Forklift braking system capable of achieving single-wheel braking and forklift

Abstract

The forklift braking system comprises brakes, a foot brake mechanism, a first hand brake mechanism and a second hand brake mechanism, one brake is arranged on each driving front wheel, a pedal in the foot brake mechanism is connected with the brakes on the two driving front wheels at the same time through a hydraulic system, and the first hand brake mechanism is connected with the second hand brake mechanism through a hydraulic system. One pedal controls synchronous braking of the two driving front wheels at the same time, the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism are connected to corresponding independent brakes through two connecting cables respectively, and the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism control braking of the driving front wheels connected with the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism respectively. According to the braking system of the forklift, double-wheel synchronous braking can be achieved, braking of one of the wheels can also be independently controlled, and therefore single-wheel braking is used for getting out of trouble in special situations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a forklift, in particular to a forklift braking system and a forklift capable of single-wheel braking. Background Art

[0002] A forklift is an industrial handling vehicle, referring to various wheeled handling vehicles for loading, unloading, stacking, and short-distance transportation of palletized goods. It is widely used in ports, stations, airports, freight yards, factory workshops, warehouses, distribution centers, etc., for loading, unloading, and handling palletized goods in ship holds, carriages, and containers, and is an essential equipment in pallet transportation. To ensure the safe use of forklifts, like cars, forklifts are also equipped with two sets of braking mechanisms: a foot brake and a hand brake. The foot brake is for driving braking, and the hand brake is for parking braking. Both the foot brake and the hand brake control the simultaneous braking of the two driving front wheels to stop. However, in special sections or special weather conditions, the wheels are prone to slipping and idling, making it difficult to get out of trouble. In this case, one can only rely on external forces to get out of trouble, which affects the work progress and increases the handling cost. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of the above, the utility model provides a forklift braking system and a forklift capable of single-wheel braking. The braking system of the forklift can not only perform double-wheel synchronous braking but also independently control the braking of one of the wheels, so as to get out of trouble by using single-wheel braking in case of special situations.

[0004] The utility model specifically adopts the following technical solutions: A forklift braking system capable of single-wheel braking includes a brake, a foot brake mechanism, a first hand brake mechanism, and a second hand brake mechanism. One brake is provided on each driving front wheel. The pedal in the foot brake mechanism is connected to the brakes on the two driving front wheels through a hydraulic system, and one pedal controls the synchronous braking of the two driving front wheels. The first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism are respectively connected to the corresponding independent brakes through two connecting cables, and the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism respectively control the braking of the driving front wheels connected to them.

[0005] As a further improvement of the utility model, the brake includes a brake drum, brake shoes arranged in the brake drum, and brake pads arranged on the brake shoes. The brake shoes are semi-circular, and two of the brake shoes are symmetrically arranged and movable in the brake drum. One end of the two brake shoes is movably connected, and a wheel cylinder is arranged between the other ends. A lever arm is arranged on the brake shoes.

[0006] As a further improvement of the utility model, the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism have the same structure, and the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism are respectively connected to the lever arms in the brakes through connecting cables.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the hydraulic system is connected to the wheel cylinder through an oil pipe, and the hydraulic system drives the piston in the wheel cylinder to push the brake shoe and the brake pad to frictionally brake the brake drum.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the pedal is connected to the hydraulic system through a push rod.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a spring is also arranged between the two brake shoes.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the brake includes a brake disc, a brake caliper and a brake pad, and the hydraulic system and the connecting cable are connected to the brake caliper.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the connecting cable is a steel cable.

[0012] A forklift has a vehicle body and the above-mentioned forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking. The pedal of the foot brake mechanism is arranged under the front console in the vehicle body, and the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism are arranged side by side on one side in front of the vehicle seat in the vehicle body.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the two front wheels of the forklift are driving wheels, and the two rear wheels of the forklift are steering wheels.

[0014] The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking of the present utility model is configured to be used in a forklift. The foot brake mechanism is used as a service brake. When the pedal is depressed, the two driving front wheels of the forklift are simultaneously braked to control the forklift to stop. The first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism can be used either simultaneously or separately. When parking, both hand brake mechanisms pull the brake to brake the wheels, which can be used to stabilize the vehicle and prevent it from slipping and causing accidents. When the driving front wheels slip due to uneven or rainy and muddy road conditions, the corresponding hand brake is used to brake the slipping tire, forcing the other tire to be driven passively, so that it can easily drive out of the slipping area, improving the forklift's ability to cope with special road conditions and scenarios and enhancing the applicability of the forklift. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the forklift brake system of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the brake in Embodiment 1.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the brake in Embodiment 2.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the forklift in Embodiment 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model, rather than limiting the present utility model. In addition, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present utility model rather than all the structures are shown in the drawings.

[0020] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "arrangement", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. Embodiment 1

[0021] Referring to Figure 1 , a forklift braking system capable of single-wheel braking in this embodiment includes a brake 1, a foot brake mechanism, a first handbrake mechanism 2 and a second handbrake mechanism 3. One brake 1 is provided on each of the driving front wheels. The pedal 4 in the foot brake mechanism is connected to the brakes 1 on two driving front wheels simultaneously through a hydraulic system 5. One pedal 4 controls the synchronous braking of two driving front wheels at the same time. The first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 are respectively connected to the corresponding independent brakes 1 through two connecting cables 6. The connecting cables 6 are steel cables. The first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 respectively control the braking of the driving front wheels they are connected to.

[0022] Combined with reference to Figure 2, the brake 1 of this embodiment includes a brake drum 11, brake shoes 12 arranged inside the brake drum 11, and brake pads 13 arranged on the brake shoes 12. The brake shoes 12 are semi-circular, and a lever arm 15 is arranged on the brake shoes 12. The back plate 111 of the brake drum 11 is fixed on the hub that drives the front wheels, and the brake drum 11 rotates with the wheels. The brake shoes 12 are arranged in the inner cavity of the brake drum 11, with a gap between them and the inner wall of the brake drum 11. Two brake shoes 12 are symmetrically arranged movably in the brake drum 11. One end of the two brake shoes 12 is movably connected to the brake drum 11, and a wheel cylinder 14 is arranged between the other ends of the two brake shoes 12. The hydraulic system 5 is connected to the wheel cylinder 14 through a oil pipe 51. The hydraulic system 5 drives the piston in the wheel cylinder 14 to push the brake shoes 12 and the brake pads 13 to friction against the brake drum 11, and the pedal 4 is connected to the hydraulic system 5 through a push rod 41. During the forklift's travel, when the pedal 4 is depressed, the push rod 41 transmits the mechanical force received by the pedal 4 to the master cylinder in the hydraulic system 5. The master cylinder and the fuel tank in the hydraulic system 5 start to work. The pressurized brake oil will enter the wheel cylinder 14 between the ends of the two brake shoes 12 through the oil pipe 51. Due to Pascal's law, several tons of pressure are generated, forcing the pistons at both ends of the wheel cylinder 14 to expand outwards. The pistons simultaneously squeeze the two brake shoes 12 on both sides, and the brake shoes 12 expand outwards, causing the brake pads 13 to contact and friction against the inner wall of the brake drum 11. When the pedal is depressed, the actions of the brakes on the two driving front wheels are consistent, causing the two front drive wheels to stop synchronously.

[0023] Furthermore, the first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 have the same structure, but the first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 are respectively connected to the lever arm 15 in the brake 1 through a connecting cable 6. When the handbrake is pulled, the lever arm 15 is pulled, causing the brake shoes 12 to expand outwards and contact and friction against the inner wall of the brake drum 11, stopping the driving front wheels. Since the internal combustion counterbalanced forklift is prone to single tire skidding on uneven ground, especially in rainy and muddy road conditions, two auxiliary handbrakes are provided. The first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 respectively control the braking of the two driving front wheels. For example, the first handbrake mechanism 2 specifically brakes the left wheel, and the second handbrake mechanism 3 specifically brakes the right tire. In this way, when a certain tire slips and idles, this tire can be separately braked, forcing the other tire to be driven passively, and thus it can easily drive out of the skidding area.

[0024] In addition, a spring 16 is also connected between the two brake shoes 12. When the pedal 4 or the handbrake is released, the brake shoes 12 contract inwards under the action of the spring 16, causing the brake shoes 12 to quickly separate from the brake drum 11 and return to their original positions, and the driving front wheels resume movement. Embodiment 2

[0025] The difference between the forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking in this embodiment and that in Embodiment 1 lies in the different brake 1. With reference to Figure 3, the brake 1 of this embodiment includes a brake disc 17, a brake caliper 18, and brake pads provided on the brake caliper 18. The hydraulic system 5 and the connecting cable 6 are connected to the brake caliper 18. The brake disc 17 is arranged on the wheel hub that drives the front wheels. During driving, the drive shaft drives the brake disc 17 to rotate together with the tires. When deceleration or stopping is required, the pedal 4 is depressed to apply pressure to the brake fluid in the master cylinder of the hydraulic system 5. This brake fluid is transmitted through the pipeline 51 to the pistons of the brake calipers 18 on each wheel. Subsequently, the pistons of the brake calipers 18 drive the brake pads to clamp the brake disc 17, thereby generating a huge frictional force to decelerate the vehicle to a stop. When the handbrake is pulled, the force directly operates the mechanical structure on the brake caliper 18 through the connecting cable 6, and then drives the brake pads to clamp the brake disc 17 for braking. The foot brake and the handbrake do not interfere with each other, and the first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 brake two wheels respectively without interference. Embodiment 3

[0026] A forklift truck has a vehicle body 7 and the above-mentioned brake system capable of single-wheel braking. The two front wheels of the forklift truck are drive wheels, and the two rear wheels are steering wheels. The pedal 4 of the foot brake mechanism is arranged below the front console 71 inside the vehicle body. The first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 are arranged side by side on one side in front of the seat 72 inside the vehicle body. The two handbrake mechanisms arranged on one side of the seat 72 can be directly operated without the user leaning forward, which is convenient and ergonomic.

[0027] The foot brake mechanism is a commonly used braking method during driving. After the forklift truck stops, the first handbrake mechanism 2 and the second handbrake mechanism 3 can be used simultaneously to stabilize the vehicle and prevent accidents caused by vehicle rolling. Further, when the drive front wheels slip due to uneven or rainy and muddy road conditions, the corresponding handbrake is used to brake the slipping tire, forcing the other tire to be driven passively, so that it can easily get out of the slipping area.

[0028] In addition, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. The understanding of this specification should be based on those skilled in the art of the relevant technical field. Although this specification has described the present invention in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that those skilled in the relevant technical field can still modify the present invention or make equivalent substitutions. All technical solutions and their improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forklift braking system capable of single-wheel braking, characterized in that: It includes a brake, a foot brake mechanism, a first hand brake mechanism and a second hand brake mechanism. The brake is arranged on each driving front wheel. The pedal in the foot brake mechanism is connected to the brakes on the two driving front wheels at the same time through a hydraulic system. One pedal controls the synchronous braking of the two driving front wheels at the same time. The first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism are respectively connected to the corresponding independent brakes through two connecting cables. The first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism each independently control the braking of the driving front wheels connected to themselves.

2. The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake includes a brake drum, a brake shoe arranged in the brake drum, and a brake pad arranged on the brake shoe. The brake shoe is half-moon-shaped. Two brake shoes are symmetrically arranged in the brake drum. One end of the two brake shoes is movably connected, and a wheel cylinder is arranged between the other ends. A lever arm is arranged on the brake shoe.

3. The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism have the same structure, and the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism are each connected to a lever arm in the brake through a connecting cable.

4. The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic system is connected to the wheel cylinder through an oil pipe, and the hydraulic system drives the piston in the wheel cylinder to push the brake shoe and the brake pad to rub the brake drum.

5. The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pedal is connected to the hydraulic system via a push rod.

6. The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring is also arranged between the two brake shoes.

7. The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake comprises a brake disc, a brake caliper and a brake pad, and the hydraulic system and the connecting cable are connected to the brake caliper.

8. The forklift brake system capable of single-wheel braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rope is a steel rope.

9. A forklift, characterized in that: A forklift brake system with single-wheel braking as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is provided, wherein the pedal of the foot brake mechanism is arranged below the front control console in the vehicle body, and the first hand brake mechanism and the second hand brake mechanism are arranged side by side on one side in front of the seat in the vehicle body.

10. The forklift according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two front wheels of the forklift are driving wheels, and the two rear wheels of the forklift are steering wheels.

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