (25) is arranged at the edge of the operating panel (20). The test grinding pattern (25) is in a U-shape or an angular groove shape. The groove end of the test grinding pattern (25) is located on the edge of the operating panel (20).