Split guide plate for tibia osteotomy

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a tibia osteotomy split guide plate which comprises a first guide plate body and a second guide plate body. The first guide plate body comprises a limiting block, a positioning rod fixedly arranged on the limiting block and a calibration block fixedly arranged on the limiting block, the end of the positioning rod is a first fitting curved surface attached to the upper bone surface of the tibia, and a force line hole is formed in the calibration block; an osteotomy groove is formed in the second guide plate main body, a screw placement hole is formed in the second guide plate main body, and one end of the second guide plate main body is a second fitting curved surface attached to the tibia side bone surface; the limiting block and the second guide plate body are connected through an insertion structure. According to the utility model, the screw can be placed once, the uniqueness of the screw channel is ensured, and the positioning accuracy and the success rate of osteotomy can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and relates to an osteotomy split guide plate, specifically a tibial osteotomy split guide plate. Background Art

[0002] During knee joint replacement surgery, the guide plate needs to be fixed to the patient's tibia. By means of the two fitting surface columns of the guide plate, a matching relationship is established between the guide plate and the tibia. Then, two bone nails are driven into the nail holes on the guide plate and fixed to the tibia, so as to fix the guide plate on the tibia. The doctor determines the osteotomy direction and osteotomy amount of the tibia according to the opening position on the guide plate. However, during the osteotomy process, due to the blockage of the guide plate, the bone chips generated by the osteotomy cannot be discharged in time, which affects the postoperative healing. Therefore, after determining the osteotomy direction and osteotomy amount, the doctor usually pulls out the bone nails, removes the guide plate, then finds the nail holes again, drives the bone nails into the original nail holes again, and then fixes the osteotome on the bone nails for osteotomy. The reason for pulling out the bone nails and fixing them again is that the fitting surface in the guide plate fits in the concave part of the tibia, and the two interfere with each other, and the guide plate needs to be removed by removing the bone nails.

[0003] As can be seen from the above, the purpose of placing the guide plate by fitting is to find the nail holes and fix the osteotome according to the positions of the nail holes. This method requires fitting, placing the nails, pulling out the nails, removing the guide plate, finding the nail holes on the bone, installing the osteotome, and finally the osteotomy can be completed. The disadvantages of the structure of this guide plate and the osteotomy process are: (1) Due to the influence of blood on the line of sight during the operation, it is very difficult to find the nail holes again and drive the nails after removing the guide plate. Even when re-driving the nails, there are deviations in determining the nail holes, and the nail channels for driving the nails are skewed, resulting in deviations in the osteotomy position and seriously affecting the quality of the operation; (2) Due to the small exposed area during the operation, the cumbersome process affects the operation time and increases the risk of patient infection. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a tibial osteotomy split guide plate, so as to achieve the purpose of removing the guide plate without pulling out the bone nails, avoiding secondary nail placement, and accurately fixing the osteotome.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A tibial osteotomy split guide plate includes a first guide plate main body and a second guide plate main body;

[0007] The first guide plate main body includes a limit block, a positioning rod fixedly arranged on the limit block, and a calibration block fixedly arranged on the limit block. Among them, the end of the positioning rod is a first fitting curved surface that fits the bone surface on the tibia, and a force line hole for inserting a force line rod is arranged on the calibration block;

[0008] The second guide plate body is provided with an osteotomy groove, and the second guide plate body is further provided with a nail placement hole for placing bone nails. One end of the second guide plate body is a second fitting surface that fits the tibial side bone surface;

[0009] The limiting block and the second guide plate body are detachably connected through a plug-in structure.

[0010] As a limitation of the present utility model, the plug-in structure includes a plug-in hole provided on the limiting block and a plug-in block fixedly provided on the second guide plate body, and the plug-in block is detachably plugged in the plug-in hole.

[0011] As a further limitation of the present utility model, the plug-in hole on the limiting block is a tapered hole, and the plug-in block is tapered to match the plug-in hole.

[0012] As a further limitation of the present utility model, the plug-in hole on the limiting block is a cylindrical hole, and the plug-in block is cylindrical to match the plug-in hole.

[0013] As a further limitation of the present utility model, there are two positioning rods, and both are L-shaped.

[0014] As a further limitation of the present utility model, one of the two positioning rods is arc-shaped.

[0015] As another limitation of the present utility model, the end of the second guide plate body provided with the second fitting surface is further provided with an arc-shaped concave area, and the arc-shaped concave area is recessed in a direction away from the second fitting surface.

[0016] As a limitation of the present utility model, a guide block is fixedly provided at the position of the nail placement hole on the second guide plate body, and the nail placement hole penetrates through the guide block.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the present utility model are:

[0018] (1) After fitting the first guide plate body and the second guide plate body on the tibia, the present utility model can determine the osteotomy position. At the same time, bone nails can be driven into the nail placement holes. After determining the positions of the bone nails, the second guide plate body can be removed along the bone nails. Since the second guide plate body fits the tibial side bone surface and is detachably connected to the first guide plate body in a split plug-in manner, therefore, the second guide plate body can be quickly removed without obstruction, making the first guide plate body lose its limit and not being restricted by the removal direction, and the first guide plate body can be easily removed. The setting of this structure does not require removing the nails and then re-driving the bone nails, which not only saves the operation time, reduces the infection risk, but also ensures the uniqueness of the nail track, improves the positioning accuracy of the osteotome, and further improves the success rate of osteotomy;

[0019] (2)The conical plug block structure of the present utility model can play a positioning role in the plugging direction. After the second fitting surface fits with the tibial side bone surface, the accuracy of fitting can be further verified through the position of the plug block;

[0020] (3)One positioning rod of the present utility model is arc-shaped, which can play a role in avoiding human tissues and reduce the harm of medical instruments to human tissues;

[0021] (4)The arc-shaped recessed area of the present utility model is beneficial to avoiding the patella and preventing damage to the patella during the process of implanting the guide plate;

[0022] (5)The setting of the guiding block of the present utility model can prevent the surface of the second guide plate main body from being damaged when driving the bone nail, and can extend the path of nail implantation to prevent the bone nail from tilting.

[0023] In summary, the present utility model only needs to implant the nail once, which ensures the uniqueness of the nail track, can improve the positioning accuracy and the success rate of osteotomy, and is applicable to tibial osteotomy. Description of the Drawings

[0024] The following further describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the first perspective of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the second perspective of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the embodiment of the present utility model fixed on the tibia;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the embodiment of the present utility model with the second guide plate main body removed from the tibia.

[0029] In the figure: 1. First guide plate main body; 11. Limit block; 12. Positioning rod; 121. First fitting surface; 13. Calibration block; 131. Force line hole; 2. Second guide plate main body; 21. Second fitting surface; 22. Osteotomy groove; 23. Nail implantation hole; 24. Arc-shaped recessed area; 3. Guiding block; 4. Plugging hole; 5. Plug block; 6. Upper tibial bone surface; 7. Tibial side bone surface. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and understand the present utility model, and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0031] Embodiment 1 A split guide plate for tibial osteotomy

[0032] As shown Figure 1 , Figure 2 in the figure, this embodiment includes a first guide plate body 1 and a second guide plate body 2. The first guide plate body 1 and the second guide plate body 2 are of a split structure. Among them, the first guide plate body 1 is buckled on the upper bone surface 6 of the tibia, and the second guide plate body 2 is buckled on the lateral bone surface 7 of the tibia. The first guide plate body 1 and the second guide plate body 2 are connected through a plug-in structure. When positioning, the two are connected together. When removing this structure, first remove the second guide plate body 2, and then remove the first guide plate body 1.

[0033] The first guide plate body 1 includes a limit block 11, a positioning rod 12, and a calibration block 13. There are two positioning rods 12, both of which are fixed on one side of the limit block 11. The two positioning rods 12 are both L-shaped. The ends of the two positioning rods 12 that do not connect to the limit block 11 downward are both first fitting surfaces 121 that fit the upper bone surface 6 of the tibia. The first fitting surface 121 can be obtained by scanning the tibia image of the patient. Among the two positioning rods 12, one positioning rod 12 is arc-shaped for avoiding human tissues. The calibration block 13 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the limit block 11, and the bottom surface of the calibration block 13 is located above the bottom surface of the limit block 11. A force line hole 131 for inserting a force line rod is provided on the calibration block 13, and the force line hole 131 runs through the thickness direction of the calibration block 13.

[0034] An osteotomy groove 22 is provided on the second guide plate body 2, and the position of the osteotomy groove 22 is customized according to the osteotomy position of each patient. Two nail insertion holes 23 for inserting bone nails are also provided on the second guide plate body 2, and the two nail insertion holes 23 run through the width direction of the second guide plate body 2. One end of the second guide plate body 2 is a second fitting surface 21 that fits the lateral bone surface 7 of the tibia. The second fitting surface 21 can be obtained by scanning the tibia image of the patient. An arc-shaped recessed area 24 is also provided at the end of the second guide plate body 2 where the second fitting surface 21 is located. The arc-shaped recessed area 24 and the second fitting surface 21 are respectively located on both sides of one end of the second guide plate body 2. The recessed part of the arc-shaped recessed area 24 is an arc surface and recesses in a direction away from the second fitting surface 21 for avoiding the patella of the human body.

[0035] The plug-in structure includes a plug-in hole 4 provided on the limit block 11 and a plug-in block 5 fixedly arranged on the second guide plate body 2. It is also possible to set the plug-in hole 4 on the second guide plate body 2 and set the plug-in block 5 on the limit block 11. The first structure is adopted in this embodiment. The plug-in hole 4 on the limit block 11 is a tapered hole, and the plug-in block 5 is tapered to match the plug-in hole 4, so that the plug-in block 5 can be detachably inserted into the plug-in hole 4, and the end with a larger opening of the plug-in hole 4 is arranged on the surface of the limit block 11 connecting the calibration block 13. The plug-in hole 4 on the limit block 11 can also be a cylindrical hole, and the plug-in block 5 is cylindrical to match the plug-in hole 4. The tapered structure is adopted in this embodiment.

[0036] On the second guide plate body 2, guide blocks 3 are fixedly provided at the positions of two nail placement holes 23. The nail placement holes 23 penetrate through the guide blocks 3, and the guide blocks 3 protrude from the second guide plate body 2 to extend the path of the nail placement holes 23.

[0037] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, when using this embodiment, the first guide plate body 1 and the second guide plate body 2 are formed into a whole through a plug-in structure. When fixing, place the two positioning rods 12 on the upper bone surface 6 of the tibia, and the second fitting surfaces 21 on the two positioning rods 12 are completely attached to the upper bone surface 6 of the tibia. At this time, the second fitting surface 21 of the second guide plate body 2 is attached to the lateral bone surface 7 of the tibia. Then, drive two bone nails into the two nail placement holes 23 respectively. After determining the positions of the two bone nails through the guide plate, insert the force line rod into the force line hole 131 of the calibration block 13. When the force line rod points to the center of the tibial head, remove the force line rod. If the force line rod does not point to the center of the tibial head, it means that the guide plate is not completely fitted with the tibia, and the guide plate needs to be removed and remade. After the bone nail positioning is completed, first remove the second guide plate body 2 along the bone nails to separate the plug-in block 5 from the plug-in hole 4, then remove the second guide plate body 2, leave the bone nails on the tibia, and finally fix the osteotome on the two bone nails for osteotomy.

[0038] It should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split guide plate for tibial osteotomy, characterized in that: including a first guide plate body and a second guide plate body; The first guide plate body comprises a limit block, a positioning rod fixed on the limit block and a calibration block fixed on the limit block, wherein the end of the positioning rod is a first fitting curved surface that fits the upper bone surface of the tibia, and the calibration block is provided with a force line hole for inserting the force line rod; The second guide plate body is provided with an osteotomy groove, and the second guide plate body is also provided with a screw placement hole for inserting a bone screw, and one end of the second guide plate body is a second fitting curved surface that fits with the tibial side bone surface; The limiting block and the second guide plate body are detachably connected via a plug-in structure.

2. A tibial osteotomy split guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug-in structure comprises a plug-in hole arranged on the limiting block and a plug-in block fixedly arranged on the second guide plate body, and the plug-in block is detachably plugged into the plug-in hole.

3. A tibial osteotomy split guide plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug-in hole on the limit block is a tapered hole, and the plug-in block is a tapered shape matching the plug-in hole.

4. The split tibial osteotomy guide plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug-in hole on the limit block is a cylindrical hole, and the plug-in block is a cylindrical shape matching the plug-in hole.

5. A tibial osteotomy split guide plate according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: There are two positioning rods, both of which are L-shaped.

6. A split tibial osteotomy guide plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: One of the two positioning rods is arc-shaped.

7. A split tibial osteotomy guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that: The end of the second guide plate body provided with the second fitting curved surface is also provided with an arc-shaped recessed area, and the arc-shaped recessed area is recessed in a direction away from the second fitting curved surface.

8. The split tibial osteotomy guide plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide block is fixedly arranged at a position where the nail placement hole is arranged on the second guide plate body, and the nail placement hole penetrates the guide block.

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