Knee joint osteotomy guide plate

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a knee joint osteotomy guide plate which comprises a guide plate body, a thighbone fitting block and a tibia fitting block, the thighbone fitting block and the tibia fitting block are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the guide plate body respectively, and the thighbone fitting block is provided with a thighbone fitting curved surface fitted with the thighbone side bone surface. The tibia fitting block is provided with a tibia fitting curved surface fitted with the tibia side bone surface; a thighbone positioning hole and a tibia positioning hole are formed in the guide plate main body, and a thighbone osteotomy groove and a tibia osteotomy groove are further formed in the guide plate main body; the tibia osteotomy groove is obliquely formed in the thickness direction of the guide plate body, the two ends of the thighbone osteotomy groove communicate with the two sides of the guide plate body correspondingly, and one end of the tibia osteotomy groove communicates with one side of the guide plate body. The auxiliary osteotomy device is used for assisting osteotomy, the osteotomy accuracy is high, the operation success rate is increased, and the auxiliary osteotomy device is suitable for ankylosing knee osteotomy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and relates to an osteotomy guide plate, specifically a knee joint osteotomy guide plate. Background Art

[0002] Ankylosed knee refers to a condition where the range of motion of the knee joint is almost 0°. Due to various reasons, knee joint bony ankylosis deformity occurs, which can be divided into flexion ankylosis and extension ankylosis. Clinically, flexion ankylosis deformity is more common. Since total knee arthroplasty for bony ankylosed knee is difficult and the incidence of postoperative complications is relatively high, about 3% - 41% of ankylosed knees were once considered contraindications for total knee arthroplasty.

[0003] In recent years, 3D printing technology has developed rapidly in the field of orthopedic joint surgery, and a variety of 3D printed guide plates have emerged, which can effectively avoid open - marrow surgery. Moreover, 3D printing technology provides precise guarantee for doctors' preoperative planning and intraoperative osteotomy through personalized customization. However, for the treatment of ankylosed knee, 3D printed guide plates still cannot be used for osteotomy because the fixation of the guide plate requires positioning by means of the end faces of the femur or tibia, and then osteotomy is performed on the femur and tibia respectively. Since the range of motion of the knee joint in ankylosed knee is almost zero, the femur and tibia cannot be dislocated, so the guide plate cannot be positioned, resulting in the inability to treat ankylosed knee patients with 3D printed guide plates. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] To solve the above - mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a knee joint osteotomy guide plate to achieve the purpose of assisting osteotomy for ankylosed knee with medical tools and improving the accuracy of osteotomy.

[0005] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0006] A knee joint osteotomy guide plate includes a guide plate body, a femur fitting block and a tibia fitting block fixedly arranged at both ends of the guide plate body respectively. The femur fitting block is provided with a femur fitting curved surface that fits the femur - side bone surface, and the tibia fitting block is provided with a tibia fitting curved surface that fits the tibia - side bone surface;

[0007] The guide plate body is provided with a femur positioning hole and a tibia positioning hole, and is also provided with a femur osteotomy groove and a tibia osteotomy groove;

[0008] The tibia osteotomy groove is inclined along the thickness direction of the guide plate body. Both ends of the femur osteotomy groove communicate with both sides of the guide plate body respectively, and one end of the tibia osteotomy groove communicates with one side of the guide plate body.

[0009] As a limitation of the present utility model, a holding block is fixedly provided on the guide plate body, and a force wire groove is formed on the holding block. The force wire groove penetrates through the holding block and communicates with one surface of the holding block.

[0010] As a further limitation of the present utility model, the tibial positioning hole is inclined along the thickness direction of the guide plate body and has the same inclination angle as the tibial osteotomy groove.

[0011] As another limitation of the present utility model, a concave area for avoiding the patella is provided on the side surface of one end of the tibial fitting block provided on the guide plate.

[0012] As a limitation of the present utility model, the tibial positioning hole penetrates through the guide plate body and the tibial fitting block.

[0013] As a third limitation of the present utility model, a guiding block is fixedly provided at the femoral positioning hole, and the femoral positioning hole penetrates through the guiding block.

[0014] As a limitation of the present utility model, the area of the tibial fitting surface is smaller than the area of the femoral fitting surface.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the present utility model are as follows:

[0016] (1) The present utility model overcomes the defect that due to ankylosed knee joints being unable to move, it is impossible to use tool fitting for assisted osteotomy. It successfully applies the 3D printing technology to the treatment of ankylosed knee joints. Compared with the traditional endomyelitis treatment, the surgical risk is greatly reduced; moreover, the osteotomy guide plate fits with the lateral bone surfaces of the femur and tibia, and can be used regardless of the large or small range of motion of the ankylosed knee joints. It is customized individually, conforms to the own situation of each patient, and has wide versatility; at the same time, one operation and one placement of the osteotomy guide plate can simultaneously complete the osteotomy of the femur and tibia, reducing the surgical steps and the risk of infection;

[0017] (2) The setting of the force wire groove in the present utility model can further verify the fitting degree of the osteotomy guide plate with the knee joint, improve the accuracy of osteotomy, and increase the surgical success rate;

[0018] (3) The inclination of the tibial osteotomy groove in the present utility model generates a posterior inclination angle, which conforms to the human tibial ergonomic setting and is more conducive to osteotomy. The inclination of the tibial positioning hole prevents the Kirschner wire from interfering with osteotomy;

[0019] (4) The extension of the tibial positioning hole to the tibial fitting block and the setting of the guiding block on the femoral positioning hole in the present utility model can extend the path of the nail track, prevent the Kirschner wire from deviating, and improve the fixing stability;

[0020] (5) In the present utility model, the tibial fitting surface is smaller, which can reduce the exposed area during the operation and lower the risk of infection.

[0021] In summary, the utility model uses tools for assisted osteotomy, with high osteotomy accuracy, improving the success rate of the operation, and is applicable to osteotomy of ankylosed knee joints. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the inclination angle structure of the tibial osteotomy groove and the tibial positioning hole in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model placed on the knee joint.

[0027] In the figure: 1, guide plate main body; 2, femoral fitting block; 21, femoral fitting curved surface; 3, tibial fitting block; 31, tibial fitting curved surface; 4, femoral osteotomy groove; 5, tibial osteotomy groove; 6, femoral positioning hole; 7, tibial positioning hole; 8, guide block; 9, holding block; 10, force wire groove; 11, depression area; 12, femur; 13, tibia. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described below in conjunction with the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and understanding the present utility model, and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0029] Embodiment A knee joint osteotomy guide plate

[0030] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, this embodiment includes a guide plate main body 1 and a femoral fitting block 2 and a tibial fitting block 3 respectively fixed at both ends of the guide plate main body 1. The guide plate main body 1 is in a plate-like structure. The femoral fitting block 2 and the tibial fitting block 3 are respectively vertically arranged at both ends of the guide plate main body 1 and are located on the same surface of the guide plate main body 1. The femoral fitting block 2 is provided with a femoral fitting curved surface 21 that fits the lateral bone surface of the femur 12, and the tibial fitting block 3 is provided with a tibial fitting curved surface 31 that fits the lateral bone surface of the tibia 13. The femoral fitting curved surface 21 and the tibial fitting curved surface 31 are both set according to the actual situation of each patient. By scanning the data of the knee joint, the shape of the fitting curved surface is determined.

[0031] In this embodiment, the area of the tibial fitting surface 31 is smaller than that of the femoral fitting surface 21. Since the femoral fitting area 12 needs to be set at the position of the femoral shaft, avoiding positions with more soft tissues and cartilage, the area of the femoral fitting surface 21 is larger. In order to reduce the exposed area during the operation, the area of the tibial fitting surface 31 is smaller, which can reduce the risk of surgical infection.

[0032] The guide plate body 1 is provided with a femoral osteotomy groove 4 and a tibial osteotomy groove 5 penetrating through its thickness direction. The femoral osteotomy groove 4 corresponds to the position of the femur 12, and the tibial osteotomy groove 5 corresponds to the position of the tibia 13. Both ends of the femoral osteotomy groove 4 communicate with both sides of the guide plate body 1, that is, both sides of the guide plate body 1 are recessed towards the middle of the guide plate body 1 to form the femoral osteotomy groove 4. One end of the tibial osteotomy groove 5 communicates with one side of the guide plate body 1, that is, one side of the guide plate body 1 is recessed towards the middle of the guide plate body 1 to form the tibial osteotomy groove 5. As Figure 3 shown, the tibial osteotomy groove 5 is inclined along the thickness direction of the guide plate body 1 to form a posterior inclination angle, which is more fitting with the growth angle of the human tibia 13 and is convenient for osteotomy.

[0033] The guide plate body 1 is provided with femoral positioning holes 6 and tibial positioning holes 7. There are two femoral positioning holes 6, both located above the femoral osteotomy groove 4. Guide blocks 8 are fixedly provided at both femoral positioning holes 6, and the femoral positioning holes 6 penetrate through the guide blocks 8. There are two tibial positioning holes 7, both located below the tibial osteotomy groove 5. The two tibial positioning holes 7 penetrate through the guide plate body 1 and the tibial fitting block 3. The tibial positioning holes 7 are inclined along the thickness direction of the guide plate body 1, and have the same inclination direction and inclination angle as the tibial osteotomy groove 5, so that the nail path of the tibial positioning holes 7 is parallel to the tibial osteotomy groove 5, preventing interference with the Kirschner wire inserted into the tibial positioning holes 7 during osteotomy.

[0034] A holding block 9 is fixedly provided on the guide plate body 1. A force line groove 10 is opened on the holding block 9, and the force line groove 10 penetrates through the thickness direction of the holding block 9, so that the force line groove 10 forms a through groove. At the same time, the force line groove 10 communicates with one surface of the holding block 9, so that the force line groove 10 forms a U shape, which is convenient for the force line rod to be placed into the force line groove 10 from the side surface of the holding block 9. A concave area 11 is provided on the side surface of one end of the tibial fitting block 3 on the guide plate, which is used to avoid the patella.

[0035] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, when using this embodiment, the femoral fitting surface 21 of the femoral fitting block 2 on the guide plate body 1 is attached to the side of the femoral shaft, and at the same time, the tibial fitting surface 31 of the tibial fitting block 3 is attached to the side of the tibia 13. Then, four Kirschner wires are respectively driven into the two femoral positioning holes 6 and the two tibial positioning holes 7. The osteotomy guide plate straddles both ends of the knee joint and is fixed to the femur 12 and the tibia 13 respectively. Then, the alignment rod is inserted into the alignment groove 10, and it is observed whether the alignment rod points to the center of the femoral head. If it points to the center of the femoral head, it proves that the guide plate fitting is complete. If the alignment rod does not point to the center of the femoral head, the guide plate is disassembled and remade. When the guide plate is fixed, at this time, the femoral osteotomy groove 4 is located on the femur 12, and the tibial osteotomy groove 5 is located on the tibia 13. The femur 12 is osteotomized through the femoral osteotomy groove 4, and the tibia 13 is osteotomized through the tibial osteotomy groove 5.

[0036] It should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knee osteotomy guide plate, characterized in that: It comprises a guide plate body and a femoral fitting block and a tibial fitting block respectively fixed at two ends of the guide plate body, the femoral fitting block is provided with a femoral fitting curved surface fitting with the side bone surface of the femur, and the tibial fitting block is provided with a tibial fitting curved surface fitting with the side bone surface of the tibial; The guide plate body is provided with a femoral positioning hole and a tibial positioning hole, and is also provided with a femoral osteotomy groove and a tibial osteotomy groove; The tibial osteotomy groove is inclined along the thickness direction of the guide plate body, the two ends of the femoral osteotomy groove are respectively connected with the two sides of the guide plate body, and one end of the tibial osteotomy groove is connected with one side of the guide plate body.

2. A knee joint osteotomy guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A holding block is fixedly arranged on the guide plate body, and a force line groove is arranged on the holding block. The force line groove penetrates the holding block and is communicated with one surface of the holding block.

3. A knee joint osteotomy guide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tibial positioning hole is arranged obliquely along the thickness direction of the guide plate body and has the same inclination angle as that of the tibial osteotomy groove.

4. A knee osteotomy guide according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The guide plate is provided with a tibial fitting block, and a side surface at one end thereof is provided with a recessed area for avoiding the patella.

5. A knee joint osteotomy guide plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tibial positioning hole is arranged through the guide plate body and the tibial fitting block.

6. A knee osteotomy guide according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that: A guide block is fixedly arranged at the femoral positioning hole, and the femoral positioning hole passes through the guide block.

7. A knee joint osteotomy guide plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The area of ​​the tibia fitting surface is smaller than the area of ​​the femur fitting surface.

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