Perovskite solar cell packaging structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of solar cells, and discloses a perovskite solar cell packaging structure, comprising a transparent conductive substrate, the upper surface of which is provided with a conductive area and a non-conductive area; the perovskite solar cell module is arranged in the conductive area, the perovskite solar cell module comprises an electrode layer, the electrode layer is provided with an electrode extension end, and the electrode extension end is located in the non-conductive area; the cover plate is arranged opposite to the transparent conductive substrate and abuts against the electrode layer, the cover plate is provided with a through hole suitable for allowing an electrode lead to penetrate through, and the electrode lead in the through hole is suitable for being connected with the electrode extension end; and the first packaging adhesive is located on the peripheral sides of the conductive area and the non-conductive area and the junction of the conductive area and the non-conductive area, and a space for protecting the perovskite solar cell module is defined by the first packaging adhesive, the transparent conductive substrate and the cover plate. According to the utility model, the solar cell module and the electrode extension ends are packaged separately, so that erosion of moisture and oxygen to the perovskite solar cell module can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell. Background Art

[0002] Since perovskite will undergo a degradation reaction after coming into contact with moisture and oxygen, the service life of the perovskite solar cell is shortened. Therefore, in order to overcome the above problems, currently, a packaging adhesive is usually used to package the perovskite solar cell. However, the current packaging method cannot effectively prevent moisture and oxygen from entering the interior of the perovskite solar cell through the lead through holes on the cover plate. Therefore, the perovskite inside the perovskite solar cell will still come into contact with the external moisture and oxygen, thereby affecting the service life of the perovskite solar cell. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell to solve the problem that the current packaging method allows moisture and oxygen to come into contact with the perovskite inside the perovskite solar cell.

[0004] The utility model provides a packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell, including:

[0005] A transparent conductive substrate, on the upper surface of which there are a conductive region and a non-conductive region;

[0006] A perovskite solar cell assembly, arranged in the conductive region, the perovskite solar cell assembly includes an electrode layer, and the electrode layer has an electrode extension end, and the electrode extension end is located in the non-conductive region;

[0007] A cover plate, oppositely arranged with the transparent conductive substrate and abutted against the electrode layer, the cover plate is provided with a through hole suitable for passing through an electrode lead, and the electrode lead in the through hole is suitable for being connected to the electrode extension end;

[0008] A first packaging adhesive, located on the periphery of the conductive region and the non-conductive region and at the junction of the conductive region and the non-conductive region, and enclosing a space for protecting the perovskite solar cell assembly with the transparent conductive substrate and the cover plate.

[0009] Beneficial effects: In the present utility model, the perovskite solar cell module and the electrode extension end are respectively placed in the conductive area and the non-conductive area of the transparent conductive substrate. Subsequently, the perovskite solar cell module and the electrode extension end are separately encapsulated by the first encapsulant, which can enable the electrode to be connected to other electronic devices through the electrode lead while preventing moisture and oxygen in the external environment from entering the interior of the perovskite solar cell module through the through holes on the cover plate, ensuring that moisture and oxygen in the external environment will not erode or damage the internal structure of the perovskite solar cell module. In this way, it is beneficial to effectively improve the stability of the perovskite solar cell module and extend the service life of the perovskite solar cell module.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, an encapsulant film is provided on the side of the electrode layer away from the transparent conductive substrate, and the encapsulant film abuts against the first encapsulant on the periphery of the perovskite solar cell module.

[0011] Beneficial effects: In the present utility model, by providing an encapsulant film between the electrode layer and the cover plate and making the encapsulant film abut against the first encapsulant on the periphery of the perovskite solar cell module, it can effectively prevent moisture and oxygen in the external environment from penetrating into the interior of the perovskite solar cell module through the gap between the first encapsulant and the cover plate. Therefore, this design can significantly improve the durability and service life of the perovskite solar cell module.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the encapsulant film is one of a polyolefin elastomer film, a polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, a polyvinyl butyral film, or a butyl rubber film.

[0013] Beneficial effects: In the present utility model, the encapsulant film is set as one of a polyolefin elastomer film, a polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, a polyvinyl butyral film, or a butyl rubber film, which can not only form a protective layer for the perovskite solar cell module and reduce the probability of moisture and oxygen in the external environment coming into contact with the perovskite solar cell module; at the same time, it can also reduce the absorption and scattering of sunlight, ensure that sunlight can fully pass through the encapsulant film, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell module.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the electrode extension end includes a positive electrode extension end and a negative electrode extension end, the number of the through holes is at least two, and the electrode lead in one of the through holes is adapted to be connected to the positive electrode extension end, and the electrode lead in the other through hole is adapted to be connected to the negative electrode extension end.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Since the positive electrode extension end is an extension of the positive electrode of the electrode layer and the negative electrode extension end is an extension of the negative electrode of the electrode layer, after connecting the positive electrode extension end and the negative electrode extension end to the electronic device through the electrode leads, a closed loop can be formed, enabling the perovskite solar cell module to continuously supply the electrical energy stored therein to the electronic device, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the electronic device. Secondly, the electrode leads connected to the positive electrode extension end and the electrode leads connected to the negative electrode extension end are arranged in different through holes. On the one hand, it can reduce the possibility of short circuit between the positive electrode extension end and the negative electrode extension end. On the other hand, it is convenient for the staff to distinguish the positive electrode extension end and the negative electrode extension end, reducing the risk of circuit failure caused by incorrect connection or misconnection.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, a second encapsulating adhesive is provided in the through hole.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By providing a second encapsulating adhesive in the through hole, the present utility model can provide an additional protective layer for the electrode extension end, prevent the electrode extension end from being corroded under the action of external oxygen and moisture, reduce the loss during the charge transfer process, and ensure the conductivity and stability of the electrode extension end.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the second encapsulating adhesive is an ultraviolet curable adhesive.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Compared with other types of encapsulating adhesives, the ultraviolet curable adhesive can be quickly cured under ultraviolet light irradiation. Therefore, by using the ultraviolet curable adhesive, the production waiting time can be greatly reduced and the production efficiency can be improved. Secondly, the cured ultraviolet curable adhesive has good weather resistance, can resist the erosion of external oxygen and moisture, and protect the electrode extension end from corrosion.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, a transparent conductive layer is provided in the conductive region, and the material of the transparent conductive layer is fluorine-doped tin oxide or indium tin oxide.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Since both fluorine-doped tin oxide and indium tin oxide are excellent transparent conductive materials, using either of them as the transparent conductive layer can allow most of the sunlight to penetrate into the interior of the solar cell module. In this way, the loss of sunlight during the transmission process can be reduced, and more sunlight can be converted into electrical energy.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 200 - 500 nm.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The thickness of the transparent conductive layer in the present utility model is set within the range of 200 - 500 nm, which can not only allow more photons to reach the interior of the perovskite solar cell module, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also keep the transparent conductive layer with a relatively low resistivity, reducing the recombination and loss of electrons during transmission and enhancing the charge collection efficiency.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the first encapsulating adhesive is butyl rubber.

[0025] Beneficial effects: By using butyl rubber in the present utility model, the transparent conductive substrate and the cover plate can be closely bonded together. In this way, not only can the overall stability of the perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure be improved, but also a sealing structure of the perovskite solar cell module can be formed by the butyl rubber, the transparent conductive substrate and the cover plate, preventing moisture and oxygen in the external environment from eroding or damaging the internal structure of the perovskite solar cell module. Thus, the stability of the perovskite solar cell module can be effectively enhanced and the service life of the perovskite solar cell module can be extended.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, the perovskite solar cell module is a reverse perovskite solar cell structure or a normal perovskite solar cell structure.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Since the present utility model separately encapsulates the perovskite solar cell module and the electrode extension end using the first encapsulating adhesive, the waterproof and oxygen-proof properties of the perovskite solar cell module can be improved. Therefore, whether the perovskite solar cell module adopts a reverse perovskite solar cell structure or a normal perovskite solar cell structure, it can benefit from this encapsulation method to ensure the long-term stable operation of the perovskite solar cell module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic structural diagram of a perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 3Schematic diagram of another perspective of a perovskite solar cell packaging structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Transparent conductive substrate; 101. Conductive region; 1011. Transparent conductive layer; 102. Non-conductive region; 2. Perovskite solar cell module; 201. Hole transport layer; 202. Perovskite layer; 203. Electron transport layer; 204. Passivation layer; 205. Electrode layer; 2051. Electrode extension end; 3. Cover plate; 301. Through hole; 4. Electrode lead; 5. First encapsulation adhesive. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Aiming at the problem that the current packaging method allows moisture and oxygen to come into contact with the perovskite inside the perovskite solar cell, the present invention provides a perovskite solar cell packaging structure.

[0037] The following combines Figures 1 to 4 , and describes the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, a perovskite solar cell packaging structure is provided, including: a transparent conductive substrate 1, a perovskite solar cell module 2, a cover plate 3, and a first encapsulation adhesive 5.

[0039] Specifically, a conductive region 101 and a non-conductive region 102 are provided on the upper surface of the transparent conductive substrate 1; the perovskite solar cell module 2 is disposed within the conductive region 101. The perovskite solar cell module 2 includes an electrode layer 205, and the electrode layer 205 has an electrode extension end 2051, and the electrode extension end 2051 is located within the non-conductive region 102; the cover plate 3 is disposed opposite to the transparent conductive substrate 1 and abuts against the electrode layer 205. A through hole 301 adapted to pass through the electrode lead 4 is provided on the cover plate 3, and the electrode lead 4 within the through hole 301 is adapted to be connected to the electrode extension end 2051; the first encapsulant 5 is located on the periphery of the conductive region 101 and the non-conductive region 102 and at the junction of the conductive region 101 and the non-conductive region 102, and encloses a space for protecting the perovskite solar cell module 2 with the transparent conductive substrate 1 and the cover plate 3.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the perovskite solar cell module 2 and the electrode extension end 2051 are respectively placed in the conductive region 101 and the non-conductive region 102 of the transparent conductive substrate 1, and then the perovskite solar cell module 2 and the electrode extension end 2051 are separately encapsulated by the first encapsulant 5. While the electrode can be connected to other electronic devices through the electrode lead 4, it can prevent moisture and oxygen in the external environment from entering the interior of the perovskite solar cell module 2 through the through hole 301 on the cover plate 3, ensuring that moisture and oxygen in the external environment will not erode or damage the internal structure of the perovskite solar cell module 2. In this way, it is beneficial to effectively improve the stability of the perovskite solar cell module 2 and extend the service life of the perovskite solar cell module 2.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, an encapsulant film is provided on the side of the electrode layer 205 away from the transparent conductive substrate 1, and the encapsulant film abuts against the first encapsulant 5 on the periphery of the perovskite solar cell module 2. By providing an encapsulant film between the electrode layer 205 and the cover plate 3 and making the encapsulant film abut against the first encapsulant 5 on the periphery of the perovskite solar cell module 2, the embodiment of the present utility model can effectively prevent moisture and oxygen in the external environment from penetrating into the interior of the perovskite solar cell module 2 through the gap between the first encapsulant 5 and the cover plate 3. Therefore, this design can significantly improve the durability and service life of the perovskite solar cell module 2.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the encapsulation film is one of a polyolefin elastomer film, a polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer film, a polyvinyl butyral film, or a butyl rubber film. The embodiment of the present utility model sets the encapsulation film as one of the polyolefin elastomer film, the polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer film, the polyvinyl butyral film, or the butyl rubber film, which can not only form a protective layer for the perovskite solar cell module 2, reducing the probability of moisture and oxygen in the external environment coming into contact with the perovskite solar cell module 2; at the same time, it can also reduce the absorption and scattering of sunlight, ensuring that sunlight can fully pass through the encapsulation film and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell module 2.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, the electrode extension end 2051 includes a positive electrode extension end and a negative electrode extension end. The number of through holes 301 is at least two. One electrode lead 4 in one through hole 301 is adapted to be connected to the positive electrode extension end, and the electrode lead 4 in another through hole 301 is adapted to be connected to the negative electrode extension end. It can be understood that since the positive electrode extension end is an extension part of the positive electrode of the electrode layer 205 and the negative electrode extension end is an extension part of the negative electrode of the electrode layer 205, after connecting the positive electrode extension end and the negative electrode extension end to the electronic device through the electrode lead 4, a closed loop can be formed, enabling the perovskite solar cell module 2 to continuously supply the electric energy stored therein to the electronic device, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the electronic device. Secondly, setting the electrode lead 4 connected to the positive electrode extension end and the electrode lead 4 connected to the negative electrode extension end in different through holes 301 can, on the one hand, reduce the possibility of short circuit between the positive electrode extension end and the negative electrode extension end, and on the other hand, facilitate the staff to distinguish the positive electrode extension end and the negative electrode extension end, reducing the risk of circuit failure caused by incorrect connection or misconnection.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, as Figure 1 shown, a second encapsulation glue is provided in the through hole 301. The embodiment of the present utility model can provide an additional protective layer for the electrode extension end 2051 by providing the second encapsulation glue in the through hole 301, preventing the electrode extension end 2051 from being corroded under the action of external oxygen and moisture, reducing the loss during the charge transmission process, and ensuring the conductivity and stability of the electrode extension end 2051.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the second encapsulation glue is an ultraviolet curable glue. Compared with other types of encapsulation glues, the ultraviolet curable glue can be quickly cured under ultraviolet light irradiation. Therefore, by using the ultraviolet curable glue, the production waiting time can be greatly reduced and the production efficiency can be improved. Secondly, the cured ultraviolet curable glue has good weather resistance and can resist the erosion of external oxygen and moisture, protecting the electrode extension end 2051 from corrosion.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, a transparent conductive layer 1011 is provided in the conductive region 101, and the material of the transparent conductive layer 1011 is fluorine-doped tin oxide or indium tin oxide. It can be understood that since both fluorine-doped tin oxide and indium tin oxide are excellent transparent conductive materials, using any one of them as the transparent conductive layer 1011 can allow most of the sunlight to penetrate into the interior of the perovskite solar cell module, thereby reducing the loss of sunlight during transmission and enabling more sunlight to be converted into electrical energy.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer 1011 is 200 - 500 nm. In the embodiment of the present invention, setting the thickness of the transparent conductive layer 1011 within the range of 200 - 500 nm can not only allow more photons to reach the interior of the perovskite solar cell module 2, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also keep the transparent conductive layer 1011 at a relatively low resistivity, reducing the recombination and loss of electrons during transmission, and improving the charge collection efficiency.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first encapsulant 5 is butyl rubber. In the embodiment of the present invention, by using butyl rubber, the transparent conductive substrate 1 and the cover plate 3 can be tightly bonded together. In this way, not only can the overall stability of the perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure be improved, but also the butyl rubber, the transparent conductive substrate 1, and the cover plate 3 can form a sealing structure for the perovskite solar cell module 2, preventing moisture and oxygen in the external environment from eroding or damaging the internal structure of the perovskite solar cell module 2, thereby effectively enhancing the stability of the perovskite solar cell module 2 and extending the service life of the perovskite solar cell module 2.

[0049] It can be understood that since butyl rubber is a relatively commonly used encapsulant, using butyl rubber to encapsulate the perovskite solar cell module 2 can also reduce the manufacturing cost of the perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the perovskite solar cell module 2 is a reverse perovskite solar cell structure or a normal perovskite solar cell structure.

[0051] Specifically, as Figure 4As shown, when the perovskite solar cell module 2 has a structure of a reverse perovskite solar cell, the perovskite solar cell module 2 includes a hole transport layer 201, a perovskite layer 202, an electron transport layer 203, a passivation layer 204, and an electrode layer 205 stacked in sequence. Among them, the hole transport layer 201 abuts against the conductive region 101, and the electrode layer 205 abuts against the cover plate 3. When the perovskite solar cell module 2 has a structure of a normal perovskite solar cell, the perovskite solar cell module 2 includes an electron transport layer 203, a perovskite layer 202, a hole transport layer 201, and an electrode layer 205 stacked in sequence. Among them, the electron transport layer 203 abuts against the conductive region 101, and the electrode layer 205 abuts against the cover plate 3.

[0052] It can be understood that since the embodiment of the present utility model separately encapsulates the perovskite solar cell module 2 and the electrode extension end 2051 by using the first encapsulant 5, the waterproof performance and oxygen-proof performance of the perovskite solar cell module 2 can be improved. Therefore, whether the perovskite solar cell module 2 adopts a reverse perovskite solar cell structure or a normal perovskite solar cell structure, it can benefit from this encapsulation method to ensure the long-term stable operation of the perovskite solar cell module 2.

[0053] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A perovskite solar cell packaging structure, characterized in that: include: A transparent conductive substrate (1), the upper surface of which is provided with a conductive region (101) and a non-conductive region (102); A perovskite solar cell assembly (2) is arranged in the conductive region (101), the perovskite solar cell assembly (2) comprising an electrode layer (205), the electrode layer (205) having an electrode extension end (2051), and the electrode extension end (2051) is located in the non-conductive region (102); A cover plate (3) is arranged opposite to the transparent conductive substrate (1) and abuts against the electrode layer (205); the cover plate (3) is provided with a through hole (301) suitable for passing an electrode lead (4); the electrode lead (4) in the through hole (301) is suitable for connecting to the electrode extension end (2051); The first packaging glue (5) is located on the peripheral sides of the conductive area (101) and the non-conductive area (102) and at the junction of the conductive area (101) and the non-conductive area (102), and together with the transparent conductive substrate (1) and the cover plate (3) form a space for protecting the perovskite solar cell module (2).

2. The perovskite solar cell packaging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A packaging adhesive film is provided on a side of the electrode layer (205) away from the transparent conductive substrate (1), and the packaging adhesive film is in contact with the first packaging adhesive (5) on the peripheral side of the perovskite solar cell assembly (2).

3. The perovskite solar cell packaging structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The packaging film is one of a polyolefin elastomer film, a polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer film, a polyvinyl butyral film or a butyl film.

4. The perovskite solar cell packaging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode extension end (2051) includes a positive extension end and a negative extension end, and the number of the through holes (301) is at least two, wherein the electrode lead (4) in one of the through holes (301) is suitable for connecting to the positive extension end, and the electrode lead (4) in the other through hole (301) is suitable for connecting to the negative extension end.

5. The perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second packaging glue is provided in the through hole (301).

6. The perovskite solar cell packaging structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second packaging adhesive is UV curing adhesive.

7. The perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A transparent conductive layer (1011) is provided in the conductive area (101), and the material of the transparent conductive layer (1011) is fluorine-doped tin oxide or indium tin oxide.

8. The perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the transparent conductive layer (1011) is 200-500nm.

9. The perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first packaging adhesive (5) is butyl adhesive.

10. The perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The perovskite solar cell assembly (2) is an inverted perovskite solar cell structure or a regular perovskite solar cell structure.

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