Self-adaptive inner hole rolling cutter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-adaptive inner hole rolling tool which comprises a telescopic mechanism, a tool bit structure and a connecting part. The telescopic mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder body end cover, a plunger rod and a sealing ring, and the plunger rod is controlled to stretch out and draw back by changing the oil inlet direction of an oil passing opening in the cylinder body. The tool bit structure comprises a tool bit shell, a retainer, a tool bit end cover, an auxiliary rolling body and a tool bit rolling body, the tool bit rolling body and the auxiliary rolling body are in tangent contact, rolling positions are limited through the tool bit end cover and the retainer respectively, and the tool bit structure stretches out and draws back through changes of the plunger rod; the connecting part comprises a connecting rod, a spindle and a spindle end cover, the connecting rod is connected with a machine tool, the spindle is connected with the cylinder body through a spline, and therefore rotation of the whole rolling cutter is achieved. According to the utility model, the flexibility and the machining efficiency of the cutter are improved, and the cutter can be suitable for integrated rolling machining of inner hole workpieces with different hole diameters; and the working stability and reliability of the cutter are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of surface strengthening, and particularly relates to an adaptive internal hole rolling tool. Background Art

[0002] In modern manufacturing, rolling processing, as a surface strengthening technology, is widely used to improve the surface hardness, wear resistance and fatigue strength of workpieces. By applying pressure to the surface of the workpiece, plastic deformation and grain refinement occur in its surface layer and subsurface layer, forming a dense gradient nano-strengthened layer. It also eliminates surface defects and microcracks, can effectively improve the microstructure of the material, and thus enhance its overall performance. Rolling not only increases the service life of the workpiece, but also reduces the subsequent maintenance cost. Therefore, rolling processing plays a crucial role in improving the reliability and durability of mechanical components.

[0003] Existing rolling tools have obvious limitations in practical applications. Most traditional rolling tools are mainly designed for plane rolling processing or external cylindrical surface treatment, and cannot effectively meet the requirements of internal hole processing; some internal hole tools can usually only process internal holes with specific diameters, lacking adaptability to different diameter internal holes and integrated processing. In addition, rolling processing has high requirements for surface quality. After the rolling elements of the tool work for a period of time, the surface quality will decline. However, most common rolling tools are of an integral non-detachable design, resulting in the need to replace the entire tool after the tool head wears, thus increasing production costs. Due to these limitations, traditional rolling tools are difficult to cope with complex processing tasks and diverse processing requirements, thereby affecting processing efficiency and flexibility. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an adaptive internal hole rolling tool, which overcomes the problems of poor adaptability and insufficient flexibility of existing rolling tools in internal hole processing.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions: an adaptive internal hole rolling tool, comprising: a telescopic mechanism, four tool head structures and a connecting part;

[0006] The telescopic mechanism includes a cylinder body, a plunger rod, a cylinder end cover, a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring and a third sealing ring. The cylinder body contains four chambers, and the chambers are respectively matched with four identical plunger rods; the cylinder end cover is connected to the cylinder body through a first connecting piece, and the cylinder end cover is in interference fit with the plunger rod; the plunger rod is in interference fit with the first sealing ring, and the cylinder end cover is in interference fit with the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring;

[0007] The cutter head structure includes a cutter head housing, cutter head rolling elements, a cutter head end cover, a cage, and auxiliary rolling elements; the cutter head housing is connected to the cutter head end cover through a second connecting member, and the end of the cutter head housing is threadedly connected to the plunger rod; the cutter head rolling elements and the auxiliary rolling elements are in line contact, and the auxiliary rolling elements and the cutter head housing are in line contact;

[0008] The connecting part includes a connecting rod, a main shaft, and a main shaft end cover. The connecting rod and the main shaft are threadedly connected. The main shaft is connected to the cylinder block through a spline. The main shaft end cover is connected to the lower end of the cylinder block through a third connecting member.

[0009] Further, the cylinder block is an integral cylinder block. Each of the chambers includes a left hydraulic hole and a right hydraulic hole. The left hydraulic hole and the right hydraulic hole are connected to an external hydraulic valve or hydraulic pump to control the flow direction of the fluid in the chamber.

[0010] Further, the fluid in the chamber of the cylinder block includes hydraulic oil, gas, water, etc.

[0011] Further, a displacement sensor is installed on the plunger rod to monitor the movement of the cutter head; a limiting semi-cylindrical body is provided at the left end of the plunger rod, and the cylinder block end cover can limit the position of the plunger rod moving outward to ensure that the hydraulic oil can smoothly pass through the left hydraulic hole and the right hydraulic hole and thus flow into and out of the left and right chambers of the cylinder block.

[0012] Further, a limiting end face is provided at the upper end of the plunger rod.

[0013] Further, a boss is provided inside the cutter head housing, and a groove is provided inside the cage. The cutter head housing and the cage are in stepped fit; the cutter head end cover and the cutter head rolling elements are in clearance fit, and the cage and the auxiliary rolling elements are in clearance fit; the diameter of the lower end of the aperture of the cutter head end cover is larger than the diameter of the cutter head rolling elements, and the diameter of its upper end is smaller than the diameter of the cutter head rolling elements.

[0014] Further, the upper end of the connecting rod is stepped, which can be clamped with the ball rolling elements of the CNC machine tool and limited by the conical cylindrical surface in the middle; the lower end of the connecting rod is cylindrical and provided with four planes, which can be assembled with a lathe, etc.

[0015] Further, the main shaft is provided with a stepped shaft. The main shaft end cover limits the position of the bolt, and the connection between the main shaft and the cylinder block is fixed jointly by the bolt and the stepped shaft of the main shaft.

[0016] Further, the first connecting member, the second connecting member, and the third connecting member are bolts.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The device improves the flexibility and processing efficiency of the tool, and can be applied to the integrated rolling processing of inner hole workpieces with different hole diameters; the auxiliary rolling elements and the tool head rolling elements act to reduce the contact force, thereby prolonging the service life of the tool, and the modular design of the tool head structure reduces the replacement cost after tool wear; the design of the integral cylinder block improves the stability and reliability of the tool during operation while meeting the telescopic requirements. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a partial top view cross-sectional view of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a front view cross-sectional view of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the appearance of the present utility model.

[0021] The reference numerals in the drawings are: cylinder block 1, first sealing ring 2, plunger rod 3, second sealing ring 4, cylinder block end cover 5, first connecting member 6, tool head housing 7, tool head rolling element 8, tool head end cover 9, second connecting member 10, cage 11, auxiliary rolling element 12, third sealing ring 13, connecting rod 14, main shaft 15, left hydraulic hole 16, right hydraulic hole 17, bolt 18, main shaft end cover 19, third connecting member 20. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment

[0022] The following further describes the patent of the present utility model with reference to the drawings:

[0023] Referring to Figures 1 - 3 , an adaptive inner hole rolling tool includes a telescopic mechanism, a tool head structure and a connecting part. The whole tool consists of a telescopic mechanism, four tool head structures and a connecting part. The telescopic mechanism includes a cylinder block 1, a plunger rod 3, a cylinder block end cover 5 and different types of sealing rings, and the sealing rings include: a first sealing ring 2, a second sealing ring 4 and a third sealing ring 13; the plunger rod 3 is in interference fit with the first sealing ring 2, and the cylinder block end cover 5 is in interference fit with the second sealing ring 4 and the third sealing ring 13 to prevent the leakage of hydraulic oil during operation; the cylinder block 1 contains four chambers, and the chambers are respectively matched with four identical plunger rods 3; the cylinder block end cover 5 is connected to the cylinder block 1 through a first connecting member 6, and the cylinder block end cover 5 is in interference fit with the plunger rod 3.

[0024] The tool head structure includes a tool head housing 7, a tool head rolling element 8, a tool head end cover 9, a cage 11 and an auxiliary rolling element 12; the tool head housing 7 is connected to the tool head end cover 9 through a second connecting member 10, and the end of the tool head housing 7 is connected to the plunger rod 3 by a thread; the tool head rolling element 8 and the auxiliary rolling element 12 are in line contact, and the auxiliary rolling element 12 and the tool head housing 7 are in line contact.

[0025] The connecting part includes a connecting rod 14, a main shaft 15 and a main shaft end cover 19. The connecting rod 14 and the main shaft 15 are connected by threads. The main shaft 15 is connected to the cylinder block 1 by a spline. The main shaft end cover 19 is connected to the lower end of the cylinder block 1 by a third connecting member 20.

[0026] The cylinder block 1 is an integral cylinder block. Each chamber thereof includes a left hydraulic hole 16 and a right hydraulic hole 17. The two hydraulic holes are connected and controlled by threads with external hydraulic valves, hydraulic pumps and other devices through pipelines to control the flow direction of hydraulic oil in the chamber, so as to realize the telescopic movement of the plunger rod 3 and further realize the change of the machining range of the tool head.

[0027] The fluid in the chamber of the cylinder block 1 includes but is not limited to hydraulic oil, gas, water, etc.

[0028] A displacement sensor is installed on the plunger rod 3 to monitor the movement of the tool head. A limiting semi-cylinder is provided at the left end to limit the limit of its inward movement. The cylinder block end cover 5 can also limit the position of the plunger rod 3 moving outward, ensuring that the hydraulic oil can smoothly pass through the left hydraulic hole 16 and the right hydraulic hole 17 and thus flow into and out of the left and right chambers of the cylinder block 1.

[0029] A limiting end face is provided at the upper end of the plunger rod 3.

[0030] A boss is provided inside the tool head housing 7, and a groove is provided inside the cage 11. The tool head housing 7 and the cage 11 are in stepped fit; there is a clearance fit between the tool head end cover 9, the tool head rolling body 8, the cage 11 and the auxiliary rolling body to facilitate the rolling of the tool during operation; the diameter of the lower end of the aperture of the tool head end cover 9 is larger than the diameter of the tool head rolling body 8, and the diameter of its upper end is smaller than the diameter of the tool head rolling body 8, which can realize the convenient replacement and rolling stability of the tool head rolling body 8.

[0031] The upper end of the connecting rod 14 is stepped, and can be clamped with the ball rolling body of the numerical control machine tool and limited by the conical cylindrical surface in the middle; the lower end of the connecting rod 14 is cylindrical and provided with four planes, and can be assembled with a lathe or the like.

[0032] The main shaft 15 is provided with a stepped shaft. The main shaft end cover 19 limits the position of the bolt 18, and the connection between the main shaft 15 and the cylinder block 1 is fixed by the bolt 18 and the stepped shaft of the main shaft 15 together.

[0033] The first connecting member 6, the second connecting member 10 and the third connecting member 20 are bolts.

[0034] Working principle: The connecting rod 14 is connected to the machine tool spindle, and the power of the machine tool spindle is input into the connecting rod 14, which in turn drives the spindle 15 connected to the connecting rod 14 to rotate. The spindle 15 transmits the power to the cylinder block 1 connected thereto through the spline, and the rotation of the cylinder block 1 drives the rotation of the four tool head structures. By controlling the hydraulic oil or air to flow in from the left hydraulic hole 16 of the cylinder block 1 and out from the right hydraulic hole 17 through an external hydraulic valve and hydraulic pump, the plunger rod 3 is extended, so that the tool head rolling body 8 acts on the surface of the inner hole to be machined. On the contrary, the hydraulic oil or air flows in from the right hydraulic hole 17 of the cylinder block 1 and out from the left hydraulic hole 16, realizing the contraction of the plunger rod 3, so that the tool head rolling body 8 acts on the surface of a smaller inner hole, thereby realizing the strengthening of the inner hole surface of workpieces with different hole diameters.

[0035] During the rolling process, the single tool head rolling body 8 is in line contact and relatively rotates with the two auxiliary rolling bodies 12 under the reaction force from the workpiece surface. Compared with the traditional line-surface contact, this method can disperse the load and heat, reduce local stress concentration, and improve the shock absorption performance of the system. When the tool head rolling body 8 of this tool wears out, loosen the second connecting member 10, and take out the tool head end cover 9, the tool head rolling body 8, the cage 11 and the auxiliary rolling body 12 in sequence; the order of replacing the new tool head rolling body 8 and the auxiliary rolling body 12 is as follows: first place the cage 11 on the limiting step of the tool head housing 7, then place the auxiliary rolling body 12 in the groove of the cage 11 for limitation, then install the tool head rolling body 8 in the wedge-shaped groove of the tool head end cover 9 and make it contact with the tool head housing 7, and then fix it through the second connecting member 10.

[0036] The present utility model includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope defined by the claims of the present utility model, as long as the technical solutions that can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative labor can be regarded as within the protection scope of the patent of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive internal hole rolling tool, characterized in that Comprising: A telescopic mechanism, four cutter head structures, and a connecting part; The telescopic mechanism includes a cylinder block (1), a plunger rod (3), a cylinder block end cover (5), a first sealing ring (2), a second sealing ring (4), and a third sealing ring (13); the cylinder block (1) contains four chambers, and the chambers are respectively matched with four identical plunger rods (3); the cylinder block end cover (5) is connected to the cylinder block (1) through a first connecting member (6), and the cylinder block end cover (5) is in interference fit with the plunger rod (3); the plunger rod (3) is in interference fit with the first sealing ring (2), and the cylinder block end cover (5) is in interference fit with the second sealing ring (4) and the third sealing ring (13); The cutter head structure includes a cutter head housing (7), a cutter head rolling body (8), a cutter head end cover (9), a cage (11), and an auxiliary rolling body (12); the cutter head housing (7) is connected to the cutter head end cover (9) through a second connecting member (10), and the end of the cutter head housing (7) is connected to the plunger rod (3) by a thread; the cutter head rolling body (8) and the auxiliary rolling body (12) are in line contact, and the auxiliary rolling body (12) and the cutter head housing (7) are in line contact; The connecting part includes a connecting rod (14), a main shaft (15), and a main shaft end cover (19), the connecting rod (14) and the main shaft (15) are connected by a thread, the main shaft (15) and the cylinder block (1) are connected by a spline, and the main shaft end cover (19) is connected to the lower end of the cylinder block (1) through a third connecting member (20).

2. The adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 1, wherein: The cylinder block (1) is an integral cylinder block, and each chamber includes a left hydraulic hole (16) and a right hydraulic hole (17), and the left hydraulic hole (16) and the right hydraulic hole (17) are connected to external hydraulic components.

3. An adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contents in the chambers of the cylinder block (1) include hydraulic oil, gas, and water.

4. An adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A displacement sensor is installed on the plunger rod (3), and the plunger rod (3) is provided with a limiting semi-cylinder.

5. The adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 1, wherein: The upper end of the plunger rod (3) is provided with a limiting end face.

6. The adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 1, wherein: A boss is provided inside the cutter head housing (7), a groove is provided inside the cage (11), and the cutter head housing (7) and the cage (11) are in stepped fit; the cutter head end cover (9) and the cutter head rolling body (8) are in clearance fit, and the cage (11) and the auxiliary rolling body (12) are in clearance fit; the lower end diameter of the aperture of the cutter head end cover (9) is larger than the diameter of the cutter head rolling body (8), and its upper end diameter is smaller than the diameter of the cutter head rolling body (8).

7. An adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting rod (14) is stepped; the lower end of the connecting rod (14) is cylindrical and provided with four planes.

8. An adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (15) is provided with a stepped shaft, and the main shaft end cover (19) restricts the position of the bolt (18), and the connection between the main shaft (15) and the cylinder block (1) is fixed by the bolt (18) and the stepped shaft of the main shaft (15) together.

9. An adaptive internal hole rolling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting member (6), the second connecting member (10), and the third connecting member (20) adopt bolts.

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