Battery cooling system, battery thermal management system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery cooling, and particularly relates to a battery cooling system, a battery thermal management system and a vehicle. The battery cooling system comprises a cold source unit, a battery box, an evaporation core, a spraying assembly, a liquid storage bin and a condensation module, cooling liquid is stored in the liquid storage bin, and the cold source unit is used for cooling the cooling liquid in the liquid storage bin; the interior of the battery box comprises a phase change space and a steam space located above the phase change space, the phase change space is suitable for arranging a battery cell, the evaporation core is suitable for being attached to the side face of the battery cell in the thickness direction, and an air channel surrounding the evaporation core is formed in the phase change space; the spraying assembly is used for spraying the cooling liquid to the evaporation core; a first porous capillary structure is arranged in the evaporation core and used for conveying the cooling liquid on the evaporation core to the side face, attached to the evaporation core, of the battery cell so as to form a cooling liquid film on the side face of the battery cell, the cooling liquid film can be evaporated to form steam, the steam flows into the steam space through the air channel, and the condensation module is used for condensing the steam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery cooling, and particularly relates to a battery cooling system, a battery thermal management system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The battery thermal management system in the related art includes a battery cooling system and a heating system. The battery cooling system includes a cold source unit, a circulation pump and a battery box. An insulating refrigerant is stored in the battery box, and the battery cells are completely immersed in the insulating refrigerant to directly contact the insulating refrigerant. The cold source unit uses a compression refrigeration main circuit and a heat exchanger cooling bypass to be coupled with each other to form a plurality of parallel cooling channels. The circulation pump drives the cold quantity in the cooling channels to exchange heat with the insulating refrigerant in the battery box, and the heat-exchanged insulating refrigerant cools the battery cells again.

[0003] However, in the above battery thermal management system, the insulating refrigerant needs to fill the battery box to completely immerse the battery cells, resulting in a large demand for insulating cooling, and further resulting in a relatively heavy overall weight of the battery and an increase in the weight of the whole vehicle, which is not conducive to the lightweight of the vehicle and increases the driving energy consumption burden. Moreover, in the above battery cooling system, the heat dissipation method of the battery cells is unidirectional convective cooling, and only the sensible heat of the insulating refrigerant is used to cool the battery cells. However, the sensible heat exchange capacity of the fluid itself is relatively low, resulting in poor heat dissipation efficiency and temperature uniformity of the battery cells. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: aiming at the problem that the existing battery cooling system only uses the sensible heat of the insulating refrigerant to cool the battery cells, resulting in poor heat dissipation efficiency and temperature uniformity of the battery cells, a battery cooling system, a battery thermal management system and a vehicle are provided.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, on the one hand, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery cooling system, including a cold source unit, a battery box, an evaporation core, a spraying assembly, a liquid storage bin and a condensation module. A coolant is stored in the liquid storage bin, and the cold source unit is used to cool the coolant in the liquid storage bin; the interior of the battery box includes a phase change space and a steam space located above the phase change space. The phase change space is suitable for arranging battery cells, the evaporation core is suitable for attaching to the side surface in the thickness direction of the battery cells, and an air duct surrounding the evaporation core is arranged in the phase change space.

[0006] The spraying assembly is used to spray the coolant in the liquid storage bin onto the evaporation core.

[0007] A first porous capillary structure is provided inside the evaporation core. The first porous capillary structure is configured to transport the coolant on the evaporation core to the side surface of the battery cell that is attached to the evaporation core, so as to form a coolant film on this side surface of the battery cell. The coolant film can evaporate to form steam, and the steam flows into the steam space through the air duct, and the condensation module is used to condense the steam.

[0008] Optionally, a vacuum pumping assembly is further included. A vacuum pumping port is provided on the battery box, and the vacuum pumping assembly evacuates the inside of the battery box through the vacuum pumping port.

[0009] Optionally, a support grid is further included. The support grid is disposed in the phase change space and is adapted to press the evaporation core against the side surface of the battery cell. A plurality of mesh holes are provided on the support grid, and the plurality of mesh holes communicate with each other to form the air duct.

[0010] Optionally, a liquid equalizing core is further included. The liquid equalizing core is laid on the top surface of the evaporation core. The liquid equalizing core is provided with a second porous capillary structure, and the second porous capillary structure is configured to spread the coolant sprayed on the top surface of the liquid equalizing core by the spraying assembly over the liquid equalizing core.

[0011] Optionally, the liquid equalizing core is adapted to be laid on the top sides of the evaporation core, the battery cell, and the air duct. Vent holes communicating the air duct and the steam space are provided on the liquid equalizing core.

[0012] Optionally, a cooling tank space is further included inside the battery box. The cooling tank space is located below the phase change space. A liquid leakage hole is provided at the bottom of the phase change space in the battery box, and the coolant in the phase change space flows into the cooling tank space through the liquid leakage hole.

[0013] Optionally, the cooling tank space is used to store the coolant, and the cooling tank space constitutes the liquid storage bin.

[0014] Optionally, the battery box includes a box body and a porous bottom plate. The porous bottom plate is fixed inside the box body and is spaced from the bottom wall of the box body. The space between the porous bottom plate and the bottom wall of the box body forms the cooling tank space. The battery cell is fixed on the porous bottom plate, and the liquid leakage hole is provided on the porous bottom plate.

[0015] Optionally, a liquid storage tank is further included. The liquid storage bin is provided inside the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage bin is communicated with the cooling tank space through a pipeline.

[0016] Optionally, the spraying assembly includes a liquid suction pump, a main spraying pipe, and a nozzle. The liquid suction port of the liquid suction pump communicates with the liquid storage bin. One end of the main spraying pipe is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid suction pump, and the other end extends to the phase change space. The nozzle is connected to the other end of the main spraying pipe for spraying the coolant onto the top surface of the evaporation core.

[0017] Optionally, the interior of the battery box further includes a cooling tank space located below the phase change space. The cooling tank space forms the liquid storage bin, and the liquid suction pump is disposed in the cooling tank space.

[0018] The spraying assembly further includes a multi-way pipe and a plurality of switch control valves. The multi-way pipe includes a connection pipe orifice and a plurality of liquid suction pipe orifices. The connection pipe orifice is connected to the liquid suction port of the liquid suction pump. The plurality of liquid suction pipe orifices are spaced apart in the cooling tank space, and each liquid suction pipe orifice is connected to a switch control valve. The liquid suction pump sucks the coolant through the corresponding liquid suction pipe orifice when the switch control valve is opened.

[0019] Optionally, the spraying assembly further includes a plurality of spraying branch pipes spaced apart along the length direction of the battery cell. The spraying branch pipes extend along the thickness direction of the battery cell. The spraying branch pipes are connected to the other end of the main spraying pipe, and each spraying branch pipe is connected with a nozzle.

[0020] Optionally, there are a plurality of nozzles. Each spraying branch pipe is connected with a plurality of nozzles. The phase change space is adapted to arrange a plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of nozzles on each spraying branch pipe are adapted to be arranged on the top surface of the corresponding battery cell.

[0021] Optionally, the condensation module includes a first air-conditioning circuit and a first heat exchanger. The inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the first air-conditioning circuit, and the inlet of the first air-conditioning circuit is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger.

[0022] The first heat exchanger is arranged in the steam space to condense the steam in the steam space; or, the battery cooling system further includes a condensation box, the interior of which communicates with the steam space, and the first heat exchanger is installed in the condensation box to enable the steam in the steam space to flow into the condensation box for condensation.

[0023] Optionally, the condensation module further includes a fan installed in the condensation box.

[0024] Optionally, the cold source unit includes a second air-conditioning circuit and a second heat exchanger. The inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the second air-conditioning circuit, and the inlet of the second air-conditioning circuit is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid storage bin.

[0025] Optionally, the cold source unit further includes a first expansion tank and a first liquid supply pump. The second heat exchanger includes a water-cooled heat exchanger and a liquid-cooled heat exchanger. The liquid-cooled heat exchanger is provided with a water-side inlet, a water-side outlet, a refrigerant inlet, and a refrigerant outlet. The refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are connected to the second air-conditioning circuit through pipelines. The inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the water-side outlet through a pipeline. The outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is sequentially connected to the first expansion tank, the first liquid supply pump, and the water-side inlet through pipelines. The water-cooled heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid storage bin.

[0026] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery thermal management system, including a battery heating system and the above-mentioned battery cooling system.

[0027] Optionally, the battery heating system includes a second air-conditioning circuit and a second heat exchanger. The inlet and the outlet of the second heat exchanger are connected to the second air-conditioning circuit through pipelines. The second heat exchanger is used to heat the coolant in the liquid storage bin to form steam. The liquid storage bin is communicated with the phase change space.

[0028] Optionally, the second heat exchanger includes a serpentine tube heat exchanger. The serpentine tube heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid storage bin. Heat exchange fins are arranged on the outer surface of the serpentine tube heat exchanger.

[0029] Optionally, the battery heating system includes a motor and electronic control water jacket, a second expansion tank, a second liquid supply pump, a first control valve, a second control valve, and a third control valve. The outlet of the motor and electronic control water jacket is sequentially connected to the second expansion tank, the second liquid supply pump, the first control valve, the third control valve, and the inlet of the second heat exchanger. The second control valve is connected between the inlet of the motor and electronic control water jacket and the outlet of the second heat exchanger to form a motor and electronic control waste heat utilization circuit for heating the coolant in the liquid storage bin.

[0030] Optionally, the battery heating system further includes an electric heater. The electric heater is suitable for being electrically connected to the vehicle battery. The electric heater is arranged in the liquid storage bin and is used to heat the coolant in the liquid storage bin.

[0031] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned battery cooling system or the above-mentioned battery thermal management system.

[0032] In the battery cooling system of the present utility model, the cold source unit cools the coolant in the liquid storage bin, and the spraying assembly sprays the coolant in the liquid storage bin onto the evaporation core. Due to the capillary action of the first porous capillary structure, the coolant on the evaporation core can cover the side surface of the battery cell attached to the evaporation core under the action of the first porous capillary structure and gravity, thereby forming a coolant film with a relatively uniform thickness. The coolant film can evaporate and undergo a phase change, absorbing the heat on the surface of the battery cell to achieve heat dissipation of the battery cell. By using the evaporation and phase change of the coolant film on the side surface of the battery cell to absorb heat and cool the battery cell, and the phase change heat transfer capacity of the coolant is much higher than the sensible heat transfer capacity, therefore, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cooling system of the present utility model is relatively high. Since the coolant film covers the side surface of the battery cell, all parts of the side surface of the battery cell can be cooled through the evaporation and phase change of the coolant film, resulting in better temperature uniformity on the surface of the battery cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a battery thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of a single battery cell in

[0035] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a side view of

[0036] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a distribution diagram of the space inside the battery box in

[0037] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the first heat exchanger in

[0038] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a battery thermal management system provided by another embodiment of the present utility model.

[0039] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0040] 1. Battery box; 2. Support grid; 3. Evaporation core; 4. Liquid equalizing core; 5. Porous bottom plate; 6. Steam space; 7. Cooling tank space; 8. Phase change space; 9. Liquid injection machine; 10. Stop valve; 11. Liquid suction pump; 12. Spray head; 13. First heat exchanger; 14. Battery cell; 15. Vent hole; 16. Leakage hole; 17. Vacuum pump; 18. Second control valve; 19. Motor and electronic control water jacket; 20. Second expansion tank; 21. Second liquid supply pump; 22. First control valve; 23. Fourth control valve; 24. Air-cooled radiator; 25. Second heat exchanger; 26. Third control valve; 27. Second solenoid valve; 28. Second air-conditioning circuit; 29. Cold source unit; 30. Liquid-cooled heat exchanger; 31. First liquid supply pump; 32. First expansion tank; 33. Fifth control valve; 34. First solenoid valve; 35. First air-conditioning circuit; 36. Switch control valve; 37. Electric heater; 38. Insulating seal cap; 39. Lead wire; 40. Tab; 41. Liquid storage tank; 42. Fan; 43. Liquid collection pump; 44. Steam pipe; 45. Condensation box. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0042] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a battery thermal management system, including a battery cooling system and a battery heating system. The battery cooling system is used to cool the battery, and the battery heating system is used to heat the battery.

[0043] The battery cooling system includes a cold source unit 29, a battery box 1, an evaporation core 3, a spray assembly, a liquid storage chamber and a condensation module. The liquid storage chamber stores a coolant, and the cold source unit 29 is used to cool the coolant in the liquid storage chamber.

[0044] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the interior of the battery box 1 includes a phase change space 8 and a steam space 6 located above the phase change space 8. The phase change space 8 is suitable for arranging battery cells 14, and the evaporation core 3 is suitable for attaching to the side surface in the thickness direction of the battery cells 14. An air passage surrounding the evaporation core 3 is provided in the phase change space 8.

[0045] The spray assembly is used to spray the coolant in the liquid storage chamber onto the evaporation core 3.

[0046] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a first porous capillary structure is provided in the evaporation core 3. The first porous capillary structure is used to transport the coolant on the evaporation core 3 to the side surface of the battery cell 14 attached to the evaporation core 3, so as to form a coolant film on this side surface of the battery cell 14. The coolant film can evaporate to form steam, and the steam flows into the steam space 6 through the air duct. The condensation module is used to condense the steam in the steam space 6.

[0047] Specifically, the cold source unit 29 cools the coolant in the liquid storage tank, and the spraying assembly sprays the coolant in the liquid storage tank onto the evaporation core 3. Due to the capillary action of the first porous capillary structure, the coolant on the evaporation core 3 can cover the side surface of the battery cell 14 attached to the evaporation core 3 under the action of the first porous capillary structure and gravity, thereby forming a coolant film with a relatively uniform thickness. When the temperature on the surface of the battery cell 14 is greater than the preset temperature, the coolant film evaporates and undergoes a phase change, absorbing the heat on the surface of the battery cell 14 to achieve heat dissipation of the battery cell 14. The steam formed by the phase change evaporation of the coolant flows through the air duct surrounding the battery cell 14 to the steam space 6, and the condensation module condenses the steam in the steam space 6, enabling the first porous capillary structure to continuously transport the coolant to the side surface of the battery cell 14 to form a new coolant film.

[0048] The thickness of the coolant film is relatively thin, and it is easy to absorb sufficient heat and evaporate and undergo a phase change. Moreover, the outer periphery of the evaporation core 3 is surrounded by an air duct, and the steam formed by evaporation can flow from the evaporation core 3 into the air duct, enabling the new coolant to flow to the side surface of the battery cell 14 to form a new coolant film.

[0049] Compared with the prior art immersion battery cooling system that uses the sensible heat of the coolant to absorb the heat of the battery cell 14, the battery cooling system of the present invention uses the evaporation phase change of the coolant film on the side surface of the battery cell 14 to absorb heat and cool the battery cell 14. The phase change heat transfer capacity of the coolant is much higher than the sensible heat transfer capacity. Therefore, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cooling system of the present invention is relatively high. Since the coolant film covers the side surface of the battery cell 14, all parts of the side surface of the battery cell 14 can be cooled through the evaporation phase change of the coolant film, resulting in better temperature uniformity on the surface of the battery cell 14.

[0050] Moreover, in the battery cooling system of the present invention, the coolant is sprayed on the evaporation core 3, requiring less coolant volume, which can reduce the coolant cost. At the same time, it can greatly reduce the weight of the battery, and further reduce the weight of the whole vehicle, which is beneficial to the lightweight of the whole vehicle.

[0051] In the battery thermal management system of the present utility model, the cold source unit 29 cools the coolant in the liquid storage bin, and the spraying assembly sprays the coolant in the liquid storage bin onto the evaporation core 3 in the phase change space 8. Due to the capillary action of the first porous capillary structure, the first porous capillary structure transports the coolant on the evaporation core 3 to the side surface of the battery cell 14 attached to the evaporation core 3, so that a relatively uniform coolant film covers the side surface of the battery cell 14. The thickness of the coolant film is relatively thin, and it is easy to absorb sufficient heat from the surface of the battery cell 14 and evaporate and phase change, realizing the heat dissipation of the battery cell 14. The steam formed by evaporation flows through the air duct surrounding the evaporation core 3 to the steam space 6 above the phase change space 8, and the condensation module condenses the steam, so that the coolant in the evaporation core 3 can form a new coolant film on the side surface of the battery cell 14. In the battery cooling system of the present utility model, the evaporation and phase change of the coolant film on the side surface of the battery cell 14 is used to absorb heat and cool the battery cell 14, and the phase change heat transfer capacity of the coolant is much higher than the sensible heat transfer capacity. Therefore, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cooling system of the present utility model is relatively high. Since the coolant film covers the side surface of the battery cell 14, all parts of the side surface of the battery cell 14 can be cooled by the evaporation and phase change of the coolant film, so that the temperature uniformity on the surface of the battery cell 14 is better.

[0052] In one embodiment, the evaporation core 3 is made of a porous material with good thermal conductivity such as a metal screen or metal foam.

[0053] In one embodiment, a temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the battery cell 14 for monitoring the temperature of the surface of the battery cell 14.

[0054] In one embodiment, a vacuum pumping assembly is further included. A vacuum pumping port is arranged on the battery box 1, and the vacuum pumping assembly can evacuate the inside of the battery box 1 through the vacuum pumping port.

[0055] Since the commonly used insulating coolant is a fluorinated liquid, the phase change temperature of the fluorinated liquid under standard atmospheric pressure is 56°C, and the optimal operating temperature of the battery cell 14 is 25°C to 35°C. The optimal operating temperature range of the battery cell 14 is lower than the phase change temperature of the coolant under standard atmospheric pressure. According to common knowledge, the lower the air pressure, the lower the phase change temperature of the fluid. Therefore, the phase change temperature of the coolant can be made to match the optimal operating temperature range of the battery cell 14 by reducing the air pressure inside the battery box 1, so as to cool the battery cell 14 by the evaporation and phase change of the coolant film while maintaining the optimal operating temperature of the battery cell 14.

[0056] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the vacuum pumping assembly includes a vacuum pump 17, a stop valve 10 and a pressure sensor. The vacuum pump 17, the stop valve 10 and the vacuum pumping port are connected in sequence. The vacuum pump 17 is used to evacuate the inside of the battery box 1 before filling the coolant into the battery box 1, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure inside the battery box 1.

[0057] After the installation of the battery cooling system is completed, it is first necessary to check the airtightness of the battery box 1. Close all the valves on the battery box 1, open the stop valve 10 and the vacuum pump 17. The vacuum pump 17 evacuates the space inside the battery box 1 to below 1 Pa. Then close the stop valve 10 and observe the pressure sensor for a certain period of time. If the value of the pressure sensor does not increase with time, then proceed to fill the battery box 1 with coolant.

[0058] In one embodiment, it further includes a liquid injection module. The liquid injection module includes a liquid injector 9 and a liquid level gauge. The liquid level gauge is used to monitor the liquid level in the liquid storage bin. The liquid injector 9 slowly injects liquid into the liquid storage bin according to a preset liquid injection volume. When the reading of the liquid level gauge in the liquid storage bin reaches the set value, the liquid injector 9 is closed.

[0059] In one embodiment, it further includes a support grid 2. The support grid 2 is arranged in the phase change space 8 and is adapted to press the evaporation core 3 against the side of the battery cell 14. The support grid 2 is provided with a plurality of mesh holes, and the plurality of mesh holes communicate with each other to form an air duct. While forming the air duct, the support grid 2 strengthens the contact between the evaporation core 3 and the side of the battery cell 14, so that there is a small gap between the evaporation core 3 and the side of the battery cell 14, which is beneficial to the formation of a coolant film on the side of the battery cell 14.

[0060] In one embodiment, the support grid 2 is a planar multi-layer square-hole grid structure.

[0061] In one embodiment, it further includes a liquid equalizing core 4. The liquid equalizing core 4 is laid on the top surface of the evaporation core 3. The liquid equalizing core 4 is provided with a second porous capillary structure, and the second porous capillary structure is used to spread the coolant sprayed on the top surface of the liquid equalizing core 4 by the spraying assembly over the entire liquid equalizing core 4.

[0062] Specifically, the spraying assembly sprays coolant onto the liquid equalizing core 4 laid on the top surface of the evaporation core 3. Under the action of the second porous capillary structure, the coolant sprayed on the top surface of the liquid equalizing core 4 spreads over the entire liquid equalizing core 4. Then, the coolant can flow uniformly to the top surface of the evaporation core 3, making the coolant on the evaporation core 3 more uniform.

[0063] In one embodiment, the liquid equalizing core 4 can be a flexible porous material such as a fine multi-layer screen, metal foam or fiber felt.

[0064] In one embodiment, the liquid equalizing core 4 is adapted to be laid on the top side of the evaporation core 3, the battery cell 14 and the air duct. The liquid equalizing core 4 is provided with air permeable holes 15 communicating the air duct and the steam space 6, so that the steam in the air duct can enter the steam space 6 through the air permeable holes 15. Thus, the liquid equalizing core 4 can be designed as a large-size structure laid on multiple battery cells 14 at the same time, improving the paving efficiency.

[0065] In one embodiment, the planar size of the liquid equalizing core 4 is the same as the cross-sectional size of the battery box 1, so that the liquid equalizing core 4 covers the entire horizontal plane of the phase change space 8.

[0066] In one embodiment, the interior of the battery box 1 further includes a cooling tank space 7, the cooling tank space 7 is located below the phase change space 8, a liquid leakage hole 16 is provided at the bottom of the phase change space 8 in the battery box 1, and the coolant in the phase change space 8 flows into the cooling tank space 7 through the liquid leakage hole 16.

[0067] A part of the coolant in the phase change space 8 forms a coolant film to evaporate and undergo a phase change to transfer the heat of the battery cell 14, and the other part still exists in a liquid state. Compared with this part of the coolant flowing out from the side of the phase change space 8, with such a design, the coolant in the phase change space 8 can quickly flow downward into the cooling tank space 7 under the action of gravity, and the outflow speed of the coolant from the phase change space 8 is relatively fast, avoiding the deposition of the coolant in the phase change space 8.

[0068] In one embodiment, the cooling tank space 7 is used to store the coolant, and the cooling tank space 7 constitutes a liquid storage bin, enabling the integration of processes such as evaporation, cooling, and liquid circulation within the battery box 1. The integration degree of the battery cooling system is relatively high, which is beneficial to reducing the system complexity and controlling the volume of the battery pack.

[0069] In one embodiment, the battery box 1 includes a box main body and a porous bottom plate 5. The porous bottom plate 5 is fixed within the box main body and is spaced from the bottom wall of the box main body. The space between the porous bottom plate 5 and the bottom wall of the box main body forms the cooling tank space 7. The battery cell 14 is fixed on the porous bottom plate 5, and the liquid leakage hole 16 is provided on the porous bottom plate 5.

[0070] In one embodiment, the spraying assembly includes a liquid suction pump 11, a spraying main pipe, and a spray head 12. The liquid suction port of the liquid suction pump 11 is connected to the liquid storage bin, one end of the spraying main pipe is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid suction pump 11, and the other end extends to the phase change space 8. The spray head 12 is connected to the other end of the spraying main pipe and is used to spray the coolant onto the top surface of the evaporation core 3.

[0071] In one embodiment, the cooling tank space 7 constitutes a liquid storage bin, and the liquid suction pump 11 is arranged in the cooling tank space 7. The spraying assembly further includes a multi-way pipe and a plurality of switch control valves 36. The multi-way pipe includes a connection pipe orifice and a plurality of liquid suction pipe orifices. The connection pipe orifice is connected to the liquid suction port of the liquid suction pump 11, and the plurality of liquid suction pipe orifices are spaced apart within the cooling tank space 7. A switch control valve 36 is connected to each liquid suction pipe orifice, and the liquid suction pump 11 sucks the coolant through the corresponding liquid suction pipe orifice when the switch control valve 36 is opened.

[0072] It should be noted that liquid level gauges are installed at positions corresponding to each liquid suction pipe orifice in the cooling tank space 7. Each liquid level gauge is used to monitor the liquid level near each liquid suction pipe orifice, and the liquid level gauge is connected to the corresponding switch control valve 36 and can control the opening and closing of the switch control valve 36.

[0073] When the vehicle is going uphill or downhill, the battery box 1 tilts, and the liquid levels at various positions in the cooling tank space 7 are different. When the liquid level gauge near the liquid suction pipe orifice at a certain position monitors that the liquid level is lower than the preset liquid level, the liquid level gauge can control the closing of the switch control valve 36 connected to the corresponding liquid suction pipe orifice, avoiding the situation where the liquid suction pump 11 sucks air when the liquid level at the liquid suction pipe orifice is too low, and realizing the pure liquid supply of the liquid suction pump 11.

[0074] In one embodiment, a three-way valve is further included. The three-way valve is connected to the vacuum pump 17, the stop valve 10, and the liquid injection machine 9. When vacuum pumping is required, the three-way valve connects the vacuum pump 17 and the stop valve 10. When coolant needs to be filled into the battery box 1, the three-way valve connects the stop valve 10 and the liquid injection machine 9. After vacuum pumping and liquid injection are completed, the vacuum pumping assembly and the liquid injection module are removed.

[0075] In one embodiment, the multi-pass pipe is a three-way pipe, including a connection pipe orifice and two liquid suction pipe orifices. Two liquid level gauges are arranged in the cooling tank space 7, and the two liquid suction pipe orifices are arranged at the diagonals of the battery box 1.

[0076] In one embodiment, the spraying assembly further includes a plurality of spraying branch pipes spaced along the length direction of the battery cell 14. The spraying branch pipes extend along the thickness direction of the battery cell 14. The other end of the spraying branch pipes is connected to the spraying main pipe. Each spraying branch pipe is connected with a nozzle 12, so as to increase the spraying positions in the spraying assembly for spraying the evaporation core 3 attached to the side surface in the thickness direction of the battery cell 14, which is beneficial to having coolant sprayed on all parts of the top surface of the evaporation core 3.

[0077] In one embodiment, a plurality of nozzles 12 are provided. Each spraying branch pipe is connected with a plurality of nozzles 12. The phase change space 8 is suitable for arranging a plurality of battery cells 14. The plurality of nozzles 12 on each spraying branch pipe are suitable for being arranged on the top surface of the corresponding battery cell 14.

[0078] In one embodiment, three spraying branch pipes are provided, and the three spraying branch pipes are spaced along the length direction of the battery cell 14.

[0079] In one embodiment, seven battery cells 14 are arranged in the phase change space 8. The seven battery cells 14 are arranged side by side along their thickness directions. Evaporation cores 3 are attached to both side surfaces in the thickness direction of the battery cells 14. A support grid 2 is arranged between adjacent battery cells 14, and the support grid 2 presses the corresponding evaporation core 3 against the side surface in the thickness direction of the battery cell 14.

[0080] Each spraying branch pipe is connected with seven nozzles 12. The seven nozzles 12 correspond to the seven battery cells 14 one by one, and each nozzle 12 is located directly above the battery cell 14.

[0081] In one embodiment, at the tab 40 of the battery cell 14, an insulating sealing cap 38 is used to isolate it from the coolant. The top of the insulating sealing cap 38 is provided with an interface for the lead wire 39 to realize the electrical connection between the battery cells 14.

[0082] In one embodiment, the condensation module includes a first air-conditioning circuit 35 and a first heat exchanger 13. The inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 is connected to the outlet of the first air-conditioning circuit 35, and the inlet of the first air-conditioning circuit 35 is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger 13. The first heat exchanger 13 is arranged in the steam space 6.

[0083] Specifically, when the surface temperature of the battery cell 14 reaches a preset temperature, the first air-conditioning circuit 35 turns on the direct cooling mode. The first heat exchanger 13 carrying cold energy exchanges heat with the steam in the steam space 6, so that the steam condenses and releases heat. The condensed coolant liquid falls into the phase change space 8 under the action of gravity, enabling the coolant to complete the evaporation / condensation phase change in the battery box 1, and improving the integration of the battery cooling system.

[0084] In one embodiment, a first solenoid valve 34 is connected between the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 and the outlet of the first air-conditioning circuit 35. The first solenoid valve 34 can adjust the condensation efficiency of the first heat exchanger 13 for the steam in the steam space 6.

[0085] In one embodiment, the first heat exchanger 13 is a serpentine tube heat exchanger.

[0086] In one embodiment, the cold source unit 29 includes a second air-conditioning circuit 28 and a second heat exchanger 25. The inlet of the second heat exchanger 25 is connected to the outlet of the second air-conditioning circuit 28, and the inlet of the second air-conditioning circuit 28 is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger 25. The second heat exchanger 25 is immersed in the liquid storage bin.

[0087] Specifically, the second air-conditioning circuit 28 has a direct cooling mode. When the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage bin is too high, the second air conditioner turns on the direct cooling mode. The second air-conditioning circuit 28 exchanges heat with the coolant in the liquid storage bin through the second heat exchanger 25, and the coolant in the liquid storage bin is cooled to the required temperature range, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the coolant sprayed onto the evaporation core 3 is slightly lower than the optimal saturation evaporation temperature, which is the optimal temperature when the coolant film generates evaporation phase change.

[0088] In one embodiment, a second solenoid valve 27 is connected between the inlet of the second heat exchanger 25 and the outlet of the second air-conditioning circuit 28. The solenoid valve is used to adjust the cooling efficiency of the second heat exchanger 25 for cooling the coolant in the liquid storage bin.

[0089] In one embodiment, the cold source unit 29 further includes a first expansion tank 32 and a first liquid supply pump 31. The second heat exchanger 25 includes a water-cooled heat exchanger and a liquid-cooled heat exchanger 30. The liquid-cooled heat exchanger 30 is provided with a water-side inlet, a water-side outlet, a refrigerant inlet, and a refrigerant outlet. The refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are connected to the second air-conditioning circuit 28 through pipelines. The inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the water-side outlet through a pipeline. The outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is sequentially connected to the first expansion tank 32, the first liquid supply pump 31, and the water-side inlet through pipelines. The water-cooled heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid storage bin.

[0090] In one embodiment, a fifth control valve 33 is connected between the outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger and the first expansion tank 32, and the fifth control valve 33 controls the on-off between the outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger and the first expansion tank 32.

[0091] In one embodiment, the second air-conditioning circuit 28 and the second heat exchanger 25 also constitute the heat source of the battery heating system. The inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 are connected to the second air-conditioning circuit 28 through pipelines. The second heat exchanger 25 is used to heat the coolant in the liquid storage bin to form steam, and the liquid storage bin is connected to the phase change space 8.

[0092] Specifically, the second air-conditioning circuit 28 has a direct heating and direct cooling mode. In a low-temperature environment, the surface temperature of the battery cell 14 is lower than the set value. When the battery cell 14 is charged and discharged, it needs to be heated and warmed up. At this time, the second air-conditioning circuit 28 turns on the direct heating mode to provide heat for the second heat exchanger 25. The second heat exchanger 25 heats the coolant in the liquid storage bin, causing it to boil or evaporate to generate a large amount of steam. The steam can diffuse into the phase change space 8 and condense to release heat, so that the temperature of the battery cell 14 rises, realizing the temperature control of the battery cell 14 in a low-temperature environment.

[0093] In one embodiment, the cooling tank space 7 located below the phase change space 8 in the battery box 1 constitutes the liquid storage bin. The second heat exchanger 25 is arranged in the cooling tank space 7. A large amount of steam generated by the second heat exchanger 25 heating the coolant in the cooling tank space 7 diffuses into the phase change space 8 through the liquid leakage holes 16 and condenses to release heat. The liquid generated by condensation flows into the cooling tank space 7 through the liquid leakage holes 16.

[0094] In one embodiment, the second heat exchanger 25 includes a serpentine tube heat exchanger. The serpentine tube heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid storage bin. Heat exchange fins are arranged on the outer surface of the serpentine tube heat exchanger to increase the contact area between the serpentine tube heat exchanger and the coolant and improve the heating efficiency.

[0095] In one embodiment, the battery heating system includes a motor electronic control water jacket 19, a second expansion tank 20, a second liquid supply pump 21, a first control valve 22, a second control valve 18, and a third control valve 26. The outlet of the motor electronic control water jacket 19 is sequentially connected to the inlet of the second expansion tank 20, the second liquid supply pump 21, the first control valve 22, the third control valve 26, and the second heat exchanger 25. The second control valve 18 is connected between the inlet of the motor electronic control water jacket 19 and the outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 to form a motor electronic control waste heat utilization loop for heating the coolant in the liquid storage bin.

[0096] Normally, a motor electronic control cooling loop for cooling the motor electronic control is provided on the vehicle. The motor electronic control cooling loop includes an air-cooled radiator 24, a fourth control valve 23, and the above-mentioned motor electronic control water jacket 19, second expansion tank 20, and second liquid supply pump 21. The outlet of the motor electronic control water jacket 19 is sequentially connected to the inlet of the second expansion tank 20, the second liquid supply pump 21, the fourth control valve 23, and the air-cooled radiator 24. The outlet of the air-cooled radiator 24 is connected to the inlet of the motor electronic control water jacket 19. The second liquid supply pump 21 drives the circulating water to flow to take away the heat generated during the operation of the motor.

[0097] In the present utility model, the motor electronic control waste heat utilization loop is coupled to the loop between the second heat exchanger 25 and the second air-conditioning loop 28, and the heat generated by the operation of the motor is used to heat the coolant in the liquid storage bin, which is beneficial to improving the energy efficiency of the battery thermal management system.

[0098] Specifically, when the water temperature of the motor electronic control water jacket 19 reaches the temperature that can be utilized, the fifth control valve 33 and the second liquid supply pump 21 are closed, and the first control valve 22, the second control valve 18, the third control valve 26, and the second solenoid valve 27 are opened. The motor electronic control waste heat utilization loop is connected, and the heat of the second heat exchanger 25 is provided by the motor electronic control water jacket 19. The water flowing out of the outlet of the motor electronic control water jacket 19 sequentially flows through the second expansion tank 20, the second liquid supply pump 21, the first control valve 22, the third control valve 26, the water-side inlet of the liquid-cooled heat exchanger 30, the water-side outlet of the liquid-cooled heat exchanger 30, the second solenoid valve 27, the inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger, the outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger, the second control valve 18, and the inlet of the motor electronic control water jacket 19 to realize the heating of the coolant in the liquid storage bin.

[0099] When the water temperature of the motor electronic control water jacket 19 is insufficient, the second air-conditioning loop 28 turns on the direct heating mode to further heat the circulating water from the motor electronic control water jacket 19 through the liquid-cooled heat exchanger 30.

[0100] In one embodiment, the liquid-cooled heat exchanger 30 is a plate heat exchanger.

[0101] In one embodiment, the battery heating system further includes an electric heater 37 which is adapted to be electrically connected to the vehicle's battery. The electric heater 37 is disposed in the liquid storage chamber and is used to heat the coolant in the liquid storage chamber. When the new energy electric vehicle is in the plugged-in state, the electric heater 37 directly heats the coolant in the liquid storage chamber to achieve the plugged-in preheating function.

[0102] In one embodiment, a drain port is provided at the bottom of the box body for draining the coolant in the battery box 1 during maintenance.

[0103] In another embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, it further includes a liquid storage tank 41. The above-mentioned liquid storage chamber is arranged in the liquid storage tank 41. The liquid storage chamber is connected to the cooling tank space 7 through a pipeline. The coolant collected in the cooling tank space 7 from the phase change space 8 can return to the liquid storage chamber for reuse, realizing the recycling of the coolant and further reducing the demand for coolant.

[0104] In another embodiment, the battery cooling system further includes a condensation box 45. The interior of the condensation box 45 is connected to the steam space 6. The first heat exchanger 13 is installed in the condensation box 45 so that the steam in the steam space 6 flows into the condensation chamber for condensation.

[0105] At this time, the first heat exchanger 13 does not need to be installed in the steam space 6 inside the battery box 1, which can reduce the size of the battery box 1 to facilitate matching the installation space on the vehicle.

[0106] In addition, the condensation module further includes a fan 42 that can be flexibly regulated to rotate forward and backward. The fan 42 is installed in the condensation box 45 and rotates facing the communication port between the condensation box 45 and the steam space 6 to increase the steam flow rate between the steam space 6 and the condensation box 45.

[0107] As Figure 5 shown, the liquid storage tank 41 and the condensation box 45 are connected through a steam pipeline 44 and a liquid collection pipeline. One end of the liquid collection pipeline is connected to the top end of the liquid storage tank 41, and the other end is connected to the bottom end of the condensation box 45. A liquid collection pump 43 is connected to the liquid collection pipeline. When the steam in the steam space 6 flows into the condensation box 45 for condensation under the promotion of the fan 42, the condensed liquid is transported to the liquid storage tank 41 by the liquid collection pump 43 to realize the circulation of the liquid.

[0108] The electric heater 37 and the second heat exchanger 25 of the battery heating system are arranged in the liquid storage tank 41. When heating the coolant in the liquid storage tank 41, a large amount of steam generated flows through the steam pipeline 44 to the condensation box 45, and then flows into the phase change space 8 under the promotion of the fan 42 and condenses on the surface of the battery cell 14 to release heat and heat the battery cell 14.

[0109] In other embodiments, the liquid equalizing core 4 can be cancelled, and the uniformity of the coolant on the top surface of the evaporation core 3 can be improved by increasing the number of nozzles of the spraying assembly spraying towards the evaporation core 3.

[0110] In other embodiments, the liquid equalizing core 4 can be only laid on the top surface of the evaporation core 3. At this time, the liquid equalizing core 4 avoids the position where the air duct is connected to the steam space 6 and there is no need to set the ventilation holes 15.

[0111] In other embodiments, the cooling tank space 7 can be cancelled, and at least one liquid collecting pipe can be set at the bottom of the phase change space 8. The coolant in the phase change space 8 flows to the liquid storage bin or the liquid collecting box through the liquid collecting pipe.

[0112] In other embodiments, the condensation module can only include the first air conditioner, and the first air conditioner blows directly towards the top wall of the battery box 1, so that the steam in the steam space 6 condenses after encountering the top wall of the battery box 1.

[0113] In other embodiments, the cold source unit 29 can use air cooling to cool the coolant.

[0114] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including the battery cooling system of the above embodiment.

[0115] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery cooling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cold source unit (29), a battery box (1), an evaporation core (3), a spray assembly, a liquid storage tank and a condensation module, wherein the liquid storage tank stores coolant, and the cold source unit (29) is used to cool the coolant in the liquid storage tank; the battery box (1) comprises a phase change space (8) and a steam space (6) located above the phase change space (8), the phase change space (8) is suitable for arranging a battery cell (14), the evaporation core (3) is suitable for being attached to the side surface of the battery cell (14) in the thickness direction, and an air passage surrounding the evaporation core (3) is arranged in the phase change space (8); The spray assembly is used to spray the coolant in the liquid storage tank toward the evaporation core (3); A first porous capillary structure is arranged in the evaporation core (3), and the first porous capillary structure is used to transport the cooling liquid on the evaporation core (3) to the side of the battery core (14) to which the evaporation core (3) is attached, so as to form a cooling liquid film on the side of the battery core (14), and the cooling liquid film can evaporate to form steam, and the steam flows into the steam space (6) through the air channel, and the condensation module is used to condense the steam.

2. The battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a vacuum pumping component, the battery box (1) is provided with a vacuum pumping port, and the vacuum pumping component pumps a vacuum into the battery box (1) through the vacuum pumping port.

3. The battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a support grid (2), the support grid (2) being arranged in the phase change space (8) and being suitable for placing the evaporation core (3) against the side of the battery core (14), the support grid (2) being provided with a plurality of mesh holes, the plurality of mesh holes being interconnected to form the air channel.

4. The battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid balancing core (4), which is laid on the top surface of the evaporation core (3), and the liquid balancing core (4) is provided with a second porous capillary structure, and the second porous capillary structure is used to spread the cooling liquid sprayed by the spraying component on the top surface of the liquid balancing core (4) all over the liquid balancing core (4).

5. The battery cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid distribution core (4) is suitable for being laid on the top side of the evaporation core (3), the electric core (14) and the air channel, and the liquid distribution core (4) is provided with an air hole (15) connecting the air channel and the steam space (6).

6. The battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box (1) further comprises a cooling trough space (7) inside, wherein the cooling trough space (7) is located below the phase change space (8), and a leakage hole (16) is provided at the bottom of the phase change space (8) in the battery box (1), and the coolant in the phase change space (8) flows into the cooling trough space (7) through the leakage hole (16).

7. The battery cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling tank space (7) is used to store cooling liquid, and the cooling tank space (7) constitutes the liquid storage tank.

8. The battery cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery box (1) comprises a box body and a porous bottom plate (5), wherein the porous bottom plate (5) is fixed in the box body and spaced apart from the bottom wall of the box body, the space between the porous bottom plate (5) and the bottom wall of the box body forms the cooling groove space (7), the battery cell (14) is fixed on the porous bottom plate (5), and the leakage hole (16) is arranged on the porous bottom plate (5).

9. The battery cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a liquid storage box (41), wherein the liquid storage bin is arranged in the liquid storage box (41), and the liquid storage bin is connected to the cooling tank space (7) through a pipeline.

10. The battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray assembly comprises a liquid suction pump (11), a spray main pipe and a spray head (12); the liquid suction port of the liquid suction pump (11) is connected to the liquid storage tank; one end of the spray main pipe is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid suction pump (11), and the other end extends to the phase change space (8); the spray head (12) is connected to the other end of the spray main pipe and is used to spray the coolant onto the top surface of the evaporation core (3).

11. The battery cooling system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The battery box (1) further comprises a cooling tank space (7) inside, the cooling tank space (7) is located below the phase change space (8), the cooling tank space (7) constitutes the liquid storage bin, and the liquid suction pump (11) is arranged in the cooling tank space (7); The spray assembly also includes a multi-way pipe and a plurality of switch control valves (36), wherein the multi-way pipe includes a connecting pipe port and a plurality of liquid suction pipe ports, wherein the connecting pipe port is connected to the liquid suction port of the liquid suction pump (11), and the plurality of liquid suction pipe ports are distributed at intervals in the cooling tank space (7), and each of the liquid suction pipe ports is connected to a switch control valve (36). When the switch control valve (36) is opened, the liquid suction pump (11) draws cooling liquid through the corresponding liquid suction pipe port.

12. The battery cooling system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The spray assembly further comprises a plurality of spray branch pipes spaced apart along the length direction of the battery core (14), the spray branch pipes extending along the thickness direction of the battery core (14), the spray branch pipes being connected to the other end of the spray main pipe, and each of the spray branch pipes being connected to the spray head (12).

13. The battery cooling system according to claim 12, characterized in that: A plurality of the nozzles (12) are provided, each of the spray branch pipes is connected to a plurality of the nozzles (12), the phase change space (8) is suitable for arranging a plurality of battery cells (14), and the plurality of the nozzles (12) on each of the spray branch pipes are suitable for being arranged on the top surface of the corresponding battery cell (14).

14. The battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The condensing module comprises a first air-conditioning circuit (35) and a first heat exchanger (13), wherein the inlet of the first heat exchanger (13) is connected to the outlet of the first air-conditioning circuit (35), and the inlet of the first air-conditioning circuit (35) is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger (13); The first heat exchanger (13) is arranged in the steam space (6) so that the steam is condensed in the steam space (6); or, the battery cooling system further comprises a condensation box (45), the interior of the condensation box (45) is connected to the steam space (6), and the first heat exchanger (13) is installed in the condensation box (45) so that the steam in the steam space (6) flows into the condensation box (45) to condense.

15. The battery cooling system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The condensation module further comprises a fan (42), and the fan (42) is installed in the condensation box (45).

16. The battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The cold source unit (29) comprises a second air-conditioning circuit (28) and a second heat exchanger (25), wherein the inlet of the second heat exchanger (25) is connected to the outlet of the second air-conditioning circuit (28), the inlet of the second air-conditioning circuit (28) is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger (25), and the second heat exchanger (25) is immersed in the liquid storage tank.

17. The battery cooling system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The cold source unit (29) further comprises a first expansion water tank (32) and a first liquid supply pump (31); the second heat exchanger (25) comprises a water-cooled heat exchanger and a liquid-cooled heat exchanger (30); the liquid-cooled heat exchanger (30) is provided with a water-side inlet, a water-side outlet, a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet; the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are connected to the second air-conditioning circuit (28) via a pipeline; the inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the water-side outlet via a pipeline; the outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the first expansion water tank (32), the first liquid supply pump (31) and the water-side inlet in sequence via a pipeline; the water-cooled heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid storage tank.

18. A battery thermal management system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery heating system and a battery cooling system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. The battery thermal management system according to claim 18, characterized in that: The battery heating system comprises a second air-conditioning circuit (28) and a second heat exchanger (25), wherein an inlet and an outlet of the second heat exchanger (25) are connected to the second air-conditioning circuit (28) via a pipeline, and the second heat exchanger (25) is used to heat the coolant in the liquid storage tank to form steam, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the phase change space (8).

20. The battery thermal management system according to claim 19, characterized in that: The second heat exchanger (25) comprises a serpentine tube heat exchanger, the serpentine tube heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid storage tank, and the outer surface of the serpentine tube heat exchanger is provided with heat exchange fins.

21. The battery thermal management system according to claim 19, characterized in that: The battery heating system comprises a motor-controlled water jacket (19), a second expansion water tank (20), a second liquid supply pump (21), a first control valve (22), a second control valve (18) and a third control valve (26); the outlet of the motor-controlled water jacket (19) is connected to the inlet of the second expansion water tank (20), the second liquid supply pump (21), the first control valve (22), the third control valve (26) and the second heat exchanger (25) in sequence; the second control valve (18) is connected between the inlet of the motor-controlled water jacket (19) and the outlet of the second heat exchanger (25) to form a motor-controlled waste heat utilization loop for heating the coolant in the liquid storage tank.

22. The battery thermal management system according to claim 18, characterized in that: The battery heating system further comprises an electric heater (37), wherein the electric heater (37) is adapted to be electrically connected to a battery of a vehicle, and the electric heater (37) is arranged in the liquid storage tank and is used to heat the coolant in the liquid storage tank.

23. A vehicle, characterized in that: The method comprises a battery cooling system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17 or a battery thermal management system as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 22.

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