Molten salt electrolysis device with airflow hot curtain salt draining system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a molten salt electrolysis device with an airflow hot curtain salt draining system. The molten salt electrolysis device comprises an electrolysis hearth and an electrode bin communicated with the electrolysis hearth, the air inlet pipe is arranged on the electrode bin; the multiple tail gas pipes are arranged on the electrolysis hearth at intervals; wherein the tail gas pipe is a three-way pipe, and a first port of the tail gas pipe is communicated with the electrolysis hearth; the tail gas main pipe is arranged around the outer part of the electrolysis hearth and is respectively communicated with the second ports of the plurality of tail gas pipes; an exhaust port of the tail gas main pipe is connected with a one-way check valve; the air injection assembly is arranged to be communicated with the third port of the tail gas pipe and is used for forming an airflow heat curtain in the electrode bin; the gas injection assembly comprises an annular pipe which is arranged around the outer portion of the electrode bin and communicates with the third ports of the multiple tail gas pipes. An air extractor is connected between the third port and the annular pipe; and the multiple gas ejector pipes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the electrode bin at intervals, one ends of the gas ejector pipes communicate with the annular pipe, and the other ends of the gas ejector pipes face the center of the electrode bin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry metallurgy, and particularly relates to a molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system. Background Art

[0002] Molten salt electrolysis is an important branch of electrochemistry metallurgy and is commonly used in the extraction and purification processes of metals such as aluminum, titanium, vanadium, and rare earths. Among them, molten salt electrolyte is an important medium for molten salt electrolysis, mainly including unitary or multi-component mixed molten salts such as NaCl, KCl, LiCl, MgCl2, CsCl, NaF, KF, CaO, Na2CO3, Li2CO3, etc. The melting temperature is generally above 400°C, and the highest can exceed 1000°C. In the actual molten salt electrolysis process, to ensure smooth operation of the working conditions, the molten salt electrolyte has good fluidity, and the electrolysis temperature higher than the melting temperature of the molten salt is often implemented. The electrolysis products precipitate at the cathode; the cathode deposition products have slightly different morphologies according to different metal varieties. The deposition products of rare metals such as vanadium and titanium generally nucleate and grow in the form of dendrites or irregular blocky particles, and there are a large number of pores in the product deposition layer. When collecting the deposits at the end of electrolysis, the cathode needs to be taken out of the molten salt electrolyte. After the cathode leaves the molten salt, a large amount of molten salt electrolyte is still infiltrated or wrapped in the product deposition layer, resulting in salt entrainment, which has a serious impact on the subsequent treatment of the product, product purity, and equipment corrosion. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of this, some embodiments disclose a molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system, including:

[0004] An electrolysis furnace chamber;

[0005] An electrode chamber, which is arranged to communicate with the electrolysis furnace chamber and is located above the electrolysis furnace chamber. A cathode is arranged in the electrode chamber;

[0006] An inlet gas pipe, which is arranged on the electrode chamber and is used to input a protective gas into the electrolysis furnace chamber;

[0007] There are multiple tail gas pipes, and the multiple tail gas pipes are arranged at intervals on the electrolysis furnace chamber and are used to discharge the protective gas in the electrolysis furnace chamber; among them, the tail gas pipe is a three-way pipe, and the first port of the tail gas pipe is arranged to communicate with the electrolysis furnace chamber;

[0008] A tail gas main pipe, which is arranged to surround the outside of the electrolysis furnace chamber and is respectively communicated with the second ports of the multiple tail gas pipes; the tail gas main pipe is provided with an exhaust port, and a one-way check valve is arranged at the exhaust port;

[0009] A jet component, which is arranged to communicate with the third port of the tail gas pipe and is used to form an air flow thermal curtain in the electrode chamber; the jet component includes:

[0010] The annular pipe is arranged around the outside of the electrode chamber and is respectively communicated with the third ports of a plurality of tail gas pipes; an air extraction device is connected between the third ports and the annular pipe;

[0011] There are a plurality of jet pipes; the plurality of jet pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the electrode chamber, one end of the jet pipe is communicated with the annular pipe, and the other end of the jet pipe faces the center of the electrode chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, in the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the plurality of jet pipes are arranged at equal intervals, and the ends of the plurality of jet pipes form a channel suitable for the cathode to pass through in the electrode chamber.

[0013] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the jet pipe arranged to face the center of the electrode chamber extends downward, and the included angle between the jet pipe and the horizontal plane is 30° to 60°.

[0014] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, a plurality of jet orifices are arranged at the end of the jet pipe facing the center of the electrode chamber.

[0015] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the jet pipe is composed of an arrangement of a plurality of small jet pipes.

[0016] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the plurality of small jet pipes are arranged along the axial direction of the electrode chamber.

[0017] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the number of the small jet pipes is set to be 2 to 5.

[0018] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the included angle between adjacent jet pipes is set to be 30° to 90°.

[0019] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the electrode is connected to an electrode rod, and the electrode rod is connected to a braking motor, and the braking motor is used to drive the electrode rod to move along the axial direction of the electrode chamber.

[0020] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, in the electrode chamber, the installation position of the jet pipe is higher than the first port of the tail gas pipe.

[0021] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in the embodiments of the present utility model, the tail gas is communicated to the annular pipe through the tail gas pipe, and then is sprayed onto the sediment layer on the surface of the cathode through the jet pipe communicated with the annular pipe, and the electrolyte salt in the sediment layer is melted by using the waste heat of the tail gas and is blown into the lower electrolysis furnace chamber, so as to fully utilize the waste heat of the tail gas to improve the purity of the cathode product, and it has a good application prospect in the field of molten salt electrolysis. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system for some embodiments;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a jet component for some embodiments.

[0024] Reference Numerals in the Drawings

[0025] 1 Tail gas pipe 2 Exhaust device

[0026] 3 Annular pipe 4 Jet pipe

[0027] 5 Jet component 6 Tail gas main pipe

[0028] 7 Check valve 8 Inlet pipe

[0029] 100 Cathode 101 Deposited product

[0030] 102 Electrode rod 103 Brake motor

[0031] 104 Electrolysis furnace 105 Molten salt electrolyte

[0032] 106 Electrode chamber Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The special term "embodiment" here, any embodiment described as "exemplary" does not have to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. For the performance index tests in the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the conventional test methods in the art are adopted. It should be understood that the terms described herein are only for describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the content disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the test methods and technical means not otherwise specifically noted in the present invention refer to the experimental methods and technical means commonly adopted by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0035] As used herein, the terms "substantially" and "about" are used to describe minor fluctuations. For example, they can refer to less than or equal to ±5%, such as less than or equal to ±2%, such as less than or equal to ±1%, such as less than or equal to ±0.5%, such as less than or equal to ±0.2%, such as less than or equal to ±0.1%, such as less than or equal to ±0.05%. Numerical data presented or expressed herein in a range format is used only for convenience and brevity and should therefore be interpreted flexibly as including not only the values explicitly listed as the bounds of the range, but also all individual values or sub-ranges included within that range. For example, a numerical range of "1 to 5%" should be interpreted as including not only the explicitly listed values of 1% to 5%, but also individual values and sub-ranges within the indicated range. Thus, individual values such as 2%, 3.5%, and 4% are included in this numerical range, as well as sub-ranges such as 1% to 3%, 2% to 4%, and 3% to 5%, etc. This principle also applies to ranges that list only one numerical value. In addition, such an interpretation applies regardless of the width of the range or the characteristics described.

[0036] As used herein, including in the claims, conjunctions such as "comprising", "including", "carrying", "having", "containing", "involving", "accommodating", etc. are understood to be open-ended, that is, meaning "including but not limited to". Only the conjunctions "consisting of" and "composed of" are closed conjunctions.

[0037] For a better illustration of the content of the present utility model, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model can also be implemented without certain specific details. In the embodiments, some methods, means, instruments, devices, etc. well-known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the gist of the present utility model.

[0038] On the premise of no conflict, the technical features disclosed in the embodiments of the present utility model can be arbitrarily combined, and the obtained technical solutions belong to the content disclosed in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 shown, the molten salt electrolysis device having an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system includes:

[0040] An electrolysis furnace chamber 104; generally, the electrolysis furnace chamber 104 has a cylindrical inner cavity for arranging a molten salt electrolyte 105;

[0041] An electrode chamber 106 is arranged to communicate with the electrolysis furnace chamber 104 and is located above the electrolysis furnace chamber 104. A cathode 100 is arranged in the electrode chamber 106; the cathode 100 is fixedly connected to an electrode rod 102, and the electrode rod 102 is further connected to a braking motor 103; a deposition product 101 is deposited on the surface of the cathode 100; generally, the electrode chamber is cylindrical;

[0042] The air inlet pipe 8 is arranged on the electrode bin 106, and is used to input the protective gas into the electrolytic furnace; the air inlet pipe 8 is usually arranged and fixed on the upper part of the electrode bin 106, and is fixed to the electrode bin 106 by welding or other methods, and inputs the protective gas into the electrode bin 106 and the electrolytic furnace 104; the electrolytic furnace 104 is provided with a heating device, which is used to heat the molten salt electrolyte 105 arranged in the electrolytic furnace 104;

[0043] A plurality of tail gas pipes 1 are provided, and the plurality of tail gas pipes 1 are arranged at intervals on the electrolysis furnace 104, and are used to discharge the protective gas in the electrolysis furnace 104; the tail gas pipe 1 is usually arranged and fixed on the side wall of the electrolysis furnace 104, and its position is higher than the liquid level of the molten salt electrolyte 105; wherein the tail gas pipe 1 can be a three-way pipe, and the first port of the tail gas pipe is arranged to communicate with the inside of the electrolysis furnace 104;

[0044] The tail gas main pipe 6 is arranged around the outside of the electrolytic furnace 104 and is respectively connected to the second ports of the plurality of tail gas pipes 1; the tail gas main pipe 6 is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is provided with a one-way check valve 7; the tail gas discharged from the tail gas pipe 1 enters the tail gas main pipe 6 for collection, and finally is discharged through the exhaust port of the tail gas main pipe; the one-way check valve 7 is used to control the one-way outflow of the tail gas to prevent external air from entering the electrolytic furnace 104;

[0045] The jet assembly 5 is arranged to communicate with the third port of the tail gas pipe 1, and is used to form an airflow heat curtain in the electrode chamber 106; the jet assembly 5 includes:

[0046] The annular tube 3 is arranged to surround the outside of the electrode chamber 106 and is connected to the third ports of the plurality of tail gas pipes 1 respectively; an exhaust device 2 is arranged and connected between the third ports and the annular tube 3;

[0047] There are multiple jet pipes 4, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the electrode bin, one end of the jet pipe 4 is connected to the ring pipe 3, and the other end of the jet pipe 4 faces the center of the electrode bin 106. Usually, the jet pipe 4 is arranged in the radial direction of the electrode bin and arranged in a reflective arc shape; the multiple jet pipes arranged radially form a channel in the central area for the cathode to pass through; the channel is usually of a suitable size to ensure that the cathode with the deposition product deposited thereon passes through the middle.

[0048] In some embodiments, the angle between adjacent jet tubes is set to be 30-90°. Generally, the angle between the jet tubes is related to the number of the jet tubes. For example, when six jet tubes are provided, the angle between the jet tubes is 60°.

[0049] In some embodiments, a gas jet is arranged toward the center of the electrode chamber and extends downward, and the angle between the gas jet and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees. The outlet of the gas jet faces downward at a certain angle, which is conducive to the dripping of the blown molten salt into the electrolysis furnace.

[0050] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, the jet component includes an annular pipe 3 and eight jet pipes arranged to communicate with the annular pipe 3. The jet pipes 4 are arranged to pass through the electrode chamber, gradually converge towards the central area of the electrode chamber, and are arranged around the cathode 100 and the deposition product 101.

[0051] In some embodiments, a plurality of jet openings are provided at the end of the jet pipe facing the center of the electrode chamber. The plurality of jet openings are conducive to forming a jet air flow with a larger area, which is conducive to heating the deposition product and improving the heating efficiency.

[0052] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the jet pipe is composed of a plurality of small jet pipes arranged. The jet pipe composed of a plurality of small jet pipes is equivalent to having a plurality of small jet openings, which is also conducive to heating the deposition product and improving the heating efficiency.

[0053] In some disclosed embodiments, the plurality of small jet pipes are arranged along the axial direction of the electrode chamber.

[0054] In some disclosed embodiments, the number of small jet pipes is set to 2 - 5.

[0055] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, the electrode is arranged to be connected to the electrode rod, and the electrode rod is arranged to be connected to the braking motor. The braking motor is used to drive the electrode rod to move along the axial direction of the electrode chamber.

[0056] In the molten salt electrolysis device with an air flow thermal curtain salt draining system disclosed in some embodiments, in the electrode chamber, the installation position of the jet pipe is higher than the first port of the tail pipe.

[0057] Generally, during the electrolysis process, the deposition product gradually grows on the cathode surface, forming a product deposition layer with a thickness ranging from 1 to 30 cm. The thickness of this deposition layer is affected by parameters such as the electrolysis time. After the electrolysis is completed, the braking motor is started, and the cathode rod and the cathode are driven to move upward through the lead screw transmission rod fixed on the inner wall of the electrode chamber. When the entire cathode completely leaves the molten salt electrolyte liquid level, the braking motor stops immediately, and the cathode remains stationary in the constant temperature zone. At this time, the air extraction device is started, and the hot tail gas, which is much higher than the melting point of the molten salt and has a large amount of waste heat, is drawn through the tail gas pipe to the jet assembly. At this time, the one-way check valve closes to cut off the contact between the tail gas pipe and the outside world, preventing external air from entering the electrolysis furnace and introducing impurities. After passing through the jet assembly, the hot tail gas forms a hot curtain gas flow with high flow velocity and high heat around the cathode product, and this hot curtain gas flow blows onto the electrodeposited product on the cathode surface. Generally, the flow velocity of the hot curtain gas can be set between 500 and 20,000 sccm, and the pressure in the jet pipe is controlled between 0.8 and 1.5 atmospheres. The hot curtain scouring formed by the hot curtain gas flow accelerates the flow of the molten salt remaining in the product deposition layer and drips back into the electrolysis furnace. After the hot curtain-assisted salt draining by the gas flow is completed, the air extraction device is closed and acts as a check valve to prevent gas backflow, while the one-way check valve of the tail gas automatically senses the internal pressure of the electrolysis furnace and opens to release the tail gas.

[0058] The molten salt electrolysis device with a hot curtain salt draining system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention connects the tail gas to the annular pipe through the tail gas pipe, and then sprays it onto the sediment layer on the cathode surface through the jet pipe connected to the annular pipe. The waste heat of the tail gas is used to melt the electrolyte salt in the sediment layer and blow it into the lower electrolysis furnace, making full use of the waste heat of the tail gas to improve the purity of the cathode product, and having good application prospects in the field of molten salt electrolysis.

[0059] The technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention and the technical details disclosed in the embodiments are only exemplary explanations of the inventive concept of the present invention, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Any conventional changes, substitutions, or combinations made to the technical details disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention have the same inventive concept as the present invention and are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A molten salt electrolysis device with an airflow heat curtain salt-draining system, characterized in that: include: Electrolytic furnace; An electrode bin is arranged to be in communication with the electrolysis furnace and is located above the electrolysis furnace. A cathode is arranged in the electrode bin. An air inlet pipe, arranged on the electrode chamber, for inputting protective gas into the electrolysis furnace; A plurality of tail gas pipes are provided, and the plurality of tail gas pipes are arranged at intervals on the electrolysis furnace, and are used to discharge the protective gas in the electrolysis furnace; wherein the tail gas pipe is a three-way pipe, and the first port of the tail gas pipe is arranged to be connected to the electrolysis furnace; A tail gas main pipe is arranged around the outside of the electrolytic furnace and is respectively connected with the second ports of the plurality of tail gas pipes; the tail gas main pipe is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is provided with a one-way check valve; The jet assembly is arranged to communicate with the third port of the tail gas pipe and is used to form an airflow heat curtain in the electrode chamber; the jet assembly includes: An annular tube is arranged to surround the outside of the electrode chamber and is respectively connected to the third ports of the plurality of tail gas pipes; an exhaust device is arranged and connected between the third ports and the annular tube; There are multiple jet tubes; the multiple jet tubes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the electrode bin, one end of the jet tube is arranged to be connected to the ring tube, and the other end of the jet tube is toward the center of the electrode bin.

2. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of gas injection tubes are arranged at equal intervals, and the ends of the plurality of gas injection tubes form a channel in the electrode chamber that is suitable for the cathode to pass through.

3. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air jet pipe is arranged toward the center of the electrode chamber and extends downward, and an angle between the air jet pipe and a horizontal plane is 30 to 60 degrees.

4. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end of the gas injection pipe facing the center of the electrode chamber is provided with a plurality of gas injection ports.

5. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air jet pipe is composed of a plurality of small air jet pipes arranged in an array.

6. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of small air injection tubes are arranged along the axial direction of the electrode chamber.

7. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the small air jet pipes is set to 2-5.

8. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between adjacent air jet pipes is set to 30-90 degrees.

9. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode is connected to an electrode rod, and the electrode rod is connected to a brake motor. The brake motor is used to drive the electrode rod to move axially along the electrode chamber.

10. The molten salt electrolysis device with airflow heat curtain salt-draining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the electrode chamber, the air injection pipe is arranged at a position higher than the first port of the tail gas pipe.

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