Multi-disc clutch assembly tool of automatic transmission

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-disc clutch assembly tool of an automatic transmission, which comprises a bottom plate placed on a universal working table, a stand column is vertically fixed on one side of the bottom plate, and the middle of the stand column protrudes towards the other side of the bottom plate and is connected with a hollow guide hole seat. The upper portion of the stand column is fixedly connected with a connecting rod penetrating through the guide hole seat through a lever mechanism, and a pressing disc used for axially pressing a driving friction plate, a driven friction plate and a reset spring of the clutch is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. The device is simple and compact in structure, less in parts, labor-saving in operation, low in cost, convenient to move and high in practicability in occasions such as maintenance or after-sale of the automatic transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an assembly tooling, in particular to an assembly tooling for a multi-plate clutch of an automatic transmission, belonging to the technical field of automobile manufacturing. Background Technique

[0002] The main components of a hydraulic automatic transmission (AT) are a torque converter, a planetary gear mechanism, a shift actuator, and a hydraulic control system. Its speed change and torque conversion functions are mainly achieved by the multi-plate clutch and brake of the hydraulic control shift actuator to complete different combination modes of several planetary gear trains.

[0003] The shift actuator is mainly used to change the driving element of the planetary gear mechanism or limit the movement of a certain element, changing the direction of power transmission and the transmission ratio. It mainly consists of a multi-plate clutch, a brake, a one-way overrunning clutch, etc., which have connection, fixing, or locking functions respectively. The function of the clutch is to connect or separate, that is, to connect or separate the input shaft of the transmission with a certain basic element of the planetary gear train, or to connect or separate two basic elements (sun gear, planet carrier, internal gear ring) of different planetary gear trains to make them a whole. The function of the brake is to hold a certain element in the planetary gear mechanism to make it immobile. By restricting the basic elements of the planetary gear mechanism (that is, fixing or connecting certain elements), the transmission can obtain different transmission ratios, thus achieving the purpose of shifting gears.

[0004] Figure 1 It is a wet multi-plate clutch, which consists of clutch plates, a clutch hub, a clutch drum, a return spring, a piston, several sealing rings, snap rings, etc. Among them, the clutch plates are composed of a group of driving plates made of steel sheet material and a group of driven plates with a copper-based powder metallurgy layer or synthetic fiber layer with a relatively large friction coefficient sintered on both sides arranged alternately. The steel sheets act as driving friction plates, and splines are provided on their outer edges and are installed on the internal spline teeth of the clutch drum and can move axially along the keyways of the teeth. The inner edge of the driven friction plate has internal spline teeth, which are connected to the outer spline teeth of the clutch hub and can also move axially along the keyways. The clutch hub and the clutch drum are fixedly connected to the sun gear, planet carrier, or internal gear ring in different planetary gear trains in the transmission by welding or other forms. When the clutch needs to be engaged, the oil pressure pushes the piston to press the driving steel sheets and the driven friction plates tightly, so that through the connection of the splines, the components of the relevant planetary gear train form a mechanical connection to transmit motion and torque. When the clutch is disengaged, the return spring quickly pushes the piston to separate the main and driven clutch plates, thereby disconnecting the transmission of the relevant components. The return spring is positioned by a snap ring. Common return springs include spiral springs and disc springs, and the return spring in this figure is a circumferentially arranged spiral spring.

[0005] The working principle of the multi-plate clutch is asFigure 2 shown. Figure 2 In a, the transmission control module instructs the solenoid valve to work, pressurizes the output pressure oil into the piston cylinder, pushes the check ball, and makes the check ball seal the one-way valve. Under the action of oil pressure, the piston overcomes the elastic force of the return spring and moves in the cylinder, pressing all the friction plates and steel plates together. Due to the large friction between the friction plates and steel plates, the transmission side steel plate and the driven side friction plate rotate at the same speed, that is, the clutch is engaged, and the gear shift is completed. Figure 2 In b, when the transmission control module instructs the solenoid valve to stop working, the pressure oil stops supplying. The hydraulic pressure in the cylinder decreases, which causes the check ball to move away from the one-way valve, and the oil in the cylinder is discharged through the one-way valve. The piston returns to its original position under the action of the return spring, disengaging the multi-plate clutch.

[0006] Figure 3 It is a multi-plate clutch device for the Benz W5A 5-speed automatic transmission. The drive hub 8 is connected to the turbine shaft 2 through a spline, and the axial displacement is controlled by a snap ring 12. The clutch driven hub 14 is welded to the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism. The clutch active friction plate 10 (steel plate) is connected to the keyway of the clutch drive hub 8 through an internal spline, and the clutch driven friction plate 13 is connected to the clutch driven hub 14 through an internal spline. The clutch active friction plates 10 and driven friction plates 13 are equal in number and placed alternately. When the electronic control unit controls the corresponding shift solenoid valve to be powered on or off, hydraulic oil enters from the hydraulic oil supply hole 3, so that the piston 5 overcomes the force of the piston return spring 15 to press the active friction plate 10 and the driven friction plate 13, so that they are in a engaged state, and the power of the turbine shaft 2 is transmitted to the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism. On the contrary, the hydraulic oil on the right side of the piston 5 is depressurized, and the return spring 15 resets the piston 5, and the active and driven friction plates are loosened from each other, forming a gap, and the power transmitted to the sun gear from the turbine shaft 2 is cut off.

[0007] The assembly of the plate clutch is an important process in the assembly of the automatic transmission (AT). The clutch hub or cup, which is the base for the installation of various components, is a bowl-shaped structure with a concave cavity. Its axial middle through hole is used to cooperate with the transmission shaft of the transmission, and its circumferential outer wall is provided with a number of concave spline grooves in the axial direction.

[0008] When assembling the multi-plate clutch assembly, under the premise of ensuring cleanliness, first alternately place the active friction plate and the driven friction plate on the outer spline groove of the clutch hub, and then place the diaphragm spring, piston, and end cover for reset in the concave inner cavity of the clutch hub in sequence. Preliminarily place them in place according to their positional relationship. Because the diaphragm spring is in a free state, it is necessary to apply axial external force to compress the end cover, piston and diaphragm spring to expose the snap ring groove on the inner hub of the clutch hub, and then use snap ring pliers to install the snap ring into this groove, thereby fixing the positions of the various components of the multi-plate clutch and completing the assembly of the "multi-plate clutch" components.

[0009] In the operation of "multi-plate clutch" in mass production assembly of automatic transmissions, generally a special electric servo press or hydraulic press is used to apply axial pressure to the components to cause the return spring to be compressed and deformed so that the snap ring groove on the inner hub of the clutch hub is exposed, and then the snap ring is installed. The advantages are that the pressure and stroke are controllable and the equipment has high precision, but the equipment investment is large and the specialization is strong. Utility Model Content

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an assembly tooling with reasonable structure and convenient use, which can ensure the precision of use while reducing production costs.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the present utility model is as follows: A multi-plate clutch assembly tooling for an automatic transmission, including a base plate placed on a general workbench surface, a column is vertically fixed on one side of the base plate, the middle part of the column protrudes towards the other side of the base plate and is connected with a hollow guide hole seat, the upper part of the column is connected and fixed with a connecting rod passing through the guide hole seat through a lever mechanism, and a pressing plate for axially pressing the main and driven friction plates of the multi-plate clutch and its return spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod.

[0012] Further, the column is composed of an upper column and a lower column, and the two are fastened and connected by bolts.

[0013] The lower column has an inverted L-shaped structure, and a guide hole seat is arranged on the side vertical surface of the cross beam that the inverted L-shaped structure overhangs towards the middle of the base; the upper column has an inverted T-shaped structure, and the horizontal bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped structure is attached to the cross beam of the lower column and is fastened and connected by two symmetrically arranged bolts.

[0014] A lever mechanism is installed on the horizontal bottom plate of the upper column; the lever mechanism includes a hinge seat arranged along the left edge of the horizontal bottom plate, the hinge seat is hinged with a lever through a pin a, and the lever rotates around the pin a as the rotation center; a number of grooves are equally spaced on the upper surface of the left section of the lever, and are matched with an arc-shaped pawl hinged in the middle of the upper column through the grooves; the end of the pawl is stuck in the ratchet tooth groove on the upper surface of the lever under its own gravity, and when the lever rotates downward around the pin, the pawl slides freely on the surface of the ratchet tooth groove of the lever; when the lever rotates upward around the pin, the pawl abuts against the bottom of the ratchet tooth groove of the lever to prevent the lever from rotating upward; a pin b is installed at the top of the upper column, a pin seat hole is arranged on the upper surface of the middle part of the lever, and a spiral spring is installed between the pin b and the pin seat hole, and the lever is kept in a proper position under the action of the spiral spring to prevent it from falling freely; at the same time, after the lever rotates downward, it can be reset by relying on the elastic force of the spiral spring.

[0015] Further, the groove is serrated. The side of the serration away from the hinge pin a is a straight edge, which is perpendicular to the axis of the lever, and the other side intersects the axis of the lever at an acute angle.

[0016] Further, a lower pin seat is installed on the lower surface of the lever at a position corresponding to the pin seat hole, and is connected to the connecting rod through the lower pin seat.

[0017] Further, the connecting rod is composed of an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod hinged end to end; the top end of the upper connecting rod is connected to the lower pin seat through a pin shaft c, and the end is connected to the lower connecting rod through a pin shaft d. The lower connecting rod is sleeved in the inner hole of the guide hole seat.

[0018] Further, the end of the lower connecting rod is spherical, and the ball head is matched with the spherical groove at the top of the pressure plate to form a spherical hinge.

[0019] Further, the lower part of the pressure plate is a hollow disk shape, and several opening grooves suitable for the clamping and opening operation space of the snap ring are provided at its edge.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: This application adopts a crank connecting rod slider mechanism and a ratchet pawl locking mechanism, with correct principles, simple and compact structure, and few components; the operator directly applies an external force to the lever, which is of appropriate length and labor-saving to operate; after the elastic part of the component to be assembled is press-fitted and deformed to expose the snap ring groove, the ratchet pawl mechanism locks, with reliable locking, which is convenient for the operator to concentrate on the next operation of installing the snap ring. At the same time, in this application, pin shaft hinges or spherical hinge seats are used at each joint, with flexible and smooth movement. Among them, the pressure plate is connected to the connecting rod by a spherical hinge, which has a certain adaptability to the deviation of the placement position of the component to be assembled on the tooling base. This application has low cost, is convenient to move, and has strong practicability in occasions such as the maintenance or after-sales of automatic transmissions. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a wet multi-disc clutch.

[0022] Figure 2 It is the working principle diagram of the multi-disc clutch. (a) is the engagement principle diagram of the multi-disc clutch, and (b) is the separation principle diagram of the multi-disc clutch

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-disc clutch of the Mercedes-Benz W5A5-speed automatic transmission.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 5 It is for Figure 4 The sectional view of

[0026] Figure 6 is Figure 4 the three - dimensional effect drawing of

[0027] Figure 7 is Figure 4 the exploded view of

[0028] Brief Description of the Drawings: 1 - base, 2 - lower column, 3 - upper column, 4 - pin a, 5 - arc pawl, 6 - helical spring, 7 - lever, 8 - upper connecting rod, 9 - guide hole seat, 10 - lower connecting rod, 11 - pressure plate, 12 - screw, 13 - pin b, 14 - pin c, 15 - pin d. Detailed Implementation Manner Embodiment

[0029] This embodiment provides a multi - disc clutch assembly tooling for an automatic transmission, and its structure is as Figures 4 - 7 shown, which is composed of a crank - connecting - rod - slider mechanism and a pawl locking mechanism. An "L - shaped" lower column 2 is arranged on the edge of the base 1, and a hollow guide hole seat 9 is arranged on the side vertical surface of the cross - beam that the lower column 2 overhangs towards the middle of the base. An "inverted T - shaped" upper column 3 is installed on the upper surface of the lower column 2. The upper column 3 and the lower column 2 are firmly connected together by two screws 12.

[0030] A hinge seat is arranged on the left edge of the bottom plate of the upper column 3. The lever 7 is hinged to the hinge seat on the left edge of the bottom plate of the upper column 3 through the pin a, and the lever 7 can rotate around the pin a at its end. A pin seat is arranged on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the middle section of the lever 7. The lower pin seat is connected to the upper connecting rod 8 and the lower connecting rod 10 which are hinged end - to - end. The lower connecting rod 10 is sleeved in the inner hole of the guide hole seat 9. The end of the lower connecting rod 10 is spherical, and its ball head is matched with the spherical groove at the top of the pressure plate 11 to form a spherical hinge. The lower part of the pressure plate 11 is a hollow disc shape, and several wide opening grooves are arranged on its edge.

[0031] Another arc pawl 5 is hinged in the middle of the upper column 3. A row of serrated grooves is arranged on the upper surface of the lever 7. The side of the serrated groove shape far from the hinge pin a is a straight edge, which is perpendicular to the axis of the lever 7, and the other side intersects with the axis of the lever 7 at an acute angle. The end of the arc pawl 5 is stuck in the serrated groove on the upper surface of the lever 7 under its own gravity. When the lever 7 rotates downward around the pin a, the arc pawl 5 freely slides over the surface of the serrated groove of the lever 7. When the lever 7 rotates upward around the pin a, the arc pawl 5 abuts against the bottom of the serrated groove of the lever 7 to prevent the upward rotation of the lever 7.

[0032] A pin shaft b is provided at the uppermost end of the upper column 3. A pin seat hole is provided on the upper surface of the middle part of the lever 7. The two ends of the spiral spring 6 are respectively hooked on the pin shaft b of the upper column 3 and the pin hole of the lever 7. Under the action of the spiral spring 10, the lever 7 is kept in a proper position to prevent free fall, and after the lever 7 rotates downward, it can be reset by relying on the elastic force of the spiral spring 10.

[0033] During the assembly operation of the multi-plate clutch component of the automatic transmission, the operator initially places the clutch cup, clutch hub, active friction plate, driven friction plate, piston, diaphragm spring, etc. of the multi-plate clutch assembly together according to the positional relationship between the components, and places the entire assembly on this tooling base 1 so that the axis of the assembly is initially aligned with the axis of the pressure plate of the tooling.

[0034] The operator presses the end of the lever 7 by hand, thereby driving the upper connecting rod 8 to push the lower connecting rod 10 to move straight downward in the guide hole seat 9, and the connecting rod 10 drives the pressure plate 11 to press on the workpiece to be assembled. Under the action of the pressure, the diaphragm spring or the circumferentially distributed spiral spring in the workpiece to be assembled undergoes compressive deformation, and then the piston and the active and driven friction plates in the entire assembly move downward, and the snap ring grooves on the inner wall of the clutch cup or the outer circle of the clutch hub are exposed. Since the arc-shaped pawl 5 slides over the upper surface of the lever 7 and abuts in the corresponding ratchet tooth groove, the downward one-way movement and locking of the lever 7 are realized. At this time, the operator can free up a hand and use a snap ring pliers to open the snap ring opening and install it into the outer snap ring groove of the clutch hub or the inner snap ring groove on the clutch cup. When the snap ring is small in size and needs to be installed in the outer snap ring groove of the clutch hub, the jaws of the snap ring pliers are extended from the opening groove provided on the circumference of the pressure plate 11 to the lower part of the pressure plate, and the snap ring to be assembled is installed into the snap ring groove; when the snap ring is large in size and needs to be installed in the inner snap ring groove of the clutch cup, the snap ring pliers are directly used to open the snap ring opening outside the circumference of the pressure plate 11 and install it into the corresponding groove to complete the assembly.

[0035] After the installation of the snap ring is completed, the operator presses the lever 7 with one hand and gently pulls out the pawl 5 from the serrated groove on the upper surface of the lever 7 with the other hand. The lever 7 moves upward under the elastic force of the spring 6 and returns to the initial position. At this time, the assembled multi-plate clutch or brake assembly is taken off the tooling, and the operation is completed.

[0036] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention can also have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembly tool for a multi-plate clutch of an automatic transmission, characterized in that: It comprises a base plate placed on a universal work surface, a column is vertically fixed on one side of the base plate, the middle part of the column protrudes toward the other side of the base plate and is connected to a hollow guide hole seat, the upper part of the column is connected and fixed to a connecting rod passing through the guide hole seat by a lever mechanism, and a pressure plate for axially pressing the master and slave friction plates of a multi-plate clutch and their return springs is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod.

2. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column consists of an upper column and a lower column, which are fastened and connected by bolts.

3. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower column is an inverted L-shaped structure, and a guide hole seat is arranged on the side surface of the beam that cantilevers out to the middle of the base; the upper column is an inverted T-shaped structure, and the transverse bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped structure fits with the crossbeam of the lower column and is fastened by two symmetrically arranged bolts.

4. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lever mechanism is installed on the transverse bottom plate of the upper column; the lever mechanism includes an articulated seat arranged along the left edge of the transverse bottom plate, and the articulated seat is hinged with a lever through a pin a, and the lever rotates around the pin a as the rotation center; a plurality of grooves are provided on the upper surface of the left section of the lever at equal intervals, and the grooves cooperate with the arc-shaped pawl hinged on the middle part of the upper column; a pin b is installed on the top end of the upper column, a pin seat hole is provided on the middle upper surface of the lever, and a coil spring is installed between the pin b and the pin seat hole.

5. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: The groove is in a sawtooth shape, the side of the sawtooth away from the hinge pin a is a straight side, the straight side is perpendicular to the axis of the lever, and the other side intersects with the axis of the lever at an acute angle.

6. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: A lower pin seat is installed on the lower surface of the lever at a position corresponding to the pin seat hole, and is connected to the connecting rod through the lower pin seat.

7. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting rod is composed of an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod which are hinged at the ends; the top end of the upper connecting rod is connected to the lower pin seat through a pin shaft c, and the end end is connected to the lower connecting rod through a pin shaft d, and the lower connecting rod is sleeved in the inner hole of the guide hole seat.

8. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the lower connecting rod is spherical, and the ball head matches with the spherical groove on the top of the pressure plate to form a spherical hinge.

9. The multi-plate clutch assembly tool for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the pressure plate is in the shape of a hollow plate, and a plurality of opening grooves suitable for the clamping ring to open and close the operating space are arranged on its edge.

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