Energy storage device and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to an energy storage device and an energy storage system. The energy storage device comprises a battery and a box body provided with a first wall, the battery is arranged in a containing space of the box body, the first wall comprises a first base layer, a heat insulation layer and a second base layer which are sequentially arranged, and the conduction speed of heat inside and outside the box body can be reduced due to the arrangement of the first wall. The first wall can reduce the outward conduction speed of heat and fire inside the box body, so that the spread time of the fire is prolonged, and the thermal runaway and the spread of the fire are delayed; when the external environment is overheated, for example, thermal runaway or fire occurs in other surrounding energy storage devices, the first wall can reduce the speed of external heat and fire spreading towards the interior of the box body, so that the tolerance temperature of the energy storage device is increased, the heat resistance is improved, the thermal stability of the energy storage device is higher, and the service life of the energy storage device is prolonged. The use reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to an energy storage device and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the aggravation of problems such as global energy shortage, pollution, and uneven power development, it is necessary to efficiently utilize more new energy for power generation. In order to better store electricity and alleviate the power consumption contradiction, energy storage devices have emerged.

[0003] An energy storage device usually includes a box body, batteries stored in the box body, a controller, etc. During the charging and discharging process of the batteries, the temperature will rise. In abnormal situations, the batteries in the box body may experience thermal runaway and cause a fire inside the box body. When a fire occurs inside a certain energy storage device, the heat will spread to the surrounding energy storage devices, causing overheating and even ignition of a large area of energy storage devices in the energy storage system, resulting in damage to the energy storage system and inability to operate normally.

[0004] The above statements are only used to provide background technical information related to this application, and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide an energy storage device and an energy storage system, including but not limited to solving the technical problem that when a certain energy storage device in the energy storage system experiences thermal runaway and catches fire, the heat and fire spread to the surrounding energy storage devices, resulting in an enlarged area of thermal runaway.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is:

[0007] In a first aspect, an energy storage device is provided, including:

[0008] A box body having an accommodation space;

[0009] Wherein, the box body includes a first wall provided on at least one side of the accommodation space. The first wall includes a first base layer, a second base layer, and a heat insulation layer. The first base layer is connected to the second base layer, and the heat insulation layer is provided between the first base layer and the second base layer.

[0010] For the energy storage device according to the embodiments of the present application, at least one side of the accommodation space of the box body is provided with a first wall, which improves the heat insulation performance of the box body. The first wall can reduce the heat conduction speed of the box body. On the one hand, when the battery, controller, etc. in the accommodation space of the box body of a certain energy storage device overheat or catch fire, the first wall can reduce the outward conduction speed of the heat and fire inside the box body, thereby prolonging the spread time of the fire and reducing the impact of the out-of-control heat or on-fire energy storage device on other surrounding energy storage devices and structures, so as to delay the spread of thermal runaway and fire. On the other hand, when the external environment of the energy storage device of the present application is overheated, for example, when other surrounding energy storage devices experience thermal runaway or catch fire, the first wall can reduce the speed of the external heat and fire spreading into the box body, thereby reducing the impact of the external heat of the box body on the internal battery and other structures of the box body, which is equivalent to increasing the temperature tolerance of the energy storage device, improving the heat resistance ability, making the energy storage device have higher thermal stability and improved use reliability.

[0011] In some embodiments, in the temperature range of 25°C to 1100°C, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer is between 0.035 (W / m·K) and 0.045 (W / m·K).

[0012] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, in the temperature range of 25°C to 1100°C, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer is controlled between 0.035 (W / m·K) and 0.045 (W / m·K), that is, a material with a relatively low thermal conductivity is selected to make the heat insulation layer. Thus, in the above temperature range, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer can be controlled between 0.035 (W / m·K) and 0.045 (W / m·K). In this way, the heat insulation layer has a relatively small thermal conductivity, a large thermal resistance, and a slow heat transfer speed, so that heat is difficult to pass through the heat insulation layer, thereby slowing down heat transfer and improving the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, the heat insulation layer is a nano heat insulation layer.

[0014] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the heat insulation layer is a layer structure made of nano heat insulation material. Nano heat insulation material refers to a material in which the particle size of the constituent material is in the nanometer level, or a material containing a certain proportion of nanometer-level particles. Nano heat insulation material is a type of nano material with a relatively low thermal conductivity, relatively low thermal radiation ability of the material, relatively small volume density of the material so that the material has a relatively low heat conduction ability, and relatively weak air convection inside the material so that the heat convection inside the material is relatively weak.

[0015] In some embodiments, the nano heat insulation layer includes at least one of a nano silicon layer and a nano carbon fiber layer.

[0016] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first wall has a good heat insulation effect.

[0017] In some embodiments, the nano heat insulation layer is a nano silica layer, and the particle size of the nano silica in the nano silica layer is 20nm - 40nm.

[0018] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the layer structure made of nano silica powder within this particle size range has a relatively small volume density, weak heat conduction ability, and the particle size range is much lower than the mean free path of air, which can effectively reduce the air convection of the powder itself, weaken the heat convection inside the layer structure, and thus make the manufactured nano silicon heat insulation layer have excellent and stable heat insulation ability.

[0019] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is greater than the thickness of either the first base layer or the second base layer.

[0020] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is greater than the thickness of the first base layer and greater than the thickness of the second base layer. The heat insulation layer has a relatively large thickness, so that the first wall can have excellent heat insulation performance.

[0021] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is at least one - half of the thickness of the first wall.

[0022] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, more than half of the structure in the first wall is a heat insulation layer structure, so that the first wall can have excellent heat insulation performance.

[0023] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is greater than or equal to 20mm.

[0024] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, with the heat insulation layer of this thickness, the first wall has excellent fire - resistance ability and a relatively long fire - resistance time.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first wall further includes a thermal insulation layer. A thermal insulation layer is provided between the first base layer and the heat insulation layer, and / or a thermal insulation layer is provided between the second base layer and the heat insulation layer.

[0026] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, by providing a thermal insulation layer between the heat insulation layer and the first base layer, or by providing a thermal insulation layer between the heat insulation layer and the second base layer, the heat insulation and heat preservation effect of the first wall can be further improved. At the same time, the thermal insulation layer can be made of materials with relatively low cost. Compared with using only high - cost materials to make the heat insulation layer, stacking a thermal insulation layer on the surface of the heat insulation layer can not only improve the heat insulation effect but also help reduce the production cost.

[0027] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation layer is less than that of the thermal insulation layer.

[0028] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer is set to be greater than that of the heat insulation layer. In this way, materials with relatively large thermal conductivity can be selected to make the thermal insulation layer, which not only improves the thermal insulation effect of the first wall but also helps to reduce costs.

[0029] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation layer includes at least one of a rock wool layer and a foam layer.

[0030] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the thermal insulation layer has a good thermal insulation effect.

[0031] In some embodiments, reinforcing ribs are provided in the thermal insulation layer, and the reinforcing ribs are connected to the first base layer or the second base layer adjacent to the thermal insulation layer.

[0032] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, by providing reinforcing ribs in the thermal insulation layer, on the one hand, without increasing the thickness of the thermal insulation layer, the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs can increase the structural strength and rigidity of the thermal insulation layer, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the thermal insulation layer caused by external force impact; on the other hand, the reinforcing ribs are connected between the heat insulation layer and the base layer adjacent to the thermal insulation layer to support the heat insulation layer, thereby effectively reducing the risk of deformation caused by uneven stress due to the difference in wall thickness between the heat insulation layer, the thermal insulation layer and the base layer, and at the same time improving the anti-external force impact ability of the heat insulation layer and enhancing the overall strength and rigidity of the first wall.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first base layer, the heat insulation layer, the thermal insulation layer, and the second base layer are arranged in sequence, and the first wall further includes a fastener, and the fastener passes through the first base layer and the heat insulation layer and is connected to the reinforcing rib;

[0034] Alternatively, the first base layer, the thermal insulation layer, the heat insulation layer, and the second base layer are arranged in sequence, and the first wall further includes a fastener, and the fastener passes through the second base layer and the heat insulation layer and is connected to the reinforcing rib.

[0035] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, by setting the fastener to be connected to the reinforcing rib, the heat insulation layer can be reliably connected between the first base layer and the second base layer, and the connection structure is simple and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0036] In some embodiments, one end of the fastener is provided with a cap portion, the cap portion is located on the side of the corresponding first base layer or the second base layer facing away from the heat insulation layer, and a heat insulation pad is clamped between the cap portion and the corresponding first base layer or the second base layer.

[0037] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, a cap portion is provided at the end of the fastener exposed outside the first wall, and a heat insulation pad is clamped between the cap portion and the corresponding base layer. The heat insulation pad can effectively block the heat, thereby reducing the heat conducted through the fastener and further improving the heat insulation effect of the first wall.

[0038] In some embodiments, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is greater than the thickness of either the first base layer or the second base layer, and less than the thickness of the heat insulation layer.

[0039] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, that is, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is between the thickness of the base layer and the thickness of the heat insulation layer, using the thermal insulation layer with this thickness range can not only ensure the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer, but also ensure that the first wall can have enough space to set the heat insulation layer.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first wall further includes a refractory layer, and the refractory layer covers the surface of the first base layer facing away from the heat insulation layer, and / or the refractory layer covers the surface of the second base layer facing away from the heat insulation layer.

[0041] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, covering the refractory layer on at least one surface of the first wall facing or facing away from the accommodation space can further improve the fire resistance of the first wall.

[0042] In some embodiments, the refractory layer includes at least one of an intumescent fireproof coating layer and an aerogel layer.

[0043] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the refractory layer has a reliable fireproof effect.

[0044] In some embodiments, the thickness of the refractory layer is 0.1 mm to 3 mm.

[0045] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, setting the thickness of the refractory layer within this thickness range can not only effectively improve the fire resistance of the first wall, but also will not cause a large increase in the manufacturing cost of the box body.

[0046] In some embodiments, both the first base layer and the second base layer are metal layers.

[0047] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, both the first base layer and the second base layer are made of metal materials. The metal materials have relatively large structural strength and rigidity, which can play a good role in protecting the intermediate heat insulation layer. On the other hand, the metal layer can also provide an attachment point for the refractory layer on its surface.

[0048] In some embodiments, the box body has a top wall and a bottom wall arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of side walls arranged between the top wall and the bottom wall. At least one of the top wall, the bottom wall and the side walls is the first wall.

[0049] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, setting part or all of the wall surfaces of the box body as the first wall, and the first wall is located at the position of the box body where fire protection is required, so that the heat conduction speed of the box body can be reduced at the necessary position of the box body, thereby effectively blocking heat and flames.

[0050] In a second aspect, an energy storage system is provided, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned energy storage devices.

[0051] For the energy storage system according to the embodiments of the present application, by using the above-mentioned energy storage device, the first wall of the box body provided in each energy storage device can reduce the heat conduction speed inside and outside the box body. When a certain energy storage device undergoes thermal runaway or catches fire, it can effectively delay the thermal runaway or the spread of the fire, reduce the risk that the entire energy storage system undergoes thermal runaway due to the thermal runaway or fire of a single energy storage device, and improve the thermal stability and use reliability of the energy storage system.

[0052] Since the energy storage system according to the embodiments of the present application includes the above-mentioned energy storage device, it at least includes all the other beneficial effects of the above-mentioned energy storage device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application are specifically given below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the energy storage device shown;

[0057] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first wall of the box body of the energy storage device provided by an embodiment;

[0058] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first wall of the box body of the energy storage device provided by another embodiment;

[0059] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first wall of the box body of the energy storage device provided by still another embodiment;

[0060] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the first wall of the box body of the energy storage device provided by yet another embodiment;

[0061] Figure 7Cross-sectional view of the first wall of the box of the energy storage device provided for another embodiment;

[0062] Figure 8 For Figure 7 View of the thickness relationship of each structural layer of the first wall shown;

[0063] Figure 9 For Figure 7 Test result diagram of the fire resistance test on the first wall specimen shown;

[0064] Figure 10 Structural diagram of the energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure:

[0066] 1, energy storage device;

[0067] 2, power converter;

[0068] 3, load;

[0069] 10, box; 101, first part; 102, second part;

[0070] 11, accommodation space;

[0071] 12, first wall; 121, first base layer; 122, second base layer; 123, heat insulation layer; 124, fire resistant layer; 125, heat preservation layer; 126, reinforcing rib; 1261, first connection end; 1262, second connection end; 127, fastener; 1271, cap part; 1272, heat insulation pad;

[0072] 13, bottom wall;

[0073] 14, top wall;

[0074] 15, side wall. Detailed implementation manners

[0075] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application clearer and more understandable, the following further details the present application in conjunction with the attached Figures 1 to 10 Embodiments are further described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0076] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above accompanying drawings description are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0077] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0078] Reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least some embodiments of the present application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments in any suitable manner.

[0079] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: the sole existence of A, the simultaneous existence of A and B, and the sole existence of B. Additionally, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0080] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces). The meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0081] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0082] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "coupling", "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it may also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0083] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0084] With the exacerbation of global energy shortages, pollution, uneven power development and other problems, it is necessary to efficiently utilize more new energy. In order to better store electricity and alleviate the contradiction in power consumption, energy storage device technology has emerged and is widely used in large ships, the photovoltaic industry, energy storage in communication base stations, etc., playing an important role in the popularization and application of clean energy.

[0085] In related technologies, an energy storage device generally includes a box body and batteries, controllers, etc. disposed inside the box body. The batteries are used to store and release electric energy, and the controllers are used to control the charging and discharging of the batteries and monitor the state of the batteries. Heat is generated during the charging and discharging of the batteries and the use of the controllers. When thermal runaway occurs in the batteries inside the box body, or when the heat accumulation inside the box body exceeds a certain threshold, it may lead to thermal runaway of the energy storage device and even cause a fire. Taking the battery as an example, in a battery, a battery cell is the smallest unit that makes up the battery. When the temperature inside the battery cell exceeds a certain threshold, a series of uncontrollable chemical reactions will occur in the electrode assembly inside the battery cell, resulting in a short circuit and electrolyte combustion inside the battery cell, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery cell, causing the battery cell to catch fire, leading to thermal runaway and even ignition of the battery, and further causing thermal runaway of the energy storage device and resulting in a fire. Since an energy storage system generally includes multiple energy storage devices arranged in a matrix in close proximity, if a certain energy storage device undergoes thermal runaway or catches fire, the heat or fire generated will quickly radiate and spread to the surrounding energy storage devices, causing the surrounding energy storage devices to be thermally baked and the temperature to continue to rise. Once heated to a temperature higher than the threshold, it will in turn cause thermal runaway of the surrounding energy storage devices. Therefore, enhancing the thermal radiation isolation between the thermal runaway energy storage device and the surrounding energy storage devices has become an important means to prevent the spread of thermal runaway.

[0086] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device. The box body of the energy storage device is provided with a first wall, and the first wall includes a first base layer, a second base layer, and a heat insulation layer disposed between the first base layer and the second base layer. The first wall can reduce the heat conduction speed between the inside and outside of the box body. When the battery, controller, etc. in a certain energy storage device overheat or catch fire, the first wall can reduce the outward conduction speed of the heat and fire inside the box body, thereby prolonging the spread time of the fire and reducing the impact of the out-of-control or burning energy storage device on other surrounding energy storage devices and structures, so as to delay the spread of thermal runaway and fire; and when the external environment overheats, for example, when other surrounding energy storage devices experience thermal runaway or catch fire, the first wall can also reduce the speed of the external heat and fire spreading into the box body, thereby reducing the impact of the external heat of the box body on the internal battery and other structures of the box body, which is equivalent to increasing the temperature tolerance of the energy storage device and enhancing the heat resistance ability. The energy storage device has higher thermal stability and improved use reliability.

[0087] The energy storage device described in the embodiment of the present application can be an energy storage cabinet or an energy storage container. The energy storage device can be applied to various energy storage systems. Among them, the energy storage system can be but is not limited to being applied on the power side, the grid side, the user side, etc. Among them, the power side can include renewable energy grid connection, the grid side can include grid transmission and distribution and ancillary services, and the user side can include families or industrial parks, etc.

[0088] In this embodiment, the energy storage device includes a box body, and the box body has an accommodation space inside. The energy storage device also includes a battery, a controller, a sensor, etc. disposed in the accommodation space. Among them, the battery is the core part of the energy storage device. The battery is used to directly store and release electrical energy, and the quality and performance of the battery directly affect the energy storage efficiency and life of the energy storage device. The controller is mainly used to control the charging and discharging of the battery and detect the state of the battery. Usually, the controller has functions such as charging protection, temperature protection, coordinated current balance, and data detection, and is a regulating component of the energy storage device. The sensor is used to detect the various states of the energy storage device in real time, including but not limited to the environmental states such as the temperature and humidity inside the box body, and various usage states of the battery, etc. The sensor feeds the detected data back to the controller so that the controller can optimize the charging and discharging of the battery, and is also used to prompt obvious changes in the internal environment of the box body, etc.

[0089] The box body is the outer shell of the energy storage device, and it has an accommodation space to accommodate the battery, controller, etc., so as to protect the internal battery and other components. The box body can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength, and the box body needs to have a certain fire prevention and explosion prevention ability. Currently, the box body is often made of materials such as steel, aluminum, and fiberglass.

[0090] Hereinafter, Figures 1 to 8 in conjunction with the accompanying

[0091] In the embodiments of the present application, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the energy storage device 1 includes a box body 10 and a battery, the box body 10 is provided with a accommodating space 11, and the battery is arranged in the accommodating space 11; wherein, the box body 10 includes a first wall 12 arranged on at least one side of the accommodating space 11, the first wall 12 includes a first base layer 121, a second base layer 122 and a heat insulation layer 123, the first base layer 121 is connected to the second base layer 122, and the heat insulation layer 123 is arranged between the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122.

[0092] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the housing 10 is provided with a receiving space 11, which means that the housing 10 is a hollow structure with a certain space inside to accommodate other structures. In this embodiment, the energy storage device 1 also includes a battery, which is arranged in the receiving space 11 of the housing 10. There can be multiple batteries, and the multiple batteries can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that multiple batteries are both connected in series and in parallel. The battery can be in the form of a battery module composed of multiple battery cells connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection; or, the battery can also be a battery pack with a closed housing.

[0093] Wherein, in some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures. Exemplarily, the box 10 can include a first part 101 and a second part 102, the first part 101 and the second part 102 cover each other, and the first part 101 and the second part 102 jointly define a storage space 11 for accommodating batteries and the like. Exemplarily, the first part 101 can be a hollow structure with at least one side open, and the second part 102 can be a plate-like structure, and the second part 102 covers the opening position of the first part 101, so that the first part 101 and the second part 102 jointly define the storage space 11, and the second part 102 can rotate relative to the first part 101 to open or close the opening of the first part 101, so that the structure of the battery and the like can enter the box 10 through the opening or move out of the storage space 11. The opening can also be used for operators to enter and exit the box 10.

[0094] Among them, the box body 10 can be divided into multiple types according to the installation form. For example, it includes a ground-mounted box body 10 that is entirely installed in the ground space, a semi-underground box body 10 that is partially installed below the ground, or an underground box body 10 that is entirely installed below the ground, etc. Among them, for the ground-mounted box body 10, the first part 101 and the second part 102 of the box body 10 are all exposed in the ground space, and the requirements for the heat insulation and fire prevention performance of the box body 10 are the highest; for the semi-underground box body 10, part of the box body 10 is buried below the ground, and the part of the box body 10 below the ground can improve the heat insulation and fire prevention performance through the ground elevation part, and the fire prevention ability of the part of the box body 10 above the ground is poor; for the underground box body 10, the box body 10 is basically entirely buried below the ground, and the opening position of the first part 101 is exposed for the entry and exit of structures such as batteries and operators, and the second part 102 becomes the position where the thermal runaway is most likely to spread throughout the box body 10.

[0095] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the box body 10 including the first wall 12 provided on at least one side of the accommodation space 11 means that the box body 10 includes the first wall 12. The first wall 12 can be a part of the structure of the box body 10 or the entire structure of the box body 10; the first wall 12 is provided on one side of the accommodation space 11, or the first wall 12 is provided on multiple sides of the accommodation space 11, or the first wall 12 surrounds the entire accommodation space 11. Exemplarily, for the ground-mounted box body 10, the first wall 12 constitutes the whole box body 10, that is, the first wall 12 surrounds the entire accommodation space 11, thereby improving the heat insulation and fire prevention capabilities at various positions of the box body 10; for the semi-underground box body 10, the first wall 12 can be provided on the side of the part of the accommodation space 11 above the ground, that is, the first wall 12 semi-surrounds the accommodation space 11, thereby improving the heat insulation and fire prevention capabilities at various positions of the part of the box body 10 above the ground; for the underground box body 10, the first wall 12 can be provided at the opening position of the box body 10. For example, the second part is set as the first wall 12, thereby improving the heat insulation and fire prevention capabilities at the opening position of the box body 10.

[0096] In this embodiment, the first wall 12 includes a first base layer 121, a second base layer 122, and a heat insulation layer 123. The heat insulation layer 123 is disposed between the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122, and the first base layer 121 is connected to the second base layer 122. Among them, the first base layer 121 can be directly or indirectly connected to the second base layer 122. For example, the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 are connected at the peripheral positions. The first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 form a box-shaped structure, and the heat insulation layer 123 is encapsulated in the box-shaped structure formed by the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122. For another example, the first base layer 121 can be connected to the second base layer 122 by a fastener 127, and the fastener 127 passes through the heat insulation layer 123 to connect the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122. For yet another example, the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 can be respectively bonded to the heat insulation layer 123, or the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 can be respectively coated on the surface of the heat insulation layer 123 to achieve the connection.

[0097] The heat insulation layer 123 refers to a structure with heat insulation ability, and the heat insulation layer 123 is made of heat insulation materials. Exemplarily, the heat insulation materials can be, for example, glass fiber materials, polysilicon materials, nano-silicon materials, nano-carbon fiber materials, or other types of aerogel materials, etc.

[0098] For the energy storage device 1 according to the embodiment of the present application, at least one side of the accommodating space 11 of the box body 10 is provided with a first wall 12, and the heat preservation and heat insulation performance of the box body 10 is improved. The first wall 12 can reduce the heat conduction speed of the box body 10. On the one hand, when the batteries, controllers, etc. in the accommodating space 11 of the box body 10 of a certain energy storage device 1 are overheated or on fire, the first wall 12 can reduce the outward conduction speed of the heat and fire inside the box body 10, thereby prolonging the spread time of the fire and reducing the influence of the energy storage device 1 with thermal runaway or on fire on other surrounding energy storage devices 1 and structures, so as to delay the spread of thermal runaway and fire; on the other hand, when the external environment of the energy storage device 1 of the present application is overheated, for example, when other surrounding energy storage devices 1 experience thermal runaway or on fire, the first wall 12 can reduce the speed of the external heat and fire spreading into the box body 10, thereby reducing the influence of the external heat of the box body 10 on the internal structures such as the batteries in the box body 10. This is equivalent to increasing the tolerance temperature of the energy storage device 1 and improving the heat resistance ability. The energy storage device 1 has higher thermal stability and improved use reliability.

[0099] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, the box body 10 has a top wall 14 and a bottom wall 13 that are oppositely arranged, and a side wall 15 disposed between the top wall 14 and the bottom wall 13. At least one of the top wall 14, the bottom wall, and the side wall 15 is the first wall 12.

[0100] Thus, part or all of the walls of the box body 10 are set as the first wall 12, and the first wall 12 is located at the position of the box body 10 where fire prevention is required, so that the heat conduction speed of the box body 10 can be reduced at the necessary positions of the box body 10, thereby effectively blocking heat and flames.

[0101] In this embodiment, the top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 and the side walls 15 enclose to form an accommodation space 11. The top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 and part of the side walls 15 form the first part 101 of the box body 15. The position part of the box body 10 between the top wall 14 and the bottom wall 13 is open, and part of the side walls 15 form the second part 102 of the box body 10.

[0102] In a specific embodiment, the top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 and the side walls 15 of the box body 10 are all the first wall 12. Exemplarily, for the ground box body 10, the top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 and the side walls 15 can all be set as the first wall 12, that is, the first wall 12 constitutes the whole box body 10, and the first wall 12 surrounds the entire accommodation space 11.

[0103] Thus, all the walls of the box body 10 are set as the first wall 12, and the first wall 12 surrounds the accommodation space 11, so that the heat conduction speed in all directions of the box body 10 can be reduced, and heat and flames can be effectively blocked in all directions of the box body 10.

[0104] In other embodiments, for the underground box body 10, the side wall 15 arranged at the opening position of the box body 10 is set as the first wall 12, so as to improve the heat preservation and fire prevention capabilities at the opening position of the box body 10.

[0105] In another embodiment, part of the top wall 14 and the side walls 15 of the box body 10 are the first wall 12. Exemplarily, for the semi-underground box body 10, the top wall 14 of the box body 10 located above the ground and the part of the side walls 15 located above the ground can be set as the first wall 12, that is, the first wall 12 semi-surrounds the accommodation space 11 above the ground, so as to improve the heat preservation and fire prevention capabilities at each position of the part of the box body 10 located above the ground.

[0106] In other embodiments, when one or more of the top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 or the side walls 15 have fire prevention requirements, the walls with fire prevention requirements among the corresponding top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 or the side walls 15 can be set as the first wall 12, so as to specifically improve the fire prevention ability at the positions of the box body 10 with fire prevention requirements, so as to effectively block heat and flames.

[0107] In some embodiments, when the temperature range is between 25°C and 1100°C, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 is between 0.035 (W / m·K) and 0.045 (W / m·K).

[0108] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 is a physical quantity used to measure the ability of the heat insulation layer 123 to conduct heat. The magnitude of the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 varies depending on the material used for the heat insulation layer 123. Generally, the smaller the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123, the slower the heat transfer rate of the heat insulation layer 123 and the greater the thermal resistance, which means that heat can pass through the heat insulation layer 123 more slowly, enabling it to better maintain the temperature. Therefore, in cases where heat preservation is required or the speed of heat conduction in the material needs to be reduced, materials with a small thermal conductivity are required to make the heat insulation layer 123, so that heat is difficult to pass through the heat insulation layer 123, thereby slowing down heat transfer and improving the heat preservation effect.

[0109] Among them, the unit of thermal conductivity is usually watts per meter per Kelvin (W / m·K). The thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 can be measured through experiments. Exemplarily, it can be measured by the steady-state hot plate method (such as ASTM D5470) or by the transient plane heat source method (such as ISO 22007-2), etc.

[0110] In this embodiment, when the temperature range is from 25°C to 1100°C, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 is controlled between 0.035 (W / m·K) and 0.045 (W / m·K), that is, materials with a relatively low thermal conductivity are selected to make the heat insulation layer 123, so that within the above temperature range, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 can be controlled between 0.035 (W / m·K) and 0.045 (W / m·K). Thus, the heat insulation layer 123 has a relatively small thermal conductivity, a large thermal resistance, and a slow heat transfer rate, so that heat is difficult to pass through the heat insulation layer 123, thereby slowing down heat transfer and improving the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer 123.

[0111] In a specific embodiment, when the temperature range is from 25°C to 1100°C, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 can be 0.035 (W / m·K), 0.036 (W / m·K), 0.037 (W / m·K), 0.038 (W / m·K), 0.039 (W / m·K), 0.040 (W / m·K), 0.041 (W / m·K), 0.042 (W / m·K), 0.043 (W / m·K), 0.044 (W / m·K), or 0.045 (W / m·K), etc. This embodiment does not uniquely limit the value of the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123, and it can be selected according to needs during design.

[0112] In some embodiments, the heat insulation layer 123 is a nano heat insulation layer 123.

[0113] That is, the heat insulation layer 123 is a layer structure made of nano heat insulation materials.

[0114] In this embodiment, the nano thermal insulation material refers to a material in which the particle size of the constituent material is in the nanometer range, or a material containing a certain proportion of nanometer-sized particles. The nano thermal insulation material is a type of nano material with a relatively low thermal conductivity. The thermal radiation ability of the material is relatively low, the bulk density of the material is small, resulting in a relatively low heat conduction ability of the material, and the air convection inside the material is weak, resulting in weak heat convection inside the material. For example, an aerogel composite thermal insulation material or a nano powder compression composite material can be used to make the nano thermal insulation layer 123 of this embodiment.

[0115] In some embodiments, the nano thermal insulation layer 123 may include at least one of a nano silicon layer and a nano carbon fiber layer.

[0116] Wherein, when the thermal insulation layer 123 includes multiple material layers, the multiple material layers are stacked.

[0117] In a specific embodiment, the nano thermal insulation layer 123 may be a nano silicon layer. Among them, the nano silicon layer refers to a silicon material in which the particle size of the constituent layer structure is in the nanometer range, or a silicon material in which the layer structure contains a certain proportion of nanometer-sized particles.

[0118] In some embodiments, the nano silicon thermal insulation layer 123 is a nano silicon dioxide layer.

[0119] In this embodiment, the nano silicon dioxide layer refers to a silicon dioxide material in which the particle size of the constituent layer structure is in the nanometer range; or a silicon dioxide material in which the layer structure contains a certain proportion of nanometer-sized particles.

[0120] Exemplarily, the nano silicon dioxide layer can adopt a layer structure made by adding a certain proportion of other functional materials to a silicon dioxide substrate. Among them, the other functional materials can be light-shielding materials or structural reinforcement materials, etc. Among them, the added structural reinforcement materials can increase the structural strength of the layer structure, while the added light-shielding materials can effectively reduce thermal radiation to weaken the thermal radiation ability of the layer structure, so that the made nano silicon thermal insulation layer 123 has excellent and stable thermal insulation ability.

[0121] Exemplarily, for example, silicon dioxide, a light-shielding material, and reinforcing fibers can be mixed in a certain proportion and then pressed to form a layer structure. For example, a plate can be pressed from a mixture of 65%-70% silicon dioxide, 20%-30% light-shielding material, and 5%-10% reinforcing fibers.

[0122] In some embodiments, the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide in the nano silicon dioxide layer is 20nm to 40nm. That is, a nano silicon dioxide layer is made of nano silicon dioxide with a powder particle size in the range of 20nm - 40nm, so as to obtain the thermal insulation layer 123.

[0123] In this way, the volume density of the layer structure made of nano-silica powder within this particle size range is relatively small, the heat conduction ability is weak, and the particle size range is much lower than the mean free path of air, which can effectively reduce the air convection of the powder itself and weaken the heat convection inside the layer structure.

[0124] In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the nano-silica in the nano-silica layer can be 20nm, 22nm, 24nm, 25nm, 26nm, 28nm, 30nm, 32nm, 34nm, 35nm, 36nm, 38nm, or 40nm, etc. This embodiment does not uniquely limit the particle size value of the nano-silica in the nano-silica layer, and it can be selected according to needs during design.

[0125] In other embodiments, the nano-insulation layer 123 can be a nano-carbon fiber layer. Among them, the nano-carbon fiber layer means that the particle size of the carbon fiber material constituting the layer structure is at the nano-scale, or it means that the layer structure contains a certain proportion of nano-scale particles of carbon fiber material. Nano-carbon fiber refers to carbon nanofibers formed by nano-carbon materials in which at least one dimension of the dispersed phase scale is less than 100nm. For example, the nano-carbon fiber layer can be acrylonitrile nano-carbon fiber or pitch nano-carbon fiber, etc.

[0126] In another embodiment, the nano-insulation layer 123 can also be a composite material layer formed by laminating a nano-silicon insulation layer 123 and a nano-carbon fiber layer. That is, the nano-insulation layer 123 simultaneously contains nano-silicon insulation material and nano-carbon fiber material.

[0127] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, the first wall 12 further includes a thermal insulation layer 125. A thermal insulation layer 125 is provided between the first base layer 121 and the insulation layer 123, and / or a thermal insulation layer 125 is provided between the second base layer 122 and the insulation layer 123.

[0128] In this embodiment, by providing a thermal insulation layer 125 between the insulation layer 123 and the first base layer 121, and / or by providing a thermal insulation layer 125 between the insulation layer 123 and the second base layer 122, the thermal insulation effect of the first wall 12 is further improved. At the same time, the thermal insulation layer 125 can be made of materials with relatively low costs. Compared with the insulation layer 123 made of high-cost materials alone, laminating the thermal insulation layer 125 on the surface of the insulation layer 123 not only improves the insulation effect but also helps to reduce the production cost.

[0129] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, the thermal insulation layer 125 can be arranged between the first base layer 121 and the heat insulation layer 123. In specific use, the first base layer 121 can be arranged away from the storage space 11 of the box body 10. When thermal runaway or fire occurs inside the box body 10, the side of the first base layer 121 away from the storage space 11 is the back-fire side (such as Figure 4 The side where the arrow F2 is located), that is, the heat insulation layer 123 faces the fire-facing side (such as Figure 4 In this way, the heat insulation layer 123 provides a first layer of insulation for the heat inside the box body 10, and the thermal insulation layer 125 provides a second layer of insulation for the heat, thereby effectively delaying the heat inside the box body 10 and the flame from passing through the box body 10 to spread outward.

[0130] Of course, in other usage scenarios, the first base layer 121 can also be set toward the storage space 11 of the box body 10. When thermal runaway or fire occurs outside the box body 10, the side of the first base layer 121 facing the storage space 11 is the back-to-fire side, and the side of the second base layer 122 away from the storage space 11 is the front-to-fire side. In this way, the insulation layer 123 provides a first layer of isolation for the heat outside the box body 10, and the thermal insulation layer 125 provides a second layer of isolation for the heat, thereby effectively prolonging the time for the external heat and flame of the box body 10 to pass through the box body 10.

[0131] In other embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the heat preservation layer 125 can be arranged between the second base layer 122 and the heat insulation layer 123. In specific use, the second base layer 122 can also be arranged toward the receiving space 11 of the box body 10. When thermal runaway or fire occurs outside the box body 10, the side of the second base layer 122 facing the receiving space 11 is the back-fire side (such as Figure 5 The side where the arrow F1 is located is the fire-facing side (eg, Figure 5 In this way, the heat insulation layer 123 provides a first layer of insulation for the heat outside the box body 10, and the thermal insulation layer 125 provides a second layer of insulation for the heat, thereby effectively extending the time for the external heat of the box body 10 and the flame to pass through the box body 10.

[0132] Of course, in other usage scenarios, the second base layer 122 can be set away from the storage space 11 of the box body 10. When thermal runaway or fire occurs inside the box body 10, the side of the first base layer 121 facing the storage space 11 is the fire-facing side, and the side of the second base layer 122 away from the storage space 11 is the fire-resistant side. In this way, the insulation layer 123 provides a first layer of isolation for the heat inside the box body 10, and the thermal insulation layer 125 provides a second layer of isolation for the heat, thereby effectively delaying the heat and flame inside the box body 10 from spreading outward through the box body 10.

[0133] In other embodiments, a thermal insulation layer 125 may also be provided between the first base layer 121 and the heat insulation layer 123. At the same time, a thermal insulation layer 125 is also provided between the second base layer 122 and the heat insulation layer 123. That is, thermal insulation layers 125 are provided on both opposite sides of the heat insulation layer 123 to further improve the heat preservation and heat insulation effects of the first wall 12.

[0134] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 123 is less than that of the thermal insulation layer 125.

[0135] Thus, by setting the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 125 to be greater than that of the heat insulation layer 123, materials with a relatively large thermal conductivity can be selected to make the thermal insulation layer 125. While improving the heat preservation and heat insulation effects of the first wall 12, it also helps to reduce costs.

[0136] In this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 125 can be measured through experiments. Exemplarily, it can be measured by the steady-state hot plate method (such as ASTM D5470), or by the transient plane heat source method (such as ISO 22007-2), etc.

[0137] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation layer 125 includes at least one of a rock wool layer and a foam layer. Wherein, when the thermal insulation layer 125 includes multiple material layers, the multiple material layers are stacked.

[0138] In a specific embodiment, the thermal insulation layer 125 may be a rock wool layer.

[0139] In this embodiment, the rock wool uses high-quality basalt, dolomite, etc. as the main raw materials. After being melted at high temperature, it is centrifuged into fibers at high speed by a four-axis centrifuge. At the same time, a certain amount of binder, dust-proof oil, and water-repellent agent are sprayed in, and then collected by a cotton collecting machine. Through the pendulum method process, after three-dimensional cotton laying, it is cured and cut to form products of different specifications and uses, which have good heat preservation and heat insulation performance.

[0140] In other embodiments, the thermal insulation layer 125 may be a foam thermal insulation layer 125. For example, the thermal insulation layer 125 is made of heat-insulating foam, etc.

[0141] In another embodiment, the thermal insulation layer 125 may also be a composite material layer formed by laminating a rock wool layer and a foam layer. That is, the thermal insulation layer 125 contains both rock wool material and foam material at the same time.

[0142] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, reinforcing ribs 126 are provided in the thermal insulation layer 125, and the reinforcing ribs 126 are connected to the first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122 adjacent to the thermal insulation layer 125.

[0143] Understandably, the first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122 adjacent to the thermal insulation layer 125 means that when the thermal insulation layer 125 is disposed between the heat insulation layer 123 and the first base layer 121, the first base layer 121 is adjacent to the thermal insulation layer 125, and when the thermal insulation layer 125 is disposed between the second base layer 122 and the heat insulation layer 123, the second base layer 122 is adjacent to the thermal insulation layer 125.

[0144] In this embodiment, reinforcing ribs 126 are provided in the thermal insulation layer 125. On the one hand, without increasing the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 125, the provision of the reinforcing ribs 126 can increase the structural strength and rigidity of the thermal insulation layer 125, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the thermal insulation layer 125 caused by external impact; on the other hand, the reinforcing ribs 126 are connected between the heat insulation layer 123 and the base layer (the first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122) adjacent to the thermal insulation layer 125, that is, the reinforcing ribs 126 are disposed between the first wall 12 and the base layer (the first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122) along the thickness direction of the first wall 12, which can play a role in supporting the heat insulation layer 123, thereby effectively reducing the deformation risk caused by stress unevenness due to the difference in wall thickness between the heat insulation layer 123, the thermal insulation layer 125 and the base layer (the first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122), and at the same time improving the ability of the heat insulation layer 123 to resist external impact and enhancing the overall strength and rigidity of the first wall 12. Wherein, in this embodiment, the thickness direction of the heat insulation layer 123 is Figure 5 the direction indicated by the double-headed arrow F3 in the figure.

[0145] In a specific embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 126 are structures with relatively high hardness and strength. For example, the reinforcing ribs 126 can be made of iron, steel or carbon steel.

[0146] In a specific embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 126 can be structures with a "Ji" - shaped cross - section, or the reinforcing ribs 126 can be structures with a "Hui" - shaped cross - section.

[0147] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the first base layer 121, the heat insulation layer 123, the thermal insulation layer 125, and the second base layer 122 are arranged in sequence, and the first wall 12 further includes a fastener 127, and the fastener 127 passes through the first base layer 121, the heat insulation layer 123 and is connected to the reinforcing ribs 126.

[0148] Or, in other embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the first base layer 121, the thermal insulation layer 125, the heat insulation layer 123, and the second base layer 122 are arranged in sequence, and the first wall 12 further includes a fastener 127, and the fastener 127 passes through the first base layer 121, the heat insulation layer 123 and is connected to the reinforcing ribs 126.

[0149] Thus, by setting the fastener 127 to be connected to the reinforcing rib 126, the heat insulation layer 123 can be reliably connected between the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122. The connection structure is simple and the operation is simple and convenient. Moreover, when using the fastener 127 to penetrate the heat insulation layer 123 to connect the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122, the reinforcing rib 126 does not penetrate the heat insulation layer 123. The heat conduction volume of the fastener 127 is smaller than that of the reinforcing rib 126, and the heat conduction ability of the fastener 127 is weakened. Therefore, the risk of poor heat insulation effect caused by the formation of a cold and heat bridge by the reinforcing rib 126 in the first wall 12 can also be reduced.

[0150] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the reinforcing rib 126 has a first connection end 1261 and a second connection end 1262. The first connection end 1261 abuts against the heat insulation layer 123, the second connection end 1262 is connected to the first base layer 121, and the second base layer 122, the heat insulation layer 123 and the first connection end 1261 are connected by the fastener 127; or, the second connection end 1262 is connected to the second base layer 122, and the first base layer 121, the heat insulation layer 123 and the first connection end 1261 are connected by the fastener 127.

[0151] Among them, as Figure 5 shown, when the heat preservation layer 125 is arranged between the second base layer 122 and the heat insulation layer 123, the second connection end 1262 is connected to the second base layer 122, and the first base layer 121, the heat insulation layer 123 and the first connection end 1261 are connected by the fastener 127. In this embodiment, the second connection end 1262 can be welded or screwed to the second base layer 122, and the first base layer 121, the heat insulation layer 123 and the first connection end 1261 are tightly connected by the fastener 127, so as to fixedly connect the heat insulation layer 123 between the second base layer 122 and the first base layer 121. Moreover, when using the fastener 127 to penetrate the heat insulation layer 123 to connect the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122, the reinforcing rib 126 does not penetrate the heat insulation layer 123. The heat conduction volume of the fastener 127 is smaller than that of the reinforcing rib 126, and the heat conduction ability of the fastener 127 is weakened. Therefore, the risk of poor heat insulation effect caused by the formation of a cold and heat bridge by the reinforcing rib 126 in the first wall 12 can also be reduced.

[0152] In other embodiments, as Figure 6As shown, when the heat insulation layer 125 is disposed between the first base layer 121 and the heat insulation layer 123, the second connection end 1262 is connected to the first base layer 121, and the second base layer 122, the heat insulation layer 123, and the first connection end 1261 are connected by a fastener 127. Among them, the second connection end 1262 can be welded or screwed to the first base layer 121, and the second base layer 122, the heat insulation layer 123, and the first connection end 1261 are firmly connected by the fastener 127, so as to fixedly connect the heat insulation layer 123 between the second base layer 122 and the first base layer 121. Thus, the fastener 127 penetrates through the heat insulation layer 123 to connect the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122, the reinforcing rib 126 does not penetrate through the heat insulation layer 123, the heat-conducting volume of the fastener 127 is smaller than the heat-conducting volume of the reinforcing rib 126, and the heat-conducting ability of the fastener 127 is weakened, thereby also being able to reduce the risk of the heat insulation effect deteriorating due to the formation of a cold and heat bridge in the first wall 12 by arranging the reinforcing rib 126.

[0153] In a specific embodiment, the fastener 127 can be a rivet, a screw, etc.

[0154] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, one end of the fastener 127 is provided with a cap portion 1271, and the cap portion 1271 is located on the side of the corresponding first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123, and a heat insulation pad 1272 is clamped between the cap portion 1271 and the corresponding first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122.

[0155] In this embodiment, one end of the fastener 127 is connected to the first connection end 1261, and along the thickness direction of the first wall 12, the opposite end of the fastener 127 penetrates through the corresponding first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122, and the opposite end of the fastener 127 is provided with a cap portion 1271, and a heat insulation pad 1272 is clamped between the cap portion 1271 and the corresponding first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122.

[0156] Among them, the thickness direction of the heat insulation pad 1272 refers to the direction shown by the double-headed arrow F3 in Figure 5 .

[0157] In this embodiment, it can be understood that the opposite end of the fastener 127 penetrating through the corresponding first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122 means that when the heat insulation layer 125 is disposed between the first base layer 121 and the heat insulation layer 123, one end of the fastener 127 is connected to the first connection end 1261 of the reinforcing rib 126, and the opposite end of the fastener 127 penetrates through the second base layer 122; when the heat insulation layer 125 is disposed between the second base layer 122 and the heat insulation layer 123, one end of the fastener 127 is connected to the first connection end 1261 of the reinforcing rib 126, and the opposite end of the fastener 127 penetrates through the first base layer 121.

[0158] In this embodiment, it can be understood that the heat insulation pad 1272 is sandwiched between the cap portion 1271 and the corresponding first base layer 121 or second base layer 122, which means that when the heat insulation layer 125 is disposed between the first base layer 121 and the heat insulation layer 123, the opposite end of the fastener 127 penetrates through the second base layer 122, and the heat insulation pad 1272 is sandwiched between the cap portion 1271 and the second base layer 122; when the heat insulation layer 125 is disposed between the second base layer 122 and the heat insulation layer 123, the opposite end of the fastener 127 penetrates through the first base layer 121, and the heat insulation pad 1272 is sandwiched between the cap portion 1271 and the first base layer 121.

[0159] Thus, a cap portion 1271 is provided at the end of the fastener 127 exposed outside the first wall 12, and a heat insulation pad 1272 is sandwiched between the cap portion 1271 and the corresponding base layer (the first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122). The heat insulation pad 1272 can effectively block the heat, thereby reducing the heat conducted through the fastener 127 and further improving the heat insulation effect of the first wall 12.

[0160] In a specific embodiment, the heat insulation pad 1272 can be a gasket structure made of a material with heat insulation ability. For example, it can be made of heat insulation rubber, heat insulation silica gel, etc.

[0161] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the first wall 12 further includes a refractory layer 124, and the refractory layer 124 covers the surface of the first base layer 121 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123, and / or the refractory layer 124 covers the surface of the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123.

[0162] In this embodiment, the refractory layer 124 is covered on at least one surface of the first wall 12 facing or facing away from the accommodation space 11, so as to further improve the fire resistance of the first wall 12.

[0163] In a specific embodiment, when the side of the first base layer 121 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 is the fire-facing surface, the refractory layer 124 is covered on the surface of the first base layer 121 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 to improve the fire resistance of the first base layer 121 and reduce the risk of the flame penetrating the first base layer 121, thereby achieving the purpose of delaying the spread of the fire. Exemplarily, when the first base layer 121 is disposed facing the accommodation space 11 of the box body 10 and a fire is likely to occur inside the box body 10, covering the refractory layer 124 on the surface of the first base layer 121 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 can further delay the thermal runaway and the spread of the fire inside the box body 10.

[0164] In other embodiments, when the side of the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 is the fire-facing surface, a refractory layer 124 is covered on the surface of the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123, so as to improve the fire resistance of the second base layer 122 and reduce the risk of the flame penetrating through the second base layer 122, thereby achieving the purpose of delaying the spread of fire. Exemplarily, when the second base layer 122 is arranged facing away from the accommodation space 11 of the box body 10 and a fire is likely to occur outside the box body 10, covering the refractory layer 124 on the surface of the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 can further delay the thermal runaway and the inward spread of fire outside the box body 10.

[0165] In other embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, when the sides of the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 are both fire-facing surfaces, refractory layers 124 are covered on the surfaces of the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123, so as to improve the fire resistance of the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 simultaneously.

[0166] In some embodiments, the refractory layer 124 includes at least one of an intumescent fireproof coating layer and an aerogel layer.

[0167] In a specific embodiment, the refractory layer 124 is an intumescent fireproof coating layer. Among them, the intumescent fireproof coating is a type of coating with good bonding strength, which can stably bond and cover the surface of the base layer (the first base layer 121 and / or the second base layer 122). When exposed to high temperature, it can expand and foam to form a dense and hard structural layer, thereby delaying the spread of heat to the interior.

[0168] In a specific embodiment, the refractory layer 124 can be a composite layer of epoxy resin and carbon fiber. Exemplarily, the composite material of epoxy resin and carbon fiber can be carbon wrapped with epoxy resin. Such materials will release the carbon agent therein after being exposed to high temperature to form a carbonized layer on the surface of the epoxy resin, so as to utilize the thermal stability and heat insulation characteristics of the carbonized layer to extend the fire resistance time, making the refractory layer 124 have stable and reliable heat insulation and fire resistance capabilities.

[0169] In other embodiments, the refractory layer 124 can also be an aerogel layer. Aerogel has excellent heat insulation ability. Using aerogel to make the refractory layer 124 can effectively achieve heat insulation. Exemplarily, the refractory layer 124 can be a silica aerogel layer, a germanium oxide aerogel layer, or a carbide aerogel, etc.

[0170] In other embodiments, the refractory layer 124 can also be a composite layer formed by laminating an intumescent fireproof coating layer and an aerogel layer.

[0171] In some embodiments, both the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 are metal layers. That is, both the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 are made of metal materials.

[0172] On the one hand, the metal material has relatively large structural strength and rigidity, which can play a good protective role for the intermediate heat insulation layer 123, and can also improve the structural strength of the heat insulation layer 123; on the other hand, the metal layer can also provide attachment points for the refractory layer 124 on its surface.

[0173] In a specific embodiment, the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 can be carbon steel layers or aluminum alloy layers.

[0174] Exemplarily, the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 can be carbon steel skin layers. The carbon steel skin can wrap the internal heat insulation layer 123 to provide mechanical protection for the heat insulation layer 123, so that the heat insulation layer 123 can still have good structural integrity under high temperature conditions, and also provide attachment points for the refractory layer 124 on its surface.

[0175] In other embodiments, the first base layer 121 can also be a non-metal material layer, such as a carbon fiber layer, a silicon dioxide layer, etc., and the second base layer 122 can also be a non-metal material layer, such as a carbon fiber layer, a silicon dioxide layer, etc.

[0176] In a specific embodiment, the materials of the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 can be the same, which is convenient for processing and mass production. Of course, according to different specific usage environments, the material of the first base layer 121 can also be set to be different from that of the second base layer 122. This embodiment does not uniquely limit the materials of the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122.

[0177] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 123 is greater than the thickness of either the first base layer 121 or the second base layer 122. That is, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 123 is greater than the thickness of the first base layer 121 and greater than the thickness of the second base layer 122. The heat insulation layer 123 has a relatively large thickness so that the first wall 12 can have excellent heat insulation performance.

[0178] In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the first base layer 121 can be equal to the thickness of the second base layer 122, which is convenient for processing and mass production. Of course, according to different specific usage environments, the thickness of the first base layer 121 can also be set to be different from that of the second base layer 122. This embodiment does not uniquely limit the thicknesses of the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122.

[0179] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, the thickness d1 of the heat insulation layer 123 is at least one-half of the thickness D of the first wall 12.

[0180] That is, more than half of the structure in the first wall 12 is the structure of the heat insulation layer 123, so that the first wall 12 can have excellent heat insulation performance.

[0181] In some embodiments, the thickness d1 of the heat insulation layer 123 is greater than or equal to 20 mm. With the heat insulation layer 123 of this thickness, the first wall 12 has excellent fire resistance ability and a relatively long fire resistance time.

[0182] Exemplarily, when the heat insulation layer 123 is a nano-silicon layer, the 20-mm-thick heat insulation layer 123 can meet the 2H fire resistance limit (which means that the heat insulation layer 123 can withstand at least 2 hours in a high-temperature environment without obvious changes or damage).

[0183] It can be understood that the thickness d1 of the heat insulation layer 123 can be greater than 20 mm, and as the thickness of the heat insulation layer 123 increases, the fire resistance ability of the heat insulation layer 123 improves and the fire resistance time is relatively extended.

[0184] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, the thickness of the heat preservation layer 125 is greater than the thickness of any one of the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122 and less than the thickness of the heat insulation layer 123. That is, the thickness d2 of the heat preservation layer 125 is between the thickness of the base layer (the thickness d3 of the first base layer 121 and the thickness d4 of the second base layer 122) and the thickness d1 of the heat insulation layer 123. With the heat preservation layer 125 in this thickness range, it can not only ensure the heat preservation and insulation effect of the heat preservation layer 125, but also ensure that the first wall 12 can have enough space to set the heat insulation layer 123.

[0185] In a specific embodiment, the thickness d1 of the heat insulation layer 123 can be values such as 20 mm, 22 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, 28 mm, 30 mm, 31 mm, 32 mm, 34 mm or 35 mm and above, etc. This embodiment does not uniquely limit the thickness value of the heat insulation layer 123, and it can be selected according to needs during design.

[0186] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, the thickness d5 of the fire-resistant layer 124 is 0.1 mm to 3 mm.

[0187] In this embodiment, setting the thickness d5 of the fire-resistant layer 124 within this thickness range can not only effectively improve the fire resistance ability of the first wall 12, but also will not cause a substantial increase in the manufacturing cost of the box body 10.

[0188] In a specific embodiment, the thickness d5 of the refractory layer 124 may be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.8 mm or 3 mm, etc. This embodiment does not uniquely limit the thickness value of the refractory layer 124, and it can be selected according to needs during design.

[0189] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 , Figure 8 . The energy storage device 1 includes a box body 10. The box body 10 has a top wall 14 and a bottom wall 13 that are oppositely arranged, and side walls 15 arranged between the top wall 14 and the bottom wall 13. The top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 and the side walls 15 enclose an accommodation space 11. The top wall 14, the bottom wall 13 and the side walls 15 are all the first walls 12. The first wall 12 includes a first base layer 121, a second base layer 122, a heat insulation layer 123, a heat preservation layer 125 and a refractory layer 124. The heat insulation layer 123 is arranged between the first base layer 121 and the second base layer 122. The heat preservation layer 125 is arranged between the first base layer 121 and the heat insulation layer 123. The refractory layer 124 covers the surface of the first base layer 121 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 and the surface of the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123. Among them, the first base layer 121 is arranged facing away from the accommodation space 11, and the side of the first base layer 121 facing away from the accommodation space 11 is the back fire surface (such as Figure 7 the side indicated by the arrow F2 in Figure 7 ), the second base layer 122 is arranged facing the accommodation space 11, and the side of the second base layer 122 facing the accommodation space 11 is the fire-facing surface (such as Figure 7 the side indicated by the arrow F1 in

[0190] . Among them, as Figure 8As shown, the thickness D of the first wall 12 is 40 mm, the thickness d1 of the heat insulation layer 123 is 20 mm, the thickness d2 of the thermal insulation layer 125 is 16 mm, the thicknesses d3 of the first base layer 121 and d4 of the second base layer 122 are 1 mm respectively, and the thickness d5 of the refractory layer 124 is 2 mm.

[0191] During actual production, the first wall 12 of this embodiment can be roughly manufactured in the following steps: Provide the first base layer 121, weld the reinforcing ribs 126 on the first base layer 121, fill the gaps between the reinforcing ribs 126 with rock wool to form the thermal insulation layer 125, then cover and press the heat insulation layer 123 in the form of a plate on the surface of the thermal insulation layer 125 facing away from the first base layer 121, then cover the second base layer 122 on the surface of the heat insulation layer 123 facing away from the thermal insulation layer 125, then use riveting to pass through the second base layer 122, the heat insulation layer 123 and rivet with the reinforcing ribs 126, and finally apply the refractory layer 124 on the surface of the first base layer 121 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123 and the surface of the second base layer 122 facing away from the heat insulation layer 123, and the refractory layer 124 covers the cap portion 1271 of the rivet.

[0192] Furthermore, the first wall specimen of this embodiment is subjected to a fire resistance test in accordance with EN 1363-1:2020 and EN 1364-1:2015, and the performance of the specimen is evaluated in accordance with the integrity and heat insulation standards specified in Clause 11 of EN 1363-1:2020. The fire resistance performance of the specimen is judged according to the heat insulation and integrity standards specified in the standard. The test results are as Figure 9 shown, according to Figure 9 it can be known that when the test time of the first wall specimen of this embodiment does not exceed 120 minutes, the average temperature rise on the back fire side is at most 110 °C, the maximum temperature rise on the back fire side does not exceed 180 °C, and the first wall specimen shows excellent fire resistance performance.

[0193] Finally, as Figure 10 shown, another embodiment of the present application further provides an energy storage system, which includes a plurality of energy storage devices 1 of any of the above embodiments.

[0194] Among them, it can be understood that the energy storage system refers to a system composed of a combination of multiple energy storage devices 1. Exemplarily, it can include a plurality of energy storage devices 1, as well as equipment such as a matching control system, charge and discharge system, and grid interface. The energy storage system can realize various different types of energy storage functions, and through the mutual cooperation of multiple energy storage devices 1, it can realize higher-performance energy storage functions. Exemplarily, through the combination of the energy storage device 1 and the power converter 2, the energy storage system can realize efficient power regulation, so as to stably and reliably supply power to the load 3.

[0195] In the energy storage system of this embodiment, by using the above-mentioned energy storage device 1, the first wall of the box body of each energy storage device 1 can reduce the heat conduction speed inside and outside the box body. When a certain energy storage device 1 has a thermal runaway or catches fire, it can effectively delay the thermal runaway or the spread of the fire, reduce the risk of the overall thermal runaway of the energy storage system caused by the thermal runaway or fire of a single energy storage device 1, and improve the thermal stability and use reliability of the energy storage system.

[0196] In addition, since the energy storage system of the embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned energy storage device 1, it at least includes all other beneficial effects of the above-mentioned energy storage device 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0197] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: A box body, having a containing space; A battery is disposed in the accommodation space; The box body includes a first wall arranged on at least one side of the accommodating space, the first wall includes a first base layer, a second base layer and a heat insulation layer, the first base layer is connected to the second base layer, and the heat insulation layer is arranged between the first base layer and the second base layer.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the temperature ranges from 25°C to 1100°C, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer is between 0.035 (W / m·K) and 0.045 (W / m·K).

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer is a nano heat insulation layer.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nano heat insulation layer includes at least one of a nano silicon layer and a nano carbon fiber layer.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nano heat insulation layer is a nano silicon dioxide layer, and the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide in the nano silicon dioxide layer is 20nm-40nm.

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat insulating layer is greater than the thickness of any one of the first base layer and the second base layer.

7. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat insulation layer is at least half of the thickness of the first wall.

8. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat insulation layer is greater than or equal to 20 mm.

9. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first wall further includes a heat-insulating layer, wherein the heat-insulating layer is disposed between the first base layer and the heat-insulating layer, and / or the heat-insulating layer is disposed between the second base layer and the heat-insulating layer.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the heat preservation layer.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer includes at least one of a rock wool layer and a foam layer.

12. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are connected to the first base layer or the second base layer adjacent to the thermal insulation layer.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first wall further includes a fastener; The first base layer, the heat insulation layer, the thermal insulation layer, and the second base layer are arranged in sequence, and the fastener passes through the first base layer and the heat insulation layer and is connected to the reinforcing rib; Alternatively, the first base layer, the thermal insulation layer, the heat insulating layer, and the second base layer are arranged in sequence, and the fastener passes through the second base layer and the heat insulating layer to be connected to the reinforcing rib.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that: A cap is provided at one end of the fastener, and the cap is located on the side of the corresponding first base layer or the corresponding second base layer away from the thermal insulation layer, and a thermal insulation pad is sandwiched between the cap and the corresponding first base layer or the corresponding second base layer.

15. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: The thickness of the thermal insulation layer is greater than the thickness of any one of the first base layer and the second base layer, and is less than the thickness of the heat insulating layer.

16. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The first wall further includes a fire-resistant layer, wherein the fire-resistant layer covers a surface of the first base layer facing away from the heat-insulating layer, and / or the fire-resistant layer covers a surface of the second base layer facing away from the heat-insulating layer.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The fire-resistant layer includes at least one of an intumescent fire-retardant coating layer and an aerogel layer.

18. The energy storage device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: The fire-resistant layer is a composite material layer of epoxy resin and carbon fiber.

19. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that: The thickness of the fire-resistant layer is 0.1 mm to 3 mm.

20. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that: The first base layer and the second base layer are both metal layers.

21. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that: The box body has a top wall and a bottom wall that are arranged opposite to each other, and a side wall that is arranged between the top wall and the bottom wall, and at least one of the top wall, the bottom wall and the side wall is the first wall.

22. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of energy storage devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 21.

Images