Forklift fuel cell hydrogen system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a forklift fuel cell hydrogen system, and particularly relates to the technical field of forklifts, which comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply part, a hydrogen circulation part, a hydrogen discharge part and a water discharge part, the hydrogen supply part is connected with the input end of the fuel cell stack; the hydrogen circulation part comprises an ejector and a gas-water separator; the output end of the fuel cell stack is connected with the input end of the gas-water separator, the first output end of the gas-water separator is connected with the water discharge part, and the second output end of the gas-water separator is connected with the water discharge part through the hydrogen discharge part; and the third output end of the gas-water separator is also connected with the input end of the fuel cell stack through the ejector. According to the utility model, hydrogen is recycled by adopting the ejector, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the efficiency of a fuel cell system is improved; a solid hydrogen storage system is adopted to supply hydrogen, so that the hydrogen storage capacity under the same volume is improved, and the working time of the forklift filled with hydrogen once is prolonged; the practicability is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of forklifts, and more specifically, to a forklift fuel cell hydrogen system. Background Art

[0002] It is known that the patent with the application number 202221060067.0 discloses a forklift fuel cell hydrogen system, in which a hydrogen circulation pump is used in the hydrogen circulation part to realize the recycling of hydrogen.

[0003] However, in actual use, both the existing forklift fuel cell hydrogen system and the above-disclosed forklift fuel cell hydrogen system have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Using a hydrogen circulation pump consumes electric energy and affects the efficiency of the fuel cell system;

[0005] 2. Using a high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage system has a small hydrogen storage mass under the same volume, which affects the working time of the forklift;

[0006] Therefore, in view of the above problems, a new type of forklift fuel cell hydrogen system needs to be designed for further improvement. Summary of the Utility Model

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the utility model provides a forklift fuel cell hydrogen system to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A forklift fuel cell hydrogen system, the fuel cell hydrogen system includes: a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply part, a hydrogen circulation part, a hydrogen discharge part, and a drainage part;

[0009] The hydrogen supply part is connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack; the hydrogen circulation part includes: an ejector and a gas-water separator; the output end of the fuel cell stack is connected to the input end of the gas-water separator, the first output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the drainage part, the second output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the drainage part through the hydrogen discharge part; the third output end of the gas-water separator is also connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack through the ejector.

[0010] Further, the hydrogen discharge part includes: a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve; the second output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the input end of the drainage part through the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve.

[0011] Further, the drainage part includes: a water storage tank, a liquid level sensor, and a drainage solenoid valve;

[0012] The second output end of the gas-water separator is connected to an input end of the water storage tank through a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve; the first output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the other input end of the water storage tank; the liquid level sensor is arranged inside the water storage tank; the pipeline connected to the drainage end of the water storage tank is set as a drainage pipe, and the end of the drainage pipe is set as a drainage port, and the drainage solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the drainage pipe; the end of the pipeline connected to the exhaust end of the water storage tank is set as an exhaust port.

[0013] Further, the hydrogen supply part includes: a solid-state hydrogen storage system and a pressure reducing valve; the solid-state hydrogen storage system is connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack.

[0014] Further, the pressure range of the hydrogen stored inside the solid-state hydrogen storage system is set between 3 - 4 Mpa.

[0015] Further, the ejector is set as a mechanical structure.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of the present utility model:

[0017] 1. Compared with the prior art, by setting an ejector to replace the hydrogen circulation pump to realize the recycling of hydrogen, the power consumption is reduced and the efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved.

[0018] 2. Compared with the prior art, the solution of the present application uses a solid-state hydrogen storage system to supply hydrogen, which changes the previous hydrogen supply method of hydrogen storage cylinders, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage capacity under the same volume and extending the working time of the forklift after refueling with hydrogen once; therefore, it has practicality. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model.

[0020] Reference numerals are:

[0021] 1. Fuel cell stack;

[0022] 2. Hydrogen supply part; 21. Solid-state hydrogen storage system; 22. Pressure reducing valve;

[0023] 3. Hydrogen circulation part; 31. Ejector; 32. Gas-water separator;

[0024] 4. Hydrogen discharge part; 41. Hydrogen discharge solenoid valve;

[0025] 5. Drainage part;

[0026] 51. Water storage tank; 52. Liquid level sensor; 53. Drainage solenoid valve; 54. Drainage pipe; 55. Drainage port; 56. Exhaust port. Detailed Embodiment

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0028] As shown in the attached Figure 1 A forklift fuel cell hydrogen system, the fuel cell hydrogen system includes: a fuel cell stack 1, a hydrogen supply unit 2, a hydrogen circulation unit 3, a hydrogen discharge unit 4 and a drainage unit 5;

[0029] The hydrogen supply unit 2 is connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack 1; the hydrogen circulation unit 3 includes: an ejector 31 and a gas-water separator 32; the output end of the fuel cell stack 1 is connected to the input end of the gas-water separator 32, the first output end of the gas-water separator 32 is connected to the drainage unit 5, and the second output end of the gas-water separator 32 is connected to the drainage unit 5 through the hydrogen discharge unit 4; the third output end of the gas-water separator 32 is also connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack 1 through the ejector 31.

[0030] The hydrogen discharge unit 4 includes: a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 41; the second output end of the gas-water separator 32 is connected to the input end of the drainage unit 5 through the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 41.

[0031] The drainage unit 5 includes: a water storage tank 51, a liquid level sensor 52 and a drainage solenoid valve 53;

[0032] The second output end of the gas-water separator 32 is connected to an input end of the water storage tank 51 through the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 41; the first output end of the gas-water separator 32 is connected to the other input end of the water storage tank 51; the liquid level sensor 52 is arranged in the water storage tank 51; the pipeline connected to the drainage end of the water storage tank 51 is set as a drainage pipe 54, and the end of the drainage pipe 54 is set as a drainage port 55, and the drainage solenoid valve 53 is fixedly installed on the drainage pipe 54; the end of the pipeline connected to the exhaust end of the water storage tank 51 is set as an exhaust port 56.

[0033] Among them, the hydrogen supply unit 2 supplies hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell stack 1. Under the action of a catalyst, hydrogen and oxygen undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate electric energy. Subsequently, the fuel cell stack 1 discharges the remaining air, hydrogen and water into the gas-water separator 32 and is divided into three paths:

[0034] The first path: the moisture entering the gas-water separator 32 is discharged to the water storage tank 51 of the drainage unit 5; subsequently, the liquid level sensor 52 detects the liquid level of the water storage tank 51. When the liquid level reaches the set value, an alarm is given through a display instrument, and the operator opens the drainage solenoid valve 53 through the drainage button on the instrument panel, so that the water in the water storage tank 51 is discharged from the drainage pipe 54 to achieve one-key drainage;

[0035] Second path: The excess hydrogen passes through the gas-water separator 32 and the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 41 to the water storage tank 51, and the air generated by the fuel cell stack 1 and discharged into the water storage tank 51 of the water drainage part 5 will be mixed with it, and finally the mixed gas is discharged from the exhaust port 56 in the form of tail gas;

[0036] Third path: The excess hydrogen passes through the gas-water separator 32 and the ejector 31 and returns to the fuel cell stack 1 to continue the electrochemical reaction with oxygen to realize the recycling of hydrogen.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 The hydrogen supply unit 2 includes: a solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 and a pressure reducing valve 22; the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 is connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack 1 through the pressure reducing valve 22.

[0038] The pressure range of hydrogen stored inside the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 is set at 3-4 Mpa;

[0039] Among them, the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 adopted in the hydrogen supply unit 2 is specifically: a rare-earth-based solid-state metal hydrogen storage system, which stores hydrogen by using the adsorption of rare-earth alloy materials. When releasing hydrogen, it needs to absorb heat; when storing hydrogen, it releases heat; the hydrogen release rate is related to temperature; hydrogen is stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21, passes through the pressure reducing valve 22 to the anode of the fuel cell stack 1, and under the action of a catalyst, hydrogen reacts electrochemically with oxygen to generate electric energy;

[0040] The characteristics of the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 are:

[0041] 1. Low hydrogen storage pressure and high safety.

[0042] 2. Large hydrogen storage capacity per unit volume.

[0043] 3. Absorb heat when releasing hydrogen, which can consume the waste heat of the fuel cell operation and reduce the power of the cooling fan of the power generation system.

[0044] In the past, a hydrogen storage cylinder with a pressure of 35 Mpa was required, and a 50L hydrogen storage cylinder could only store 1.2 kg of hydrogen; while the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 is as low as 3-4 Mpa with high safety, and the same 50L volume can store 2 kg of hydrogen. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present utility model uses the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 to supply hydrogen, which changes the previous hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen supply method, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage capacity under the same volume and extending the working time of the forklift after filling hydrogen once; therefore, it has practicality.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 The ejector 31 is set as a mechanical structure; so that by using the ejector 31 as a mechanical structure, no electric energy needs to be provided, and thus the use of the ejector 31 can reduce the power consumption and improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0046] Working principle of the utility model: When in use, the hydrogen stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage system 21 passes through the pressure reducing valve 22 to the anode of the fuel cell stack 1, and under the action of the catalyst, the hydrogen reacts electrochemically with oxygen to generate electric energy; Subsequently, the fuel cell stack 1 discharges the remaining air, hydrogen and water into the gas-water separator 32 and then divides into three paths:

[0047] First path: The water entering the gas-water separator 32 is discharged to the water storage tank 51 of the drainage part 5; Subsequently, the liquid level sensor 52 detects the liquid level of the water storage tank 51. When the liquid level reaches the set value, an alarm is given through the display instrument, and the operator opens the drainage solenoid valve 53 through the drainage button on the instrument panel, so that the water in the water storage tank 51 is discharged from the drainage pipe 54, realizing one-key drainage;

[0048] Second path: The excess hydrogen passes through the gas-water separator 32 and the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 41 to the water storage tank 51, and the air generated from the fuel cell stack 1 and discharged into the water storage tank 51 of the drainage part 5 will be mixed with it, and finally the mixed gas is discharged from the exhaust port 56 in the form of tail gas;

[0049] Third path: The excess hydrogen passes through the gas-water separator 32 and the ejector 31 and returns to the fuel cell stack 1 to continue the electrochemical reaction with oxygen, realizing the recycling of hydrogen.

[0050] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0051] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model, and the scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A forklift fuel cell hydrogen system, characterized in that: The fuel cell hydrogen system comprises: a fuel cell stack (1), a hydrogen supply unit (2), a hydrogen circulation unit (3), a hydrogen discharge unit (4) and a water discharge unit (5); The hydrogen supply unit (2) is connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack (1); the hydrogen circulation unit (3) comprises: an ejector (31) and a gas-water separator (32); the output end of the fuel cell stack (1) is connected to the input end of the gas-water separator (32), the first output end of the gas-water separator (32) is connected to the drainage unit (5), and the second output end of the gas-water separator (32) is connected to the drainage unit (5) via the hydrogen discharge unit (4); the third output end of the gas-water separator (32) is also connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack (1) via the ejector (31); The hydrogen supply unit (2) comprises: a solid-state hydrogen storage system (21) and a pressure reducing valve (22); The solid-state hydrogen storage system (21) is connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack (1) via a pressure reducing valve (22). The pressure range of hydrogen stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage system (21) is set at 3-4 MPa.

2. A forklift fuel cell hydrogen system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen discharge part (4) comprises: a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (41); and the second output end of the gas-water separator (32) is connected to the input end of the water discharge part (5) via the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (41).

3. A forklift fuel cell hydrogen system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage part (5) comprises: a water storage tank (51), a liquid level sensor (52) and a drainage solenoid valve (53); The second output end of the gas-water separator (32) is connected to an input end of a water tank (51) via a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (41); the first output end of the gas-water separator (32) is connected to the other input end of the water tank (51); the liquid level sensor (52) is arranged in the water tank (51); the pipeline connected to the drainage end of the water tank (51) is arranged as a drainage pipe (54), and the end of the drainage pipe (54) is arranged as a drainage port (55), and the drainage solenoid valve (53) is fixedly mounted on the drainage pipe (54); the end of the pipeline connected to the exhaust end of the water tank (51) is arranged as an exhaust port (56).

4. A forklift fuel cell hydrogen system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejector (31) is configured as a mechanical structure.

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